Chemical Kinetics Exam

Name:______________________________ Part A: Multiple Choice Value: 42 marks Suggested Time: 60 minutes INSTRUCTIONS: For each question, select the best answer and record your choice on the Response Form provided. Using an HB pencil, completely fill in the circle that has the letter corresponding to your answer. 1. Consider the reaction: Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) At a certain temperature 2.!" g Ca reacts completel# in $"." seconds. %he rate o& consumption o& Ca is A. ".""2"' mol ( min ). "."'$$ mol ( min C. ".12! mol ( min *. !."" mol ( min 2. %he minimum amount o& energ# required to o+ercome the energ# ,arrier in a chemical reaction is the A. heat o& reaction. ). acti+ation energ#. C. -. o& the reactants. *. enthalp# o& the products. $. An acti+ated comple/ is a chemical species that is A. sta,le and has lo0 1.. ). sta,le and has high 1.. C. unsta,le and has lo0 1.. *. unsta,le and has high 1.. 2. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction mechanism: 3tep 1: 2NO + H2 N2 + H2O2 3tep 2: H2O2 + H2 2H2O 4n this reaction H2 is a A. product. ). catal#st. C. reactant.

*. reaction intermediate. !. A certain reaction is a,le to proceed ,# +arious mechanisms. .ach mechanism has a di&&erent .a and results in a di&&erent o+erall rate. 5hich o& the &ollo0ing ,est descri,es the relationship ,et0een the .a +alues and the rates6

7. Consider the following P diagram!

"he forward reaction can #e descri#ed as H $k%& + 2" + 2" 8 2" 8 2" Activati n T!"e # Energ! $k%& 'eacti n '" endothermic 7" e/othermic '" e/othermic 1"" endothermic

A. ). C. *.

9. %he slo0est o& the &ollo0ing reactions is A. Ag(aq)+ + Cl8(aq) AgCl(s) ) ). H$O+(aq) + OH8(aq) 2H2O(l C C. $)a2+(aq) + 21O2$8(aq) )a$(1O2)2(s) *. Cu(s) + 2Ag+(aq) Cu2+(aq) + 2Ag(s) '. %he rate o& a chemical reaction is equal to the slope o& a graph 0ith the a/es la,elled x(axis y(axis A. time rate ). mass time C. +olume o& gas time *. time concentration :. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction: CH2(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) + heat %he diagram 0hich represents the relationship ,et0een rate and temperature is:

1". 5hich o& the &ollo0ing descri,es the energ# o& colliding particles as reacting molecules approach each other6 KE )E A. decreases increases ). increases decreases C. decreases remains constant *. remains constant increases

11. %he a+erage ;inetic energ# o& colliding particles can ,e increased ,# A. adding a catal#st. ). increasing pressure. C. increasing temperature. *. increasing reactant concentration. 12. $ su#stance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and may #e recovered unchanged at the end of the reaction is a%n& $. product. B. catalyst. C. activated comple'. (. reaction intermediate. )*. Consider the following P diagram for a reversi#le reaction!

+hich of the following descri#es this reaction, *irecti n A. ). C. *. re+erse &or0ard &or0ard re+erse Activati n Energ! $k%& $" 2" $" 2" H $k%& 8 1" 8 1" + 1" + 1"

12. +hich of the following can #e used to represent the rate of a reaction, $. g - . B. g - mol C. %g / min& - mol (. 0 - min

1!. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction: 2H2O2(l) 2H2O(l) + O2(g) 5hich graph sho0s the relationship ,et0een rate o& consumption o& H2O2 and time6

17. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction: <g(s) + 2HCl(aq) H2(g) + <gCl2(aq) %he rate o& this reaction increases 0hen more magnesium is added. %his change is caused ,# the A. addition o& a catal#st. ). increase in sur&ace area. C. change in nature o& the reactants. *. increase in concentration o& reactants. 19. A catal#st changes the rate o& a reaction ,# A. changing H. ). increasing the temperature. C. decreasing the energ# o& the products. *. pro+iding an alternate reaction mechanism.

1'. 5hich graph sho0s the relationship ,et0een acti+ation energ# (.a) and temperature6

1:. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction: CH2(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) At a certain temperature 1." mol CH2 is consumed in 2." minutes. %he rate o& production o& H2O is A. ".2! mol ( min ). ".!" mol ( min C. 2." mol ( min *. '." mol ( min 2". %he changes in 1. and -. as reactant molecules approach each other can ,e represented ,#

21. Consider the &ollo0ing 1. diagram:

+hich of the following descri#es this reaction, H $k%& 8 2" 8 2" + 2" + 2" Activati n Energ! $k%& 2" 7" 2" 7" 'eacti n catal#=ed catal#=ed uncatal#=ed uncatal#=ed

A. ). C. *.

22. $ chemical reaction that gives off energy is $. e'othermic and H is positive. B. e'othermic and H is negative. C. endothermic and H is positive. (. endothermic and H is negative. 2$. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction in+ol+ing 1." g o& po0dered =inc: >n(s) + 2HCl(aq) >nCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Trial 1 2 3 Temperature ( C) 40 20 40 Concentration of HCl (M) 3.0 3.0 6.0

%he rates in order o& &astest to slo0est are A. 1 2 $ ). 2 1 $

C. $ 1 2 *. $ 2 1 12. Acti+ation energ# can ,e descri,ed as the A. energ# o& motion. ). energ# o& the acti+ated comple/. C. energ# di&&erence ,et0een the reactants and the products. *. energ# di&&erence ,et0een the reactants and the acti+ated comple/. 2!. 4ncreasing the temperature o& a reaction increases the reaction rate ,# 4. increasing &requenc# o& collisions 44. increasing the ;inetic energ# o& collision 444. decreasing the potential energ# o& collision A. ). C. *. 4 onl#. 4 and 44 onl#. 44 and 444 onl#. 4 44 and 444.

27. Consider the graph &or the &ollo0ing reaction: CaCO$(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

%he a+erage rate o& reaction is greatest in the time inter+al A. " 8 1 minute. ). " 8 2 minutes. C. " 8 $ minutes. *. " 8 2 minutes. 29. Consider the &ollo0ing mechanism &or a reaction: 3tep 1: H)r + O2 HOO)r 3tep 2: H)r + HOO)r 2HO)r 3tep $: 2HO)r + 2H)r 2)r2 + 2H2O 5hich o& the &ollo0ing statements is correct6

A. )r2 is a reactant. ). H)r is a product. C. HO)r is a catal#st. *. HOO)r is a reaction intermediate. 2'. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction: >n(s) + 2HCl(aq) >nCl2(aq) + H2(g) A graph o& concentration o& HCl +s time could ,e represented ,#

2:. Consider the &ollo0ing e/periments each in+ol+ing equal masses o& =inc and 1"." m? o& acid:

%he rate o& reaction in order &rom &astest to slo0est is A. 4 @ 44 @ 444 ). 44 @ 4 @ 444 C. 444 @ 4 @ 44 *. 444 @ 44 @ 4

$1. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction mechanism: 3tep 1: ClO8 + H2O HClO + OH8 3tep 2: 48 + HClO H4O + Cl8 3tep $: H4O + OH8 4O8 + H2O %he catal#st is A. 4O8 ). H2O C. ClO8 *. HClO $2. %he rate8determining step in a reaction mechanism is al0a#s the A. last step. ). &irst step. C. &astest step. *. slo0est step $$. %he addition o& a catal#st to an e/othermic reaction increases the rate o& the reaction ,ecause it decreases the A. H ). acti+ation energ# C. H and the acti+ation energ# *. acti+ation energ# and the amount o& energ# released. +se the # ll ,ing " tential energ! diagram t ans,er -uesti n .4/

$2. %he a,o+e energ# diagram represents a &our step reaction mechanism. 5hich is the rate determining step6 A. 1

). 2 C. $ *. 2 $!. Consider the &ollo0ing two3step reaction mechanism! 4tep )! 2 + 2 56 7 56* %slow& 4tep 1! 56* + C6 561 + C61 %fast& +hich one of the following changes would result in the greatest increase in reaction rate, $. increase 8C69 B. decrease 8569 C. increase 85619 (. decrease 856*9 $7. 5hich o& the &ollo0ing &actors a&&ects the rate o& heterogeneous reactions ON?A6 A. 1resence o& a catal#st. ). %emperature o& the reactants. C. 3ur&ace area o& reactants. *. Concentration o& reactants. $9. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction: CaCO$(s) + 2HCl(aq) CO2(g) + CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + heat 4n 0hich o& the &ollo0ing 0ill )O%H o& the descri,ed procedures cause an increase in the rate at 0hich products are &ormed6 A. 4ncrease BHClC and decrease pressure. ). 4ncrease BHClC and increase temperature. C. 4ncrease BHClC and decrease temperature. *. Drind up the CaCO$ and decrease temperature. $'. %he &ollo0ing equation represents the reaction ,et0een copper metal and aqueous sil+er nitrate solution: Cu(s) + 2AgNO$(aq) Cu(NO$)2(aq) + 2Ag(s) ,ro0n colorless ,lue gre# solid solution solution solid 5hich o& the &ollo0ing properties 0ould ).3% monitor the rate o& this reaction6 A. Concentration o& NO$8(aq) ). Das pressure. C. Color o& the solution. *. <ass o& the s#stem. $:. (ust particles suspended in the air inside unheated grain elevators can sometimes

react e'plosively #ecause the dust particles have a $. high :inetic energy. B. high activation energy. C. catalytic effect on the reaction. (. large surface area for the reaction. 2". Consider the &ollo0ing collisions each occurring at the same temperature:

+hich one of the following factors e'plains why collision one is successful while collision two is not successful, $. Catalyst. B. ;eometry. C. Concentration. (. <inetic energy. Use the following diagram to answer questions 41 and 42

2). 4elect the true statement concerning the a#ove potential energy diagram.

$. "he cataly=ed reaction has a larger H. B. "he uncataly=ed reaction has a larger H. C. "he cataly=ed reaction has a greater rate of reaction. (. "he uncataly=ed reaction has a greater rate of reaction. 21. +hich point on the diagram a#ove represents the potential energy of the activated comple' formed in the uncataly=ed reaction, $. > B. >> C. >>> (. >? 2$. %he class that #ou attend e+er# %uesda# and %hursda# &rom 7:2! to ::2! pm and 0ouldnEt miss &or the 0orld (e+en on Hallo0een and Christmas) is A. %ric; or %reating 12 ). 3anta 12 C. Chemistr# 12 *. )ite <e 12 22. %he instructor &or this course is A. %he Drinch ). Fac; O. ?antern C. <r. Cho# *. .aster )unn# Part B: Written Response Value: 26 marks Suggested Time: 40 minutes 01ST'+CT021S: Aou 0ill ,e e/pected to communicate #our ;no0ledge and understanding o& chemical principles in a clear and logical manner. Aour steps and assumptions leading to a solution must ,e 0ritten in the spaces ,elo0 the questions. Ans0ers must include units 0here appropriate and ,e gi+en to the correct num,er o& signi&icant &igures. 3 r -uesti ns inv lving calculati n4 #ull marks ,ill 12T 5e given # r "r viding nl! an ans,er/ 1. Consider the &ollo0ing reaction mechanism: 3tep 1 3tep 2 3tep $ 3tep 2 6 H2 + Cl HCl + H H + Cl2 HCl + Cl Cl + Cl Cl2

O+erall a) 5rite the equation &or 3tep 1.

H2 + Cl2 2HCl $2 marks&

,) *e&ine the term Greaction intermediateH and identi&# the reaction intermediate(s) in the a,o+e reaction mechansim. $2 marks&

1. $n e'periment is done to determine the rate of the following reaction! 1$l%s& 7 @HCl%aq& *H1%g& 7 1$lCl*%aq&

a& Calculate the rate of formation of H1 in mol-min. !2 mar"s#

#& Calculate the rate of consumption of $l in g-sec. !2 mar"s#

*. Consider the following reaction! CaC6*%s& 7 1H7%aq& Ca17%aq& 7 H16%l& 7 C61%g& a& .ist four factors that would increase the rate of the a#ove reaction. !4 mar"s# i. ii. iii. iv. #& Using collision theory, e'plain how each of these four factors increase the rate of the reaction. !4 mar"s# i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

2. Consider this reaction! 0gC6*%s& 7 1HCl%aq& 0gCl1%aq& 7 H16%l& 7 C61%g& 4uggest two properties which could #e used to determine the rate of this reaction, and state what would happen to each property as the reaction proceeds. !4 mar"s# i.

ii.

A. (escri#e the relationship #etween activation energy and the rate of a chemical reaction. !2 mar"s#

7. Consider the following potential energy diagram for a reversi#le reaction!

a& Calculate the activation energy for the forward reaction. !1 mar"#

#& Calculate H for the forward reaction. !1 mar"#

c& Calculate the activation energy for the reverse reaction. !1 mar"#

d& 6n the diagram a#ove, s:etch a curve that could result when a catalyst is added. !1 mar"#

Part C: Bonus Question ). Consider the following < distri#ution curve for colliding

particles! a) On the diagram a,o+e s;etch a line &or the distri,ution o& collisions at a higher temperature. $2 marks& * ,) 3hade in the area representing the collisions that could result in &orming an acti+ated comple/ at the lo0er temperature. $6 mark&