Sungkoo Kang October 9, 2013 Eleventh IB Biology Mr.

Bolaos

Cells seen under the microscope

Research Question The purpose of this lab was to know how to use a compound light microscope, collect specimens, and record data.

Introduction Compound Light Microscope: Microscope capable of increasing our ability to see by 1000 times so that objects as small as 0.1 micrometer. The first light microscope was invented in 1595 by Zacharias Jansen that consisted of a compound microscope that used collapsing tubes and produced magnifications up to 9 times. Epithelial Tissue: One of the four basic types of animal tissue; main functions are secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport, and detection of sensation. Plant Cell: Eukaryotic cells found in Viridiplantae; living multicellular organisms of the kingdom Plantae. Crystal Violet: Triarylmethane dye used in the Grams method of classifying bacteria. Coverslip: Very thin piece of glass placed over a specimen on a glass slide that is to be examined under a microscope. Microscope Slide: Small flat rectangular piece of glass on which specimens can be mounted for microscopic study. Objectives Learning how to use a light compound microscope.

Compare and contrast animal and plant cells.

 Learn how to use a dye to see cell organelles.

Materials and Methods Human cheek epithelial cells Scalpel 2 Coverslip 2 Microscope slide Compound Light Microscope Onion Crystal violet iPhone 4 Dye Cotton swabs

Plant Cell Procedure 1. Use a scalpel to cut off a thin inner layer of an onion. 2. Put the layer of onion above a microscope slide and apply dye on it. 3. Wait five minutes, then place a coverslip; press the pieces together to take out any excess solution. 4. Place the microscope slide holding both pieces on the microscope adjust the view by using both coarse focus knob and fine focus knob in objective lens 40x. 5. Change the magnification of the objective lens to 100x and adjust the quality through the coarse focus knob and fine focus knob.

6. Change the magnification of the objective lens to 400x and adjust the quality through the coarse focus knob and fine focus knob. Animal Cell Procedure 1. Use a cotton swab and rub it on a side of your cheek to collect epithelial cells. 2. Rub the cotton swab on another microscope slide and apply a few drops of crystal violet. 3. Repeat steps 3,4,5,6 of the plant cell procedure.

Data Collection Fig 1.

Cell Membrane Nucleus

Onion Cell (Plant cell)

Magnification: 400x
Vacuole

When magnified, we can clearly see

Cytoplasm

most of the general parts of a eukaryotic plant cell.

Fig 2.

Human Cheek Epithelial Cell (Animal Cell)

Nucleus Cell Membrane

Magnification: 100x
Cytoplasm

Same as the plant cell, we can see general and important parts of the eukaryotic cell.

Data Analysis Cell Shape Solution Cell Wall Vacuole Cytoplasm Animal Circular Crystal violet Absent Absent Present Conclusion Throughout this lab, we reviewed what we learned from 9th grade and discovered new skills that we could use for future labs. Using our new abilities and mastering our old ones, we were able to accomplish our objectives for this lab. Plant Cuboidal Dye Present Present Present

Evaluation Even though we managed to fulfill the objectives of this lab, Im still not satisfied with a few things: 1. Didnt have the opportunity to get a look at the epithelial cell at a 400x magnification to see its parts detailed. 2. No thorough investigation with different specimens. 3. Didnt try more solutions besides the dye and crystal violet.

Bibliography
http://www.tissue-cell-culture.com/images/products/related/microscopes/1200cm_mscope.gif (last seen September 21, 2013 4:45p.m.) http://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/microscopy.html (last seen September 21, 2013 4:51p.m.) http://www.microscopemaster.com/compound-light-microscope.html (last seen September 21, 2013 4:53p.m.) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelium (last seen September 21, 2013 4:54p.m.) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_cell (last seen September 21, 2013 4:56p.m.)

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant (last seen September 21, 2013 4:56p.m.)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_violet (last seen September 21, 2013 5:00p.m.) http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cover+slip (last seen September 21, 2013 5:00p.m.) http://www.thefreedictionary.com/microscope+slide (last seen September 21, 2013 5:02p.m.) http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/laboratory-safety-symbols-2904593.jpg (last seen September 21, 2013 5:30p.m.) http://www.diffen.com/difference/Animal_Cell_vs_Plant_Cell (last seen September 22, 2013 7:55p.m.)