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14.5 Release
Introduction
Workshop Description:
This workshop models a water tank filling and then emptying through a siphon. The problem is transient and solved as a two-fluid, multiphase case (air + water).
An initial water level is set in the tank. The water supply is turned on for the first second of the simulation and then shut off for the rest of the simulation. The water level rises until water flows out the U-tube generating a siphoning effect which effectively empties the tank. Learning Aims: This workshop introduces several new skills: Setting up and post-processing a transient simulation Setting up a multiphase simulation Using if statements to initialize physics
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
2
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Mesh Import
1. Start Workbench, add a CFX Component System and edit Setup to start CFX-Pre 2. Right-click on Mesh > Import Mesh > ICEM CFD 3. Set the Mesh Units to cm
For some mesh formats it is important to know the units used to generate the mesh
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
3
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
4
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
5
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
6
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
13. Under Heat Transfer enable the Homogeneous Model toggle and set the Option to None 14. Set the Turbulence Model Option to k-Epsilon
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
7
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
19. Under Interphase Transfer set the Option to Free Surface 20. Click OK to complete the changes to the domain
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
8
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
9
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
2. In the Boundary Details use Opening Pres. And Dirn with a Relative Pressure of 0 [Pa]
3. In the Fluid Values set the Volume Fraction of Air to 1 and the Volume Fraction of Water to 0
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
10
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
11
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Define Expressions
Next you will create expressions to define the initial water height and hydrostatic pressure field. These expressions must define the correct initial flow field because the transient simulation is started cold (it is not started from a converged steady-state simulation).
1. Insert the following expressions: waterHt = 6 [cm] waterVF = if(y<waterHt,1,0)*if(y>-0.01 [m],1,0)* if(x>-0.028 [m],1,0) waterDen = 998 [kg m^-3] HydroP = waterDen * g * (waterHt - y) * waterVF waterHt is the initial height of the water in the tank. waterVF provides the initial volume fraction distribution in the tank (see next slide). waterDen is the density of water. HydroP provides the initial pressure distribution due to the hydrostatic pressure of water.
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
12
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Define Expressions
x = - 0.028
The expression for waterVF contains three if() function terms multiplied together. The first function, if(y<waterHt,1,0), returns 1 when y < waterHt. In other words the volume fraction of water is 1 below the y = waterHt line shown to the right. The second if() function returns 1 when y > 0.01[m]. The third function returns 1 when x > 0.028 [m]. The result is that the volume fraction of water is equal to 1 only in the shaded area shown to the right. This defines the initial water volume fraction.
y = waterHt y = - 0.01
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
13
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
2.
3. 4.
5.
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
14
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
4. In the Output Variables List, use the icon and the Ctrl key to pick Air.Volume Fraction, Velocity, and Water.Volume Fraction 5. Under Output Frequency, set the Timestep Interval to 2 and click OK
Transient results will be written every second timestep, thus creating a total of 125 Transient Results files
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
15
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
2. Edit the Output Control object in the Outline tree 3. On the Monitor tab, toggle Monitor Options, insert a new Monitor Point named Water Volume 4. Set the Option to Expression and enter the Expression Value as waterVol, then click OK
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
16
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Run Solver
1. Close CFX-Pre and save the project as TankFlush.wbpj
2. In the Project Schematic, Edit the Solution object to start the CFX-Solver Manager 3. Start the run from the CFX-Solver Manager
You can monitor the volume of water in the domain during the simulation on the User Points tab The simulation will take about 30 minutes to complete. Therefore results files have been provided with this workshop
4. After a few timesteps stop your run from the Project Schematic by rightclicking on the Solution cell and selecting Interrupt Update 5. Select File > Monitor Finished Run in the CFX-Solver Manager 6. Browse to the results file provided with the workshop
Note the shape of the Water Volume curve (User Points) and see that less water is in the domain at the end of the run than at the beginning
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
17
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Post-Process Results
1. Using Windows Explorer, locate the results file supplied, TankFlush_001.res, and drag it into an empty region of the Project Schematic 2. A new CFX Solution and Results cell will appear. Double-click on the Results object to open the file in CFD-Post
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
18
Results
Summary
Release 14.5
Post-Process Results
1. Click on Z-axis to align view and turn on Visibility for Sym1
2. On the Color tab set the Variable to Water.Volume Fraction and the Color Map to White to Blue
3. Use the Timestep Selector to load results from different points in the simulation 4. With the first Timestep loaded open the Animation tool 5. Select the Quick Animation toggle and select Timesteps as the object to animate 6. Turn off the Repeat Forever button
7. Enable the Save Movie toggle and then click the Play icon to animate the results and generate an MPEG
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
19
Summary
A tank flush has been simulated using a transient simulation with multiphase flow. Due to the nature of transient simulations, they tend to take longer to solve and post-process.
The results show that a significant amount of air became entrained in the water. As the Homogeneous multiphase model was used and the fluids shared the same velocity field, it was not possible for the air to separate out from the water as a result of buoyancy. In order for this to have happened, the Inhomogeneous multiphase model would have been required. Each phase would then have had its own velocity field and the entrained air bubble could have risen relative to the water.
When running the Inhomogeneous model the entrained phase should be set as a Dispersed Phase in CFX-Pre.
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Setup
December 17, 2012
Solution
20
Results
Summary
Release 14.5