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Indian Standard

GUIDEFORDRAFTINGAND PRESENTATIONOFINDIANSTANDARD (Third Revision )

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DESCRIPTORS

: WRITING RULES. COMMUNICATION SKILLS. STANDARDS STYLE ( WRITING >. TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION.

BIS 1990 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

@

MANAK

BHAVAN,

9 BAHADUR NEW DELHI

SHAH 110002

ZAFAR

MARG

fmr0t/Septmber

1990

%FU &/Price

Group 11

BIS Directorate

Standards

Sectional Committee,

EC 5

f+nf w! CONTENTS
PAGE

w?ik dVrT 6itW ait7 dww Ttc;u wm lPART 1 DRAFTING AND EDITORIAL PRACTICE

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SCOPE REFERENCES

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Section 1 General Gnidance on Drafting w?w GENERAL aq%W +k J9f?YTW CLASSIFICATION AND SUBDIWSION

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Section 2 Editorial and Typographical Style

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DETAILED CONVENTIONS Tivri;r;,qTrt

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STYLE AND LAYOUT FORNUMERALS, UNITS AND MATHEMATICAL MATERIAL . . . . . . . . tiipifm 10 . . *. . . 10 AMENDMENTS wcl 2 wQ8w wrsaT if 3wRfaz5-13 WWJ 63 814;1111 PART 2 ADOPTION OF INTERNATIONAL INDIAN STANDARDS STANDARDS IN

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49 49

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GENERAL GUIDANCEON ADOPTION OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDSAND DRAFTINGOF CORR.ESPOMDLNG INDIAPJ STANDARDS . .

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50
51 ( Contd. )

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CLASSIFICATION AND SUBDIVISION

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PRESENTATION sV?qT ?iETTI iF78 t fSiiF Wf SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF DRAFTING +i%Vr A~~ENDMENTS

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. . . . 9 DETAILED CONVENTIONS . . 10 $!??t;F;, $%T$3fvTISfq?i?S TTT@? +t &I? 3if7 fq;4TB . . i0 STYLE AND LAYOUT FOR NUMERALS, UNITY AND MATHEMATICAL MATERNAL . .
ANNEX

;6 57 57 67

SfifqF %' FiS3t t FCF % f<iF ;syT% ++i Yl73h sT;r%-? ft FJ=i? A LIST OF REFERREDINDIAN STANDARDS
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS.

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ANNEX C

EXAMPLEOF LAYOUT OF A TYPESCRIPT

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This Indian Standard ( Third ;Reyision >. was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on 18 January 1988, after the draft finalized by the BIS Directorate Standards Sectional Committee had been approved by the Executive:Committ&e.
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,The object of this s?anc!ard,is to ensure uniformity in style and presentation and to develop, a standard practice in the drafting of standard specifications, test niethods, codes of practice guides, reports and similar other documents, published by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Evei thou& the prime object in preparing this guide has been to meet the specific needs of BIS, the,guide may also be found useful by writers and authors as well as other organizations engaged in similar activity. SC TiCfm%T 1949 3 CT@ qT7 HTT?l?VTT;T+i, ?Wi?;r;? SifhFT TqT F9 SFfiTWT% Sd?? d4T7 m73 FTqT
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 ( iii ) The present revision has been taken up in order to update the guide in the light of experience gained in its usage in the last 24 years and to align it with the latest practices being followed in the field at the international level and in many. other countries. Guidelines for presentation of Indian Standatds,adopted,from the International Standards have also been included in this revision. This standard has been divided into the the following two parts: Part 1 Drafting and editorial practice Part 2 Adoption of International Standards in Indian Standards ??J titim;F;T +%;t +Tli %T% 3 fTWfkTfq?f WTWi? 8 FfcTtl?TT Fi? VTf $ :

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In preparing this guide considerable assistance has been derived from the following publications: IS0 directives for the technical work of IS0 1982. International Organization for Standardization. ISO/IEC Guide 3-1981 Identification of national standards that are equivalent to international lnternational Organization for Standardization. standards. ISO/IEC Guide 21-1981 Adoption of international standards in national standards. International Organization for Standardization. Guide to the drafting of IEC documents, 1961. International El-ectrotechnical Commission. BS 0 : Part 4 : 1975 A standard for standards : Part 4 BSI editorial practice. British Standards Institution. IEC/ISO Rules for the drafting and presentation of International Standards

1)

2)
3)
4) 5) 6)

7) 8)

9)

IS 12 : 1988

( FmT g;rth
Indian Standard

GUIDE FOR DRAFTING AND PRESENTATION OF INDIAN STANDARDS

( Third Reviszbn ) YTsC1 wik as17 w;TwaiPT iiwz? T?fa
AND EDITORIAL 1 SCOPE 1.1 This standard ( Part 1 ) provides guidance on drafting and editorial practice to be followed in the preparation of Indian Standards. It also covers details of style, method of presentation, typography and preparation of manuscripts. 1.2 The contents of this part have been divided in the following two sections: PRACTICE PART 1 DRAFTING

Section 1 General guidance on drafting Section 2 Editorial and typographical style 2

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2 REFERENCES
2.1

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The Indian Standards listed in Annex A are necessary adjuncts to this standard.
SECTION 1 GENERAL
DRAFTING 3 GENERAL GUIDANCE 0~

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In preparing the draft, care shall be taken to ensure that the standard is not at variance with the contents of Indian Standards already published. In case, for sound reasons, a &parture becomes necessary, action shall be initiated to examine and reconcile the difference(s).
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3.2

Standards

shall

be

so

worded

that

it

is

possible to use them as a basis of contract, but should not normally include contractual clauses of a non-technical character.
NOTE-In certain standards, it becomes necessary to retain certain number of provisions of a nontechnical character, such as inspection clauses, delivery of supplies, etc. Insofar as they are related to the determination of quality of goods, they may be retained, if considered desirable.

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4 CLASSIFICATION

AND SUBDIVISION

4.1 Classfication 4.1.1 Series There are two separate series of technical publications issued by BIS,the general series of Indian Standards which uses the prefix IS and a series of special publications which uses the prefix SP.
4.1.2 Designation of Publications

Both general series and the special series of ~publications shall be designated with the help of sequential numbers prefixed by IS of SP, as the case may be, followed by the year of adoption. The prefix and the number shall be separated by thin space in printing and single space in typewriting and the number and the year shall be separated by a colon.
Example:

IS 1785 ( Part 1 ) : 1983, IS 1885 (apart 521 Set 14 ) : 1983, IS 7298 : 1973. The prefix for special publications include other ~distinguishing features.
Example:

may

also

SP 4 : 1969, SP ( S & T ) 16 : 1980 4.1.2.1 The designation of the publication shall appear on each page, on the top right-hand corner of odd numbered pages and the top left-hand corner of even numbered pages. 4.X2.2 The number of a particular standard shall be retained in its successive revisions.
NOTEA new number will, however, be necessary if a revision substantially alters the scope or contents of the previous version of the standard.

4.2 Subdivisions of a Standard Standards differ from one another in content, complexity and size. This clause describes the framework within which the content of most standards can be arranged in a consistent and logical manner, thereby aiding comprehension and facilitating reference to the text. Care shall be taken that ideas having the same status are grouped/classified at the same level and that a given idea is not split into too many unnecessary subdivisions. However, not every standard contains all the degrees of subdivision described in 4.2.1 to 4.2.8.

IS 12 : 1988 4.2.1 Part

Whenever required, Indian Standards may be published in parts. All the parts of an Indian Standard shall bear the same IS number. In such cases, each part shall carry the part number in Hindu-Arabic numerals in both the designation and the title. Subtitles shall be given for each part. The designation Part should not normally be used as an internal subdivision of a standard.

Example:

IS 7874 ( Part 1 ) : 1975 Methods of tests for animal feeds and feeding stuffs : Part 1 General methods. 4.2.2 Section 4.2.2.1 A section may either be a portion of a part of a standard, of more limited scope that the part, or an internal subdivision of a standard. 4.2.2.2 In cases where the section is a separately published portion of a part of a standard, each publication should carry the part number and the section number in Hindu-Arabic numerals in both the designation and the title. It is also desirable to give a separate subtitle for each section below the subtitle of the part.
Example:

IS 1885 ( Part 52iSec 6 > : 1980 Electrotechnical vocabulary : Part 52 Data processing, Section 6 Preparation and handling of data. 4.2.2.3 A section may also be an internal subdivision used to group a series of clauses to indicate a special relationship between the clauses grouped in this way. The number of the section shall be written in Hindu-Arabic numerals preceded by the word SECTION, for example, SECTION 1. Each section should preferably have a subtitle.
NOTE --Items in a standard shall be numbered sequentially subdivision into sectioos. containing sections irrespective of the

4.2.3 Item It is a major subdivision of the subject matter of a standard. Items of a standard shall be numbered sequentially with Hindu-Arabic numerals. The numbering sequence shall not be affected by the internal subdivision into parts and/or sections (see 4.2.2.3). Each item shall have its title placed after the number. Any text following the item title shall be placed in the line below it. 4.2.3.1 The digit 0 shall be used in a clause number when it is intended to give a general introduction to ideas expressed in the text that follows. 3

4.2.4Clause It is a subdivision of the item, namely, a major aspect, of the subject matter of the item meriting a separate identity. Clauses shall be numbered in Hindu-Arabic numerals and shall contain two numbers separated by a point, the first number being the number of the item and the second being that of the clause, numbered in consecutive order.

Each clause should preferably be given a title which shall be placed immediately after its number. If the clause contains any text, it shall be placed in the line below it.

NOTES 1 The use of titles should preferably be consistent that is, all clauses within a given item should bear a title. 2 The term clause may be used as a generic term while referring to an item, a clause, a subclause or a sub-subclause.

4.2.5Subclause

of a clause, that is, an aspect of the subject-matter of a clause requiring separate treatment and identity. Subclauses shall be numbered in Hindu-Arabic numerals and shall contain three numbers separated by two points. the first two numbers being those of the item and clause respectively and the last one being that of the subclause numbered in consecutive order. Each subclause will preferably be given a title which shall be placed immediately after its number. The textual matter shall be placed in line below in case the title is given.

It is a subdivision

4.2.6 Sub-subclause
It

is a subdivision of a subclause, requiring separate treatment and identity. It shall be numbered in Hindu-Arabic numerals and shall contain four numbers separated by three points, the first three numbers being those of the item, clause and subclause, respectively, and the last one being that of the sub-subclause numbered in consecutive order. The textual matter shall be placed in the line below in case the title is given.

4.2.1 Paragraphs Paragraphs are unnumbered subdivisions of a clause, subclause, etc. Subdivisions into paragraphs should be resorted to when other modes of subdivision are not available or appropriate. 4.2.8 Annex
are placed after suitable references to them

Annexes

the main body and shall be made in the

IS 12 : 1988

text ( see 5.1.15 ). All annexes shall be designated by capital alphabetical letters in one consecutive order, omitting I, 0 and X. The reference of the clause number(s) in which annex(es) has/ have been referred shall appear in parentheses below the designation of the annex. Each annex shall have a title. The system for numbering subdivisions within the annex shall be the same as that used in the main body of the standard, with each number being preceded by the reference letter of the annex and a hyphen. Examples: 1)
2) T-1, q-2, T-2.1, 9-3.2.2, ANNEX A ( CIause 2.1 )

2) A-l, A-2, A-2.1, A-3.2.2, etc ( for Annex A ), B-l, B-3.2.1, etc ( for Annex B >. 5 PRESENTATION 5.0 General Every Indian Standard comprises a main body and may include other materials, such as table of contents, foreword, annexes, tables, figures and some may need an index. This clause gives guidance on sequence and presentaion of these elements. 5.1 General Elements of a Standard 5.1.1 Titles The wording of the title shall be established with the greatest care; while being as concise as possible, it shall indicate, without ambiguity, the subject-matter of the Indian Standard in su.ch a way as to distinguish it from that of other Indian without going into Standards, unnecessary details. Any necessary additional particulars shall be given in the Scope. The title shall be composed of separate each as short as possible, proceeding general to the particular. In general, than the following three elements shall An a> elements, from the not more be used:

introductory element indicating the general field to which the Indian Standard belongs ( this can often be based on the title of the Committee ). the principal subject treated within that general field.

b) A main element indicating d A complementary

element indicating a particular aspect of the principal subject or giving details which distinguish the document from other Indian Standards, or other parts of an Indian Standard.

5.1.1.1 The introductory

element is necessary

without it, the subject indicated element is not well-defined.

Example: Right a) Chemical Machinery

if, in the main

Wrong

a) b) Glossary of terms for crushers c)-

b) Crushers

c) Glossary of terms

5.1.1.2 If the main element together with the complementary element of the title unequivocally covers the subject treated in the Indian Standard, the introductory element shall be omitted.
Example: Right a) Wrong

a) Chemicals b) Sulphuric acid

b) Sulphuric acid c) Code of safety

c) Code of safety

5 1.1.3 The complementary element is necessary if the Indian Standard covers only one or a few aspects of the subject indicated in the main element, or if it is necessary to distinguish it from another Indian Standard. In the case of a standard published as a series of separate parts, the complementary element serves to distinguish and identify the parts ( the introductory element and the main element remaining the same for each part ).
Example:

IS 7440 ( Part 1 ) Semiconductor

devices ( element a )

ratings and Essential characteristics of analogue integrated circuits ( element b > Part 1 General format ( element c ) devices ( element a )

IS 7440 ( Part 2 ) Semiconductor

ratings and Essential characteristics of analogue integrated circuits ( element b ) Part 2 Telecommunication amplifiers ( element c ) If the indian Standard covers several aspects of the subject indicated in the main element, the 6

IS 12 : 1988

aspects covered shall be referred to by a general specification or mechanical term such as requirements and test methods rather than be enumerated one by one. The complementary element shall be omitted If the Indian Standard both -covers all essential aspects of the subject indicated in the main element, and -is ( and is intended to remain ) the only Indian Standard relating to this subject.

Example: Right a> Wrong a> _-

b) Ashtrays c) -

~b) Ashtrays symc) Terminology, bols, material, dimensions, mechanical properties, rated values, methods of test packaging.
of unintentional limitation of

5.1.1.4 Avoidance the scope

The title shall not contain details which might risk implying an unintentional limitation of the scope of the Indian Standard. However, if the Indian Standard pertains to a specific type of product, this fact shall be reflected in the title.
Example:

Cinematography

- portable projectors,

16 mm.

5.1.2 Committee Composition The committee

5.1.3

composition

shall not be given.

Table of Contents

Indian Standards may be provided with a table of contents wherever considered desirable. The table of contents should list, as appropriate, sections, items, annexes, tables and figures, with the titles as given in the text. Subdivisions beyond the item level should preferably not be included in the table of contents of a standard. 5.1.4 Foreword
5.1.4.1

Foreword should contain such formal, clauses as are relevant to the needs of a standard, as suggested in the paragraphs given below. These clauses shall be numbered as prescribed in 4.2.3 to 4.2.6. The paragraphs are general in nature and should be suitably modified to meet the requirements of a particular standard:

a) This Indian Standard was adopted by the

Bureau -of Indian Standards on... . . . . . . . . . . . .-) after the draft finalized by the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ctt..al
NOTES

Committee had been approved . . . . . . . . . . ..Division Council.

i The date of approval by the Division Cou~il or its Chairman, shall be the date of adoption by BIS. 2 The words First Revision/Second Revision/ Third Revision shall be added, wherever applicable within parentheses after the words this Indian Standard in 5.1.4 (a).

b) In the formulation
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

of this standard, assistance has been derived from the following publications: the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
NOTE cations. This shall be given in material or specifi-

For c>

In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2 : 1960.
NOTE - This shall methods of test. be given in standards on

5.1.4.2 Where appropriate,

also state the following: The a>

the foreword

should

origin of the request of the standard.

b) Brief history of the standard. 4 Any special features in the standard. d) Other matters relevant to the standard,
such as: 1) reference to closely related standard(s);

2) mention of optionalclauses;
3) reference to any additional information given in an annex to which no reference appears in the body of the standard; and 4) reference to statutory regulations in the country, like the Indian Electricity Rules, and the Indian Boiler Regulations, etc.

IS 12;: 1988

C$espondence

with International

stgnd-

NOTE - The extent to which the Indian Standard corresponds to IS0 standard(s)/IEC publication(s) and any deviation(s) frog them should also be clearly brought out.

If the standard is a revision of an earlier version, the foreword. shall also include: reasons for revision, .and reference ,-to principal modifications with respect to the immediate previous version wherever: appropriate. Reference to clauses which call for agreement between the purchgser and the sup-,. plier or which permit the pnr&aser, tu use his option for selection to ,suit his requirements or which require the purchaser tosupply certain technical, information at the time of placing orders.
, 5.1.5 Scope

Every standard or separately published part&c-I tion of a standard shall contain a clear statemeht of the scope of the standard indicating:the fieIdl: covered by it. In a standard subdivided into?, sections, the scope covering allthe sections is _ _i , 1,, *a. ,I given as Item 1. I iThe scope shall be in accordance with the title?: and technical contents of the standard_ It shall_ define the extent and limitation of the standard. To avoid ambiguity in the interpretation of thet+ scope, it is sometimes useful to state explicitly f what is excluded. The scope clause should be sufficiently comprehensive: self-contained and inelusive to convey the subject-matter :of the.;[: standard. It shall be worded as a statement. and. shall not be used to specify any requirenients~ Forms of expression, such as the following.~rnay be used in drafting the scope: ,

This Indian Standard ( Part/Set ) :, specifies/covers. requirements for, the characteristics of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _. _. dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I.... . . . . . . . .: ... . . ...* describes methods of.:. . . . . . . .I. . . . . . . . the manner in which... . . . . . .
. . . , . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . ,

;_ ; ~_

.?:

establishes

the nomenclature
... ... . .. . .. . .. .. . . ..,

for . . . . . . . . . . .

a system for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.. . . . . . . . . . ,.. , etc. gives defines provides rules for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...*... terms for ..-....................., guidance on - . . . . .. . c. . . . . . . . *,,,.
I: .I

5.1.6

References

Every standard shall give a list of standards with their titles and publication date in the ascending order of their designation number to which reference is made in the text in such a way as to make them indispensable for the application of the standard. The list may also include the standards to which only informative reference is made.

5.1.7 Terminology, Definitions and Symbols Technical terms used in any standard shall be those defined in the relevant Indian Standard on terminology of the subject in question, if it exists. A reference should be made to it in the standard, prefaced by the words For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..shall apply. However, if a separate standard on terminology of a particular subject is not available, then in such cases, definitions may be included in the standard under reference prefaced by the words For the purpose of this standard, the following definition shall apply:. If in a standard some of the terms used are those defined in the relevant Indian Standard on terminology of a particular subject in question and certain additional terms are to be included in the standard, the terminology clause shall begin with the words For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..shall apply, in addition to the following:.
NOTE - To make the standard self-contained, the definitions may be reproduced as far as practicable.

5.1.7.1 Terms shall be listed in the alphabetical order or logical sequence as appropriate. 5.1.7.2 Definitions of the terms shall be unambiguous, precise and given in descriptive form.
Examples:

1) Die-Insert - A replaceable

liner for a die.

2) Rod- A round, square or hexagonal section supplied in straight lengths. 5.1.8 Grades, Types and Classes If grades, types and classes are to be separately specified, their designations should be included after terminology. 5.1.9 Requirement Requirement as possible. 10
Clauses

clauses shall be as self-contained

IS 12 : 1988 5.1.9.1Each requirement clause should preferably deal with one requirement and have a title stating clearly the~matter dealt tiith in the clause. 3.1.9.2 Requirement where necessary. Faust% SWll %tite tolerances

5.1.9.3Requirement clauses may, be obligatory, optional or recommendatory and informative, according to their operative character. The sequence of their appearance in a standard and their grouping shall be decided according to individual requirements. a) Obligatory clauses - Clauses deahng with requiremeuts conformity t6 tihich is obligatory. Such clauses may Be general or specific in character. 1) GeneraI requirement clauses - clauses dealing Cith cbmmoil requirements applicable to the subject-matter of the standard as a whole.
Exam$les:

i) Enamelled cast iron railway type water closets shad conform to the requirements of IS 772 : 1973. ii) Bricks or shapes shail be compact, of homogeneous structure and free from cracks and voids. 2) Specific requtfemenl cEauses - Clauses dealing with requirements covering a particular attribute of the material or requirement for a particular purpose.
E.xamples:

i) The total loss on ignition not more than 4 percent.

shall be

ii) Phosphor bronze wire, when used in the manufacture of springs, shall have the following composition:
Percent

Tin Phosphorus Lead Total impurities eluding lead Copper in-

30 to 45 002 to 040 &02, Max 0.2, Max Remainder

b) Optional or recommendatory clauses Clauses dealing with requirements of a non-obligatory or recommendatory character, conformity to which is left to the contracting parties. These clauses 11

may ter.

aiso be

general or specific in charac-

Examples:

1) If desired by the purchaser, an eyehook

for the handling of the column during transport and erection may be provided in the column at IOOmm below ground level on the face of the column so as to utilize the maximum flexural strength of the section during handling.

2) After selection and prior to fabrication/

erection, all structural timbers should be stored so as to prevent decay and renewed development of defects. A recommended practice for storing timber is given in Annex A.

3) Subject to prior agreement,

the supplier shall furnish such of the following additional information as may be required by the purchaser: a) Relative density, b) Bulk density,

4 Moisture content, 4 Absorption value,

Aggregate e> crushing gate impact value, value or aggre-

f) Abrasion value, g) Flakiness index, h) Elongation k) Potential and

c) Informative

index, materials, reactivity of aggregate,

j) Presence of deleterious

m) Soundness of aggregate.
clauses Clauses dealing with matter which is neither obligatory nor optional in character, but which is likelyto be helpful in selecting material or otherwise likely to enhance the usefulness of the standard. If not included elsewhere, such information may be given in the form of informative clauses (see Example 1 ) or as notes ( see Examples 2 and 3 ) to the relevant clauses of the standard. Informative clauses may also be either general or specific.

12

IS 12 : 1988 Examples:

0 4.1.1 A typical 2) NOTE-The

composition of the material of the wire is given in Annex B. apertures of BS Sieve 120 and ASTM Sieve 120 ( also known as 125 pm US Standard Sieve > are within the limits laid down for the specified IS test sieve and may, therefore, be used as 125-micron IS Sieve.

3) NOTEThe aperture of BS Sieve 8, though generally within the limits laid down for the specified IS test sieve, may slightly deviate from them in extreme cases; nevertheless, this BS test sieve may be used for routine purposes in place of the specified IS test sieve. In case of dispute, however, a test sieve within the limiting aperture sizes of the specified IS test sieve shall be used.

5.1.10 Samphg Product specifications should include sampling and inspection clauses to give general guidance in determining the quality of a lot as a whole without inspection of all the items in the lot individually. Sampling clauses should clearly describe:

4 definition of a lot, b) method of selection of samples from the c)

lot, number of tests - number of samples to be tested with respect to the various requirements of the specification, -and for acceptance - method of interpretation of test results for deciding the conformity of the lot as a whole to the requirements of the specification.

4 criterion

5.1.10.1 Where appropriate, sampling clauses may also be included in standards on methods of test. Where so included, the clauses should clearly state: 4 definition of a lot, b) method of selection of samples from the lot, number of tests - number of samples to 4 be tested with respect to each of the test method, and 4 report - method of interpretation of test results to report the quality characteristics of the lot as a whole.

13

IS 12 : 1988 5.1.11 whvl q@ %? mgsa

q&a $ +&3

wfasi
@, ??rT~ f~f?rfki
WmT $ VkPT e-kPT Wf5d VFW-WYT 9T;Td

5.1.11 Test Methods Wherever pertinent, test methods in product standards on specifcations or independent methods of test shall clearly describe, among ,other things:
a) preparation

3 q~;q qT?ji $7 BTzT-FTT$

f;rWfTfRT F4W FT 8 BFTTETT

of sample; indicating temneraand preisure, *with

b) standard atmosphere, ture, relative himidity tolerances; apparatus; c>

4 f)

materials

and reagents:

e) test procedure; method amples of evaluation of results, where necessary: with ex-

id
h)

form of report of results, inclllding methods of presentation of data in the form of graphs, diagrams, etc; and precision of tests, wherever possible.

5.1.11.1 Test methods in product specifications may, if brief. be included in specification clauses; otherwise, they may be given as annexes in the order of their references in the standard.

51.12

Designation of Standardized Items

Where appropriate a clause specifying the method of designation of standardized items should be given. 5.1.13 Marking

Product specifications should generally contain marking clauses to indicate the manufacturers name, date of manufacture, type, grade, etc. 5.1.13.1 Where it is appropriate and considered essential that the name plate of an equipment, requires reference to an Indian Standard, the reference shall be made as illustrated below: Ref IS 2161 or Ref IS 2161 : 1982 5.1.14 Packing and Packaging

Where necessary and appropriate,. product specifications shall contain a clause glvmg details of packing or packaging or both.
NOTE - The sequence of clauses on marking, and packmg and packaging in a product specification is interchangeable depending on the situation. If necessary, theqe clauses may also be combined.

5.1.15 Annexes Annexes are integral part standard which for reasons placed after the main body. 14 of the body of convenience, of a are

IS 12 : 1988 5.1.X5.1 CT?%al;Toq% ST QTE%Tq?i? 3 a@

;r 53 ii JF6-t

5.1.15.1 Every

;r ;F;@J&a

f;f;4T 3TqT

Wfcy

I WV5

srkzrfa ?k$ $7 srFfer 7-i f;r+c si?i-l 8 I

annex should be referred to somewhere in the text. Their status depends upon the nature of reference to them in the standard.
Examples:

1) 17hen tested in accordance

with Annex B the density of the material shall be not greater than 105 nor less than 097 at 27 f 1C.

2) The typical materials that are used in the

manufacture of other given in Annex B. components
3) A recommended

dare

scheme for sampling and acceptance criteria for oil pressure stoves is given in Annex B.

5.1.15.2 Annexes

may cover a wide range of subject matter, for example, methods of test, conversion factors or tables, charts, extracts from other standards, dimensions of test pieces, etc. As a general rule the methods of test which are necessary to ascertain the compliance of the product with the requirements of a specification, particularly those of any length or complexity, should be placed in annexes. Annexes should be arranged in the sequence of reference in the standard unless grouping by subject matter is more appropriate.

5.1.16 Notes

In the text of Indian Standards, notes should be limited to those essential to the immediate understanding of the text. They should be brief and placed adjacent to the text to which they refer or, if this is not possible, closely associated by rcferencc. Any notes referred to at several places should appear as footnotes. Notes should never be used in the text to state the requirements of a standard.

5.1.16.1 Footnotes

In general, footnotes should be avoided if they alter or qualify what is state in the main text It is often possible to integrate the footnote material with the text.

5.1.17 Tables

Tables shall be used wherever tabular presentation would eliminate repetition or show a relationship clearly. Tables may be of the formal 15

and informal types. The formal type should be used where a large amount of data is presented and/or referred to elsewhere in the text. The informal type should be used where a small amount of material is presented as an integral part of the preceding text. Every formal table shall be referred to in the text of the standard, preferably in numerical sequence, with appropriate wording to establish relevance and status.

5.1.18 Illustrations
Diagrams, maps, graphs, photographs and ~drawings shall be used wherever it is thus possible to illustrate an idea more clearly, concisely and accurately. Illustrations can also serve to replace extensive textual matter and clarify in more detail the requirements specified in the text. Those that are called up in the text as an integral part of a requirement may themselves include requirements that are inseparably linked to details in the illustration. Where practicable, illustrations also serve to illustrate provisions in the text by providing examples. In such cases they should not restrict the options available for fulfilling the requirements of the standard, or conversely, override them.

5.1.18.1 In preparing

illustrations, recommendations contained in relevant Indian Standards on drawing practices shall be followed. of India or any part of the country inclusion in Publications of BIS prior of the Director, Map Publication, India, Dehra Dun shall be obtained.

For maps meant for approval Survey of

5.1.18.2 Preparation of illustrations The following instructions shall be followed in preparing illustrations for line blocks, halftone blocks, litho or offset plates: a) Lettering - The lettering in the original copy an illustration shall be large enough to be legible when its size is appropriately reduced for reproduction. This may often require disproportionately large lettering on the original drawings.

16

IS : 12 1988

bj

Line bldcks - These should be employed for all line drawings including graphs, diagrams, etc. Drawings for line blocks should be prepared on thick white drawing paper or tracing cloth and inked and lettered in Indian ink. Graphs may be prepared in Indian ink on Bristol board; drawing paper or on blue cross-section paper with major division lines drawn in Indian ink.

Colour wash or colour lines and pencil shades should be replaced, where possible, by hatching in dot, dash, dot-dash, continuous thin lines, or otherwise and meaning of these hatching shall be clearly defined on the drawing where necessary.

c) Halj-lone

block - Photographs intended for half-tone block reproduction should be sharply focused, well-contrasted, and prepared on glossy white paper. Wherever possible, unnecessary background and foreground material should be eliminated.

d) Plates - When the size of a drawing or map is so large that it is not possible to reduce it to a full page of the standard without losing details, it may be printed as a plate and inserted as a separate sheet. Wash or colour lines may be reproduced in plates when absolutely necessary but this practice should~be avoided as far as possible. For the preparation of drawingsfor plates, the general directions given in (b) should be followed.

5.1.18.3 In the preparation

of illustrations, while deciding the size of the illustration, thickness of lines and the lettering, the reduction of the drawing for block making shall be kept in mind. As far as possible, the size, thickness of lines and the lettering should be uniform in one publication.

5.1.19 Index

A subject index may be included in all standards which are likely to be used frequently for reference. The index shall be prepared in accordance with IS 1275 : 1976.

6 SPECIFIC

ASPECTS

OF DRAFTING

6.1 Units of Measurement

The International System of Units (SI) and the other units that are recognized internationally for use with SI, in accordance with IS 10005 : 1985 shall be the standard units of measurement.
6.1.1 When a recognized unit outside SI is used, its relationship with the SI unit should be explained on its first occurrence, in the form of a footnote. Example:

If mbar is used for pressure, the relation 1 bar = lo5 Pa should be given in thk footnote.
6.2 Letter Symbols for Quantities and Units

Signs and symbols should be used as a matter of convenience in standards. Signs and symbols for quantities and units shall comply with IS 1890 (Part 0) to (Part 13). Whenever required, their meanings may be explained by association with definitions in a separate clause, in a diagram, or in an annex or by association with the terms they represent when they first appear in the text.

6.3 Reference 6.3.1

to Indian Standards

In the body of the text of a standard, there shall be no reference to publications other than Indian Standards. Reference to publications other than those of BIS shall be avoided by reproducing the relevant texts from those publications and with prior permission of the authorities concerned, where necessary. Assistance so drawn may be acknowledged in the foreword to Indian Standards.

Example: Not recommended

Thermometers conforming to the Jnstitute of Petroleum Designation IP 24C shall be used.

Recommended

Thermometers conforming to the following requirements shall be used: Range Graduation Immersion 18 95C to 103C 01C Total

ss-12:19&3
6.3.2 In the text of a standard, reference to other Indian Standards shall be made, wherever required by quoting their designations.

The ~designation and title of referred standards shall be listed in Item 2. The designation of the referred standard shall be preceded by the words conforming to/in accordance with/ as prescribed in/as given in/etc . . . . in the reference in the text.
6.3.2.1
NOTE - Indiscriminate USC of reference to other Indian Standards should be avoided so as not to. put impediments in their implementation. Moreover it shall be examined whether conformity to the standard as a whole or only to a specific part or aspect of it is required. In case reference is to a small portion of a standard the possibility of reproducing the referred part may be considered.

6.3.2.2 When the referred standard is under preparation, a note shall be -given under the relevant clause of the referring standard to the effect that until the standard on the subject under preparation is published, the matter shall be subject to agreement between the concerned parties. 6.4 Cross References
Within a Standard

Whenever cross reference to a clause/table/figure annex, etc . . . of the standard is placed within parentheses, and if the reference is of obligatory character, it shall be done without the use of any directing word, such as see before it. But if the reference is only for information, the word see or see also shall be used before it.

6.5 Bibliographical Publications

References

to Other

6.5.1 Bibliographical references shall be made in accordance with IS 2381 : 1978. The examples given in 6.5.2 to~6.5.6 illustrate the appltcation of IS 2381 : 1978 in the caSe of standards and draft standards, published articles, books, government publications and reference books. In the list of bibliographical references following sequence shall be followed for various publications: a) Standards and publications issued by the International Organization for Standardization.

b) Standards and publications issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission. c) Standards and publications issued by oher international standardizing bodies listed in alphabetical order of their names. d) Standards and publications issued by regional standardizing bodies listed in alphabetical order of their names.

19

e) Standards

and publications issued national standards bodies, arranged alphabetical order of the names countries from which they originate.

by in of

-0 Standards

and publications issued by agencies other than the national standards bodies, arranged in alphabetical order of the names of countries of origin. publications, other than standards, in alphabetical order of the names of countries of origin. ( including books and published articles ) shall be arranged in alphabetical order of the names of authors, or in their absence, of the editors, compilers, publishers or titles.

8) Government

h) All other publications

6.5.2 Standards and Draft Standards Bibliographical reference to a standard or draft standard shall consist of at least the following items of information: a) Designation authority. Examples: as adopted by the issuing

IS0 3928-1977 BS 4940 : Part 3 : 1981 b) Title of the standard ( the title shall be separated from the designation by a space and without any punctuation mark. Only the initial letter of the first word of the title shallbe given in capitals ). In the case of standards in foreign languages, or in scripts other than Roman, translated titles in English shall be given. Year of publication of the standard if not already present in the designation of the standard. d) Name of the issuing authority in Roman script. 4 If there is more than one standard or draft standard pertaining to one particular country, they shall be arranged in ascending numerical order. f> Where the standards pertaining to any one country do not bear designation numbers, they shall be arranged in the alphabetical order of the title of the standards. Examples: IS0 7398-1982 Building construction Jointing products - Determination of elastic recovery. International Organizationffor Standardization.

c>

20

IS 12 : 1988 IEC 752-1982 Audio-frequency calibration tape for transverse track recorders. International Electrotechnical Commission. NFS 81-525 : 1974 Shock resistant wrist Association Franciase de watches. Normalisation. DIN 71412-1977 Grease nipples with conical head. Deutsches Institut fiir Normung. BS 5783 : 1979 Code of practice for handling of electrostatic sensitive devices. British Standards Institution. ASTM Designation: E 131-83 Standard definition of terms and symbols relating ~to molecular spectroscopy. American Society for Testing and Materials. IND/TC/1618 : 1962 Socks, wool. Ministry of Defence, Government of India. 6.5.3 Published Articles Bibliographical reference to published articles shall be given in the alphabetical order of the names of authors and in the manner illustrated by the following examples: HERLITZ (Ivar). International Electrotechnical Commission - Yesterday, today and tomorrow. I5f bul 14, 6; 1962; 341-46. MUNDKUR (R S ) and VISHVANATHRAO ( C ). Voltage breakdown test instrument.
IMDA journal. 7, 5; 1963; 16-17.

6.5.4

Books

Bibliographical reference to books shall be given in the alphabetical order of the names of authors and in the manner illustrated by the following examples: a) Reference to a book as a whole GIAVSI ( M S ) and LAKER ( K R ). Modern filter design - Active R C and switched capacitor ( Prentice-Hall Series in electrical and computer engineering ), 1981. Prentice-Hall, Inc, Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA. TRAIN ( Russel E ). Quality criteria for water. 1979. Cattle House Publications Limited, London.

21

b) Reference

to part of books 1977. Chemical USA. P 36-57.

BOXALE( J ) and FRAUNNOFER ( J A Von ).

Concise paint technology. Publishing Co, New York, 6.5.5 Government Publications publiorder manner

Bibliographical references to government cations shall be given in the alphabetical of the names of countries and in the illustrated by the following examples: Myrobalan grading and Manager of Publications, marking Delhi. rules,

INDIA. MINISTRY OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE.

1982.

UNITED KINGDOM. MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Control of radioactive wastes. 1962. H M Stationery Office, London. 6.5.6 Reference
books

Bibliographical citations for reference books shall be given in the same order and manner as indicated in 6.5.4 except that the name(s) of editor(q)/compiler shall be given if considered appropriate in place of the authors(s). The appropriate abbreviation, Ed or Corn as the case may be, shall be indicated against the name(s). In case names of authors or compiler or editors are not given, the entries of publications shall be arranged in alphabetical

order of their titles.

Examples:

BRANDES ( Eric A ), Ed.

reference book. Co ( Publishers Encyclopaedia

Smithells metals 1983. Ed 6. Butterworth & ) Ltd, London. and technology. V 3.

of science

1982, Ed 5 McGraw New York.

Hill

Book

Company,

SECTION 2 EDITORIAL AND TYPOGRAPHICAL STYLE

OF TYPESC-RIPT 7.1 Typescripts ( in duplicate ) presented for publication shall be complete in all respects and shall include a copy of every drawing required in a form suitable for reproduction. Copy for editing shall be single-sided, neatly typed and shall leave margins on both sides, of 5 cm width to allow for editorial and typographical marking-up. The manuscript should be
typed in double space.

7 PRESENTATION

8 DETAILED

CONVENTIONS

8.1 General Layout. The text of an Indian Standard shall be set on A4 size paper in double column, However, if
22

IS 12 : 1988 the tablesand the figures so require may be done in single column. printing

8.2 Cover Pages The style to be followed for the layout of the cover pages shall be as follows. 8.2.1 First Cover Page The first cover page shall give the designation, title, Universal Decimal Classification ( UDC ) No., descriptors, copyright, price group No., month and year of publication, name and address of the issuing authority, that is BIS as follows:

The month and year of publication of a standard or its revision shall appear in the bottom left-hand corner on the cover.

Date of publication -

Standard b) UDC number - Each Indian shall bear a number according to the IJniversal Decimal Classification on the first cover page.
Descriptors - Each Indian Standard shall have on its first cover page a set of descriptors ( keywords ) depicting the concept it describes to facilitate information retrieve1 for users.
be

NOTE - Descriptors ( Keywords ) should chosen from a Standard ISONET Thesaurus.

Price group number - Each Indian Standard shall bear a price group number which is linked with price of publication. The group number shall appear on the bottom right-hand corner on the first cover page. Status of printing -

Each Indian Standard shall also give the information below given as appropriate:

1) When

a standard is superseded by a new standard carrying a different number the words Superseding IS . . . . . . . . . ) in parentheses, shall be written just below the designation of the superseding standard on the first cover page.

2) When a

standard is reprinted, the words First Reprint, followed by the -month and year in which the standard is reprinted, all in parentheses, shall appear below the title on the cover page. There shall be no change in the designation ( number and year ) or in the date of publication of the

23

standard. In case of subsequent reprints the respective reprint number should be given.
Example: ( First Reprint AUGUST 1984 ) ( Seventh Reprint OCTOBER 1985 )

has subsequently 3) When a standard been reviewed and reaffirmed and in case of a subsequent, reprint, the word Reaffirmed followed by the year in which the standard is reviewed and reaffirmed, all in parentheses, shall appear below the designation:

Example: IS 2101 : 1962

( Reaffirmed
Indian Standard

1984 )

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LIMITS AND FlTS FOR SIZES ABOVE 500 mm UP TO 3 150mm 4) When a standard is revised, the revised version shall carry, in italics and in parentheses, the words First Revision, Second Revision, Third Revision, etc, as the case may be, under the title on the first cover page and the page on which the text begins. The year in the designation of each revision shall be the year of that revision and not that of the original publication or of an earlier revision. Similarly, the date of publication shall be the date of publication of that revision.

5) When the draft revision of a standard is issued in circulation for comments, the fact that it is a draft revision shall be indicated below the title as illustrated by the following example: Draft Indian Standard GUIDE FOR DRAFTING AND PRESENTATION OF INDIAN STANDARDS ( Third Revision of IS 12 : 1964 )

24

IS12:1988
8.2.1.1 The title of the standard in Hindi shall appear along with the English title. 8.2.1.2 A typical example of a first cover page shall be the same as for this standard, for showing the exact positions of various items to be given on the first cover page. 8.2.2 Second Cover Page The second cover page of the standard shall give contents list, when required, and the Foreword. If the Foreword is long and is not accommodated on the second cover page it may be carried over to the third cover page. The name of the sectional committee along with its designation shall be given at the top of the second cover page. 8.2.3 Third Cover Page A short note on Standard Mark shall be given on third cover page. In addition, the residual part of the Foreword carried over from second cover page, if any, shall also be given. 8.2.4 Fourth Cover Page A short note about BIS, information on copyright, invitation for comments on the Indian Standard shall be given on the fourth cover page of the standard. Space for a table to record the particulars of amendments which may be issued subsequently shall also be provided. At the bottom of this page, address of BIS Headquarters and its other offices shall be given. A typical example of fourth cover page shall be the same as for this standard. 8.3 Use of Capitals 8.3.1 Indian Standard(s) In the term Indian Standard(s) the first letter of each word shall be in capitals. But when referring to standards in general, the word standard shall be in lower case. 8.3.2 Proper Nouns In general, proper nouns and proper adjectival nouns shall have the initial letters in capitals. In some cases, however, words originating from proper nouns have developed specialized technical meanings and have become so generally accepted that they need not be in capitals.
Examples:

ampere, black-japan, china-clay, coulomb, diesel, henry, joule, macadam, newton, ohm. 0.3.3 Names of Organizations
8.3.3.1 Complete names The initial letters of principal words of legislative, judicial and administrative bodies, ministries, departments, bureaus, offices, organizations, etc, shall be in capitals.

25

IS 12 : 1988 8.3.3.2 Incomplete names

The initial letters of words, such as committees department, etc, shall be in capitals when they are used in the name of an organization or pertain to a particular organization mentioned earlier in text, but not so when used in general designation.
Examples: Incorrect -

1) The subcommittees under the authority 15. tional committee,

working of CDC

2) Copper and copper alloys secSMDC 11 committee, of Electronics working of CDC Alloys SMDC 3) Plastic sectional PCDC 9 4) The department
Correct -

1) The Subcommittees under the authority 15. 2) Copper and Copper Sectional Committee, 11

3) Plastics Sectional Committee, PCDC 9 4) Department of Electronics

8.3.4 Enumeration Following a Coton The first letter of the first word of each listed shall be in capitals in enumerations are formally indented after a colon, but when the items run along in a sentence (see 8.6.4.3).
Example:

item that not

also

The following damages may be observed during the performance test: a) Loosening of joints, and of splits on the b) Occurrence of cracks various wooden parts.

NOTE - Examples 1 and 2 under 8.6.4.3 illustrate cases in which the first letter of the first word of each item listed should not be in capitals.

8.3.5 Titles and Captions in typescript, initial letters of principal words shall be in capitals including verbs, such as Is, Are, Shall Be, etc. In case of prepositions, their initial letters should not ordinarily be in capitals, unless emphasis is demanded ( see also 8.12.1, 8.13.1 and 8.14 ).
Example: Temperature In and Around In a title or caption,

Window Frames

8.3.5.1 Hyphenated words

Both parts

initial
when

of a hyphenated word shall have letters in capitals in a title or caption both -parts are complete words in them-

26

IS 12 : 1988 selves; but when the first part of a hyphenated word is a prefix, the initial letter of the second part shall not be in capital, Examples: I) MasterLBuilder

2) Re-drafted 8.3.6 Figures and Tables The words figure ( abbreviated as Fig. ) and table shall have initial letters in capitals only when referring to a designated figure or table in a document.
Examples:

1) The dimensions of spades shall be as given in Table 2 read with Fig. 1. 2) the table and the figure on page 12 specify all characteristics of the material.
8.3.7 Use of capitals in titles of items, clauses, subclauses and sub-subclauses shall be in accordance with 8.14.

8.4 Use of Hyphens There are few universally accepted rules for hyphenation in English language. Use of a hyphen depends on a combination of a common sense, convention and freedom from ambiguity. In Indian Standards, a hyphen shall only be used where failure to do so would cause ambiguity or where hyphenation is firmly established by convention.

JL4.1 Breaking words by hyphenation end of a line, a column or a page avoided.

8.5 Use of Italics

at one shall be

Italics shall be used sparingly, and only when deemed necessary to emphasize or differentiate sharply certain words or phrases from the rest Official acts of the government of the text. shall be in italics. In typewritten matter all italicized words and letters shall be underlined.

8.5.1 Words of Indian and foreign shall be written in italics.

8.5.2 Letter Symbols for Quantities

languages

Italics shall be used for symbols for physical quantities. In cases where a subscript letter forms a part of letter symbol for quantity, the subscript shall also be italicised if it represents a quantity, otherwise not.
Examples: r/, = volume

Vat temperature

vt = volume V of test piece t 27

8.5.3 Drawing Symbols

When letter symbols appearing in a figure are referred to in the text, they shall be italicised even when they have not been italicised on the drawing. However, the designation of lines or points shall be referred to in the text as they appear on the drawing and shall not be italicised. 8.5.4 Symbols for unit mathematical operations and chemical elements shall not be italicized, even if-they form part of a heading which is otherwise in italics. 8.5.5 Italicization in titles, be done as given in 8.14. 8.6 Punctuation 8.6.0 General Punctuation should be used sparingly but consistently and always in accordance with generally accepted grammatical principles with the sole aim of achieving clarity of expression. The following reference books, which contain general rules for punctuation should serve as guide for drafting lndian Standards: FOWLER ( H W ) and FOWLER ( F G ). The Kings English. 1962. Ed 3. Osford University Press, London. FOWLER ( H W ). A Dictionary of Modern English Usage. 1965. Ed 2. Oxford University Press, London. 8.6.1 -Full Point headings. etc, shall

A full point

represents the greatest pause and separation. It is used to mark the end of a declarative or an imperative sentence. It is also used in abbreviations, for example, Fig. for figure. From general usage full pointc are mostly omitted between capital letters in abbreviation of the names of organisations, for example, ISO, FAO, unless the organisation has established its own convention which employs full points. Similarly, full points are not used in acronyms. These retain full capital letters if they represent organisations like ISO, STC, but are otherwise shown as common words ( which may have become such as laser and radar ). A few exceptions to the above general guidelines exist, like PVC and should be dealt with individually according to the established convention for each one.

8.6.2 Coma 8.6.2.1 General principle

A comma is used as a mark

make clear the grouping

of separation to of words, phrases and

_. ,/ IS 22 : 1988

clauses with respect to grammatical structures of the sentence. However, too frequent, use .-of commas can hinder the flow of text and should be guarded against. 8.6.2.2 Clause or phrase wilhin a sentence, If a clause or phrase within a sentence is to be set apart from the rest of the sentence, one comma before the clause or phrase and one after it shall be used.
Examples: rmcorrect 1) It -is important

that> in order to satisfy the temperature coaditi.on,. an, automatic. regulator be provided. 2) The rule as has been stated separately, is tentative.
I,

Correct :

1) ~Jt:is important that in order to satisfy the temperature condition, an auton-ratjc, regu- later. be provided. 1 23 The rule, as has been stated separately, -is tentative.
,

8.6.2.3 Commas shall be used to separate-items enumerated in a list from after acolon,. u.n~ess ~ 57 FYT Tf;ia t rT;Ip %-kFr % VT t%irr ;r;sF qiT$ . any of the items contains commas already, in which ca&semicolons shall be, used to sepaiate sfz vi? ii Ir@ @ 3TFf fqiT9 WTTTTrlT +-lyT $T ai ?ra the items ( see examples-under 8.6.4.3:). f@f?f 3 WC? fqTTrF $+9T3 f%qT qT$ ($t$ 8.6.4.j 8.6.2.3 XFTf+Jrl. W JlrstS Tat 3 fV;rrp
qy, W?

t -3f?Ti?TJ~Tq7J-T) 4 8.6.2.4
f%sT ;;rTy

:
'g.6,2.4 $&n a q;alifyi& term specifying ~a,

qq ;F;t< Wan BTfrft % G WWI. .a& EF;tf

2 at 3% q~?
h I

i;~pafqFfiTfqqyq
;r f%

fqyTF q-q~qjy ggq

, .*.

JX$?W
1)
fq-ki TQi, Fe7T6?

grade or any other characteristic of a materials is /used after the name of thk material, it shall. beseparated by.. a,comma and not .a dash. ;
Examples:

2) ria, rita 3)$+Ff,a+-aa+. 4) Frra, 8.6.3 W&fq7TpY

8.6.3.1 ST4 faTTJ3

.) -. ,_

s,s
7$ia S@ qc WT f%XT qlTT;T qT?TT

1) 2) 3) 4)

Bleaching powder, stable Punches, round . ,.- Cables, high tensisn Steel, mild.

I, . _,

0.6.3 Semicolon 8.6.341 Complicatedghsases

$ wet fk$T7 Srssiti *,>.,. $; sy,qW CfT5 9TTfSFT %=7 tif i$ EJFQJ$. VfEq ,

SfZi;r ~TPsi?TWwT
;FT &W?T

a4 clawes

.:

fq?Ti TTr ?i? $ Qi?J + F&W

$ WGTTW%T -&JTTz;r

Semicolons,are .used where .an idea is complete but is connected to .a similar complete idea; or to separate complicated phrases or clauses.

3s:TpT: ,qTiti, ,fqB% rY=fW z;qTCrTi @? BT FrTVi? SZf3sf

Example:

,,(

#I.

VTfWq 97 tcttTq

Wr$T, fq+i g?; 3337 tirT

fq4T +iT

RT~V~3-b;S+Y .S.. . f\..

The table, including the, 1ates.t additions; the text, including the chapters on trade practice; and the hibliography~werecarefully studied.
..

qT I

,, ..,.

g-6.3.2

mm 3 qh?+
3 3l.fUriF;

f+J+$Z
JT@V$ kj$i= wT* * fq?

~TT$ET % FTT$

8.6.3.2 Important breaks in a sentence A semicolon is used to make a more ikp;rL tant break in the flow of a sentence than that 29

marked by a comma, nor to separate complete statements whose force is dependent upon their remaining in the same sentence.

Example:

This is as important in theory as it is in practice; indeed, it may be said to be the only consideration.
8.6.4 Colon designation number and

8.6.4.1 Between the IS the year

A colon shall be used to separate IS designation number and its year of adoption.
Example:

1s 9526 : 1980
8.6.4.2 End of a page or column

A colon shall never end a page or a column. The last line or two shall be carried over so that the colon immediately precedes the material which it introduces.

8i6.4.3 Enumerations It is preferable to enumerate items in a list form and not to run them along in a sequence. A colon shall precede such enumerations, following immediately after such introductory phrases as as follows, consisting of, conditions are etc. All enumerationsshould be punctuated ai if they were in sequence in paragraph form ( see 8.3.4 ).*

Examples : 1) The material recommended

consists of:

a) poles or uprights, b) ledges, and c) braces. 2) Among such usual conditions are: to a) exposure damaging fumes or vapours, excessive abrasive dust, explosive mixtures of dust or gases, steam salt spray, excessive moisture, drippin; water, etc;

b) exposure

to abnormal shocks; or tilting; and to unusual storage.

vibration, or

exposure c>

transportation

30

IS 12 : 1988 8.6.5 Dash 8.6.5.1 In a sentence Since technical documents seldom use language in which there are sudden breaks in thought, or clauses not logically part of a sentence, it is recommended that the use of dash be avoided in the text of a standard. ,,

8.6.5.2 Between IS designation and title

A dash shall not-be used to separate the title of a standard from the IS designation. E.xample: Incorrect

Practice for make-up of periodicals. Correct IS 4 : 1949 Practice for make-up of periodicals.

IS 4 : 1949 -

8.6.5.3 In a table The use of dashes in 8.12.3 in table shall be as given

8.6.6 Quotutton Marks

8.6.6.1 General principle

If the punctuation mark belongs to the part of the matter -quoted, it shall be placed inside the quotation marks; otherwise it shall be placed outside. Single quotations shall be used in standards. Where two matters have been quoted, one within the other, the inner quotations shall be single and the outer double.

8.6.6.2 Titles of articles and publications Titles of books, articles, or chapters ( parts of a complete publication ) shall be placed in single quotation marks except when listed in a bibliography, where no quotation marks are needed ( see 6.5 ).
Example:

The chapter booklet...... 8.6.7 Parentheses

Method of Testing ifrom

the

Punctuation associated with parentheses should accord with the nature of the text enclosed, a full sentence should include the full point before the closing bracket. When a substantial quantity Of text is to be given in parentheses, consideration should be given instead to presenting it in the form of a note.

31

8.7 Use of Words 8.7.1 Indian Standard The expression Indian Standard in the titles of Indian Standards qualifies specification, code of practice, requirement, methods of test, guide, definition, etc. Its use as a noun in the title of a standard is not permissible. Example: Incorrect - Indian Standard for wooden folding chairs. Correct - Indian Standard specification for wooden folding chairs. 8.7.1.1 Standardize The verb standardize should be carefully used. To say that BIS standardizes a material is not appropriate. Standardizing a material correctly means the physical act of standardizing it. It will be correct to state that BfS formulates, prepares, prescribes, lays down, evolves, or develops standards for materials, processes, tests, etc.

8.7.2 Articles 8.7.2.1 Use of The The article the is applied to an individual object or to objects mentioned earlier in the text or already known, or contextually particularized. When in doubt, the answer to what or which generally clarifies whether the is required or not. Example: The cotton grown in India is of the short staple variety. Which cotton ? The cotton grown in India. The definite article should not be used when objects are referred to in general or in an undefined sense.
Example:

1) India, in comparison

with other countries of the world, ought to have more than 20 million cars. Which countries ? Other countries in general. Which cotton ? Cotton in general.

2) Cotton is grown in India.

8.7.2.2 Use of An The rule governing the use of an is phonetic and not orthographical. An- is used before a vowel -and a silent h. *fFz;a t f+ --I @ii I ir fasr 8.7.2, 8.7.2.13it~ 8.7.2.2 mm_

IS 12 : 1988
Examp Ies:

an eyelet, practice

an

heirloom,

an 18th

century

The article a is, however, used before vowels preceded, in fact though not in appearance, by the sound of y or w.
Examples:

A unit, a one-room 8.7.3 Use of And/Or The expression standard should ambiguity.

house, a eulogy

and/or in the text of a be used with care to avoid

Subcommittee

8.7.4 Use of Percent,

Words like percent, subcommittee, subclause, cooperation, cooption, etc, are used as single words. 8.7.5 Use of Etcetera The word etcetera (em) should be used only after two or more nouns without the conjunction and.
Example : Incorrect -

Bolts, nuts and washers, etc, are required in large numbers. Correct - Bolts, nuts, washers, etc, are required in large numbers.

8.7.5.1 In particular, etc should not be used after a sequence introduced by expressions like for example and such as. 8.7.6 Dates In the text, dates shall be given in the order : day, month, year. Commas, St, nd, rd, or th shall not be used. The month shall not be indicated by numerals, but shall be spelt in full.
Examples: Not recommended

1) 2nd Sept., 1986 2) Jan 4,1968 3) 17th Aug. 1957

Recommended

11 2 September 1986 2) 4 January 1968

3) 17 August 1957 8.7.6.1

sfq ~8 ?F% F&TT VT aT3TTTI $ 3 f?qT GlT;r?. $, 3TY l g?

J& 1s 7900 : 1976 j? WTp

8.7.6.1 If the dates are required in all-numeric form, it shall accordance with IS 7900 : 1976.

to be given be done in

-8.7.7 7TWTsffa

yq

@ Brf; ~W+f@k* ?yq qs$ % f%y qT<

67 TSfW*
I @ W?BET% aitT

?f*
WhVT

. . WT~~~ a
8 fZ9T

& ?,iJ?r ;i;t +bS;l;

$ fq41 qrp I F$
,q;IT FFRTT 5 I

;r;t FKXfq9f

8.7.7 Chemical Formulae In the text, names of chemicals should be as far as practicable, in words, expressed, formula being given in parentheses wherever necessary. Formulae may be used in tables or equations. 33

Example: Incorrect Correct -

Add 10 ml of HzS04. Add 10 ml of sulphuric acid.

8.7.8 Shall, Should and Must

8.7.8.1 Shall The word

obligatory

shall shall be used to indicate character of a requirement.

the

8.7.8.2 Should The word should shall be used to indicate that the requirement is recommendatory and not obligatory. 8.7.8.3 MuJt The word must shall not be used obligatory character. 8.7.9 May and Can 8.7.9.1 May In specification clauses, the word may shall be used when permissible character is implied. to express

8.7.9.2 Can In specification clauses, the word can shall be used to express capability whether material, physical and causal. 8.7.10 By The word by shall not be used to denote the dimensional designations, in place of the multiplication sign ( x ).
Example: Incorrect Correct 20 by 10 by 10 cm bricks 20 cm X 10 cm X 10 cm bricks

8.7.11 Amendment The word amendment when used in connection with a standard shall indicate modifications ( alterations, additions or deletions ) in the contents of the standard; including corrections of errors ( see 10 ).
8.7.12 Spelling

The Oxford English Dictionary authority for spelling. 8.7.13 Imperative Form This form is recommended directions for chemical procedures.

shall serve as the

for giving analysis

&tailed

and

test

IS 12:1988
Example :

Weigh accurately about 05 g of the material and mix with 05 g of ammonium chloride in a 50 ml beaker. Add 5 ml of hydrochloric acid, cover the beaker and heat over a water bath for 15 minutes. 8.7.14 Use of Foreign Words Words of languages other than English using Roman characters shall be reproduced as they are written in the original languages, care being exercised, in particular, to retain diacritical marks wherever they occur. 8.8 Graphical
Abbreviations Graphical Symbols are pictorial symbols used to represent equipment, quantities, circuit connections, arrangements, etc, supplemented, where necessary, by letters and numerals. Letter Symbols are letters used to represent physical quantities and chemical elements in equations and formulae. Abbreviations are shortened forms of names or expressions employed in the text, tables and elsewhere. 8.8.1 Standard graphical symbols and letter symbols specified in relevant Indian Standards, shall be used. Wberever such standard symbols are not available, symbols commonly used in technological and commercial practice should be used, but in any given standard use of symbols shall be consistent.

Symbols,

Letter

Symbols

and

8.8.2 Abbreviations recommended for general use in Indian Standards are given in Annex B, which is not, however, intended to be exhaustive. For terms not included in the annex, new abbreviations may have to be adopted; but in such cases care shall be taken to see that they do not clash with dose already included in the annex or with those which represent by convention and practice other definite engineering or industrial terms. 8.8.3 Wherever an uncommon abbreviation is used in an Indian Standard, at its first appearance it should be accompanied by a full expression of what it represents.

8.8.4 Abbreviations, in general, shall be used withouf a full stop after them ( see Annex B ) except in cases where the abbreviation results in a common English word or in an ambiguity as in the following cases: a) No.for number or numbers b) Fig. for figure

8.8.5

Clarity

Abbreviations shall not be used where the meaning is likely to be obscured. In cases of doubt, words should be spelt out in full.
NOTE - Abbreviations not be used. Instead, example and namely respectively. 8.&6 i.e., e.g. and viz shall the words that is, for shall be used in their place

Use in Text Abbreviations shall be used sparingly in the text and captions, with due regard to usage in indus,I,.,,*:,, .._:,, -r __^_. __1^1._ L^ SJXill .L_ll +r., CLJ. T-r-, I GL1,1> UGULlU& UIIILS I lllt;i15LUGlllt;IlLS be abbreviated in the text when preceded by the amounts indicated in numerals. In tables and figures, theuse of abbreviations may be governed by the need for conserving space. 8.8.1 Singular and Plural The same abbreviation shall be used both for singular afid piurai words, except that the abbreviation for Rupee shall be Re and for Rupees, Rs.
Examples: Incorrect Correct 10 ems. Nos. 15 to 30 10 nos. 10 cm, No. 15 to 30,lO numbers.

8.8.8 Letter Spacing The letters of abbreviations spaced nor punctuated.

shall neither

be

8.8.9 Abbreviations in Titles In general abbreviations should the titles of standards. 8.9 Textual References
8.9.1 References
to

be avoided

in

Parts of the Text

Reference to other parts of the text in a standard shall be made by the use of a clause number printed in bold type, without a qualifying description like clause.
Examples; 1) see 3.2 2) see A-2.4 8.9.2 References ( when

part

of an annex

is

referred to 1
to Tables and. Figures

Every table and figure included in an Indian Standard shall be referred to in the text and a suitable explanation given as to its use. The words Table and Fig. shall not be in bo!d type. Example given below indicate the forms to be used for such references:
Examples:

I), . . as spetiified in Table 2 2) . ..as shown in Fig. 3.

8.10 Presentation of Notes

Notes shall be printed in smaller type than that of the main text and shall immediately follow the relevant subject matter. When one or more

36

IS 12 : 1988 notes appear under the same clause, subclause, table or figure, they shall be placed under the title NOTES, this word being on a line by itself. The text of each note shall then be preceded below it only by its number in bold at the beginning of its first line. Footnotes shall be distinguished by superior Hindu-Arabic numerals followed by one parenthesis starting afresh on each page. Footnotes shall be referred to in the text by inserting the same numerals as superscript after the word or sentence in question. Care should be taken in the wording and location of a note to make clear the subject matter to which it refers. Otherwise it is not always certain whether a note following, for example, three subclauses, refer to all three of them or to the last one only, or possibly the last two. If there is any doubt, wording such as note to 7.5.1 should be used or the words ( see Note ) should be inserted in the text at the appropriate point(s).

8.11 List of Items

List of items generally following two types:

fall

into

one

of

the

a) A list comprising grammatically incomplete elements that do not form complete sentences. These are introduced by a statement ending with a colon.l_ Each item in the list starts with a lower case letter and ends with a semicolon, except the last item which ends with a full point.

b) A list that consists of items comprising one or more sentences each, but in which the items are not sufficiently independent or self-contained to become subclauses. These are introduced by a complete sentence ending with a full point and each item in the list starts with a capital letter and ends with a full point*.
NOTE -

This clause is an example of a type ( b ) list. Type (a) and Type (b) styles are not to bemixed within a single list.

The items in a list are identified by lower case* letters in parenthesis, that is a), b), c), etc, but letters i, I, 0 and x shall not be used. If it is necessary further to subdivide an item, Hindu-Arabic numerals in parentheses are used, that is, I), 2). 3). etc. In exceptional cases, further subdivision is indicated by the use of small Roman numerals in

parentheses, that is, i), ii), iii), etc. If more than one list of items appears within the same clause or subclause, items in the first list are indentified by lower case letters and the second list by Hindu-Arabic numerals, all in parentheses as shown above. In such circumstances care has to be taken not to subdivide items so that similar identifiers are used in sever,al lists. If more than three lists: appear within the same clause or subclause, redrafting should be considered to avold the complications of identification and referencing.

NOTE - Additional guidance on listing, in the special context of the explanation of symbols in mathematical formulae, is given in 9.2.

8.12 Tables 8.12.1 Captions Captions in upper and lower bold letters shall Abeplaced at the top of all formal tables which shall be numbered in Hindu-Arabic numerals in one consecutive series in a given standard including tables in annexes. Grouping of table; as Table lA, Table lB, etc, should be avoided unless they are very closely related and their combination into a single table becomes inconvenient.
Example:

Table 2 Dimensions and Tolerances ( Clause 7.2 and .Fig. 1 ) 8.123

Position in Text

In the typescript and particularly in the printed standards, each formal table shall, as a general rule, be placed as near the first reference to it as possible without needlessly breaking into the middle of a paragraph. Necessity of turning a page to refer to a table should be avoided. However, tables requiring frequent references independent of the text may be given at the end of the standard. 8.12.3 Use of Nil and Dash In no case shall an entry in any row or column in a table be left blank. When, specifying requirements in a table, situations may arise, as in the case of composition of material(s), where the absence of a particular ingredient may have to be stated as an obligatory requirement. Such requirements shall be specified by using the word Nil against the relevant entry. Further, there may be cases where more than one grade of material(s) is covered in a standard

38

+k J;rF?-+kfT$ .sr?;riF iS %ZWT+lqTloT?Q $T ,g 8 I @ $% if qq dt-$ 3T;iC=fT ?TTVJi?W zy;r rl$ @ 87

f+Tii $3 R TT ;r$.f @ta*t 3 ?I? SC +?TT% 3 fTrf fT
4kT JSTZ $3 fFlWT WY BTT SrTy I ;r@ $Ki? 6r TV % FYTFF fT

iv
FfTIJi?

(-)
BT

and the requirements are tabulated under each grade. Where a requirement so tabulated does not apply to some grades, a dash ( - > and not Nil shall be used to indicate that the requirement does not apply to the relevant grade(s). 8.12.4 Breaking
of Tables

8.12.4

?TTTq?TT Fii?T
?i&;rT 8T

fm y';F; g,Wir TFrty6R ?T Breaking of a table, namely, carrying it over from one page to another should be avoided as qT;TT,a$: ?TB $_IFT%7hTsT I I =M WV df fq%?P far as possible. When, however, there is no option
q 8 q?TfT FTTTJfl $1 y,4; 565 @ q$ Cit $3 ti qS$ FTTCT? * 3TT+ BTVT CZT 8 3Tp X BE+? * +WTT STTIT WC 3 fT8 7Te :
-(Vi?) WT% WTW) % d%9 3JtZ % IQ? 755 7i $6;5 qi W FFlW a; ati;r; ?JBTyT 8 %Flt ?3?? I S@ 8 3Ty, !h;5 -zr qTy YE5 t W ?f WJfq qTiZ 5TT;TT ;ft+ * @=i

fTWfqfq3VT

but to carry a table from one page to the next, the frame shall be left open at the bottom ( that IS, lower horizontal line shall be omitted 1. On the pages after the first, the number of table shall be repeated, followed by the words given below:
-

continued on subsequent concluded

pages on the final page. on pages

-(
@y%

ky WC
3?Ti!jVJT :

I
BT702t

The column heading shall be repeated after the first.

Example:

dWfl 3TTTTaTa BT qWD?

3TTyf3

rlT;T

(?+q

ii?;@

Table 3 Reference Values for Impact Sound

dDi 9T;t

Freqtency G?q Hz

Refe$;f&Value dB

FfTVi?

3 (aT*)

Table 3 (continued) Freqyency BTr Hz Reference Value G%%& dB

FfTtti 3 (VqTCil) Table 3 (concluded) wTyf3 dz% w;l

Freqvency ezq HZ

Reference Value %%M dB

39

8.12.5

Footnotes

Where it is necessauy mal tables, they shall immediately below the indented. To indicate superior Hindu-Arabic

to use footnotes in forbe in smaller type placed bottom line and shall be references to footnotes, numerals shall be used.

8.12.6 If the values in a column

are associated with a unit of measurement, the appropriate unit symbol should be placed immediately above the column values. 8.13 Illustrations
8.13.1 Captions

All illustrations in a given standard shall be designated as figures and Jabbreviated as Fig. They shall be consecutively numbered in HinduArabic numerals. Grouping of figures as IA, lB, etc should be done only in unavoidable circumstances as in the case of.a figure illustrating a number of parts relating to the same object. Captions shall be placed at the bottom of figures. *In typescript initial letter of all the principal words shall be in capitals; in print, the captions shall be in capitals and small capitals.

Example:

Fig. 7 Disposition
FIG.

of Apparatus for Distillation ( in typescript )

TION

7 DISPOSITION OF APPARATUS FORDISTILLA(

in print ) 8.13.1.1 In preparing the originals, captions shall be typed or neatly written in hand on the back of the figures in full and the full text of all the captions shall be included in the manuscript. No information pertaining to figure shall appear below the caption.
8.13.2 Position in Text

In the printed standard, each figure shall be placed as near the first reference to it in the text as possible without needlessly breaking into a paragraph. Necessity for turning over a page to refer to a figure should be avoided.
8.13.2.1

Position of figures in the text shall be clearly indicated in the typescript. The figure number and the caption along with any tabular matter or notes which are to go with the figure. shall be typed in between two thick lines in the following manner:

IS 12 : 1988
aw? wwl fsfxQ?nil'
All dinentionsions in millimetres

*aTf
swv Inside Dia

h'srf
Hight H

ayx s-t afoTfe?I er$

Nominal Thick of Sheet

Standard

TT;Trf; aa Grads

V&Viias
Utility Grads

190 230 265

55 65 7.5

125

090

8.14 Titles/Headings

of Items, Clauses, Subclauses and Stib-subclauses The following procedure shall be followed in the display of such headings in a standard. 8.14.1 Item All words in the heading of an item shall be in capitals, and shall be printed in bold face. 8.14.2 Clause Initial letters of all principal words in the heading of a clause shall be given in capitals. All words in the heading shall be printed in bold face and in typewritten matter underlined with a broken line consisting of small dashes. 8.14.3 Subclause Initial letters of all principal words in the heading of a subclause shall be in capitals.* The heading shall be printed in italics and underlined in typewritten matter. 8.14.4 Sub-subclause Only the initial letter of the first word in the heading of a sub-subclause shall be in capital. The heading of a sub-subclause shall also be printed in italics and underlined in typewritten matter. 8.15 Indentation of Subdivisions The numbers of an item, clause, subclause and sub-subclause shall be aligned on the left-hand margin of the column. However as an aid to composition of the printed text, lists and notes integrated in the text shall be inset from the margin, Example of layout of a typescript is given in Annex C.

9 @wi?,

gS;TV8

Wti

Sfa*q

WI*

TT

9 STYLE AND LAYOUT FOR

ferT?I Sk kit
9.3

UNITS AND MATHEMATICAL FITW?l% gh@?FiT

NUMERALS MATERIAL

&qT, $$Tf 3it7 rlfq?i??.q

;i gT+Im q@q ~qa^fWJT ;i ~fVif;?W F?=?TT JTTC3 qiy;TT31~ qra?ITsti ;r;t ?JVif FFIB 3% 3 FIfTrIaI

9.0 In the presentation of numerals, units and mathematical, material, primary aim is to achieve maximum clarity and to assist the reader to immediate comprehension. 9.1 Numerals and Units

aqy;r^tf &$f

+i TiiS 3 FIWTV hs9 S$% f+ qq fqq? ?I$9 Et; fta 8 @NT< wTc ??t J;$ aR?Ti3 q

The general rule in technical documents is that when numerals appear in the middle of a sentence they should not be spelt out. 41

tiF4Td

;t>,

&itT

vrp

with unit symbols 9.1.1 Numerals associated shall be separated from the latter by a space. Examples: 1 cm, 4 mm, 20 kg NOTE -- Numerals shall only be-spelt out where their use may be confusing and ambiguous. Examples: Twelve 220 volt dc fans Ten 50 ml beakers 9.1.2 Numbers associated with algebraic symbols and symbols of physical quantities shall be expressed by numerals and shall not be separated by a space. Examples: lOB, 3xy 9.1.3 Exponents Exponents shall be used in the abbreviations units of measurements which are derived multiplication of basic unit. Examples: For use in tables For use in general 9.1.4 and figures : 1) kg/cm2 2) kg.cm-2 text : kg/cm2 of by

Beginning of Paragraph or Sentence

Starting a paragraph or a sentence with a numeral should be avoided as far as possible; if unavoidable, the number shall be spelt out. 9.1.5 Fractions

Simple fractions, such as 1, 4, 1, -2, 8 should ordinarily be spelt out as one-h${ one-third one-fourth, two-thirds, three-fourths in gencrai text. More complex fractions should ordinarily be avoided and replaced by appropriate decimal fractions, but where their use in general text is unavoidable -they may be given in numerals. 9.1.5.1 The rules given in 9.1.1 to 9.1.3 apply to fractions as well as to numerals. 9.1.6 Decimals and Vulgar Fractions Decimals shall be used as a first choice; vulgar fractions may be used only when necessarv because of usage in an industry. A zero (6) shall appear before the decimal point if it is not preceded by a numeral. Singular form shall be used for common fraction and decimals less than one and plural form shall be used for any number greater than one.

42

IS 12 : 1988 Examples: Not Recommended 1) 25 ml

2) 11 man-day 3) 9110 Recommended 1) 025 ml 2) 11 man-days 3) 09 9.1.6.1 When using numerals in association with units and symbols, the decimal form should be preferred to the use of fractions. Example: Not Recommended Recommended 9.1.7 22 N 275N

Numerals of More than Three Digits

Such numerals shall be given in groups of three with a space between every two consecutive groups; the grouping shall start from the unit towards left when there is no decimal point, but when there is a decimal point, the grouping shall be made in both the directions from the decimal Doint. The use of txmctuation marks like commas for breaking up numerals shall be avoided.
I

Examples: Not Recommended 1) 5,716,500 2) 76252 5437842 3) 251 4) 5) Recommended 67 201 356 -125673

- - I) 5 716 500 2) 7 625 254378 42 3) 4) 5) 2 5167 2013 56 0125 673

9.1.8

Signijcance

of Stated Values

Numerals representing values shall be stated indicating their full significance. All zeros appearing at the end of either an integer, or decimal fraction, are counted as significant, and it should be carefully noted that any specified value terminating in one or more zeroes implies that the last zero has a significance in the determination of the value and in its comparison with other values. Examples: 1) 10,50,200 and 5 000 kg indicate of 05 kg each. 43 accuracies

2) 2'5,3'50 and

6.460 mm indicate

ofOO5,0005

accuracies and 0000 5 mm, respectively.

of significance

NOTE - For more detailed guidance of values, refer to IS 787 : 1956.

9.1 9 Maximum

Permissible Variations

Where the maximum permissible variations in either direction from a basic value are equal, the symbol + shall be used to indicate the limits of tolerance, as for example, 712 f 006 mm. Where the permissible variations from the basic value are unequal, the following form shall be used: 5.250+ooo2 - 0003 9.1.9.1 In all cases, the basic permissible tolerances shall be same order of accuracy. 9.1.9.2 Dimensions and indicated in an unambiguous value and the specified to the shall be

tolerances manner.

Examples: 1) 80 mm X 25 mm X 50 mm ( not 80
X 50mm) 2) 80 f 3) 80 2 mm i mm ( not 80 z i mm )

25

9.1.10 In order to avoid misunderstanding, tolerances on percentages shall be expressed a mathematically correct form.

in

Examples: I) Write
range. 2) Write ( 65 & 2 )% to express a centre value with tolerance. In neither case shall the form 65 f 2%' be used. 9.2 Mathematical 9.2.1 Material from 63% to 67%, to express a

Equations and Formulae

Equations should be expressed in a mathematically complete, dimensionally balanced and unambiguous form. The meanings of the symbols used in an equation should be explained in a formal, consistent style immediately below the equation in which they appear ( see Example in 9.2.1.1 ). However, in a standard that contains a large number of equations making repeated use of several symbols, these symbols should be explained at the outset in a separate symbols and abbreviations clause. The symbols used should be consistent with the applicable Indian Standards.

44

IS 12 : 1988 9.2.1.1 Placing of formulae

-Formulae shall be placed in the centre of the text with adequate space above and below, and followed by the definitions of symbols in the order in which the symbols occur in the formulae. The word where shall be placed in the margin just above the definitions which shall be individually indented so that all equality signs are in alignment.
Example:

Calculate t from following formula:

t=2fj-p qf t= P=

pd,

where
t = shell thickness p = design pressure

in mm, in MPa,

di =
f=
jz

d, = inside diameter of the shell in mm,

f = design stress in MPa, and

j = joint factor.
9.2.1.2 Italic

letters shall be used in print for mathematical and quantitative ( but not chemical ) letter symbols, whether they are in the body of the text or mathematical equation, or are superscripts or subscripts. But numerals in an equation in any position shall not be italicized.

9.2.1.3 No space is to be incerted between sym-

bols that together represent a product of the individual symbols or between a number and the symbol it multiplies. A small space is used on either side of a mathematical sign. Example given under 9.2.1.1 illustrates these general rules.

9.2.1.4 In a standard containing equations ~which require frequent reference, all of them should be numbered sequentially throughout the standard, including annexes, using Hindu-Arabic numerals in parentheses. Example: /l=x+y+ca 9.2.1.5 Equations ... ... L.. (1)

should wherever possible be made to fit within the width of a single column of printed text. Where a substantial number of equations in a standard is too long to fit a single column, the entire text of the standard is composed across the double column width of the page.

If it is necessary to break an occasional equation that is too long for the next line, the break should be made at one of the following points:

a>at
b) cl

-, >, z and similar signs, in which case the sign appears only at the beginning of the turnover line; at t, -, X and f signs, the sign is inserted at the beginning of the second line; and between adjacent brackets, in which case a multiplication sign is inserted at the end of the first line and again at the beginning of the second line.

Example:

f(x)=s
4Ez ( 1 + 9.2.2 Solidus

c+$g
1
x3 > +

El(b+x,))x
(1 A- *4)

4E3

The use of solidus ( / > can effect reduction of some displayed two-line expressions to single lines. However, when using the solidus scrupulous care is essential in the use of brackets and the order in which individual lines arc placed.

9.2.3

Superiors and Inferiors

Superiors and inferiors are printing terms referring respectively to indexes ( superscripts ) and suffixes ( subscripts ). 9.2.3.X For fractional indexes, the solidus should be used except in the case of simple numerical fractions, where the normal upright form is generally clear.
Examples:
plb,

x1~2

a--h+c

>

n/2

p/b
)

xl2,

9.2.3.2 For expressions in which superiors and inferiors appear one above the other, it is easier to compose and read the term if the superior appears to the right of the inferior rather than immediately above it. This does not apply to prime signs, which should always be closed up to the term they relate to.

Example: Not Recommended Recommended dam d32

However, d3 is correct. 46

is12 :1988
9.2.4 Alignment Series of equations shall be indented consistently and aligned wherever possible on the = sign. Series of numerical values shall also be aligned wherever possible on the decimal poi~nt or order of magnitude. Plus, minus, multiplication and equal signs, shall be aligned horizontally. All superiors and inferiors shall be similary aligned and shall be of consistent size.

10 AMENDMENTS 10.1 Correction of errors and omissions, alterations and additions in the printed Indian Sta.ndards should all be made through amendments, if a revised edition of the standard is not called for. The amendments to each individual standard shall be numbered sequentially, starting with 1 for the first amendment to a given version. This information shall be presented in a formal style at the head of the fn-st page of the amendment and shall include the month and year of printing, and the designation and title of the relevant standard. The text of the amendment may, if necessary, be preceded by a description of the need or purpose of the said amendment.

10.2 General Elements of Amendments to a Standard 10.2.1 The wording used in amendments is a

direct instruction to substitute, or insert or simply delete as appropriate. The words amend . . . . . . . . . to read, change . . . . . . . . . _.. to or the text should be read as .- --*... etc, shall not be used.

In each amendment, the instructions should be arranged in sequence of clauses, tables, figures, annexes, etc, as they appear in the standard. For helping in locating the features, page numbers may be indicated where considered useful. In the case of tables, figures, annexes, alphabetically arranged definitions of terms, etc, page reference shall be given as it helps in locating the feature in the standard easily.
10.2.2

For insertion, substitution or deletion of short portions of text, such as word, phrase or part of a sentence, the relevant text is included within quotation marks, in the same senten& as the instruction. However, in order that the
10.2.3

47

changes introduced are intelligible themsetves, the alterations and substitutions shall desirably be given in the form of full sentences or even full clauses. For large passages, for example, a complete sentence, paragraph or clause, the new text is placed on a separate line, preceded by the words Delete. . . . . . . . . . ..and substitute the following. For insertions, the location should be described with precision, for example, Insert... . . . . ..between the second and third sentence. The word add shall not be used. Here again, consideration may be given to insert the entire new text in substitution of the earlier one.

For deletions, the precise extent of the deleted passage should be delineated either by description, for example, Delete entirely paragraph 2, or by giving the opening and closing words of the passage, for example, Delete, in lines 3 to 5, the text beginning, if fitted . . . . . . . . . and ending shall be of 25 mm diameter . Here again consideration may be given to give the entire new text of the clause or paragraph instead of indicating only the deleted portions in the original text.

10.2.4 As a consequence
of any clause, be renumbered.

of deletion or addition, the subsequent clauses shall not

10.2.5 When amending tables, care is necessary to identify precisely the text to be altered. This can generally be done by making reference to the relevant column, for example, in column 12, headed Length, and the line, for example, in line 5, for nominal size 200. However, unless the table is very long, and particularly for complicated tables, nor if several alterations are to be made, the revised table or the appropriate portion of it shall be given as new matter for substitution.

10.2;6 If drawings are amended, the revised drawing shall be given in the amendment as new matter for substitution. If the alteration is not obvious, the instruction is accompanied bv a statement, in words, of the nature of the change made in the drawing. Worded instructions alone are not suthcient.

IS li
10.2.7 Some

: 1988

amendments include several pages of new material or, in the case of loose leaf standards, replacement sheets. In such cases, the top page of the amendment shall carry instructions to delete and substitute, remove and replace, as appropriate, and the new text is displayed on the following pages, separately from the instructions.

A-typical example below: AMENDMENT

of an amendment NO. 1 FEBRUARY

is given
1985

TO IS 2980 : 1979 SPECIFICATION

FOR

NON-PRESSURE STOVES ( First Revision ) ( Clause 3.1, line 2 ) type DD. Delete the words of

( Clause 5-4.1, first sentence ) - Substitute the following for the existing sentences: In the above described position, the flame shall be observed for one hour when theivessel is put on the stove.
YTT 2 YT&I PART 2 ADOPTION

WIti

OF INTERNATIONAL

q W?Kwa qTti at WWWT STANDARDS IN INDIAN STANDARDS

1 SCOPE

standard ( Part 2 ) provides guidance on drafting and presentation of Indian Standards in which international standards have been adopted.
2

1.1 This

TERMINOLOGY the follow-

2.1 For the purpose of this standard ing definitions shall apply.

2.1.1 Adoption ( of an International Standard in a National Standard) Publication of a national standard equivalent to, incorporating, or based on, the relevant international standard, or endorsement of the international standard as having the same status as a national standard.

2.1.2 Editorial Change ( of an Standard in a National Standard ) Any change that does not content of the standard.

International

alter the technical

NOTE - Examples of editorial changes are: a) corrections of misprints or typographical errors;

b) multilingual column headings on a common table or figure edition; c) change from first-angle d) addition ing; of a warning

or figure captions in a multilingual drawings; draw

to third-angle

: this is a first-angle

e) substitution of a point ( . ) for a comma decimal~marker;

(, )

as

f) addition of explanation (not altering the technical content ) where the original text may be misunderstood; and g) addition of any other information or instructions ( not altering the technical content ).

2.1.3 Technical Deviation (from an International Standard in National Standard ) Difference between the technical International Standard and that standard. content of the of the national

NOTE - Limitations of the scope of the standard are considered to be major technical deviations.

2.1.3.1 Major technical deviation (from an international standard in n national standard ) A technical deviation that renders unacceptable under the terms of the national standard anything that was acceptable under the terms of the international standard and vice versa. 2.1.3.2 Minor technical deviation (from nn international standard in a national standard) A technical deviation that does not render unacceptable under the terms of the national standard anything that was acceptable under the terms of the international standard and vice versa. 3 GENERAL GUIDANCE ON ADOPTION OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND DRAFTING OF CORRESPONDlNG INDIAN STANDARDS 3.1 International Standards shall be adopted, when so decided, in Indian Standards. The standard shall be assigned a dual number ( an IS number and an IS0 number or IEC number ) when the following conditions are met. 3.1.1 The full text of the international standard shall be adopted so that the body of the international standard is completely rcproduccd.
NOTE - Foreword/Introduction/Preface of the international standard may be left out if so decided.

3.1.2 The Indian Standard may contain any information or instructions in its National Foreword that precedes the text of the international standard.

50

IS 12:1988 3.1.3Any national

notes, editorial changes, etc, to the text of international standard shall be clearly distinguished from the text. Their inclusion in a box is one of the best methods for such a distinction. Their title should be National Explanatory Note if their content is limited to information or editorial change.

3.1.4 The deviations in the whole of the Indian Standard are no more than editorial changes ( as defined in 2.1.2 ), except that changes in structure and numbering of clauses, though they may be editorial, preclude the use of dual numbering.

3.1.5 Any national instructions concerning the use of the national standard and having no bearing on its technical content shall b,: either included in the national foreword or separated from the text of the international standards in a similar way as national notes.

3.1.6 It is permissible to provide supplementary information in the form of national annexes. 3.2 When international standards are adopted with changes which preclude assigning a dual number, the drafting of the documents shall be done in accordance with Part 1. 4 CLASSIFICATION AND SUBDIVISION

4.1 The system of classification and subdivision shall be as given in 4 of Part 1. In respect of designation of publications, the IS number with the year of publication will appear along with the number of the international standard ( with year of publication ) immediately below it. Example: IS 8000 ( Part IS0 1101: 1 ) : 1935

1983 on all pages,

4.1.1 The dual number shall appear including the title page. 5 PRESENTATION 5.0 General

Every Indian Standard comprises a main body and may include other material, such as table of contents, national foreword national annexes, and some may need an index. This clause gives guidance on arrangement and presentation of these elements. 5.1 General The provisions Elements of a Standard

of 5.1 of Part 1 shall apply.

5.1.1 National Foreword

National Foreword should contain such formal clauses as are relevant to the needs of a standard, from the paragraphs given below, in the same sequence. The paragraphs are general in nature and should be suitably modified to meet the requirements of a particular standard.

5.1.1.1 Adoption Example:

This Indian Standard which is identical with IS0 ( or IEC ) ( Designation ) issued by ( International Organization for Standardization ) or (International Electrotechnical Commission ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian

of the Standards on the recommendation ( name ) Sectional Committee and approval of the ( name ) Division Council.
5.1.1.2 A clause giving background to the preparation/revision of the Indian Standard may be given, if required. In the case of revision, a statement of salient modifications made in the previous version may also be given.

5.1.1.3 Changes standard

in the text of the international

Changes in the text of the international standard, whenever required, should be dealt with using clauses, as indicated below. The text of IS0 ( IEC ) standard has been approved as suitable for publication as Indian Standard without deviations. Certain conventions are however not identical to those used in Indian Standards. Attention is particularly drawn to the following:

a) Wherever the words International Standard appear referring to this standard, they should be read as Indian Standard. b) Comma ( , ) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice is to use a point ( . ) as the decimal marker.

5.1.1.4 Cross references in the text

and references

to errors

Cross references - List all the international standards ( designation and title ) to which reference is made in the text, and indicate the corresponding Indian Standard(s)-( designation and title ). This

52

IS 12 : 1988 list shall be subdivided, if required, two sublists. into

The first sublist will include international standards, in numerical order, for which there is identical or technically equivalent lndian Standard(s) and these Indian Standards will be listed against them. Include textual references if these are specified in the reference as given in the international standard. If so, include equivalent Indian Standard textual references also.

NOTE --Even if the international standard does not indicate any textual reference in the text, it IS permissible to indicate textual reference in the corresponding Indian Standard for reference and specificity.

Example:

In this Tndian Standard, the following international standards are referred to. Read in their respective place the following:
knfernational Standard Indian Standard Degree of Correspondence

IS0

( Designation and title )

IS ( Designation and title ) IS ( Designation and title )

Identical Technically equivalent

IS0 ( Designation and title )

2) The second sublist will include international standards, in numerical order, for which there is no identical or technically equivalent standard. A clause on the following lines may also be given to indicate how this situation is to be dealt with. The technical committee responsible for the preparation of this standard has reviewed the provisions of the abovementioned ISO/IEC standards and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. b) Reference to errors in the text - While it is not permissible to make alterations to the international text, it is essential to note at the end of the national foreword any errors that are discovered. It is necessary to distinguish between textual errors that are technically significant and obvious typographical errors that are trivial and do not affect understanding of the standard.

1) Significant

textual errors - At the point where it occurs in the text, the error shall be marked with an asterisk. At the foot of the page the following footnotes shall be inserted:

*See national foreword textual error(s).

for

details of

In the national foreword, the following is inserted: Textual error(s) - When adopting the text of the international standard, the textual error(s) given ( listed ) below was ( were ) discovered. It has ( they have ) been marked in the text. This text is followed by details of each error, giving the relevant textual reference and the proposed correction.

2)

T_ypographical errors - Obvious but trivial typographical errors, such as spelling mistakes, shall be referred to in a note, in smaller type,~at the end of the national foreword. No reference to this note is necessary in the international text.

5.1.1.5 Additionalinformation
Any additional information may be given in the national foreword, as appropriate in individual cases. An example of such a clause is given below: This Indian Standard has been issued in several parts. Other parts of this Indian Standard are: Year Title TS. . . . . . . . . . . . ( Part 1 ) Title Year IS . . . . . . . . . . . . ( Part 2 )

a>

b)

Adjunct Indian Standards Example:

The following Indian Standards are necessary adjuncts to this standard:

NOTES

When the list is long, it may be included elsewhere in the publication and a reference IO that page given in this paragraph. 2 When the list is given in the national foreword_, the listing shall be done with serial numbers m one sequence arranged in the ascending order of their designation numbers, irrespective of the years of adoption.

54

IS 12 : 195s

cl

Rounding off - Where appropriate rounding off clause given in 5.1.4 of Part 1 may be given.

5.1.2 National Annexes

It may be found useful to include national If so, a clause in the annexes to the standard. national foreword may be added to explain its purpose. 5.1.2.1 The following three examples serve to illustrate the use and value of national annexes in dual-numbered standards:

a) The standard

specifies a range of values or options, for example, a series of sizes. The national annex is used for information to indicate a selection from the range, as preferred values for use in India. This does not alter the standard or place a restriction on its use, but simply gives guidance on the selection of suitable sizes from a specified range.

b) The standard

lays down a method in which a piece of apparatus is defined in general terms. There is in existence widely-used apparatus that conforms to the characteristics defined in the standard and is known to give reliable and repeatable results. The national annex is used to specify the details of this apparatus, stating that it is given as an example of one way to comply with the requirements of the standard. Alternative means that also comply are not thereby precluded.

4 The standard

makes a reference to another international standard, for example, a method of test, for which there is no corresponding IS. The method ( or part of it that is applicable ) is reasonably short. The national annex is used to reproduce ( as if it were itself a dual-numbered standard ) the relevant content of the standard referred to. By this means, the required material is readily accessible and the difficulty encountered by the absence of a corresponding Indian Standard is overcome.

65

5.2 Multilingual

futernatioual

f3tandard

The majority of IS0 standards are published in separate versions for each of the official languages. IEC standards contain English and French text in the same publication; only the English text shall be reproduced in the correspondtng Indian Standards. Occasionally an international standard, usually a glossary or one concerned with nomenclature, is published with equivalent terms or names in two or three official languages together. If preferred by the BIS committee, the English version may be extracted for national adoption. In such cases a suitable clause shall be given in the foreword.

Example:

Only the English language text in the international standard has been retained while adopting it in this Indian Standard. 6 SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF DRAFTING

6.1 The provisions

of 6 of Part 1 shall generally

apply. 7 AMENDMENTS 7.1 The provisions of 10 of Part 1 shall apply. In the case of amendment of Indian Standards with dual number, it shall be examined whether as a consequence of the amendment, the Indian Standard continues to be technically equivalent with the corresponding IS0 or IEC standard. If not, the standard cannot retain the dual number identity.

8 PRESENTATION

OF TYPESCRIPT

8.1 This shall be the same as given in 7 of Part 1. 9 DETAIL-ED CONVENTIONS 9.1 The convention Part 1. shall be the same as in 8 of

10 STYLE AND LAYOUT FOR NUMERALS, UNITS AND MATHMETICAL MATE-RIAL

10.1 These Part 1.

shall be the same as given in 9 of

56

1s 12 : l&J8

ANNEX
(

Part 1, Clause 2.1 )

INDIAN STANDARDS
Title

LIST OF REFERRED IS

en

IS No.

2 : 1960

2 : 1960 787 : 1956

Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ) Guide for inter-conversion of values from one system of units to another Code of practice for architectural and building drawings ( first
revision )

787 : 1956

962 : 1967

962

: 1967

1275 : 1976

1275 : 1976

Rules for making alphabetical indexes (first revision ) units and symbols

1890 (YTT 0) (sm 13)

1990 ( Part 0 > Quantities, to ( Part 13 )

2032 (Wr 1) 8 (TTq 28) 2381: 1978

2032 ( Part 1 ) Graphical symbols to ( Part 28 ) electrotechnology 2381 : 1978

used

in

Recommendations for bibliographical references : Essential and supplementary elements ( first

revision )

7840 : 1983 7900 : 1976

7840 : 1983 7900 : 1976 10005 : 1985

Technical drawings for glassware Method for writing calendar dates in all-numeric form SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units ( first
revision )

10005 : 1985

ANNEX

( Part 1, Clause 8.8.2 )

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A acceleration due to gravity g AFDC a.c. ASTM AND SYMBOLS

Agricultural and Food Products Division Council ( of BIS ) alternating current ( as adjective >

cqq~~~ F?l%TT'$'Z? 'Xi'78VT

r@ +?f+Wr

Y'J+yq

py;aW&q

merican Society for Testing and Materials

American National Standards Institute ( USA ) ampere ampere-hour ampere per metre Lgstrom April Association Francaise lisation ( France) Atmosphere, August average B Bangladesh Standards Institution ( Bangladesh ) British Standards Institution British thermal unit C calorie candela candela per square metre candle power centi ( lO-2 ) centimetre centimetre per second squared ( acceleration ) centistokes Chemical Division Council ( of BIS ) Civil Engineering ( of BIS ) Codex Alimentarus column Division Council standard de Norma( unit )

ANSI

A Ah A/m i Apr AFNOR

atm Aug avg

BDSI
BSI

T.

Btu

cal cd cd/m*
CP
C

cm cm/s2 cst CDC CEDC

Commission

CAC co1 COVENIN

=+i+Fr

f%&TT;rT (+qrT)

;TiWT

Fhi?+@WTTf~~j %-t$f~;r

$3f+FTF

Comision Venezolana de Normas Industrials ( Venezuela) 58

IS 12 : 1988; +rtft ak sF;~wfqa (3TT@qr& %7) +ri? +r q=qR7 -it;?)

aT?RTM Fi-@qfti87/3F%?

Committee on Conformity ment ( of IS0 )

Assess-

CASCO

9%TTif (#&I~ m4if +=f

(W&Wit 6%??

*&%7~~i;r*Fi?/ +r?TWi? WQ+rPYZi?3it/

5wci WTT~~xT~?/?tW+

Committee on Consumer Policy ( of IS0 ) Committee on Informat ion ( of IS0 )

COPOLCO INFCO

gWiit7r;F
if;?)

aTi?r ?iiit;fT %ifT4TR

(BTfPfT3if m?)

ommittee on Reference ( of IS0 )

Materials

REMCO

Committee on Standardization Principles ( of IS0 ) Commission munities of the European Com-

STACO

EEC

Committee ,for Standardization of Democratic the Peoples Republic of Korea concentrated Consumer Products and Medical Instruments Division Council (of BIS )
C

CSK

cone CMIDC

coulomb D Dansk Standardiseringsraed ( Denmark 3

DS da Dee d dB dm C DIN DEVCO dil

da Dec/fqao d dB dm/&i?$ C Z%TTfP;T

deca (10) December deci (10-l) decibel decimetre degree Celsius Deutsches Institut fiir Normung ( Germany ) Development dilute direct-current ( as adjective ) Committee ( of IS0 )

d.c. DGS&D

Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals DRG/?r$s drawing

59

DRG

1812:1988
E Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Electronics and Telecommunication Division Council ( of BIS ) Electrotechnical (ofBIS) Export Inspection F farad February Figure Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations G General Agreement Trade
9nPR~FWTTI Th %%a %i7 3%Tk& ( rit?Z )

ESCAP LTDC

Division

Council

ETDC EIC

Council

F Feb Fig. FAO

on Tariffs

and for

GATT GOST

USSR State Standards gram ground level H

Committee

g/VT
GL

GL

Hardness, Brinell, Steel Ball Hardness, Hardness, Hardness, Hardness, Brinell, Hard Metal Ball Rockwell, B scale

HBS HBW HRB HRC HV h HZ HF HV h

Rockwell, C scale Vickers

hecto ( 102) hertz high frequency high voltage hour I Industrial Safety Advisory mittee ( of BlS ) Institut Belge ( Belgium ) 60 de Com-

ISAC

Normalisation

IBN

IS 12 : 1980

Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran ( Iran 1

ISIRI

Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization International Commission Electrotechnical

IMCO

IEC

International Federation cation of Standards International

for

Appli-

IFAN

Labour Organization Accredi-

IL0 ILAC

International Laboratory tion Conference International Organization Metrology International Organization Standardization IS0 Information J January Japanese Industrial Committee joule July June K kelvin kilo (103) kilogram kilocalorie kilogram-force metre kilogram metre kg/m3 f%aT
VT Si?

for Legal

OIML

for

IS0 ISONET

Network

Jan Standards JISC J Jul Jun

K k kg kcal per square centikgf/cmz

kg.m kg/m3 kg/cma

kilogram per cubic metre

kg/cm2/fmgT Srf?T ai$ kilogram per square centimetre $97 kilolitre kilometre 61

kl km

km/h f5 *o/Eio

kilometres per hour kilometres per litre kilovolt kilovolt-ampere

km/h km/l kV kVA

kilovolt per miIIimetre

%V/mm

kilowatt kilowatt hour L litre litres per kilometre logarithm ( common ) logarithm ( natural )

kW kWh

1 P/km log loge LF LV lm im/W

low frequency low voltage lumen lumens per watt M March

Mar

Movement and MCPDC Marine, Cargo F&k)aging Division Council ( of maximum M WL/afva. F?ri
_mSL/JTTEq

Max

%T
FT$k

maximum water level mean sea level

MWL MSL

Mechanical Engineering Council ( of BIS ) M/+TT

mW/irWTTE

Division

EDC

mega (106)
megawatt

M MW MWh sylsl m m.kgf

MWh/+TTaTZ Fi0 Ma/%& t-n/R% m.kgf/s?

f*?TTGT

megawatt hour megohm metre metre kilogram force 62

IS 12 : 1988

Metre-Kilogram-Second-Ampere ( system ) metre per second metre per second squared ration ) micro (lo-9 microampere microfarad microgram micrometre microvolt microwatt milli (10m6) milliampere milligram millilitre millimetre millivolt minimum minute ( time ) mole N National Physical Laboratory nano (1O+) newton November number nanometre 0 October ohm ohm-centimetre P page(s) 63 ( or micron ) ( accele-

MKSA m/s m/s2

p PA tLP I% pm CLV WW m mA mg ml mm mV
Min

min mol

NPL n N Nov No. nm

Ott a Q cm

paise Pakistan Standards Institution Pascal parts per million

P PSI Pa ppm

PCDC Petroleum Coal and Related Products Division Council ( of BIS )

P PF
P

pica (lo-12) picofarad poise precipitate Q quintal R radian radian per second radius reactive kilovoltampere

P PF P PPt q

ppt/JTzl5w

rad rad/s r kvar var rd RH RDSO

var rd/ 3TToTo RH/qTo w 0 xTITScfr@l

reactive voltampere relative density relative humidity Research, Designs and Standards Organization ( Ministry of Railways ) revolutions revolutions per minute per second

rev/min rev/s rms Re ( Rs )

rev/min rev/s rms Re (Rs)

root mean square rupee (s) S

second ( time ) Section September siemens South African Bureau of Standards Standard Standards 64 Association of Australia

Set

Set

Sep/fqFTo S

Sep
S

SABS std SAA

IS 12 : 1988 Standards Council of Canada Standards Institution SWG sr St

FiiQTfqT

see
SII SWG sr St SMDC

of Israel

Standard wire gauge steradian stoke Structural &Metals Division Council ( of BIS ) System Internationale T Technical Barriers to Trade temperature tesla Textile Division Council ( of BIS ) tonne turns per centimetre turns per metre turns per decimetre U Ultra high frequency United Nations Organization United Nations Conference and Development on Trade

vmf

SI

TBT temp T TDC t t/cm t/m t/dm

t/m

t/cm t/m t/dm

UHF UN0 UNCTAD

Nations Educational, United Scientific and Cultural Organization United Nations Industrial ment Organization Develop-

UNESCO

UNIDO UNICEF UDC

International Nations United Children Emergency Fund Universal Decimal Classification V vat v.d. VHF/v.b.f. 65
,

vacuum vapour density very high frequency

vat
V.Q.

VHF/v.h.f.

volt

V VA vol

volt-ampere volume W watt watthour weber World Health Organization Y year

W Wh Wb WHO

yr

66

~V;Y v ANNEX- C ( tis 8.15, WT 1 ) ( Cause 8.15, Part 1 )

if& 5fi-i i+ f&TV CT ZWf$VT

EXAMPLE OF LAYOUT OF A TYPESCRIPT

1
I

I
I

. .c 2qqn .REFraQICE

I
a)

1
I I
4.3.2 t
I

fq3TY

%?

fkplf3

8 $TT ql;T%

qi-? $iiGft

915

FIT&t

@ SrTSTh

Wi?

&T

To case of dispute, Erglish Text of this standard shall be considered

authentic.

Standard Mark The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1966 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The Standard Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with the requirements of that standard under a well defined system of inspection, testing and quality control which is devised and supervised by BIS and operated by the producer. Standard marked products are also continuously checked by BIS for conformity to that Details of conditions under which a licence for the use standard as a further safeguard. of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.