Basic Control Structures in C#

31/08/2013

UKBSTE .Net Nagarjuna Chada IS Telecom 1.2

nagarjuna.chada@tcs.com

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Table of Content 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 4 if Statement .............................................................................................................................................................. 4 if - else Statement ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 else if Statement ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 Switch Statement ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 While Loop ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Do-While Loop .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 for Loop ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 for- each loop ............................................................................................................................................................ 6

1. Introduction
Control Structures are basic mechanisms which are used to control the flow of execution. There are 9 control structure statements in C# 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. if statement. if else statement else if Statement switch statement while loop do-while loop for loop for-each loop goto

2. if Statement
if statement checks a condition and the condition is true it executes the statements inside the if block.
int a = 0; if (a == 0) Console.WriteLine("value of a =0"); Console.Read();

3. if - else Statement
if-else statement evaluates the condition in if block, if it becomes true executes the statements in if block and if the condition becomes false, executes the statements in else block.
int a = 1; if (a == 0) Console.WriteLine("value of a =0"); else Console.WriteLine("value of a is not 0");

4. else if Statement
if-else statement evaluates the condition in if block, if it becomes true executes the statements in if block and if the condition becomes false, evaluates next else if block and executes the code in which ever condition becomes true.

int a = 1; if (a == 0) Console.WriteLine("value of a =0"); else if (a == 1) Console.WriteLine("value of a is a=1"); else Console.WriteLine("Value of is not 0 or 1"); Console.Read();

5. Switch Statement
Switch statement evaluates the condition against a case specified in its block. If it matches with any of the case, it executes that block. If does not matches with any of the cases, it executes the default block specified in the last.
int a = 4; switch (a) { case 1 : Console.WriteLine("a break; case 2: Console.WriteLine("a break; case 3: Console.WriteLine("a break; case 4: Console.WriteLine("a break; default: Console.WriteLine("a break; } Console.Read();

value is 1");

value is 2");

value is 3");

value is 4");

value does not matches with any of the cases");

6. While Loop
While-loop is a entry control iteration statement. It evaluates the condition and executes the block of statements in it until the condition becomes false.
int count = 1; while (count < 10) { Console.WriteLine("Count value : " + count); count++; } Console.Read();

7. Do-While Loop
Do while loop is a exit control iteration statement. It executes the code first and evaluates the condition. It executes the block of statements inside it until the condition becomes false. However this loop executes the block of statements at least once.
int count = 1; do { Console.WriteLine("Count value : " + count); count++; } while (count<10); Console.Read();

8. for Loop
By using a for loop, you can run a statement or a block of statements repeatedly until a specified expression evaluates to false. This kind of loop is useful for iterating over arrays and for other applications in which you know in advance how many times you want the loop to iterate.
int[] a = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }; for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) { Console.WriteLine("a[{0}] value : {1}", i, a[i]); } Console.Read();

9. for- each loop

Foreach is a loop construct. It does not use an integer index. Instead, it is used on a collection and returns each element in order. This is called enumeration. It eliminates errors caused by incorrect index handling.
int[] a = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }; Console.WriteLine("The values in the array are : "); foreach(int value in a) { Console.WriteLine(value); } Console.Read();

Thank You

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