21.70: Examining the forces: .

0 cos and 0 sin

e
= = = = mg T F F T F
y x

So
2
2
e cos
sin
d
kq

mg
F = = But ( ) . tan
3 1
2
2 3
2
0
2 2
mg
L q
mg
L kq
L
d
d d = = ~
21.86: a) On the x-axis:
}
=
+
=
+
=
a
x x
x r a a
Qdx

E
r a
dq

dE
0
2
0
2
0
) ( 4
1
) ( 4
1

0 And .
1 1
4
1
0
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

y
E
r a r a
Q

.
b) .

1 1
4
1 1 1
4
1
then , If
0 0
i E F
|
|
.
|

\
|

= =
|
|
.
|

\
|

= = +
x a x a
qQ

q
x a x a
Q

E x r a


c) ~ ~ + + = = >>

2
1
) 1 1 ( ) 1 ) 1 (( , For
x
kqQ
x a
ax
kqQ
x a
ax
kqQ
F a x
point a like looks on distributi Charge .) , for that Note ( .
4
1
2
0
x a x r a x
r
qQ

~ = >>
from far away.

21.72: a) Free body diagram as in 21.71. Each charge still feels equal and opposite electric forces.
b) . N 0285 . 0 20 sin so N 0834 . 0 20 cos
1
2
2 1
r
q kq
T F mg T
e
= = = = = (Note:
m.) 342 . 0 m)sin20 500 . 0 ( 2
1
= = r
c) From part (b), . C 10 71 . 3
2 13
2 1

= q q
d) The charges on the spheres are made equal by connecting them with a wire, but we still
have
2
2
2
0
4
1
e
N 0453 . 0 tan
r
Q

mg F = = = where .
2
2 1
q q
Q
+
= But the separation
2
r is known:
m) 500 . 0 ( 2
2
= r m. 500 . 0 30 sin = Hence: 2
2
0 2
4
2 1
r F Q
e
q q
= =
+
. C 10 12 . 1
6
= This
equation, along with that from part (b), gives us two equations in
1
q and
C 10 24 . 2 .
6
2 1 2

= + q q q and . C 10 70 . 3
2 13
2 1

= q q By elimination, substitution and after
solving the resulting quadratic equation, we find: C 10 06 . 2
6
1

= q and C 10 80 . 1
7
2

= q .
21.67:
= = 48.6 so 00 . 2 50 . 1 sin
Opposite charges attract and like charges repel.
0
2 1
= + =
x x x
F F F

N 1680 so N 6 . 842
N 6 . 842 sin
N 10 124 . 1
m) (0.0200
C) 10 C)(10.0 10 00 . 5 (
2 1 2
1 1
3
2
6 6
2 1
= + = =
= =
=

=
'
=

y y y y
y
F F F F
F F
k
r
q q
k F

(in the direction from the C - 00 . 5 + charge toward the C - 00 . 5 charge).
b)
The y components have zero moment arm and therefore zero torque.

x
F
1
and
x
F
2
both produce clockwise torques.
N 1 . 743 cos
1 1
= = F F
x

m, N 22.3 m) 0150 . 0 )( ( 2
1
= =
x
F clockwise


21.31: a) Passing between the charged plates the electron feels a force upward, and just misses
the top plate. The distance it travels in the y-direction is 0.005 m. Time of flight
s 10 25 . 1
8
s m 10 60 . 1
m 0200 . 0
6

= = = t and initial y-velocity is zero. Now,

. s m 10 40 . 6 s) 10 25 . 1 ( m 005 . 0 so
2 13 2 8
2
1
2
2
1
0
= = + =

a a at t v y
y
But also
. C N 364
C 10 60 . 1
) s m 10 40 . 6 kg)( 10 11 . 9 (
19
2 13 31
= = = =

E a
e
m
eE
m
F

b) Since the proton is more massive, it will accelerate less, and NOT hit the plates. To find the
vertical displacement when it exits the plates, we use the kinematic equations again:
m. 10 73 . 2 s) 10 25 . 1 (
2
1
2
1
6 2 8
p
2
= = =
m
eE
at y
c) As mention in b), the proton will not hit one of the plates because although the electric
force felt by the proton is the same as the electron felt, a smaller acceleration results for the more
massive proton.
d) The acceleration produced by the electric force is much greater than g; it is reasonable to
ignore gravity.