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Chemistry Name : Elizabeth Wu Period ___ Date ___/___/___

Moles, Molecules, and Grams Lab


h e M o l e C o n c e ! t " n i t #

$s %e&'e already discussed in class, it&s easy to ma(e con'ersions bet%een moles, molecules/)ormula units, and *rams+ ,or e-am!le, i) %e %ant to *o )rom moles to *rams, %e use the molar mass to ma(e this con'ersion+ .) %e %ant to *o )rom moles to molecules, %e use $'o*adro&s number, or /+01 2013+ ,inally, i) %e %ant to *o )rom *rams to molecules/)ormula units, %e 4ust use a t%o ste! !rocess %here %e )irst con'ert )rom *rams to moles, and then )rom moles to molecules/,+"+ 5isually, it loo(s li(e this: Molar mass Grams "nits /+01 - 2013 Moles Molecules/,ormula

.n this lab, %e %ill be %ei*hin* out )i'e di))erent substances then )indin* out ho% many moles and molecules/,+"+ o) each one %e ha'e+ Prelab: .) you measure out 16+0 *rams o) Na78 in this lab, ho% many moles o) Na78 %ould you ha'e9 8o% many )ormula units9 2 mole 16* - ________ : 0+/16 moles #0* Lab: .n this lab, there are )i'e di))erent balances set u!, each o) %hich has a labeled substance in a little 4ar ne-t to it+ ;our 4ob is to )ind out ho% many moles and ho% many molecules o) each substance are in the canister+ <ome in)ormation you mi*ht )ind use)ul: = sand = ba(in* soda >Na8C73? = chal( >CaC73? = table salt >NaCl? = su*ar: sucrose >C21811722? Ma(e sure that your lab has a data table that contains the )ollo%in*: = he name o) each o) these substances = he )ormula )or each o) these substances = he molar mass o) each o) these substances = he mass in *rams o) each o) these substances+ When you are done %ei*hin* each material, calculate the number o) moles o) each material, and the number o) molecules o) each one, and !ut them in the ri*ht s!ace+ $ll calculations must be sho%n on lined !a!er %ith all con'ersion )actors and unit cancellin*+

Data able:

Name Sand Baking Soda Chalk Table Salt Sugar: Sucrose


!lastic bo%l: 1+##3 *

Formula = = = = =
<i71 Na8C73 CaC73 NaCl C21811722

Molar Mass (g/mol) 60.08 84.01 100.1 58.44 342.3 1.972 0.985 2.561 1.747 1.819

Mass (g)

Calculations: "sin* your data, )ind the )ollo%in* 'alues+ Ma(e sure to sho% all %or( and %rite all numbers %ith the correct si*ni)icant )i*ures+ 2 a+ Number o) moles o) sand: 0+031@ moles 2+AB1* ____________ : 0+031@ moles /0+0@ */mole

b. Number o) molecules o) sand: 2+AB - 20C11 moles o) sand


0+031@ moles o) sand - >/+01 - 20C13? : 2+AB - 20C11 moles o) sand

1a+ Number o) moles o) ba(in* soda: 0.0117 moles

0.985g __________ = 0.0117 moles 84.01 g/mole

b. Number o) )ormula units o) ba(in* soda: B+0# - 20C12 moles o) ba(in* soda
0+022B moles o) ba(in* soda - >/+01 - 20C13? : B+0# - 20C12 moles o) ba(in* soda

3+ Number o) )ormula units o) chal(: 2+6# - 20C11 8int: <trin* t%o con'ersions to*ether 0+016/ - /+01 - 20C13 : 2+6# - 20C11

#+ Number o) )ormula units o) salt: 2+@0 - 20C11 0+01AA - /+01 - 20C13 : 2+@0 - 20C11

6+ Number o) molecules o) su*ar: 3+10 - 20C12 0+00632 - /+01 - 20C13 : 3+10 - 20C12

Post Lab Duestions: 2+ Which o) the materials %e %or(ed %ith had the lar*est number o) molecules/)ormula units9 Was this the material that had the lar*est %ei*ht9 Why9 Chal(, yes, because the more molecules you ha'e in one mole o) a *i'en substance, the more mass you %ill ha'e o) that substance+

1+ Water has a molecular )ormula o) 817+ .) . ha'e 60+0 * o) %ater, ho% many moles o)
%ater do . ha'e9 8o% many molecules9 60+0* ___________ - /+01 - 20C13 : 2+// - 20C1# 2@+2 */moles E E E E E E E E EE EE EEE EE E E E EE E E E moles: 1+B/ moles molecules: 2+// - 20C1#

3+ Futane has a molecular )ormula o) C#820+ .) . ha'e 60+0 *rams o) butane, ho% many
moles o) natural *as do . ha'e9 8o% many molecules9 60+0* __________ - /+01 - 20C13 : 6+2@ - 20C13 6@+21 */mol moles: 0+@/0 moles molecules: 6+2@ - 20C13

#+ . had the same %ei*ht o) %ater and butane in !roblems 3 and #+ Why didn&t the
ans%er come out the same9 E-!lain+

heir molecular masses %ere di))erent and so the numbers o) moles and molecules %on&t be the same+

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