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Sri Satvata Tantra

The Devotees of the Lord Volume One


Table of Contents Patala One Avatara-nimitta-kathana Description of the Causes that Precede the Lord's Incarnation Patala T"o Lilavatara-kathana Description of the Pastime Incarnations Patala Three Avatara-bheda-kathana Description of the Different $inds of Incarnations Patala &our 'hakti-bheda (arieties of Devotional Service Patala &ive )u a-dharma-kathana Description of *eli ion for the Different )u as

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Patala One Avatara-nimitta-kathana Description of the Se+uence of Causes that Precede the Lord's Incarnation 1 Sri Suta Gosvami said: I surrender to Sri Krsna, whose form is full of bliss, and who at the beginning of the material creation expanded to become many. !oncerned for the welfare of all living beings, "arada #uni as$ed a %uestion of auspicious &ord Siva, who was seated on the summit of #ount Kailasa. ' Sri "arada said: ( &ord, I wish to hear about the wonderful pastimes of Sri Krsna, the unlimited Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, who expands in many forms and en*oys many transcendental pastimes. + )lease tell me when, why, and in what forms the &ord appeared ,in -is many incarnations.. / ( best of the wise, please elaborately explain the reason the &ord appears in the forms of -is incarnations. 0 Sri Siva said: ( fortunate one, ( best of the devotees, 1ou have as$ed well, for you inspire me to describe the powers and glories of the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. 2 ( noble3hearted one, even after many hundreds of years I will not be able to see the farther shore of the descriptions of &ord 4isnu5s incarnations and -is universal form. 6 Still, I will extract the essence of those descriptions and tell them to you, ( "arada, as the merciful &ord -imself told them to me. 7 Glories to -im8 (beisances to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, whose form is that of a cowherd boy8 "ow I will spea$ ,the scripture. named Satvata

9antra, which nourishes devotion to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. 1: ;hat the impersonalist philosophers thin$ is the unmanifested, eternal, omniscient, unchanging <rahman, the devotees $now is the supremely opulent )ersonality of Godhead. 11 ,;hen the material universe was first manifested. the all3powerful &ord, considering that nothing yet had become visible, manifested -imself in two ways: 1. as existence, and . as truth. 1 9hen by -is spiritual potency -e manifested the material energy. 9hen -e -imself appeared as the great purusa3avatara, the only resting place of all the worlds. <ecause he acted in this way, the 4edas call -im <hagavan ,the supremely opulent )ersonality of Godhead.. 1' 9hen the &ord5s material energy assumed the forms of material causes and effects and divided itself into the three modes. 1+ Some say that is was from the &ord5s own invincible act in the form of time. <ecause of time the material energy became agitated and from that agitation the three modes were manifested. 1/ =rom the unmanifested form of the Supreme was manifested the mahat3tattva, and from the mahat3 tattva was manifested $arma, which gives pure and impure results to the conditioned souls. 10 =rom that was manifested the constant flux of the material nature. 9he $nowers of the 4edas call the subtle aspect of this constant flux >svabhava>. 12 9he previously described purusa3avatara is the form of the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. 9ime, $arma and svabhava rest within -im. -e causes the material energy to act.

16 9he purusa3avatara manifested the goddess of material energy, who rules over the modes of nature. =rom her was manifested the mahat3tattva, which manifested material $nowledge and actions. 17 9he wise $now that from the mahat3tattva the &ord manifested false3ego, which is situated in goodness, passion and ignorance. : =rom false3ego in the mode of goodness were manifested the mind, and the demigods that control $nowledge and action. 4ayu, 4aruna, the deities of the directions, and the ?svini3$umaras, were manifested with $nowledge as the catalyst. 1 ?gni, Indra, #itra and @pendra were manifested with $arma as the catalyst. =rom false3ego in the mode of passion were manifested the senses of $nowledge and action, such as the s$in, tongue, ears, eyes, nose, intelligence, and what is related to them. ' ?lso were manifested the wor$ing senses, such as the voice, hands, anus, genitals and feet. =rom false3 ego in the mode of ignorance were manifested the five material elements and the tan3matras ,ob*ects of the senses.. + =rom false3ego in the mode of ignorance, sound was manifested first. 9hen from sound space was manifested. =rom space, which was a form of sound, touch was manifested. =rom touch, air was manifested, and then from air, fire was manifested. =rom fire form was manifested. / =rom form pure water was manifested. =rom water fragrance was manifested and from fragrance earth was manifested. 0 9he mahat3tattva, false3ego, sound, touch, form, taste, and fragrance are all considered transformations of the material energy. 2 9he wise $now that from the material energy sound was manifested. 9hey $now that from sound various material transformations were manifested. 6 In s$y sound is present. In air sound and touch are present. In fire sound, touch and form are present. In water sound, touch, form and taste are present. In earth they are all present. 7 9his is the se%uence of causes and effects. #ore causes and effects are also seen after these. ': 4isnu has three forms called purusas. 9he first, #aha34isnu, is the creator of the total material energy ,mahat., the second is Garbhodasayi, who is situated within each universe, and the third is Ksirodasyi, who lives in the heart of every living being.>A '1 ( best of the brahmanas, please $now that the mahat3tattva and the other tattvas are manifested from the purusa3avatara. ' 9hen, by the desire of the purusa3avatara, all these tattvas came together and manifested the universal form, the soul of the creation. '' ;ithin the universal form is an open space of five hundred million miles. 9hat open space is surrounded by seven coverings, each one ten times greater than the one before it. '+ 9hey say that space is the home of the purusa3 avatara. 9he purusa3avatara entered it and was all3 pervading within it, but still the universal form remained unconscious.

'/ 9he tattvas manifested from the purusa3avatara are called nara. <ecause these naras are -is home ,ayana., the &ord is called "arayana. '0 <ecause -e resides ,usa. in the home ,pur. of the universal form5s body, the Supreme &ord is called purusa. '2 ;hen the Supreme &ord, who is the root of the material energy, entered as &ord "arayana into the body of the universal form, the universal from attained consciousness and stood up. '7 In the universal form were born &ord -ari5s incarnation <rahma as well as the moving and unmoving living entities. 9he wise $now that the universal form encompasses all the planets of the universe. +: =illed with false3ego the individual living entities thin$ they are the universal form, and for this reason they are also called >purusa>. 9hen &ord "arayana entered within them and became the Supersoul in their hearts. +1 ,9he wise. say that the Supersoul is the resting place of all living entities and the eternal seed from which thousands of divine incarnations have come. + =rom a part of the Supersoul the demigod <rahma, who is situated in the mode of passion, was born in the creation. &ord 4isnu, the controller of the mode of goodness, placed the universe in his charge. +' Siva, who is situated in the mode of ignorance, effects the dissolution of the material universe. 9hese are &ord 4isnu5s incarnations that act within the three modes of nature. ++ In this way I have described these partial incarnations of the &ord. =rom <rahma were manifested #arici, ?tri, ?ngira,... +/ ...)ulastya, )ulaha, Kratu, Ba$sa, <hrgu, 4asistha, ?tharva, and the pra*apatis headed by Kardama. +0 9hey had many sons, grandsons, and great3 grandsons who, given special powers by the &ord, were diligently engaged in he wor$ of creation. +2 =rom a part of &ord 4isnu were born Bharma, 1a*na, <rhat, 9rivrt, and the #anus, headed by Svayambhuva, who are famous in the worlds. +6 =rom them were born the demigods headed by Indra, who are parts of &ord 4isnu, and who protect the planets. In this way I have described them. +7 =rom a part of Siva were born hundreds of Cudras and hundreds of great serpents. 9hese beings were all violent by nature. /: Siva5s partial expansions are situated in the mode of ignorance. 9hey are horrible and ugly. 9hey destroy the worlds. /1 "ow I will describe to 1ou &ord -ari5s pastime incarnations, who are situated in the mode of pure goodness, who are peaceful, and who are loved by the people. / I offer my respectful obeisances to &ord Krsna, the limitless Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, whose form is spiritual, who is the &ord of sacrifices, and who to protect the universe appeared in many different forms.

Patala T"o 2

Lilavatara-kathana Description of the Pastime Incarnations 1 9o protect the 4edas the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, appeared as -ayagriva at the yuga5s beginning. -e $illed the great demons #adhu and Kaitabha and from -is nose -e manifested the 4edas sought by the scriptures personified. ;ishing to give renunciation to the people, the &ord appeared in the beginning as the four Kumaras. -e taught the pure yoga system to those who had pure hearts and -e -imself was renounced from material en*oyment. ' 9hen the &ord appeared in the form of "arada and brought the pure yoga of acting without $armic results, which is described in the )ancaratra. 9o some of -is disciples the &ord taught the highest form of renunciation. + Buring the period under Svayambhuva #anu5s protection, &ord "arayana, the master of all, appeared from <rahma in the form of a great boar. -e lifted the earth to protect it and, attac$ing with -is tus$, -e $illed Biti5s son. / 9he &ord appeared as Sesa, who decorates the universe beneath all the planets. ?ll the planets are li$e a small artistic picture painted on -is hoods. 9he sages and great serpents serve -is feet. 0 <elow &ord Sesa is &ord Kurma, whose great transcendental body fills the entire universe. Sesa is li$e a small line ,on -is shell.. ?ryama, the leader of the )itas, worships -im. 2 ?lthough only five years old, Bhruva left his mother and performed austerities in #adhuvana. 9he merciful Supreme &ord appeared before him and gave him his own planet. 9he great sages and sannyasis worship him. 6 Seeing Kardama #uni5s austerities aimed at attaining mystic powers, the &ord appeared as Su$la in a pure and splendid transcendental form. ?fter giving him the benediction that -e would appear as his son, with a tear of bliss the &ord created a holy la$e. 7 <orn as the son of Cuci and ?$uti, the &ord was famous by the name of 1a*na. 9o protect the three worlds -e performed a ya*na where the arani stic$s were the demons. 1: 9he &ord became Bevahuti5s son, named Kapila, who was the leader of the siddhas. -e gave to her -is own transcendental potency and -e taught her the pure san$hya3yoga system, which enables one to distinguish between spirit and matter. -e explained that pure yoga system to many great devotees also. 11 9he limitless &ord became ?tri5s son, who was named Batta, and who was the great master of yoga. 9o )rahlada, -aihaya, 1adu and many other devoted disciples, -e taught the science of seeing everything with e%ual vision, which -e had learned from many gurus. 1 9he &ord became "ara and "arayana Csis, the two sons of Bharma and his wife #urti, who was Ba$sa5s daughter. 9o attain peacefulness, generosity, mercifulness, and purity of heart and body, the two &ords performed severe austerities that brought pain to the $ing of the demigods. 1' 9he &ord was born from King "abhi and was name Csabha. ?ttaining complete mastery over the

yoga system, and -is desires always fulfilled, -e taught the science of yoga to -is many sons. -e -imself acted as the great yogis do, remaining free of $arma. 1+ ;hen the four Kumaras preached to &ord <rahma the idea that the Supreme has no %ualities, the &ord appeared as a swan and, -is heart melting with compassion, explained to the sages that the Supreme both has and does not have %ualities. 1/ ;hen King 4ena was $illed by the brahmanas, his arms were massaged, the &ord appeared in the form of King )rthu. -e made the unhappy people peaceful and mil$ed all opulences from the earth. 10 ;hen Siva destroyed Ba$sa5s ya*na, the &ord appeared in a eight3armed form to please Siva and accept the ghee offered by <hrgu. 9he demigods, humans, and many others offered prayers to the &ord. 12 <orn as Gaya in King )riyavrata5s dynasty, the &ord became very famous by the actions of -is body, mind, and words. 1a*na personified, which had the form of Indra, passionately competed with -im. 16 ;ishing to en*oy the glances and other pastimes that )ra*apati Samvatsara5s son en*oyed with the 1amini5s, the &ord descended in the form of Kamadeva and en*oyed amorous pastimes with the goddess of fortune. 17 Seeing they were engaged in severe austerities, the merciful and unlimited &ord appeared before King )racinabarhi5s sons in a very peaceful form. -e gave them the worship of -is feet and -e instructed them to stay at home with the trees5 daughter. : In the Svarocisa3manvantara the &ord was born as 4ibhu, the son of the brahmana 4edasirsa and 9usita3devi. -e was the best of they who follow all the principles of religion. ?s the teacher of the world -e carefully followed the vow of celibacy taught by the sages. 1 In the third manvantara the &ord was born as Satyasena, the son of Bharma and the friend of King Indra. 9o protect the three worlds -e $illed many demonic 1a$sas and Ca$sasas. In the fourth manvantara &ord -ari rescued the $ing of the elephants, who called out, >( "arayana8> as he was being dragged into a la$e by a very powerful crocodile. In the same way the &ord, who is the $ing of the demigods, rescues ,-is devotees. from the ocean of repeated birth and death. ' Buring the fifth manvantara the &ord appeared as 4ai$untha, the best of brahmanas. Ce%uested by her, the unlimited &ord revealed the spiritual world to the goddess of fortune. + In the sixth manvantara the &ord appeared as ?*ita, the son of the brahmana 4aira*a. Seeing the demigods bro$en by a brahmana5s curse, the &ord became unhappy. ?ssisted by the demigods and demons, -e at once churned the ocean of mil$. / 9he demigods and demons were disappointed when the great mountain fell from their hands as they churned the ocean. -is heart melting with compassion, the &ord assumed the form of a wonderful tortoise. 9he &ord considered that the mountain moving on -is body pleasantly scratched the itching -e felt. 0 ;ishing to cure the great distress born from churning the mil$ ocean, the &ord became Bhanvantari, the en*oyer of sacrifices. -e carried a great cup of nectar that was the ?yur 4eda. 3

2 ;hen the demons stole the nectar, the demigods too$ shelter of &ord Bhanvantari. 9he &ord then became #ohini, whose desires are always fulfilled. -e bewildered the demons and ended the demigods5 sufferings. 6 <ecause -e received from him a gift of water, the &ord appeared before Satyavrata as a great fish. ?s -e en*oyed pastimes on the ocean of devastation, the infallible &ord pulled a boat the siDe of the earth and taught the science of spiritual life to the brahmanas. 7 In order to rip apart the sufferings of the three worlds, the &ord appeared as "rsimha. 9o protect -is devotee, the &ord grabbed the $ing of the demons and with -is claw ripped open the demon5s chest. ': ;hen <ali with his armies con%uered the three worlds, the &ord appeared as 4amana. ?s$ing for charity, -e too$ three steps and in this way gave the heavenly planets to ?diti5s sons. '1 9he &ord said, >I am the follower of #y devotee>, and to prove -is words -e entered the lower worlds, became the guard named Gadadhara, protected <ali5s home, and expelled the demon Cavana. ' 9he &ord appeared as Cama in the family of <hrgu #uni. ;hen -is father was $illed, the &ord too$ a great sharp axe and made it so the earth had no more $satriyas upon it. 9hen -e gave the earth to the brahmanas and went to live on #ount #ahendra. '' -is lotus feet served by the demigods, the &ord appeared as &ord Cama, who was a moon born from the ocean of the sun3god5s dynasty. &ed by 4isvamitra, in order to destroy the demigods5 enemies the &ord bro$e Siva5s great bow. '+ 9he &ord showed -is prowess to )arsurama, married beautiful and fair Sita, and, hearing of -is father5s words when -e returned home, went to live in the forest with -is new bride. '/ 9he &ord crossed the Ganga, was followed by -is younger brother, left #ount !itra$uta, $illed the demon 4iradha, and chased with -is bow $illed the cruel demon #arica, who had assumed the form of a stag. 9he &ord attained a terrible state when Sita was $idnapped by the $ing of &an$a. '0 9hin$ing the moon a blaDing sun, a gentle breeDe a howling wind, a garland of malati and malli$a flowers a string of crescent moons, and singing a collection of spar$s, -e laughed and loo$ed about as a man deeply in love with a woman and now filled with anxiety for -is beloved. ?s -e was en*oying pastimes with Eambavan, Kamadeva had stolen -is mind. '2 9he &ord $illed the mon$ey3$ing 4ali, built a bridge with -is great friend, crossed the ocean, and with many great mon$eys $illed an army of hundred thousand ya$sas and ra$sasas. ;ith a blaDing arrow -e $illed &an$a5s $ing and -e also $illed the $ing5s sons and younger brothers. In this way the &ord recovered splendid Sita and returned to -is own city. '6 )rotecting also the sun and the other planets, the &ord ruled the earth. -e protected all the principles of religion and the service of the cows, brahmanas, and the wise. -e led -is devotees, who were all filled with love for -im, from the city and the forest to -is own peaceful abode. '7 <y &ord Cama5s order -is younger brother <harata stayed in -is own home. 9he &ord abandoned

-is opulences and accepted the vow of vanaprastha. 9he &ord also defeated many millions of Gandharvas. +: -is younger brother Sri &a$smana went to the forest and with many great austerities served Cama and Sita. (n &ord Cama5s order, &a$smana, who was a fire that burned the armies of -is enemies, left -is body and went to -is own transcendental abode. +1 4ery powerful and pure intelligent Satrughna, was very $ind to the poor and wretched. ;ith -is chivalrous power -e bro$e the pride of -is enemies. -e served the devotees and $illed the demon &avana. -e was very handsome. -e treated e%ually -is own associates and strangers. + 9o show #ar$andeya #uni that all the planets in the world of maya rest in -is abdomen, the &ord assumed the form of a small child reclining on a banyan leaf and intently suc$ing -is toe. +' 9o protect they who were defeated in battle by the horrible and ugly demon 4rtra, the &ord assumed the form of the best of the demigods. )raised by Garuda and the $innaras, the &ord removed everyone5s sufferings, fears and griefs. ++ (ut of compassion the &ord saved the 4ali$hilyas, the best of the brahmanas, who, the siDe of a thumb, were the ob*ect of Indra5s laughter. ;hen, as they were carrying firewood in their hands to serve their spiritual master, they fell in a cow5s hoof print puddle and were drowning, they appealed to the &ord and -e rescued them. +/ ;hen the seed of King Busyanta was placed in Sa$untala, the Supreme &ord, who is never born, too$ birth. ;hen the limitless &ord performed many ya*nas and gave great wealth in charity, the $ings that had performed many asvamedha3ya*nas became filled with wonder. +0 Seeing that the people in Kali3yuga will have neither intelligence nor spiritual strength, the &ord will appear as the son of )arasara #uni and 4asu5s daughter. -e will collect and arrange the 4edas. +2 In the 4rsni dynasty the &ord will appear as &ord <aladeva. ;ith -is great strength -e will brea$ apart the strength of the demigods5 enemies. ?s if -e were plowing the fields -e will drag the Kuru5s capitol with -is plow, ma$ing everyone there tremble with fear. +6 <earing the name Sri Krsna, the unborn &ord, who is full of all transcendental potencies, will ta$e birth to expand -is glories. -e will give happiness to the earth, King 4rsni, and the devotees that ta$e shelter of -is feet. +7 In -is original form the &ord was born in 4asudeva5s home. -e went to Go$ula and, appearing as a child, with many pastimes and with charming childish words and laughter delighted the cows, gopas, and gopis. /: 9o protect 4ra*a -e will $ill many great demons sent by Kamsa. -olding a great mountain in -is left hand for seven days, -e will crush Indra5s pride. /1 ;hen <rahma steals the calves and gopa boys, <alarama will be at first bewildered. 9he limitless &ord will assume the forms of the many gopa boys, remove <alarama5s bewilderment, and also deliver <rahma from a host of illusions. / <y playfully playing the flute the &ord will fill the gopis with amorous desires and made them run to 4rndavana forest. ;ith them -e will en*oy 4

transcendental amorous pastimes that fill the demigods with wonder. /' -e and <alarama brought by ?$rura to Kamsa5s festival, the &ord will %uic$ly brea$ Siva5s bow and then $ill the elephant Kuvalayapida, the wrestler !anura and Kamsa himself. /+ ;ishing to offer guru3da$sina, the &ord will give Sandipani #uni his dead son ,returned to life.. 9he &ord will $ill Earasandha and 1avanasura. -e will marry many hundreds of wives headed by Cu$mini and -e will father ten sons in each of them. // 9he &ord will $ill "ara$asura and his associates, and, going to the heavenly realm he will return the *ewel earrings to the mother of the demigods. 9o please -is beloved -e will ta$e away the $ing of Indra5s trees. 9hen -e will defeat the demigods in battle. /0 9he &ord will defeat <anasura in battle. ;hen -e eclipses my own powers -e will establish -imself as the best of the immortal demigods. ;hen 1udhisthira defeats the $ings in battle and performs a ya*na, the &ord will $ill Sisupala, -is old rival for Cu$mini5s hand. In this way the &ord will remove a great burden from the earth. /2 -e will show the world the importance of honouring the brahmanas. -e will bestow limitless mercy on -is servants. -e will protect King )ari$sit from being burdened by a brahmastra weapon. ;hile acting for a brahmana5s sa$e -e will show ?r*una the <huma3purusa. /6 =or one who directly worship -is transcendental form, the supremely pure &ord removes from his heart the lust, affections, fears, and attachments that come with household life. 9o him the &ord reveals -is own transcendental form. ;hat more can I say than thisF /7 =or they who are devoted to the pollen of the &ord5s lotus feet and who are thus plunged in a great ocean of bliss the pseudo3happiness of impersonal liberation does not appear, what to spea$ of the fears created by lust and attachment. 0: 9he &ord will show -is transcendental glories which are greater than visiting the Ganga and other holy places, performing austerities and sacrifices, following vows, and performing many other pious deeds. (n the pretext of a brahmana5s curse -e will $ill -is own exalted family. In -is own transcendental body -e will return to -is pure and transcendental abode. 01 =rom the &ord will be born a son named )radyumna, whose virtues will be li$e the &ord5s, and who will bring great happiness to the people. ;ith -is smiling face and handsome limbs he will ma$e them happy as if he were giving them sweet nectar to drin$. 0 =rom the &ord will also be born unborn ?niruddha, the original Beity of the mind and the original creator of words. ;hen ?niruddha $idnaps usa, <anasura will loose the great power of -is many arms and will become a peaceful follower of Siva. 0' =rom the arani wood of 4yasadeva will be born <hagavan Su$adeva, a great yogi who will spea$ to the people a beautiful, pure and peaceful boo$ that is the essence of all the 4edas, a boo$ that brings one to the &ord. <y having faith in this boo$ the people in Kali3 yuga will attain peace.

0+ In Kali3yuga the &ord will appear as <uddha, the son of a *ina. -e will write seductive heretical scriptures that bewilder the demons. 0/ ;hen the path of devotion to the &ord is destroyed by a host of heretical scriptures and the brahmanas have gone astray, the &ord will appear as the brilliant sun that is the Kal$i incarnation. ?ttac$ing the blinding dar$ness that is a host of demon3$ings, -e will protect the principles of religion. 00 Buring the eight manvantara the &ord will appear as Sri Sarvabhauma, the son of Sarasvati3devi and the great brahmana Bharmagupta. @nderstanding <ali5s glories, -e will ta$e the opulence of Indra and give it to <ali #ahara*a. 02 Buring the ninth manvantara the peerless &ord will become Csabha, the son of ?mbudhara and ?yus$ara, and the friend of the Indra named ?dbhuta. -e will come to $ill the enemies of the demigods, protect the worlds, and teach the principles of morality to the people. 06 Buring the tenth manvantara the &ord will appear in 4isuci5s home as 4isva$sena. -e will be the close friend of the Indra named Sambhu. -e will protect the demigods, con%uer the worlds, and, with a great army $ill the demigods5 enemies. 07 In the eleventh manvantara the &ord will appear as Bharmasetu, the grandson of ?rtha$a. -e will protect the demigods, $ill the demons, and give the realm of the demigods to 4idhrti5s son. 2: In the twelfth manvantara the &ord will appear as Svadhama, the son of Sunrta3devi and the brahmana satyasaha. -e will protect the yuga and bring great happiness to the universe. 21 In the thirteenth manvantara the &ord will appear as 1ogesvara, the son of Bevahotra and <rhati. -e will befriend the Indra Bivaspati in the heavenly worlds and by -is mystic power -e will manifest a limitless form. 2 ?fter that the &ord will appear in Satrayana5s home as the son of Bevavanita3devi. !oncerned for the welfare of the world, -e will teach the science of $riya3 yoga. 2' ( brahmana, thus I have described the many pure incarnations of the &ord, who have descended for the welfare of the universe. Some incarnations are complete manifestations of the &ord, some partial, and some are parts of -is parts. =ollowing the paths of $nowledge, pious deeds, or meditative trance, one should remember these forms of the &ord. 2+320 9he eighteen great faults are said to be: 1. illusion, . laDiness, '. bewilderment, +. cruelty, /. overpowering lust, 0. fic$leness, 2. madness, 6. envy, 7. violence, 1:. lamentation, 11. exhaustion, 1 . dishonesty, 1'. anger, 1+. longing, 1/, fear, 10. wandering aimlessly in the material worlds, 12. coarseness, and 16. dependence on others. 9he &ord5s transcendental form is full of all powers and opulences. It is eternal and full of $nowledge and bliss. 22 I ta$e shelter of &ord Krsna, the master of the universes. -is pastime incarnations again and again protect the worlds that are home to the moving and unmoving creatures. Patala Three 5

Avatara-bheda-kathana Description of Different $inds of Incarnations 1 Sri "arada said: ( &ord, you have described the many incarnations of &ord 4isnu. "ow please describe -is sampurna ,complete., amsa ,partial., and $ala ,parts of a part. forms. ;hat is the nature of the partial and sub3partial incarnations of &ord Krsna, <rahman, and )aramatmaF ( &ord, please tell this to us. ' Sri Siva said: ( brahmana, you have spo$en the truth. ?ll the incarnations of &ord Krsna and -is )aramatma expansion are divided into amsa ,parts. and $ala ,parts of a part.. + <ecause it is eternal, undivided and always changeless, the wise philosophers devoted to the &ord never describe any incarnations of <rahman. / 9hey say that the forms of the &ord of the universes are considered full ,purna., partial ,amsa., or sub3partial ,$ala. according to the $nowledge, power and other opulences the &ord manifests. 0 ?lthough the &ord always manifests -is $nowledge, power and other opulences, -is incarnations, because of the nature of 9heir mission, do not manifest them in full. 2 9he form of the &ord that manifests in full the opulences of mystic power, $nowledge, piety, renunciation, wealth and fame are called the full ,purna. manifestation of the &ord by the wise. 6 ?s the &ord5s incarnations manifest less and less of these opulences they are considered partial ,amsa. and sub3partial ,$ala. incarnations. 7 )artial ,amsa. incarnations manifest one fourth of the &ord5s opulence, sub3partial ,$ala. incarnations manifest one sixteenth, and potency ,vibhuti. incarnations manifest one hundredth of the &ord5s opulence. 1: ( best of brahmanas, now please hear from me the nature of the opulences of mystic power, $nowledge, piety, renunciation, wealth and fame. 11 ( pious one, transcendental $nowledge is of six $inds, $nowledge of: 1. the creation of the material universes, . the destruction of the material universes, '. ignorance, +. $nowledge, /. going ,to the material world. and 0. returning ,to the spiritual world.. 1 )iety has four aspects: 1. honesty, . purity, '. mercy and +. silence ,from materialistic tal$ing.. 1' ( noble one, the four $inds of renunciation are: 1. humility, . giving honour to others, '. renunciation of material sense3happiness, and +. self3control. 1+ 9he eight mystic powers are: 1. becoming very small ,amina., . becoming very light and thus able to fly here and there ,laghima., '. becoming very large ,mahima., +. having one5s desires always fulfilled ,pra$amya., /. being able to get anything ,prapti., 0. becoming very powerful ,asita., 2. bringing others under one5s control ,vasita., and 6. being able to contradict the laws of material nature and thus do any impossible thing ,$amavasayita.. 1/ ;ealth is said to be the possession of servants, counsellors, friends, relatives, children, grandchildren, wives, garments, ornaments, treasuries filled with valuables, armies consisting of four divisions ,elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry., land, many $inds of weapons, fortresses, and many other things.

10 ? person is famous because of his deeds or his virtues. 12 9he &ord5s deeds are of four $inds: 1. creation of the material universes, . maintenance of the material universes, '. destruction of the material universes, and +. the very wonderful activities of -is pastime incarnations. 16 9he wise say that the &ord5s virtues cannot be counted. Still, I will describe 0 of them to you. 17 9he &ord5s virtues are: 1. love for the brahmanas ,brahmanya., . being the shelter of the surrendered souls ,saranya., '. love for the devotees ,bha$ta3vatsalya., +. generosity ,datrtva., /. truthfulness ,satya3sandhatva., 0. great strength ,vi$rantatva., 2. self3control ,niyamyata.... : ...6. invincibility ,dur*ayatva., 7. being free from becoming hurt ,duhsaratva., 1:, being the proper ob*ect of service ,nisevyatva., 11. tolerance ,sahisnuta., 1 . peacefulness ,a$sobhyatva., 1'. independence ,svatantratva., 1+. being aloof from material things ,nairape$sya., 1/. being the best ,sva3sausthava.... 1 ...10. heroism ,saurya., 12. nobility ,audaryam., 16. religiousness ,asti$ya., 17. steadiness ,sthairya., :. peacefulness ,dhairya., 1. cheerfulness ,prasannata., . profundity ,gambhirya., '. humility ,prasraya., +. good character ,sila., /, boldness ,pragalbhya., 0. honesty ,rta., 2. auspiciousness ,mangala.... ... 6. control of the mind ,sama., 7 control of the senses ,dama., ':. power ,bala., '1. expertise ,da$sya., ' . bringing happiness ,$sema., ''. *oyfulness ,harsa., '+, freedom from false ego ,anahan$rti., '/. satisfaction ,santosa., '0. righteousness ,ar*ava., '2. being e%ual to all ,samya., '6. being cheerful at heart ,mano3bhagya., '7. scholarship ,sruta., +:. happiness ,su$ha.... ' ...+1. renunciation ,tyaga., + . fearlessness ,abhaya., +'. purifying others ,pavana., ++. glory ,te*ah., +/. cleverness ,$ausala., +0, being a shelter for others ,asraya., +2 resolution ,dhrti., +6. forgiveness ,$sama., +7 memory ,smrti., /: shyness ,la**a., /1. faithfulness ,sraddha., / . friendliness ,maitri., /'. compassion ,daya., /+. dignity ,unnati., ... + ...//. tran%uillity ,santi., /0. prosperity ,pusti., /2. elo%uence ,suva$., /6. purity ,suddhhi., /7, intelligence ,buddhi., 0:. $nowledge ,vidya., 01. wisdom ,vidya., and 0 . protection ,sva3ra$sata.. 9hese are some of the &ord5s opulences. "ow I have described them to you. / 9he form of the &ord that manifests all these %ualities in full is called the &ord5s full ,purna. manifestation. ?n incarnation that manifests these %ualities in part is considered a partial ,amsa. incarnation, and an incarnation that manifests these %ualities in a lesser part is considered a sub3partial ,$ala. incarnation. 0 ?n incarnation that manifests these %ualities in still lesser part is considered a potency ,vibhuti. incarnation. Sri Krsna is not an incarnation or a partial expansion of the Supreme, for -e is the original, eternal, pure, spiritual, sole Supreme )ersonality of Godhead -imself. 2 <ecause in the course of performing -is activities -e displayed all these opulences one after

another as it was appropriate, &ord Krsna is the full and complete ,purna. form of the &ord. 6 9he incarnations beginning with &ord -ayagriva manifest these opulences to a lesser degree than &ord Krsna does, and therefore they are called partial ,amsa. incarnations. 7 9hese incarnations are Cama, #atsya, Kurma, 4araha, "rsimha, -ayagriva, the manvantara incarnations headed by 1a*na... ': ...the incarnations headed by Su$la, Csabha, "ara3"arayana Csis, Battatreya, and, in Kali3yuga, <uddha and Kal$i. '1 9hese incarnations are said to have displayed only a part of &ord 4isnu5s $nowledge, pastimes, powers, and other opulences. "ara Csi entered ?r*una, and therefore ?r*una is an avesa incarnation of "ara Csi. &ord Krsna, however, is the original Supreme )ersonality of Godhead -imself. ' 9he Kumaras, "arada, 4yasa, Su$adeva, and others are sub3partial ,$ala. incarnations. 9hey display a part of the &ord5s transcendental $nowledge. '' Gaya, )rthu, and <harata are sub3partial ,$ala. incarnations endowed with specific potencies ,sa$ti.. 9he incarnations of the modes of nature are headed by <rahma. 9he parts of these incarnations are the potency ,vibhuti. incarnations. '+ ( $ing of the brahmanas, in this way I have described to 1ou the &ord5s full ,purna. manifestation, and -is partial ,amsa. and sub3partial ,$ala. incarnations, which are considered according to the degree the &ord5s transcendental activities and opulences are displayed. '/ ( brahmana, ( gentle one, ( best of the devotees, these divisions do not apply to the impersonal <rahman. "either do they apply to &ord Krsna, who is the original Supreme )ersonality of Godhead and the source from which the many incarnations have come. '0 ( Siva, please describe to me the nature of the original source of the incarnations. Is that source the impersonal <rahman or the Supreme )ersonality of GodheadF '2 ?re &ord Krsna and &ord "arayana, the master of 4ai$untha, the same person, or are they differentF '6 Sri Siva said: ( son of <rahma, ( brahmana, ( best of the devotees, please hear as I tell you the great secret of the original source of the incarnations. '7 9he source of the incarnations is one, although -e is variously called Sri Krsna, <rahman, and the purusa incarnation or Supersoul. +: ?s the circle of the sun has many features, so the Supreme appears as Sri Krsna, <rahman, and the purusa incarnation ,Supersoul.. +13+ 9he great souls that understand the Satvata 9antra and have faith in devotional service say that supremely blissful and glorious Sri Krsna, who is eternal, whose form is of pure goodness, and who resides in the spiritual world served by -is devotees, is the highest. +' 9he students of 4edanta, who have faith in the process of philosophical speculation, and who follow the scriptures of philosophical speculation, say that the highest is the eternal impersonal <rahman... ++ ...which has no hands, feet, eyes, ears, sense of touch, nose or form, which is brilliant light, has all powers, is beyond the words and the mind...

+/ ...is full of bliss and $nowledge, and is the cause of everything. +0 9he students of the three 4edas who become worshippers of the Supersoul say that blissful and eternal &ord "arayana, who never suffers and who is the universal form with a thousand faces, is the highest. +23+6 9hey who are intent on performing pious deeds say that the purusa incarnation, who is beyond the material worlds, who creates, maintains, and destroys the material worlds, who grants transcendental bliss, who is peaceful, and who delivers the devotees from the ocean of repeated birth and death is the highest. +7 ( brahmana, because -e is all3pervading, and because -e has created everything, &ord Krsna is the highest. 9herefore the wise say there is no difference between &ord Krsna, the Supersoul, and the impersonal <rahman. /: -e appears in different ways before the different senses of different viewers. In this way the original Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, &ord Krsna, is said to be manifested in different ways. /1 9herefore all the great sages agree that Sri Krsna, who entered Beva$i5s womb and en*oyed pastimes li$e those of a human being, is the original Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. / 9herefore &ord Krsna, who displays many different activities beginning with the creation of the material worlds, is said to be the origin of all incarnations. /' -e is the original Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, who should be worshipped by all people. 9o give to the people many gifts beginning with liberation, -e descended to the human world and appeared to be a human being. /+ 9herefore, by performing the various activities of devotional service without material desire the people should always worship -im, the master of all and the controller of liberation. // ( brahmana, now I have described to you the many incarnations of the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. 1ou are the best of the devotees. ;hat shall I describe to you nextF

Patala &our 'hakti-bheda (arieties of Devotional Service 1 Sri "arada said: ?s I hear your nectar words my thirst to hear more and more remains unsatiated. 9he glory of the description of &ord -ari5s avataras is the supreme auspiciousness. "ow that I have heard all this, I yearn to hear about the different $inds of devotional service the living entities render to the Supreme &ord. ' ( &ord Sadasiva, please describe to me the different $inds of devotional service to &ord 4isnu. ( &ord, by understanding the truth of devotional service, a person attains the same transcendental position as &ord 4isnu. + Sri Siva said: ( saintly one, it is good that you as$ about this. 9his is a great secret I will not reveal to any but a devotee of the &ord.

/ (nce, pleased at heart by my activities of meditation, all3powerful &ord Krsna spo$e to me. ?t that time the merciful &ord forbade me to describe ,devotional service. to the non devotees. 0 9hen I bowed down before the &ord, placing my head at -is feet. 9he &ord said: 1ou should tell these things only to the devotees. 2 9hen, pleased at heart, the &ord who is the goal of the saintly devotees said to me: ( Siva, auspiciousness to you8 &isten. I will tell this only to the saintly devotees. 6 ( #ahadeva, $now that they who intently meditate on #e, who consider #e their very life, who are eager to hear of #y glories, and who are respectful to all living entities, are #y devotees. 7 )leased with them I describe the different $inds of devotional service along with the ways to attain them, ( Siva, in this way the devotional service you perform will become perfect. 1: ( Sadasiva, pleased at heart, I will describe these different $inds of devotional service, along with the ways to attain them, to anyone who has faith in your words. 11 "ow I will describe to you the different $inds of devotional service, along with the ways to attain them. ? person who is fond of glorifying the &ord is the best of devotees. 1 9he love of the gopis is famous as >$ama>. <ecause it is unbro$en, full of bliss and beyond the material modes, unalloyed devotional service is called >priti> by the wise. 1' Bevotional service is of three $inds: 1. *nana, . $riya, '. lila. ( brahmana, now please hear of these from me. 1+ 1. Enana Bevotional Service Enana devotional service consists of unbro$en meditation on &ord -ari, the Supersoul in everyone5s heart. @ntouched by the modes of material nature, *nana devotional service is better than impersonal liberation. 1/ Kriya Bevotional Service Kriya devotional service consists of ma$ing the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, &ord 4isnu, the goal of all sense activities by offering ,the fruits. one5s wor$ to -im. Kriya devotional service moc$s impersonal liberation. 10 &ila Bevotional Service &ila devotional service is manifested when by hearing &ord -ari5s pastimes in the association of devotees one develops love for -im. 9he devotees should always perform this $ind of devotional service. "o other service is better than this. 12 ( best of the devotees, now please hear the ways by which, step by step, one attains devotional service to &ord -ari. 163 1 <y performing the duties of varnasrama prescribed according to one5s own nature, by not harming others, by hearing about, seeing, touching , worshipping, offering prayers to, and offering obeisances to the &ord5s Beity form and -is other forms, by being detached from the ob*ects of sense gratification, by serving one5s spiritual master, by hearing scriptures that encourage renunciation, by being submissive to great souls, by being friendly to one5s

e%uals, by being $ind to the poor and lowly, by meditating on the form of the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, by hearing and chanting -is glories, and by seeing -im present as the Supersoul in all living entities, one attains devotional service that is not touched by the modes of material nature ,nirguna3 bha$ti.. ;hen one attains devotional service that is beyond the modes of material nature, he does not thin$ impersonal liberation very valuable. =or him liberation is love for the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. ' 9he first stage of this love is called bhava. ;hen ecstatic symptoms, such as tears and hairs of the body standing erect, are even slightly manifested, it is called sattvi$a3bhava. + ( best of the saintly devotees, please hear what a wise person should with all earnestness do to attain devotional service to the &ord. / =ollowing his spiritual master5s instructions, with his senses a person should earnestly serve the Supreme &ord5s lotus feet. 0 ;ith one5s voice one should chant the holy names of &ord -ari. ;ith one5s ears one should hear of &ord -ari5s activities. ;ith one5s hands one should serve the Beity and other forms of &ord -ari. 2 ;ith one5s tongue one should happily taste the foods offered to the &ord. ;ith one5s nose one should smell the fragrances offered to &ord Krsna5s lotus feet. 6 ;hen the scent of flowers offered to the &ord enters the nose, the prison cage of one5s past sins suddenly brea$s open. 7 (ne should place to one5s head the flowers offered to the &ord5s body. ;ith one5s eyes one should respectfully gaDe on the 4aisnavas. ': ;ith one5s mind one should meditate on the &ord5s form. ;ith one5s head, chest, arms, feet, and other parts of one5s body one should offer dandavat obeisances to the &ord. (ne should always use one5s wealth and possessions to advance the &ord5s purpose. '1 <y regularly performing these activities of sadhana, one should serve the &ord5s feet. In this way devotion to &ord Krsna ,bhagavati bha$ti., the eternal Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, will %uic$ly become manifest. ' ;hen all the senses are engaged in ,serving. &ord Krsna, the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, it is considered that one has attained spontaneous love for the &ord. '' ( brahmana, a person ardently engaged in devotional service does not thin$ the four goals of life ,material piety, economic development, sense gratification, and impersonal liberation. are very valuable. =or him all happiness is in devotional service. '+ Impersonal liberation is easily attained by the philosophical speculation. Sense gratification is easily attained by performing ya*nas and other pious deeds. Bevotion to &ord -ari is not attained by thousands of such activities. '/ 4ery wonderful mystic powers, sense gratification, eternal liberation, and eternal transcendental bliss come from devotional service to &ord Govinda. '0 ( best of brahmana, please hear how with steady intelligence one attains the faith that brings loving devotional service. 8

'2 <y the instruction of a bona fide spiritual master one attains the association of devotees. 9hen one respectfully hears from them the four $inds of &ord 4isnu5s transcendental activities. '6 9hen one glorifies the &ord and remembers him in one5s heart. 9hen with one5s voice one praises the great devotees of the &ord. '7 If one does not have the ability to glorify the &ord or always remember him, then one should always chant the &ord5s holy names. +: (nly with great endeavour do human beings attain success in remembering &ord Krsna. -owever, merely by moving their lips they can attain success in chanting the &ord5s holy name. +1 ( "arada, the holy names of &ord -ari always stay only in the mouth of one who in hundreds of previous births worshipped &ord 4asudeva. + (ne who with unwavering love acts in this way day after day %uic$ly attains devotion to &ord Krsna. -e is honoured by the devotees. +' In this way he attains love for the &ord. -e becomes free from the cycle of repeated birth and death and he attains the peace that brings great transcendental bliss. ++ 9he devotees attain forms, noble character, virtues, and actions that are li$e the &ord5s. ;ithout devotion to &ord Krsna, the deliverer from evils, one cannot attain these things. +/ -ere someone may protest: If by performing activities other than these one tirelessly engages in some other $ind of devotional service there is no fault, for that person is engaged in service to &ord -ari. +0 9hat protest is answered with these words: ? person attains devotional service according to his faith in devotional service. 9he results of performing devotional service may thus be different according to one5s faith, but the activities ,sadhana. of devotional service are not different. +2 (ne by one I have explained the different $inds of devotional service and the ways ,sadhana. to attain them. Bevotional service performed without material desires brings eternal results beginning with the happy state of liberation from the world. +6 ( brahmana, devotional service performed with material desires and according to the modes of material nature has already been elaborately described by the great sages. ;hat more shall I describe. 9ell me, ( best of the brahmanas. +7 Sri "arada said: ( best of the demigods, you have described to me all that should be done. ;hat are the forbidden activities, which hinder devotional serviceF /: ( #ahadeva, to me, who have faith in devotional service, please describe both the obstacles on the path of devotional service and the most important activities ,sadhana. by which one attains devotional service. /1 Sri Siva said: So3called activities of devotional service ,sadhana. to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead that are different ,from what I have described. are forbidden. / ( best of the brahmanas, for a person who has faith in devotional service the sense gratification of the material body is the greatest obstacle to devotional service.

/' In this way I have summarised for you what are the obstacles and what is prohibited. "ow please hear how human$ind should completely avoid those things that destroy devotional service. /+ In nirguna bha$ti ,devotional service beyond the modes of material nature. it is doing harm to other living entities. In bhagavati bha$ti ,devotional service to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. it is false ego. In premamayi bha$ti ,devotional service performed out of love. it is hostility to the great devotees. 9hese are the things that destroy devotional service. // ? person who out of hatred disrespects the words of his spiritual master brea$s all the rules of devotional service. Gven though engaged in devotional service, he goes to hell. /0 (ne who see fault in his spiritual master commits an offense. -e will suffer the result of that offense. (ne who sees his spiritual master as an ordinary man has all his endeavours become li$e the bathing of an elephant. "ote: ?fter bathing an elephant5s first act is to sprin$le its body with dust, thus negating the effect of its bath. /2 (f all the activities of sadhana the most important is service to the spiritual master. <y that service, devotion to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead is %uic$ly, easily, and happily attained. /6 9herefore one should very carefully respect the spiritual master5s words. 9hey should all be followed. 9hey increase one5s devotion to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. /7 (ne should always re*ect the words of they who have no devotion for their spiritual master, for sacred mantras, for &ord 4isnu, or for the all3pervading Supersoul. 0: 9hey whose faith is situated in nirguna bha$ti ,devotional service beyond the modes of material nature. should always be $ind to other living entities. 9hey whose faith is situated in bhagavati bha$ti ,devotional service to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. should always engage their mind, body and words in the &ord5s service. 01 9hey whose faith is situated in premamayi bha$ti ,devotional service performed with love. should with love hear the glories of the &ord. o best of the brahmanas, thus I have described to you the most important activities ,sadhana. by which one attains devotional service. 0 9a$ing shelter of &ord Krsna5s feet is the root from which all the activities of devotional service ,grow.. 9rying to perform devotional service without it is li$e trying to drin$ water from an unba$ed earthen pot. 0' Sri "arada said: ( wise one, please describe to me the activity of ta$ing shelter of &ord Krsna5s lotus feet, without which a person performs devotional service in vain. 0+ Sri Siva said: ;ith one5s body, words and mind to ta$e shelter of &ord Krsna, the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, is called surrender. 0/ ( best of brahmanas, they who $now the 4edas say that surrender to the &ord is of three $inds: 1. the initial stage, . the intermediate stage, and '. the highest state. ( sage, now please hear of these, one by one. 9

00 9he conviction that following religious principles, going on pilgrimages, and surrender to the &ord will protect me from ,the reactions of past. sins is considered the initial stage of surrender to &ord Krsna. 02 9he conviction that I shall give to &ord Krsna my wife, children, friends, wealth, cows and other things that are my property, is considered the intermediate stage of surrender to &ord Krsna. 06 9he conviction that I shall place at &ord Krsna5s lotus feet my self, my body and everything that is mine, is called the highest stage of surrender to &ord Krsna. 07 Saying with one5s voice, >I am 1ours>, thin$ing that one5s mind, and with one5s body ta$ing shelter of the &ord5s holy place, a person who surrenders to the &ord becomes happy. 2: ?side from the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, ,the devotees. who surrender to -im, and -is path of religion ,devotional service., such a person sees nothing else of which he can ta$e shelter. 21 Such a person, who surrenders to the &ord, who is filled with devotion for the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, and who carries the infallible &ord in his heart, purifies all the worlds. 2 (nly such a devotee is dear to &ord 4isnu. "othing else is dear to -im. ;hat are the &ord5s blissful potencies and opulences in comparison to that devoteeF 2' ( $ing of brahmanas, please hear some other symptoms of surrender. 9he six divisions of surrender are the acceptance of things favourable for devotional service, the re*ection of unfavourable things, the conviction that Krsna will give protection, the acceptance of the &ord as one5s guardian or master, full self3surrender, and humility.A 2+ Sri "arada said: ( best of the demigods, please describe to me the characteristics of the devotees so I can understand them and show my affection for them. 2/ Sri Siva said: ( sage, ordinary men cannot understand the devotees. (nly other devotees can understand them, as only another sna$e can understand how a sna$e wal$s. 20 Still, ( best of the sages, because you yourself are a devotee of &ord 4isnu, I will tell you the essence of the extraordinary nature of the devotees. 22 9he devotees are pure in heart, free of false ego, free of material possessiveness, followers of the scriptures, peaceful, and friends of all embodied souls. 26 9hey do not harm anyone, even if others try to harm them. 9hese are the symptoms of liberated souls who are beyond the modes of material nature and are devoted to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. 27 (nly service to &ord -ari is dear to them. "othing else is dear to their heart. 9hey have dedicated their body, home, and senses to the service of &ord 4asudeva. 6: 9hey are free from attachment, aversion and other material feelings. 9hey are indifferent to honour and dishonour. 9hey are always satisfied at heart. Such persons are considered devotees of the &ord. 61 9hey are affectionate to the devotees, full of faith in the 4edas5 descriptions of the &ord5s glories, and averse to associating with they who love to tal$ of the three goals ,of economic development, material piety and sense gratification..

6 9hey are truthful, their hearts yearn to hear &ord Krsna5s glories, and they are full of love for &ord -ari. Such persons are devotees of the &ord. ?ll the worlds bow down to offer respects to them. 6' In this way ,I have. summarily described the nature of the devotees. "ow hear of the three $inds of spiritual awareness. 6+ ? person who $nows that &ord -ari is present in the hearts of all, who is devoted to the &ord5s service, and who loves everyone e%ually and hates no one, has the best spiritual $nowledge. 6/ ? person who $nows that &ord 4isnu is present everywhere and who loves in different degrees they who are exalted, middle, or lowly, is in the intermediate stage of spiritual $nowledge. 60 ? person who loves only the Beity and other li$e forms of &ord -ari, but not the all3pervading Supersoul, and who at least refrains from hurting others, is a materialistic devotee. 62 ? person filled with spontaneous love for &ord -ari and engaged in serving -im with all his senses, is called a great devotee ,maha3bhagavata., and the highest devotee ,uttama.. 66 ? person who loves &ord 4isnu and serves -im with his senses is called a middle devotee ,madhyama.. 67 ? person who without love serves &ord Krsna with his senses and at least remains free from illicit sense gratification is a materialistic ,pra$rta. devotee. 7: ? person who with love always hears the recitation of &ord -ari5s pastimes is a great devotee ,maha3bhagavata., the highest devotee ,uttama.. -e purifies the worlds. 71 ? person who with love hears and chants the glories of &ord 4isnu regularly day after day is a middle devotee ,madhyama.. 7 ? person who with love from time to time hears and chants the glories of &ord -ari for perhaps a single yama, and who does not hate the other devotees of &ord 4isnu, is called a materialistic ,pra$rta. devotee. 7' ( best of the devotees, many great saints have described many other symptoms of the different $inds of devotees. Still, you can understand the status of the devotees by seeing the degree of their faith. 7+ ( best of brahmanas, love for the &ord is caused by association with faithful devotees. 7/ &ove for the devotees who are beyond the modes of material nature feel for the &ord is a great good fortune that is very difficult to attain. "ow I will describe that love. 70 1ou should always love they who are devoted to hearing &ord -ari5s pastimes. In that way your devotion to &ord -ari will never perish. 72 ( brahmana in this way I have described the natures of the different $inds of devotees. <y loving the devotees the people in general become liberated ,from the world of birth and death.. 76 ( child, I have thus described the different $inds of devotional service and the ways ,sadhana. they are attained. Bevotional service purifies all the varnas and rescues all the asramas from the hard labour ,of material life.. 77 Bevotional service should always be performed. It is eternal. It brings perfection to the people of all 10

countries. In each of the four yugas it ma$es one dear to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead.

Patala &ive )u a-dharma-kathanam Description of *eli ion for the Different )u as 1 Sri "arada said: ( spiritual master of the demigods, you have described to me the nature of devotional service, which in all four yugas brings happiness to all people. ( master of the demigods, now, out of a desire for the welfare of the people in general, please describe the different ways, according to the different yugas, by which the people may attain liberation by serving &ord 4isnu. ' ( master of the demigods, please briefly describe the nature of the living entities, the different $inds of Beity3forms of &ord 4isnu, and the different $inds of religion, along with their different names. + Sri Siva said: In the Satya3yuga everyone was pure and free from lust and other vices. "aturally advanced in yoga, they were peaceful and they saw everything with e%ual vision. / <y meditating on the &ord they cross the ocean of birth and death. ( wise one, that is the supreme religion in that yuga. 0 9hat process of meditation has ten names and is said to be of three $inds: 1. niralamba ,independent., . savalamba ,dependent., and '. sarvantaryami3 dharana ,meditation on the Supersoul present in the hearts of all.. 2 ( best of the devotees, now hear of the first of these: niralamba meditation, which has six stages culminating in samadhi, and which is very troublesome and difficult to perform. 637 "on3violence, celibacy, truthfulness, reluctance to act improperly, honesty, freedom from accumulating many possessions, silence, solitude, fearlessness, mercy, steadiness in religious practice, and faith are the twelve yamas. ( best of the devotees, these comprise the first stage of niralamba meditation. (ne follows these principles and meditates tirelessly. 1:311 !leanliness of the body, cleanliness of the mind, chanting mantras, performing ya*nas, austerity, vows, sraddha, hospitality to unexpected guests, pilgrimage, satisfaction, the endeavour for the Supreme, and service to the spiritual master are the twelve niyamas, which comprise the second stage of niralamba meditation. (ne follows these principles and meditates. "ow please hear from me of the third stage. 1 9hen one places one foot on one5s $nee, the other on one5s thigh, and both hands in one5s lap. 9hat is the exalted stage $nown as asana ,sitting.. 1' !hanting a mantra of the sacred syllable om, one should reverse the processes of inhaling, exhaling, and pausing between breaths. 9hat is the fourth stage, called prana3samyama ,breath control.. 1+ 9hen the tireless yogi should with his mind withdraw the senses from their ob*ects and place the senses in his heart. 9his is pratyahara, the fifth stage.

1/ ;ith the breath one then steadies the mind. 9his is the exalted stage of dhyana. 9hen the accomplished yogi stares at the tip of his nose. 10 ?s long as the splendid, powerful, self3manifest Supreme, which is beyond words and the mind, does not appear, the yogi should $eep his intelligence fixed in this way. ,9his is the stage called dharana.. 12 #editating day after day in this way, the yogi becomes purified of sins and after a long time he attains the final stage, samadhi, or realisation of <rahman. 16 ( brahmana, please hear of meditation on the form of &ord -ari. (ne should follow the previously described procedure and then meditate with the mind. 17 In the middle of the lotus whorl of the heart one should meditate on &ord -ari, the Supreme )erson, whose form is of pure goodness, who has four arms, who is splendid as crystal... : ...who has matted loc$s, who wears a yogi5s tree3bar$ garment, who sits on a deers$in, who wears an a$sa nec$lace and a sa cred thread, who holds a danda and a $amandalu... 1 ...whose chest is glorious, who is celibate, who is eternal and undying, whose face is a lotus flower, whose nose, eyebrows, and head are handsome... ...whose complexion is golden, who has handsome teeth, a conchshell nec$lace, four long and broad arms, flowering twig hands ... ' ...handsome eyes, a handsome chest, a handsome abdomen with three folds of s$in, a deep navel, handsome thighs, $nees, legs, and feet... +3 / ...handsome flower3petal fingers and nails splendid as moonlight. ? person who in this way meditates on &ord 4isnu5s handsome form which delights the hearts of the world, will attain a great treasure of transcendental bliss. 03 7 ( brahmana, please attentively listen to this description of meditation on the all3pervading Supersoul, a meditation that grants all3perfection. ( brahmana, a person free of pride, whose body, mind and words are free of hatred and envy, who devotedly honours the great souls, befriends his e%uals, is $ind to the lowly and fallen, and is $ind even to his enemies, and who meditates on the all3seeing Supersoul present in all moving and unmoving beings, %uic$ly attains great transcendental bliss in his heart. ':3'1 In 9reta3yuga everyone is inclined to chant mantras and perform ya*nas. 9hey are very humble, happy, and noble3hearted, and they live in great palaces. <y performing bhagavad3yoga in this way they become %uic$ly eligible for liberation. ( best of the brahmanas, this is the supreme religion in the 9reta3yuga. ' 3'' In that age the people worship the red3 complexioned form of &ord 1a*na, the master of the universes, by performance of regular and occasional 4edic sacrifices performed with chanting eight names of the &ord. <y following the three 4edas in this way they attain liberation. '+ In Bvapara3yuga the people are cheerful and well3fed. 9heir hearts are attached to material happiness and they are engaged in fruitive activities. 9hey are sometimes happy and sometimes unhappy. '/ =or them worship of the Beity form of the &ord is only way to attain liberation. 9hat worship, with its many different aspects, may be divided into two $inds.

11

'0 9hat is the highest religion in the Bvapara3 yuga. In that yuga the people worship, with a mantra of twelve of -is names, the regal Beity of the &ord, who is dar$ as a sapphire. ( great one, the Beity they worship is Sri Krsna, the son of Beva$i3devi. '6 In Kali3yuga the people are unfortunate, laDy, unhappy, devoted to pleasing belly and genital, petty3 minded and wretched. 9heir hearts and minds are dirty with many sins. '7 =or them only one way is said to bring liberation easily: the chanting of &ord Krsna5s holy name, which brings all happiness. +: =or this reason the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead descends and with -is glory purifies the Kali3 yuga of its sins. +1 ( child, at that time the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead has two eyes, two arms and a fair complexion splendid as molten gold. -e is the son of Sri Saci3devi. + Cemoving the meditation, yoga, and pious deeds ,of the previous age., the merciful &ord will put -is own glory in their place. 9hen -e will return to the highest 4ai$untha world. +' ;ith sixteen holy names of the &ord and with mantras from the 9antras the people in that age will worship the &ord of the universes, whose complexion is fair, and who is named Sri Krsna !aitanya. ++ ( brahmana, in that age simply by hearing of &ord -ari5s glories the people will become pure devotees. =or this reason the Kali3yuga is the best of ages. +/ =or this reason the pious people in the Satya and other yugas desire a birth in Kali3yuga, a birth that easily brings devotion to the &ord. +0 9he same result obtained in Satya3yuga and other ages by meditation and Beity worship is obtained in Kali3yuga by glorifying the &ord.

+2 In glorifying the &ord there is no restriction that it may only be done at certain times or in certain places. Glorifying &ord -ari is the highest religion in the Kali3yuga. +6 9he people in the other three yugas glorify the Kali3yuga, where simply by glorifying the &ord one attains the supreme abode. +7 9he living entities that by their own spiritual activities were not able to attain liberation in the Satya and other yugas attain liberation in Kali3yuga simply by glorifying the &ord. /: ?lthough Kali3yuga is an ocean of faults, there is still one good %uality about this age: simply by chanting the holy names of the &ord one can attain the four goals of life. /1 ( $ing of brahmanas, by glorifying the holy name of &ord -ari in Kali3yuga one attains whatever was obtained in Satya3yuga and other yugas by performing austerities or following other spiritual regimens. / 9herefore, in Kali3yuga, for they who have faith in devotional service, glorifying the holy name of &ord 4isnu is simultaneously the highest spiritual goal and the best means to ma$e spiritual advancement. /' 9herefore a person who leaves sins far behind and somehow or other always faithfully chants &ord -ari5s holy name attains the supreme destination. /+ ( best of brahmanas, they who in Kali3yuga always chant the holy name of the &ord are great devotees who dearly love the &ord. // 9herefore, ( brahmana, with great faith and with all your heart you should always glorify &ord Krsna. In this way you will attain a very great result.

S*I SAT(ATA TA,T*A


The Devotees of the Lord Volume Two
Table of Contents Patala SiSri-$rsna-sahasra-nama A Thousand ,ames of Sri $rsna Pa e Patala Seven Seva-namaparadha-kathana Description of Offenses to Devotional Service and the .ol/ ,ame Pa e Patala 0i ht 'hakti-rahas/a-kathana Description of the Secrets of Devotional Service Pa e Patala ,ine .imsa-/ukta-devatantara-pu1ana-hetu-kathana Description of the *eason (iolent 2orship is Offered to the Demi ods Pa e Sri $rsna-sahasra-nama A Thousand ,ames of Sri $rsna

! !% !# !3

1 Sri "arada said: ( lord, you have described to me the chanting of the glories of &ord -ari5s holy name, Patala Si12

which removes sins, brings great happiness, and brings devotion to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. ( best of the demigods, I chant some names of the &ord, but now I yearn to $now them all. ' ( brahmana, if one is somehow able to count the atoms of earth, water and fire ,in the universe., even in many births he cannot count the %ualities of &ord -ari. + Still, I will tell you the most important, most wonderful thousand names of &ord 4isnu, which the merciful Supreme &ord previously told )arvati. / Seeing that I was rapt in meditation, exalted )arvati as$ed a %uestion of the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, the master of the universes. 0 9hen the Supreme &ord, the master of the universes, whom I have already described, and who is the ob*ect of my worship, told her a thousand names that describe -is %ualities and activities. 2 <ecause you are a great devotee of the &ord I will tell you those names. <y once remembering them a person attains perfection. 6 In my heart I meditate on Sri Krsna, the ancient Supreme )erson, splendid as a rising new cloud, -is home the spiritual world, wearing beautiful yellow garments splendid as a blaDing fire, a splendid crown, armlets, nec$laces, belt, bracelet and ring, -is lotus feet worshipped by <rahma and the demigods, served by the goddess of fortune, possessing all handsomeness, and worshipped by the cows, gopas, gopis and sages. 1: (m. (beisances to 4asudeva5s son, Sri Krsna, the all3pervading Supersoul, who removes the sufferings of they who bow before -im, and gives great transcendental bliss. 11 (m. 9he Supreme )ersonality of Godhead is all3attractive ,Krsna., the husband of the goddess of fortune ,sripati., handsome ,sriman., the maintainer of the goddess of fortune ,sridhara., the abode of happiness for the goddess of fortune ,srisu$hasraya., the giver of transcendental opulences ,sridata., the ,aster of the goddess of fortune ,sri$ara and srisah., served by the goddess of fortune ,srisevya., and the ob*ect of meditation for the goddess of fortune ,srivibhavana.. 1 -e is the Supersoul ,paramatma., the Supreme <rahma ,param brahma., the supreme master ,paresa and )aramesvara., the supreme bliss ,parananda., the supreme abode ,param dhama. and the giver of supreme bliss ,paramananda3daya$a.. 1' -e is independent ,niralamba and niravagraha., without a material form ,nira$ara., untouched by matter ,nirlepa., full of transcendental bliss ,nityananda., eternally liberated ,nitya3mu$ta., free of material actions ,niriha., and dear to they who have no material desires ,nisprha3priya.. 1+ -e spea$s pleasantly ,priyamvada., is affectionate ,priya$ara, priyada and priyasan*ana., is a follower of -is dear devotees ,priyanuga and priyalambi., glorifies -is dear devotees ,priya3$irti., and is dearer than the dearest ,priyat priya.. 1/ -e is the greatest renunciant ,maha3tyagi., the greatest en*oyer ,maha3bhogi., the greatest yogi ,maha3 yogi., the greatest performer of austerities ,maha3 tapah., the greatest person ,mahatma., the greatest of the great ,mahatam srestho, the great master of the worlds ,maha3lo$a3pati., and the greatest ,mahan..

10 -is desires are all fulfilled ,siddhartha and siddha3san$alpa.. -e gives perfection ,siddhida., is attained by they who are perfect ,siddhi3sadhana., and is the mater of the perfect ,siddhesa., the goal of the path of perfection ,siddha3margagra., and the only protector of the realm where the perfect beings live ,siddha3 lo$ai$a3pala$a.. 12 -e is the ob*ect of worship ,ista., the greatest ,vasista., worshipped by the wise ,sistest., the greatest ,mahista., the greatest victor ,*isnu3sattama., the eldest ,*yestha., the best ,srestha., worshipped by all ,sarvesta., all3pervading ,visnu., the most glorious ,bhra*isnu., and eternal ,avyaya.. 16 -e is all3powerful ,vibhu., happy ,sambhu., the master ,prabhu., the master of the earth ,bhuma., self3 born ,svambhu., the form of transcendental bliss ,svananda3murtiman., and affectionate ,pritiman, priti3 data, pritida, and priti3vardhana.. 17 -e is the master of yoga ,yogesvara., approached by performance of yoga ,yoga3gamya., the master of the yogis ,yogisa., the farther shore attained by performing yoga ,yoga3paraga., the giver of yoga ,yoga3data., the master of yoga ,yoga3pati., and the giver of yogic perfections ,yoga3siddhi3vidhaya$a.. : -e is truthful ,satya3vrata and satya para.. -e is present in the three phases of cosmic manifestation 3 creation, maintenance and annihilation ,tri3satya.. -e is the cause of the creation ,satya3$arana., the shelter in which the creation rests ,satyasraya., and the destroyer of the creation ,satya3hara.. -e is the protector of the creation ,sat3pali.. -e ma$es the creation prosper ,satya3vardhana.. 1 -e is all bliss ,sarvananda., -e removes everything ,sarva3hara., -e is present everywhere ,sarvaga., -e controls everything ,sarva3vasya3$rt. and protects everything ,sarva3pata., -e is all happiness ,sarva3su$ha., and -e is the ocean of all the 4edas ,sarva3sruti3ganarnava.. -e protects the people from many sufferings ,*anardana.. -e is the master of the universes ,*agannatha., the protector of the universes ,*agat3trata., the father of the universes ,*agat3pita., the creator of the universes ,*agat $arta., the maintainer of the universes ,*agad3dharta., and the personified bliss of the universes ,*agad3ananda3murtiman.. ' -e is the master of the earth ,dhara3pati., the master of the planets ,lo$a3pati., the master of the heavenly planets ,svar3pati., the master of the universes ,*agatam pati., the master of $nowledge ,vidya3pati., the master of wealth ,vitta3pati., the master of the devotees ,sat3pati., and the master of the goddess of fortune ,$amala3pati.. + -e appears in four forms ,catur3atma and catur3vyuha., has four arms ,catur3bahu., gives the results of action to the four $inds of men ,catur3varga3 phala3prada., resides in four abodes ,catur3dhama., and creates the four yugas ,catur3yuga3vidhaya$a.. / -e is the first of Beities ,adi3devo., the master of the demigods ,deva3deva and devesa., the maintainer of the demigods ,deva3dharana and deva3bhrd., the creator of the demigods ,deva3$rd., the Supreme &ord ,deva., and the &ord whose lotus feet the demigods praise ,devedita3padambu*a.. 0 -e is the master of the universes ,visvesvara and visva3naya$a., the form of the universes ,visva3 13

rupi., the soul of the universes ,visvatma., all3 pervading, with -is faces everywhere in the universes ,visvato3mu$ha., the creator of the universes ,visva3su., the giver of results to the resident of the universes ,visva3phala3da., and present everywhere in the universes ,visvaga.. 2 -e is the creator of the living entities ,bhuta3 $rt and bhuta bhavana., the maintainer of the living entities ,bhuta3bhrt., the supreme being ,bhava., the Supersoul present in the living entities ,bhutatma., the giver of powers and opulences ,bhutida., the expander of powers and opulences ,bhuti3vistara., the personification of powers and opulences ,vibhutir., and the protector of powers and opulences ,bhuti3pala$a.. 6 -e is the resting place of the living entities ,narayana and nara3sayi., the father of the living entities ,nara3su., the life of the living entities ,nara3*ivana., the only giver of the results of wor$ to the living entities ,narai$a3phala3da., the giver of liberation to the living entities ,nara3mu$ti3da., and the leader of the living entities ,nara3naya$a.. 7 -e has thousands of forms ,sahasra3rupa and sahasra3vigraha., thousands of names ,sahasra3nama., thousands of heads ,sahasra3sirsa., and thousands of feet, arms, and heads ,sahasra3pada$si3bhu*a3sirsavan.. ': -is navel is a lotus ,padma3nabha., the lotus is born from -im ,padma3garbha and padmi., -is eyes are li$e the lotus ,padma3nibhe$sana., -e rests on a lotus ,padma3sayi., -e wears a lotus garland ,padma3malli. and -is feet bear the signs of lotuses ,padman$ita3pada3 dvaya.. '1 -e is powerful ,viryavan., steady ,sthairyavan., elo%uent ,vagmi., heroic ,sauryavan., patient ,dhairyavan., tolerant ,$sami., intelligent ,dhiman., religious ,dharma3para., the greatest en*oyer ,bhogi., full of all opulences ,bhagavan., and the $iller of fears ,bhaya3nasana.. ' -e is victorious ,*ayanta, vi*aya and *eta., the giver of victory ,*ayada and *aya3vardhana., humble ,amani., respectful ,manada., worshipable ,manya., glorious ,mahimavan. and very powerful ,maha3bala.. '' -e is satisfied ,satusta., the giver of satisfaction ,tosada., generous ,data., the supreme controller ,damana., $ind to the poor and fallen ,dina3 vatsala., wise ,*nani., famous ,yasavan., patient ,dhrtiman., and the shelter of great strength ,maha3o*o3 balasraya.. '+ -e appeared as the hayagriva incarnation ,hayagriva.. -e is very powerful ,maha3te*a., a great ocean of transcendental pastimes ,maharnava3vinoda3 $rt., the $iller of #adhu and $aitabha ,madhu3$aitabha3 vidhvamsi., the author of the 4edas ,veda3$rd., and the protector of the 4edas ,veda3pala$a.. '/ -e is Sanat3$umara ,sanat3$umara., Sana$a3 $umara ,sana$a., Sananda3$umara ,sananda., and Sanatana3$umara ,sanatana.. -e observes an unbro$en vow of celibacy ,a$handa3brahma3vratavan., -e is the Supersoul ,atma., and -e is the philosopher of yoga ,yoga3vicara$a.. '0 -e is "arada #uni ,sri3narada and deva3rsi., -e teaches how to act without incurring $armic results ,$arma$arma3pravarta$a., -e is the author of the Satvata 9antra ,satvatagama3$rt., and -e teaches the people what is auspicious and what is not auspicious ,lo$a3hitahita3prasuca$a..

'2 -e is a transcendental boar ,adi3$ola., the beneficiary of the 4edic sacrifices ,ya*na3tattvam., the boar born from <rahma5s nostril ,dhatr3nasa3 putodbhava., the boar that lifted the earth in its tus$ ,dantagra3nyasta3bhu3gola., and the $iller of -iranya$sa5s strength ,hiranya$sa3balanta$a.. '6 -e is the master of the earth ,prthvi3pati., very powerful ,sighra3vega., the &ord whose bodily pores are great oceans ,romantar3gata3sagara., the &ord whose breathing ma$es the golden mountains tremble ,svasavadhuta3hemadri., and the master of the )ra*apatis ,pra*apati3pati.. '7 -e is endless ,ananta., the maintainer of the earth ,dharani3bharta., the &ord who resides in )atalalo$a ,patala3tala3vasa3$rt., the fire of time ,$alagni3*avana., the $ing of the $ings of sna$es ,naga3 ra*a3ra*a., and very splendid ,maha3dyuti.. +: -e appeared as &ord Kurma ,maha3$urma., the universe is -is body ,visva3$aya., -e is the maintainer of &ord Sesa ,sesa3dhr$., -e protects all ,sarva3pala$a., -e is the master of the pitas ,lo$a3pitr3ganadhisa., and -is feet are glorified by the pitas ,pitr3stuta3maha3pada.. +1 -e is merciful ,$rpamaya., self3manifested ,svayam3vya$ti., Bhruva is full of love for -im ,dhruva3 priti3vivardhana., Bhruva offers prayers to -is feet ,dhruva3stuta3pada., -e grants residence in 4isnulo$a ,visnu3lo$a3da., and -e is worshipped by the worlds ,lo$a3pu*ita.. + -e appeared as &ord Su$la ,su$lah.. Kardama #uni performed austerities to please -im ,$ardama3 santapta.. -e is pleased at heart by austerities ,tapas3 tosita3manasa.. -e fulfils the heart5s desires ,mano3 bhista3prada.. -e is a la$e filled with drops of happiness ,harsa3bindv3ancita3sarovara.. +' -e is sacrifice personified ,ya*na., the master of the demigods ,sura3ganadhisa., the $iller of the Baityas and Banavas ,daitya3danava3ghata$a., the protector of the #anus ,manu3trata., and the protector of the people ,lo$a3pala.. -e has ta$en birth to protect the people ,lo$a3pala$a3*anma3$rt.. ++ -e bears the name Kapila ,$apila$hya.. -e is the protector of the san$hya philosophy ,san$hya3pata., the son of Kardama #uni ,$ardamanga3samudbhava., the master of all mystic perfections ,sarva3siddhi3 ganadhisa., and the &ord who gave liberation to Bevahuti ,devahuti3gati3prada.. +/ -e is Battatreya ,datta., the son of ?tri #uni ,atri3tanaya.. -e is the greatest yogi ,yogi., the teacher of the path of yoga ,yoga3marga3pradarsa$a., the bliss of ?nasuya ,anasuyananda3$ara., and the ob*ect of the prayers of all the yogis ,sarva3yogi3*ana3stuta.. +0 -e is "arayana Csi ,narayana., "ara Csi ,nara3 rsi., the son of Bharma ,dharma3putra., very intelligent ,maha3manah., the person who defeated &ord Siva5s spear ,mahesa3sula3damana., and the person who gave to &ord Siva a benediction ,mahesai$a3vara3prada.. +2 -e performs austerities until the end of the $alpa ,a$alpanta3tapa., -e is a great philosopher ,dhira., -e subdues the passion of Kamadeva and others who are passionate ,manmathadi3madapaha., -e created @rvasi ,urvasi3sr$., -e defeated Kamadeva ,*itananga., and -e is dear to #ar$andeya #uni ,mara$andeya3priya3prada.. +6 -e is Csabha ,rsabha., the delight of #ahara*a "abhi ,nabhi3su$hada., the dear son of #eru3devi 14

,meru3devi3priyatma*a., the creator of the brahmanas and the $ings of the yogis ,yogi3ra*a3dvi*a3srasta., and the teacher of yoga ,yoga3carya3pradarsa$a.. +7 -e has eight arms ,asta3bahu., -e purified Ba$sa5s ya*na ,da$sa3ya*na3pavana., -e is $ing to all ,a$hila3sat3$rta., -e mediated the %uarrel between Siva and Ba$sa ,da$sesa3dvesa3samana., and -e gave transcendental $nowledge to Ba$sa ,da$sa3*nana3 pradaya$a.. /: -e was born in the dynasty of King )riyavrata ,priyavrata3$ulotpanna., -e bore the name Gaya ,gaya3 nama., -e is very famous ,maha3yasa., -e performs great deeds ,udara3$arma., -e $nows everything ,bahu3 vit., and -e is a great ocean of transcendental virtues ,maha3guna3ganarnava.. /1 -e appears in the form of a swan ,hamsa3rupi., spea$s the truth ,tattva3va$ta., distinguishes virtue from vice ,gunaguna3viveca$a., comforts <rahma5s embarrassment ,dhatr3la**a3prasamana., and is dear to the brahmacaris ,brahmacari3*ana3priya.. / -e is the farmer ,vaisya., King )rthu ,prthu., who mil$ed the earth ,prthvi3dogdha., gave mil$ to all living entities .sarva3*ivana3doha3$rt., is the first $ing ,adi3ra*a., gave shelter to the living entities ,*anavasa3 $ara$a., and levelled the earth ,bhu3sami3$ara.. /' -is feet were glorified by the )racetas ,praceto3 bhistuta3pada., -is form is peaceful ,santa3murti., -e is handsome ,sudarsana., he is the $ing of the host of days and nights ,diva3ratri3ganadhisa., and -e is the shelter of the people of Ketumala3varsa ,$etumala3*anasraya.. /+ -e is Kamadeva ,sri3$amadeva., -e en*oys amorous pastimes with the goddess of fortune ,$amala3 $ama3$eli3vinoda3$rt., -e gives love for -is feet ,sva3 pada3rati3da., -e fulfils desires and brings happiness ,abhista3su$ha3da., and -e destroys sufferings ,duh$ha3 nasana.. // -e is all3powerful ,vibhu., -e is the best of they who uphold the principles of religion ,dharma3 bhrtam srestha., the 4edas are -is head ,veda3sirsa., the brahmanas are -is sons ,dvi*atma*a., and -e is the teacher of eighty3thousand sages ,astasiti3saharasranam muninam upadesa3da.. /0 -e is Satyasena ,satya3sena., -e burned the ya$sas and ra$sasas ,ya$sa3ra$so3dahana., -e is the protector of the poor and wretched ,dina3pala$a., -e $ills the enemies of Indra, #itra and the demigods ,indra3mitra3surari3ghna., and -e is the son of Bharma and Sunrta ,sunrta3dharma3nandana.. /2 -e ta$es away all that is inauspicious ,hari., -e protected the best of the elephants ,ga*a3vara3trata., -e $illed the crocodile ,graha3pasa3vinasa$a., -e was glorified in the forest of #ount 9ri$uta ,tri$utadri3vana3 slaghi., and -e brought auspiciousness to all ,sarva3 lo$a3hitaisana.. /6 -e is the son of 4ai$untha3devi ,vai$untha., -e brought glorious happiness ,subhra3su$ha3da., -e made 4ai$untha3devi become very beautiful ,vai$untha3 sundari3$rta., -e is dear to the goddess of fortune ,rama3priya$ara., -e is handsome and glorious ,sriman. and -e reveals -imself to -is own devotees ,ni*a3lo$a3 pradarsa$a.. /7 -e saved the demigods from great sufferings when they were cursed by a brahmana ,vipra3sapa3 pari$hinna3nir*ararti3nivarana., -e churned the ocean of mil$ ,dugdhabdhi3mathana., -e is the greatest

brahmana ,vipra., -e is the son of 4aira*a ,vaira*a3 tanaya., and -e is invincible ,a*ita.. 0: -e lifted #ount #andara ,mandaradri3dhara., he became a great turtle ,$urma., -e brought auspiciousness to both the demigods and the demons ,deva3danava3sarma3$rt., -e made Eambudvipa level ,*ambudvipa3sama., -e is the creator ,srasta., and -e extracted nectar ,piyusotpatti3$aranam.. 01 -e appeared as Bhanvantari ,dhanvantari., who cures diseases ,ru$3samana and ru$3prasanta$a., carries nectar ,amrta3dhr$., composes the ?yur 4eda ,ayur3veda3$ara., is the $ing of physicians ,vaidya3ra*a. and is the giver of medical $nowledge ,vidya3 pradaya$a.. 0 -e made the demigods fearless ,devabhaya3 $ara., as #ohini3devi -e bewildered the demons ,daitya3mohini., -e assumes any form -e wishes, including the form of a girl ,$ama3rupini., -e gave the demigods nectar to drin$ ,girbanamrta3pa., and he cheated the demon Banavas ,dusta3daitya3danava3 vanca$a.. 0' -e appeared as a great fish ,maha3matsya., who had a gigantic form ,maha3$aya., who swam in the salva ocean ,salvantar3gata3sagara., who defeated the demon enemies of the demigods ,devari3daitya3 damana., and who protected the rice crop ,vrihi3bi*a3 sura$sa$a.. 0+ -is tail made great waves in the ocean ,puccha3ghata3bhramat3sindhu., -e was pleased with Satyavrata ,satyavrata3priya3prada., -e protected the devoted Satyavrata ,bha$ta3satyavrata3trata., and -e revealed the three 4edas ,yoga3traya3pradarsa$a.. 0/ -e appeared as &ord "rsimha ,narasimha., who lic$ed -is tongue ,lola3*ihva., whose ears were pointed ,san$u3$arna., whose claws were powerful weapons ,na$hayudha., whose mane was a moving cloud ,satavadhuta3*alada. and the splendour of whose teeth eclipsed all other splendour ,danta3dyuti3*ita3 prabha.. 00 -e $illed -iranya$asipu ,hiranya$asipu3 dhvamsi.. -e $illed the pride of many demons ,bahu3 danava3darpa3ha.. -is lotus feet were glorified by )rahlada ,prahlada3stuta3padab*a.. =or -is devotees -e $ills the sufferings of repeated birth and death ,bha$ta3 samsara3tapa3ha.. 02 -e $ills the fears of <rahma, Indra and Siva ,brahmendra3rudra3bhiti3ghna., -e acts for the demigods benefit ,deva3$arya3prasadha$a., -e is glorious li$e a blaDing fire ,*vala*3*alana3san$asa., and -e $ills all fears ,sarva3bhiti3vinasa$a.. 06 -e $ills the greatest sins ,maha3$ulusa3 vidhvamsi., fulfils all desires ,sarva3$ama3vara3prada., $ills the power of time ,$ala3vi$rama3samharta., and $ills the sufferings coming from inauspicious astrological conditions ,graha3pida3vinasa$a.. 07 -e cures all diseases ,sarva3vyadhi3 prasamana., punishes the powerful demons ,pracanda3 ripu3danda3$rt., and removes the sufferings of Siva, who is afraid of the horrible demons ,ugra3bhairava3 santrasta3hararti3vinivara$a.. 2: &ord <rahma is -is parasol ,brahma3 carmavrta3sira., &ord Siva5s head is -is an$le3bells ,siva3sirsai$a3nupura., the heads of the twelve ?dityas are -is *ewels ,dvadasaditya3sirsai$a3mani., and the

15

protectors of the directions are -is ornaments ,di$3pala3 bhusana.. 21 -e is 4amana ,vamana., who $illed ?diti5s fears ,aditi3bhiti3ghna., who is the decoration of the brahmanas ,dvi*ati3gana3mandana., and who on the pretext of begging for three steps of land too$ the opulence of the three worlds from <ali #ahara*a ,tripada3vya*a3yacnapta3bali3trailo$ya3sampada.. 2 ;ith -is toe -e bro$e an opening in the universe ,panna$ha3$sata3brahmanda3$ataha., -is power is without limit ,amita3vi$rama., -e is the father of the sacred Ganges ,svardhuni3tirtha3*anana., -e is worshipped by <rahma ,brahma3pu*ya., and -e removes fears ,bhayapaha.. 2' 9he river that flows from -is foot destroys a flood of sins ,svanghri3vari3hataghaugha., -e revealed the universal form ,visva3rupa3pradarsana., -e is affectionate to <ali #ahara*a ,bali3priya3$ara., -e brings -is devotees to the spiritual world ,bha$ta3 svarga3dogdha., and -e holds a club ,gada3dhara.. 2+ -e is Eamadagni5s son )arasurama ,*amadagnya., who is very powerful ,maha3virya., who holds an axe ,pasu3bhrt., who defeated Kartaviryar*una ,$artavirya3*it., who defeated a thousand of Kartaviryar*una5s soldiers ,sahasrar*una3samharta., and who $illed all the $satriyas ,sarva3$setra3$ulanta$a.. 2/ -e $illed all the $satriyas on the earth ,nih$satra3prthvi3$arana., defeated all the heroic warriors ,vira3*it., gave the earth5s $ingdoms to the brahmanas ,vipra3ra*ya3da., taught the Bhanur 4eda to Bronacarya ,dronastra3veda3pravada., and glorified -is guru, &ord Siva ,mahesa3guru3$irti3da.. 20 -e is the sun that ma$es the lotus of the Surya3 vamsa bloom ,surya3vamsab*a3tarani., -e is the son of Sri Basaratha ,srimad dasarathatma*a., -e is Sri Cama ,sri3rama, ramacandra, and ramabhadra., and -is power is without limit ,amita3prabha.. 22 -is complexion is dar$ ,nila3varna3prati$asa., -e is the life of Kausalya ,$ausalya3prana3*ivana., -is eyes are lotus flowers ,padma3netra., -is face is a lotus flower ,padma3va$tra., and -is lotus feet bear the mar$s of lotus flowers ,padman$ita3padambu*a.. 26 -is arms are long ,pralamba3bahu., -is limbs are handsome ,carv3anga., he wears *ewel ornaments ,ratna3bharana3bhusita., -is garments are splendid ,divyambara., -is bow is splendid ,divya3dhanu. and -e controls the best of splendid weapons ,dista3 divyastra3paraga.. 27 -e holds a sword in -is hand ,nistrimsa3pani., -e is the $ing of heroes ,viresa., -is strength has no limit ,aparimeya3para$rama., -is guru is 4isvamitra ,visvamitra3guru., -e holds a bow ,dhanvi., and -e is best of they who $now the Bhanur 4eda ,dhanur3veda3 vid3uttama.. 6: -is arrows fly straight and always hit their target ,r*u3marga3nimnittesu3sangha3tadita3tada$a., -is arms are powerful ,su3bahu., and with -is great strength -e $illed many demons ,bahu3viryadhya3bahu3 ra$sasa3ghata$a.. 61 -e bro$e Siva5s bow ,prapta3candisa3dor3 danda3canda3$odanda3$handana., delighted King Eana$a ,*ana$ananda3*ana$a., and became Sita5s beloved hero ,*ana$i3priya3naya$a.. 6 -e $illed the pride of -is enemies ,arati3$ula3 darpa3ghna., and eclipsed the power of )arasurama

,dhvasta3bhargava3vi$rama.. (n -is father5s order -e left the opulence of the $ingdom ,pitr3va$3tya$ta3ra*ya3 sri. and en*oyed a festival of transcendental pastimes as -e lived in the forest ,vana3vasa3$rtotsava.. 6' -e defeated the demon 4iradha ,viradha3 radha3damana., lived in a palace on #ount !itra$uta ,citra$utadri3mandira., and made Banda$aranya forest auspicious event though it was cursed by a brahmana ,dvi*a3sapa3samucchanna3danda$aranya3sarma3$rt.. 6+ -e $illed 11+ horrible demons ,caturdasa3 sahasrogra3ra$sasa3ghna.. -e $illed the demon Khara ,$haranta$a., too$ away the life of the demon 9risira ,trisirah3prana3samana,, and $illed many evil demons ,dusta3dusana3dusana.. 6/ -e was troubled by treacherous #arica ,cadma3marica3mathana.. -e suffered in separation from Sita ,*ana$i3viraharti3$rt.. -e performed the funeral ceremony of Eatayu ,*atayusah $riya3$ari.. -e expertly $illed Kabandha ,$abandha3vadha3$ovida.. 60 -e lived in a cave in Csyamu$a ,rysamu$ha3 guha3vasi., -e befriended five mon$eys ,$api3panca$a3 sa$hya3$rt.. ;ith -is left foot -e $ic$ed far away the great mountain that was the Bundubhi5s s$eleton ,vama3 padagra3ni$sipta3dundubhy3asthi3brhad3giri.. 62 -e easily bro$e the seven unbrea$able tala trees ,sa$anta$ara3durbheda3sapta3tala3prabheda$a.. -e $illed 4ali, the $ing of Kis$indha ,$is$indhadhipa3vali3 ghna. and gave 4ali5s $ingdom to -is own friend Sugriva ,mitra3sugriva3ra*ya3da.. 66 =or -is sa$e -anuman set fire to &an$a with his tail ,an*aneya3svalangula3dagdha3lan$a3mahodaya.. In separation from Sita -e became an ocean of tears ,sita3viraha3vispasta3rosa3$sobhita3sagara.. 67 -e built across the ocean a wonderful bridge made of boulders thrown from the tops of mountains ,giri$uta3samut$sepa3samudradbhuta3setu3$rt.. -e $ic$ed away 4ibhisana5s fears ,pada3prahara3santrasta3 vibhisana3bhayapaha.. 7: @nhappy by hearing ?ngada5s words, -e defeated horrible Cavana5s army ,angado$ti3pari$lista3 ghora3ravana3sainya3*it.. -e $illed "i$umbha, Kumbha, Bhumra$sa, Kumbha$arna, and many other heroic warriors ,ni$umbha3$umbha3dhumra$sa3 $umbha$arnadi3vira3ha.. 71 -e cut off the ten heads of Cavana, who had madly tried to lift #ount Kailasa ,$ailasa3 sahanonmatta3dasanana3siro3hara.. -e was pleased when Sita5s purity was proved in the trial by fire ,agni3 samsparsa3samsuddha3sita3samvaranotsu$a.. 7 &eaving the realms of the mon$eys and demons, -e return to -is own $ingdom ,$api3ra$sasa3 ra*anga3prapta3ra*ya3ni*asraya., where -e became the $ing of ?yodhya ,ayodhyadhipati.,, the crown of all $ings ,sarva3ra*anya3gana3se$hara.. 7' -is activities were inconceivable ,acintya3 $arma., -e was a great $ing ,nrpati.,-e sat on a great throne ,prapta3simhasanodaya., -e punished the wic$ed and evil3minded ,dusta3durbuddhi3dalana., and -e protected the poor and helpless ,dina3hinai$a3pala$a.. 7+ -e is the source of all opulence and good fortune ,sarva3sampatti3*anana., -e can understand the motives of the croo$ed ,tiryan3nyaya3viveca$a., and he protected a brahmana5s son burned by a sudra5s terrible austerities ,sudra3ghora3tapah3plusta3dvi*a3putrai$a3 *ivana.. 16

7/ -is heart was pained by a wic$ed person5s words ,dusta3va$3$lista3hrdaya., -e sent Sita into exile ,sita3nirvasa3$ara$a., -e performed many asvamedha ya*nas ,turanga3medha3$ratu3yat., and -is sons were Kusa and &ava ,srimat3$usa3lavatma*a.. 70 =or the sa$e of the truth -e left &a$smana ,satyartha3tya$ta3saumitra., -e brought -is associates to the spiritual world ,sunnita3*ana3sangraha., -is glories are earrings worn by the saintly devotees ,sat3 $arna3pura3sat3$irti., and -is glories destroy the sins of the world ,$irtya lo$agha3nasana.. 72 -e is <harata ,bharata., who, out of love for -is elder brother5s lotus feet, renounced the throne ,*yestha3padab*a3rati3tya$ta3nrpasana.. -e gave all auspiciousness to the bona fide spiritual masters ,sarva3 sad3guru3sampanna., and -e $illed millions of Gandharvas ,$oti3gandharva3nasa$a.. 76 -e was &a$smana ,la$smana., who dearly loved -is elder brother ,*yestha3nirata.. -e $illed the demigods5 enemies ,deva3vairi3gananta$a., -e $illed Indra*it ,indra*it3prana3samana., -e was Cama5s brother ,bhratrman., and -e left -is body ,tya$ta3vigraha.. 77 -e was Satrughna ,satrughna., who defeated -is enemies ,amitra3samana., who $illed &avana ,lavananta$a3$ara$a., who was praised by -is noble brothers ,arya3bhratr3*ana3slaghya., and whose virtues are praised by the saintly devotees ,satam slaghya3 guna$ara.. 1:: -e stays on a banyan leaf ,vata3patra3puta3 sthayi., -e is the giver of liberation ,sri3mu$unda., and the shelter of all ,a$hilasraya.. 9o #ar$andeya Csi -e showed the universe present in -is slender abdomen ,tanudararpita3*agan3mr$anda3tanaya.. -e stays in the spiritual world ,$haga.. 1:1 -e is the first ,adya., the first of Beities ,deva3 ganagranya., and pleased by the prayers and obeisances of -is friends ,mitra3stuti3nati3priya.. -e gave a spiritual mantra to the demigods when they were terrified of 4rtrasura5s horrible body ,vrtra3ghora3tanu3 trasta3deva3san3mantra3sadha$a.. 1: -e is the Beity worshipped by the brahmanas ,brahmanya., -e praises the brahmanas ,brahmana3 slaghi., -e loves the brahmanas ,brahmanya3*ana3 vatsala., and -e protected the 4ala$hilyas when they fell in the puddle of a cow5s hoofprint ,gos3padapsu3 galad3gatra3vala$hilya3*anasraya.. 1:' -e was Bausmanti <harata ,dausmanti., who was the best of performers of sacrifice ,ya*vanam srestha.. -e filled the $ings with wonder ,nrpa3 vismaya3$ara$a., performed many asvamedha3ya*nas ,turanga3medha3bahu3$rt., and was the crown of generous philanthropists ,vadanya3gana3se$hara.. 1:+ -e was 4asavi5s son ,vasavi3tanaya., 4yasa ,vyasa., who arranged the branches of the 4eda ,veda3 sa$ha3nirupa$a., wrote the )uranas and #ahabharata ,purana3bharatacarya., and brought auspiciousness to the people of Kali3yuga ,$ali3lo$a3hitaisana.. 1:/ -e was <alarama ,balabhadra., who is the delight of Cohini5s heart ,rohini3hrdayananda., and the reservoir of great strength ,balasraya.. -e is the same as &ord San$arsana ,san$arsana., -e holds a plow in -is hand ,sira3pani., -is weapon is a club ,musalastra., and -e is splendid ,amala3dyuti.. 1:0 -is limbs are white li$e a conchshell, *asmine flower, or the moon ,san$ha3$undendu3svetanga., -e

bro$e many palm trees ,tala3bhit., put an end to Bhenu$a ,dhenu$anta$a., $illed #usti$a and ?rista ,musti$arista3hanana., and with -is plow dragged the 1amuna ,langala$rsta3yamuna.. 1:2 -e $illed )ralambha ,pralamba3prana3ha., agitated Cu$mi ,ru$mi3mathana., put an end to Bvivida ,dvividanta$a., loved Cevati ,revati3priti3da., en*oyed pastimes with the beautiful gopis ,rama3ramana., and put an end to <alvala ,balvalanta$a.. 1:6 -e dragged -astinapura ,hastinapura3san$arsi. and -is transcendental feet were worshipped by the Kauravas ,$auravarcita3sat3pada.. <rahma and the other demigods offered prayers to -is lotus feet ,brahmadi3stuta3padab*a.. -e protects the demigods and the 1adavas ,deva3yadava3pala$a.. "ote: 9he first sentence here is the last of <alarama5s names. &ord Krsna5s names beginning with the second sentence. 1:7 -e is the master of the illusory potency ,maya3 pati and maha3maya., -e gives orders to the illusory potency ,maha3maya3nidesa3$rt., -e is the full moon risen from the ocean of the 1adu dynasty A,1adu3 vamsabdhi3purnendu., and -e is <alarama5s dear younger brother ,baladeva3priyanu*a.. 11: -e is the Supreme <rahman, who has a humanli$e form ,nara$rti param brahma., -e is perfect and complete ,paripurna., -e is the Supreme ,parodaya., -e is full of all opulences, beginning with all3$nowledge ,sarva3*nanadi3sampurna., -e is full of transcendental bliss ,purnananda., and -e is the oldest ,puratana.. 111 -e wears yellow garments ,pitambara., -e renounces sleep ,pita3nidra., homeless, -e performs great austerities ,pita3vesma3maha3tapah., and -e has a broad chest ,mahoras$a., powerful arms ,maha3bahu., and very valuable *ewel earrings ,maharha3mani3 $undala.. 11 -e is decorated with a glistening golden crown, nec$lace, and earrings ,lasad3ganda3sthalli3haima3 mauli3mala3vibhusita., -e has handsome ears ,su3caru3 $arna., and -e wears glistening shar$3shaped earrings ,su3bhra*an3ma$ara$rti3$undala.. 11' -is hair is splendid, dar$ and curly ,nila3 $uncita3su3snigdha3$undala., -is nose is handsome ,su3 nasa., -is teeth are *asmine flowers ,$unda3dasana., and -is lips are splendid red lotuses ,lasat3 $o$anadadhara.. 11+ -e smiles very gently ,sumanda3hasa., -is eyes and eyebrows are handsome and glorious ,rucira3bhru3 mandala3vilo$ana., -is nec$ is a conchshell ,$ambu3 $antha., -e is the great <rahman ,brhad3brahma., and -e is decorated with bracelets and armlets ,valayangada3bhusana.. 11/ -e wears a Kaustubha *ewel ,$austubhi. and a garland of forest flowers ,vana3mali., -e holds a conch, disc, club, and lotus ,san$ha3ca$ra3gadab*a3bhrt., and -e bears the mar$ of Srivatsa ,srivatsa3la$sya la$syanga., and all auspicious mar$s ,sarva3la$sana3 la$sana.. 110 -is belly is a flower petal ,dalobara., -is navel is deep ,nimna3nabhi., -e is pure ,niravadya., and independent ,nirasraya., and a sash of bells decorates -is hips ,nitamba3bimba3vyalambi3$in$ini3$anci3 mandita..

17

112 -is $nees and thighs are graceful ,sama3 *angha*anu3yugma., -e is handsome and splendid ,sucaru3ruci3ra*ita., and -is lotus feet bear the mar$s of a flag, thunderbolt, elephant goad, lotus and arrow ,dhva*a3va*ran$usambho*a3sarancita3padambu*a.. 116 9he bumblebees that are -is devotees drin$ the nectar of -is lotus feet ,bha$t3bhramara3sanghata3pita3 padambu*asava., and -is noble3hearted devotees shine with the moonlight of -is candra$anta *ewel toenails ,na$ha3candramani3*yotsna3pra$asita3maha3manah.. 117 Glistening an$lets shine on -is lotus feet ,padambu*a3yuga3nyasta3lasan3man*ira3ra*ita., and -e is a splendid lotus flower growing in -is devotee5s heart ,sva3bha$ta3hrdaya$asa3lasat3pan$a*a3vistara.. 1 : -e delights all living beings ,sarva3prani3 *anananda., -e is pleased by #ahara*a 4asudeva5s prayers ,vasudeva3nuti3priya., -e is the delight of Beva$i ,deva$i3nandana., -e delights the worlds ,lo$a3 nandi3$rt., and -e brea$s the devotee5s fears ,bha$t3 bhiti3bhit.. 1 1 Sesa is -is servant and follower ,sesanuga., -e reclines on Sesa ,sesa3sayi., -e offers respects to 1asoda ,yasoda3nati3manada., -e delights "anda ,nandananda3$ara., and -e is the friend of Go$ula5s gopas and gopis ,gopa3gopi3go$ula3bandhava.. 1 -e delights all the people of 4ra*a ,sarva3vra*a3 *ananandi., -e is dear to the devoted cowherd people ,bha$ta3ballava3vallabha., -is splendid limbs are smooth and free of all imperfection ,baly3avyanga3 lasad3gatra., and -e is encircled by a gopi5s arms ,ballavi3bahu3madhya3ga.. 1 ' -e dran$ the mil$ of )utana5s breast ,pita3 putani$a3stanya., -e dried up )utana5s life ,putana3 prana3sosana., -e stayed on )utana5s chest ,putanorah3 sthala3sthayi., and -e gave liberation to )utana ,putana3 mo$sa3daya$a.. 1 + -e delighted the assembled people ,samagata3 *ananandi., -e $noc$ed over the cart ,sa$atoccata3 $ara$a., -e was blessed by the brahmanas ,prapta3 viprasisa., -e is the supreme controller ,adhisa., and -e is shelter where the mystic perfections, beginning with laghima, rest,laghimadi3gunasraya.. 1 / -e clung to 9rnavarta5s nec$ ,trnavarta3gala3 grahi., -e $illed 9rnavarta ,trnavarta3nisudana., -e delighted -is mother ,*anany3ananda3*ana$., and -e showed to -is mother the entire universe in -is mouth ,*ananya3mu$ha3visva3dr$.. 1 0 -e en*oyed playing li$e a child ,bala3$rida3 rata., -e en*oyed pastimes of tal$ing li$e a child ,bala3 bhasa3liladi3nirvrta., -e is $ind to the gopas and gopis ,gopa3gopi3priya3$ara., and -e is expert at singing and dancing ,gita3nrtyanu$ara$ah.. 1 2 -is limbs are anointed with fresh butter ,navanita3viliptanga., -e is fond of fresh butter ,navanita3lava3priya., -e steals fresh butter ,navanita3 lavahari3and navanitanutas$ara.. 1 6 -is waist was tied with a rope ,damodara., -e uprooted the ar*una trees ,ar*unonmula., -e made the gopis thin$ only of -im ,gopai$a3mati3$ara$a., -e played in 4rndavana forest ,vrndavana3vana3$rida., and -e is expert at en*oying many different pastimes ,nana3 $rida3visarada.. 1 7 -e was pulled about as he clung to a calf5s tail ,vatsa3puccha3sama$arsi., -e $illed 4atsasura ,vatsasura3nisudana., -e was the enemy of <a$asura

,ba$ari., e $illed ?ghasura ,agha3samhari., and -e $illed ?ghasura, who tried to $ill the gopa boys ,balady3 anta$a3nasana.. 1': -e is fond of the 1amuna5s shore, which is filled with pleasant breeDes ,yamunanila3san*usta3su3 mrsta3pulina3priya., -e stays with the gopa boys ,gopala3bala3puga3stha., and -e eats a lunch mixed with yoghurt ,snigdha3dadhy3anna3bho*ana.. 1'1 -e pleases the cows, gopas and gopis ,go3gopa3 gopi3priya3$rt., -e is very wealthy ,dhana3bhrt., -e brea$s illusion ,moha3$handana., -e bewildered the creator <rahma ,vidhatur moha3*ana$a., and -e showed very wonderful powers and opulences ,aty3 adbhutaisvarya3darsa$a.. 1' <rahma offered prayers to -is lotus feet ,vidhi3 stuta3padambho*a., -e bewildered the gopa boys ,gopa3 bala$a3buddhi3bhit., -e bro$e Kaliya5s pride ,$aliya3 darpa3dalana., and -e was pleased by the prayers of the serpent5s wives ,naga3nari3nuti3priya.. 1'' -e extinguished a forest fire ,davagni3samana., -e protects all the people of 4ra*a ,sarva3vra*a3bhrt., -e is the life of all living entities ,*ana3*ivana., and -e extinguished a terrible fire in #unaranya forest ,mun*aranya3pravesapta3$rcchra3davagni3darana.. 1'+ -e en*oys happy pastimes eternally ,sarva3$ala3 su$ha3$rida., -e wears a peacoc$3feather crown ,barhi3 barhavatamsa$a., -e is the life of the gopis ,go3dhug3 vadhu3*ana3prana., and -e is expert at playing the flute ,venu3vadya3visarada.. 1'/ -e stole the gopis garments and placed them in a tree ,gopi3pidhanarundhana., -e gave the gopis the benediction they followed a vow to obtain ,gopi3vrata3 vara3prada., -e extinguished the brahmanas5 pride ,vipra3darpa3prasamana., and -e gave -is mercy to the brahmanas5 wives ,vipra3patni3prasada3da.. 1'0 -e stopped the sacrifice for King Indra ,sata$ratu3ma$ha3dhvamsi., -e removed Indra5s pride ,sa$ra3darpa3madapaha., -e lifted Govardhana -ill ,dhrta3govardhana3giri., and -e made the people of 4ra*a fearless ,vra*a3lo$abhaya3prada.. 1'2 Indra glorified -im splendidly ,indra3$rta3 lasat3$irti.. -e is the $ing of the cows ,govinda., the festival of happiness for Go$ula ,go$ulotsava., and the protector of "anda ,nanda3trana3$ara.. 9he demigod of the waters praised -im ,deva3*alesedita3sat3$atha.. 1'6 -e was glorified by the people of 4ra*a ,vra*a3 vasi3*ana3slaghya. and -e showed them -is own transcendental abode ,ni*a3lo$a3pradarsa$a.. -e en*oys pastimes with the gopis maddened by -is expert flute3 playing ,su3venu3nada3madanonmatta3gopi3vinoda3$rt.. 1'7 -e removed the gopis5 pride ,go3dhug3vadhu3 darpa3hara., the chanting of -is transcendental glories is a festival of great happiness ,sva3yasah3$irtanotsava., -e en*oyed with the girls of 4ra*a ,vra*angana3 *anarama., and -e was the beloved of the beautiful girls of 4ra*a ,vra*a3sundari3vallabha.. 1+: -e en*oyed the pastimes of the rasa dance ,rasa3$rida3rata., -e was the central ornament in the great circle of the rasa dance ,rasa3maha3mandala3 mandana., -e en*oyed pastimes in 4rndavana forest ,vrndavana3vanomodi., and -e en*oyed pastimes on the 1amuna5s shore ,yamuna3$ula3$eli3$rt.. 1+1 -e sang duets with the gopis ,gopi$a3giti$a3 gita., -e cut off San$hacuda5s head ,san$hacuda3siro3 hara., and -e rescued terrified "anda #ahara*a who 18

was held in a great serpent5s mouth ,maha3sarpa3 mu$ha3grasta3trasta3nanda3vimoca$a.. 1+ -is feet were worshipped by the 4idyadhara Sudarsana ,sudarsanarcita3pada., -e $illed the demon ?rista ,dustarista3vinasa$a., -e was the enemy of Kesi ,$esi3dvesi., -e $illed 4yomasura ,vyoma3hanta., and -e heard "arada glorify -im ,sruta3narada3$irtana.. 1+' -e was $ind to ?$rura ,a$rura3priya3$rt., -e $illed a cruel washerman ,$rura3ra*a$a3ghna., -e wore nice garments ,su3vesa3$rt., -e was opulently decorated with many garments offered by the florist Sudama ,sudama3datta3maladhya., and -e was anointed with sandal paste by the hunchbac$ Kub*a ,$ub*a3candana3 carcita.. 1++ -e delighted the people of #athura ,#athura3 *ana3samhasi., -e bro$e the great bow ,canda3$odanda3 $handa3$rt., -e cut apart Kamsa5s army ,$amsa3sainya3 samucchedi., and -e was worshipped by the brahmanas and merchants ,vanig3vipra3ganarcita.. 1+/ -e $illed the great Kuvalayapida ,maha3 $uvalayapida3ghati., -e crushed !anura ,canura3 mardana., and -e created a great festival of happiness for the men and women at the arena ,ranga3 salagatapara3nara3nari3$rtotsava.. 1+0 -e $illed Kamsa ,$amsa3dhvamsa3$ara., granted Kamsa sarupya liberation ,$amsa3sva3sarupya3 gati3prada., made @grasena $ing ,$rtograsena3nrpati., and delighted all the 1adavas ,sarva3yadava3sau$hya3 $rt.. 1+2 -e made -is mother and father happy ,tata3 matr3$rtananda., gave -is mercy to the gopa "anda ,nanda3gopa3prasada3da., too$ shelter of -is guru, Sandipani #uni ,srita3sandipani3guru., and crossed to the farther shore of $nowledge ,vidya3sagara3para3ga.. 1+6 -e $illed the demon )anca*ana ,daitya3 panca*ana3dhvamsi., was pleased by )anca*ana5s conchshell ,panca*anya3dara3priya., gave to Sandipani #uni his dead son ,sandipani3mrtapatya3data., and was worshipped by Kala31amara*a ,$ala3yamarcita.. 1+7 -e pacified Kub*a5s passionate desires ,sairandhri3$ama3santapa3samana., pleased ?$rura ,a$rura3priti3da., held the sarnga bow ,sarnga3capa3 dhara., and expertly shot many arrows ,nana3sara3 sandhana3$ovida.. 1/: -e wore unbrea$able armour ,abhedya3divya3 $avaca., -is charioteer was Baru$a ,srimad3daru$a3 sarathi., -is flag bore the insignia of Garuda ,$hagendra3cihnita3dhva*a., -e held the ca$ra in -is hand ,ca$ra3pani.,a and -e held a mace ,gada3dhara.. 1/1 -e held the sword "anda$a ,nanda$i., -e was opulent with the 1adavas5 armies ,yadu3senadhya., -e had an inexhaustible %uiver ,a$saya3bana3nisangavan., -e could not be defeated in battle by any demigod or demon ,surasura*eya3ranya., and -e defeated the King of the #agadhas ,*ita3magadha3yuthapa.. 1/ -e destroyed the #agadhas5 flag ,magadha3 dhva*ini3dhvamsi., protected #athura !ity ,mathura3 pura3pala$a., built Bvara$a !ity ,dvara$a3pura3 nirmata., and $ept the people safely there ,lo$a3sthiti3 niyama$a.. 1/' -e is the cause of all opulence and good fortune ,sarva3sampatti3*anana., and the cause of -is devotees5 happiness ,sva*anananda3$ara$a.. -is Bvara$a was filled with $alpa3vr$sa trees ,$alpa3

vr$sancita3mahi.. 9o the earth -e brought the Sudharma assembly house ,sudharmanita3bhu3tala.. 1/+ -e $illed Kalayavansura ,yavanasura3 samharta., fulfilled #ucu$unda5s desires ,mucu$undesta3sadha$a., and, on the advice of a brahmana sent by Cu$mini went by chariot to Kundina !ity ,ru$mini3dvi*a3san3mantra3rathai$a3gata3$undina.. 1// -e $idnapped Cu$mini ,ru$mini3hara$a., shaved Cu$mi5s head ,ru$mi3munda3mundana3$ara$a., was $ind to Cu$mini ,ru$mini3priya3$rt., and became beautiful Cu$mini5s husband ,sa$sad3ru$mini3ramani3 pati.. 1/0 -e was a bumblebee drin$ing the nectar of the lotus flower of Cu$mini5s face ,ru$mini3vadanambho*a3 madhu3pana3madhuvrata.. 9o get the Syamanta$a *ewel -e defeated Eambavan, who was -is devotee and the $ing of the C$sas ,syamanta$a3nimittatma3 bha$tar$sadhipa3*it.. -e is pure ,suci.. 1/2 Eambavan worshipped -is lotus feet ,*ambavarcita3padab*a., -e became the husband of Eambavan5s daughter ,sa$sa*3*ambavati3pati., -e accepted the hand of Satyabhama ,satyabhama3$ara3 grahi., and -e became the beloved of beautiful Kalindi ,$alindi3sundari3priya.. 1/6 -e defeated seven sharp3horned bulls ,suti$sna3srnga3vrsabha3sapta3*id., -e defeated many $ings ,ra*a3yutha3bhid., and -e became the greatest hero for "agna*it5s daughter, the heroine Satya ,nagna*it3tanaya3satya3nayi$a3naya$ottama.. 1/7 -e was the &ord of <hadra ,bhadresa., the beloved of &a$smana ,la$smana3$anta., the dear master of #itravinda ,mitravinda3priyesvara., and the hero that defeated #ura ,mura*it., $illed #ura5s general ,pitha3 senani3nasana., and put an end to "ara$asura ,nara$anta$a.. 10: 9he earth worshipped -is lotus feet ,dhararcita3padambho*a., -e removed <hagadatta5s fears ,bhagadatta3bhayapaha., and -e was the hero that married the splendid girls "ara$a $idnapped ,nara$ahrta3dviya3stri3ratna3vahadi3naya$a.. 101 -e was splendid with 10,1:6 wives ,astottara3 sata3dvy3asta3sahasra3stri3vilasavan., and because of the girl Satyabhama5s words -e stole the )ari*ata tree ,satyabhamabala3va$ya3pari*atapahara$a.. 10 -e bro$e the strength of the demigods5 $ing ,devendra3bala3bhit., -e en*oyed many pastimes with -is wives ,*aya3*ata3nana3vilasavan., -e bro$e Cu$mini5s pride ,ru$mini3mana3dalana., and -e was enchanted by -is wives5 beauty and playfulness ,stri3 vilasa3vimohita.. 10' -e was the father of Kamadeva ,$ama3tata.. Samba was -is son ,samba3suta.. -e had countless children and grandchildren ,asan$hya3putra3 prapautravan.. So -is gradnson could attain @sa, -e defeated <anasura5s thousand arms ,usasagata3 pautrartha3bana3bahu3sahasra3*it.. 10+ =irst -e defeated "andi ,nandy3adi3prathama3 dhvamsi., and then -e playfully defeated invincible &ord Siva ,lila*ita3mahesvara.. Siva offered prayers to -is feet ,mahadeva3stuta3pada.. -e rescued King "rga from his sufferings ,nrga3duh$ha3vimoca$a.. 10/ -e protected -is relatives by telling them of the sufferings created by stealing a brahmana5s property ,brahmasvapahara3$lesa3$atha3sva*ana3pala$a., -e was the enemy of )aundra$a ,paundra$ari., -e beheaded the 19

$ing of Kasi ,$asi3ra*a3siro3harta., and -e is always uncon%uerable ,sada*ita.. 100 -e put an end to the fire demon &ord Siva created in response to Suda$sina5s vows and worship ,suda$sina3vrataradhya3siva3$rtyanalanta$a., -e set fire to 4aranasi ,varanasi3pradahana., and -is powers were seen by "arada ,narade$sita3vaibhava.. 102 -is powers, opulences, and glories are wonderful ,adbhutaisvarya3mahima., and -e is the author of all religious principles ,sarva3dharma3 pravarta$a.. 9he $ings imprisoned by Earasandha chanted -is glories ,*arasandha3nirodharta3 bhubhu*erita3sat3$atha.. 106 "arada #uni informed -im of King 1udhisthira5s plan to worship -im ,naraderita3san3 mitra3$arya3gaurava3sadha$a.. -e planned to visit the place where King 1udhisthira lived with -is wives and children ,$alatra3putra3san3mitra3sad3vrttapta3 grhanuga.. 107 -e was determined to $ill Earasandha ,*arasandha3vadhodyoga3$arta., -e brought auspiciousness to the $ings ,bhupati3sarma3$rt., -e acted to fulfil 1udhisthira5s plans ,san3mitra3$rtya3 carita., and -e arranged that the Ca*asuya3ya*na be performed ,ra*asuya3pravarta$a.. 12: -e was glorified by all the sages ,sarvarsi3 gana3samstutya., -e $illed Sisupala ,caidya3prana3 ni$rnta$a., -e was worshipped by the people of -astinapura ,indraprastha3*anaih pu*ya., and -e bewildered Buryodhana ,duryodhana3vimohana.. 121 -e destroyed the city named Saubha, which was given by &ord Siva ,mahesa3datta3saubha$hya3 pura3bhit., -e $illed -is enemies ,satru3ghata$a., -e $illed -is enemy Bantava$ra ,dantava$ra3ripu3cchetta., and -e gave Bantavar$a liberation ,dantava$ra3gati3 prada.. 12 -e troubled 4iduratha ,viduratha3pramathana., removed the burden of the earth ,bhuri3bharavatara$a., was the )andavas5 messenger ,partha3duta., brought auspiciousness to the )andavas,partha3hita., fulfilled the )andavas5 wishes ,parthartha., and was ?r*una5s charioteer ,partha3sarathi.. 12' -e bro$e ?r*una5s illusion ,partha3moha3 samucchedi., revealed the scripture <hagavad3gita ,gita3sastra3pradarsa$a., and gave liberation to they who were $illed by ?r*una5s arrows ,partha3bana3gata3prana3 vira3$aivalya3rupa3da.. 12+ -e burned the sinful deeds of Buryodhana and the others ,duryodhana3duvrtta3dahana., gave liberation to <hisma ,bhisma3mu$ti3da., had 1udhisthira perform an asvamedha3ya*y ,parthasvamedhahara$a., and had 1udhisthira crowned $ing ,partha3ra*ya3prasadha$a.. 12/ -e fulfilled Kunti5s desires ,prthabhista3prada., gave victory to <hima ,bhima3*ayada., is the giver of victory ,vi*aya3prada., fulfilled 1udhisthira5s desires ,yudhisthiresta3sandata., and was pleased with Braupadi ,draupadi3prita3sadha$a.. 120 Sahadeva glorified -is feet ,sahadeverita3 pada., and "a$ula worshipped -is form ,na$ularcita3 vigraha.. -e saved King )uru5s descendent, who even while in the womb was burned by a brahmastra weapon ,brahmastra3dugdha3garbhastha3puru3vamsa3 prasadha$a.. 122 -is arrival in Bvara$a was a festival of happiness for the women in the capitol city of the )urus

,pauravendra3pura3stribhyo dvara$a3gamanotsava., and -e was glorified by the people of ?narta3desa ,arnart3 desa3nivasat3pra*erita3mahat3$atha.. 126 -e is $ind to -is dear devotees ,priya3priti3 $ara., -e bro$e the povery of -is brahmana friend ,mitra3vipra3daridrya3bhan*ana., on the pretext of visiting holy Kuru$setra -e pleased 1udhisthira ,tirthapadesa3san3mitra3priya3$rt., and -e also pleased King "anda ,nanda3nandana.. 127 -e gave transcendental $nowledge to the gopis ,gopi*ana3*nana3data., -e was pleased by -is father5s ya*na ,tata3$ratu3$rtotsava., -e described the activities of the devotees ,sad3vrtta3va$ta., -e acted in a saintly way ,sad3vrtta3$arta., and -e protects they who act in a saintly way ,sad3vrtta3pala$a.. 16: -e gave transcendental $nowledge to -is father ,tatatma3*nana3sandata., -e brought bac$ Beva$i5s dead sons ,deva$i3mrta3putra3da., -e was $ind to Srutadeva ,srutadeva3priya3$ara., and -e increased the bliss of #ithila5s $ing ,maithilananda3vardhana.. 161 -e curbed ?r*una5s pride ,partha3darpa3 prasamana., returned the brahmana5s dead sons ,mrta3 vipra3suta3prada., was pleased by -is many *ewelli$e wives ,stri3ratna3vrnda3santosi., and en*oyed with them many water pastimes ,*ala3$eli3$alotsava.. 16 -e is pleasing to the people as millions of moons ,candra3$oti3*ananandi., splendid as millions of suns ,bhanu3$oti3sama3prabha., invincible as millions of 1amara*as ,$rtanta3$oti3durlanghya., and handsome as millions of Kamadevas ,$ama3$oti3manohara.. 16' -e is wealthy as millions of Kuveras ,ya$sa3 rat3$oti3dhanavan., powerful as millions of #aruts ,marut3$oti3sva3viryavan., deep as millions of oceans ,samudra3$oti3gambhira., and steady as millions of -imalaya mountains ,himavat3$oty3a$ampana.. 16+ -e is a philanthropist that gives the wealth obtained by performing millions of asvamedha3ya*nas ,$oty3asvamedhadhya3hara., -e is sacred as millions of holy places ,tirtha3$oty3adhi$ahvaya., -e puts an end to death as effectively as millions of immortality potions ,piyusa3$oti3mrtyu3ghna., and -e fulfils as desires as millions of Kamadhenu cows ,$amadhu$3$oty3abhista3 da.. 16/ -e is splendid as millions of Indras ,sa$ra3$oti3 vilasadhya., -e is the leader of millions of universes ,$oti3brahmanda3naya$a., -is efforts are never thwarted ,sarvamoghodyama., -is glories are limitless ,ananta3 $irti., and -is heroic power is also limitless ,nihsima3 paurusa.. 160 -is glory fulfils all desires ,sarvabhista3prada3 yasa.. 9o hear and chant -is glories is the most pious deed ,punya3sravana3$irtana.. -is humanli$e activities are glorified by <rahma and the demigods ,brahmadi3 sura3sangita3vita3manusa3cestita.. 162 -e is without beginning, middle or end ,anadi3 madhya3nidhana., -e neither grows nor declines ,vrddhi3$saya3vivar*ita., -e gives transcendental $nowledge to -is devotees, beginning with @ddhava ,sva3bha$toddhava3mu$hyai$a3*nana3da., and -e is transcendental $nowledge personified ,*nana3vigraha.. 166 (n the pretext of a brahmana5s curse -e destroyed the power of the 1adu dynasty ,vipra3sapa3 cchala3dhvasta3yadu3vamsogra3vi$rama., -e gave to the hunter Eara, residence in the spiritual world in the same body ,sa3sarira3*ara3vyadha3svarga3da., and -e was 20

glorified by the residents of the spiritual world ,svarga3 samstuta.. 167 -e delights the liberated, they who yearn for liberation, and even the materialists ,mumu$su3mu$ta3 visayi3*anananda3$ara., -e is fame personified ,yasah., -is fame $ills the sins of Kali3yuga ,$ali3$ala3mala3 dhvamsi3yasah., and hearing about -im is the most auspicious activity ,sravana3mangala.. 17: -e is dear to the devotees ,bha$ta3priya., -e is the welfare of the devotees ,bha$ta3hita., -e is a lotus flower that pleases the bumblebees that are -is devotees ,bha$ta3bhramara3pan$a*a., -e protects all who remember -im ,smrta3matra$hila3trata. and -e is the author of sacred mantras and yantras ,yantra3mantra3 prabhan*a$a.. 171 ?ll auspiciousnes flows from -is holy name ,sarva3sampat3srvai3nama., -e is fond of tulasi garlands ,tulasi3dama3vallabha., -is form cannot be measured ,aprameya3vapu., -e id decorated with splendid and priceless ornaments ,bhasvad3anarghyanga3vibhusana.. 17 -e gives happiness to the world ,visvai$a3 su$ha3da., -e protects the happiness of the devotees in the world ,visva3sa*3*anananda3pala$a., -e is the crest *ewel of the demigods ,sarva3deva3siro3ratnam., and -e en*oys pleasures that are limitless and wonderful ,adbhutananta3bhogavan.. 17' -e is beyond the material senss ,adho$sa*a., -e is the life of the people ,*ana*ivya., -e is the shelter of all saintly devotees ,sarva3sadhu3*anasraya., -is name destroys all fears ,samasta3bhaya3bhin3nama., and remembrance of -im destroys all fears ,smrta3matrarti3 nasa$a.. 17+ 9he people are filled with bliss by hearing -is glories ,sva3yasah3sravanananda3*ana3ragi., -e is an ocean of virtues ,gunarnava., -is form is beyond description ,anirdesya3vapuh., -e is the shelter of the distressed ,tapta3sarana., and -e is the life of the people ,*iva3*ivana.. 17/ -e is the supreme wealth ,paramartha., the supreme ob*ect of $nowledge ,param3vedya., the supreme splendour ,para3*yotih., the supreme destination ,para3gati., the ultimate goal of the 4edas ,vedanta3vedya., the master of all opulences ,bhagavan., and an endless ocean of happinesses ,ananta3su$ha3 sagara.. 170 -is glories brea$ the bonds that tie one to the material world ,*agad3bandha3dhvamsa3yasa., -e is the shelter of they who live in the material world ,*aga*3 *iva3*anasraya., -e is the sole ruler of the spiritual world ,vai$untha3lo$ai$a3pati., and -e is dear to the people of the spiritual world ,vai$untha3*ana3vallabha.. 172 -e is )radyumna ,pradyumna., who is Cu$mini5s son ,ru$mini3putra., the $iller of Sambara ,sambara3ghna., dear to Cati ,rati3priya., the holder of a bow of flowers ,puspa3dhanva., victorious in the entire world ,visva3*ayi., and the $iller of Byuman ,dyumat3 prana3nisuda$a.. 176 -e is ?niruddha ,aniruddha., who is Kamadeva5s son ,$ama3suta., the father of the 4edas ,sabda3yoni., very powerful ,maha3$rama., @sa5s husband ,usa3pati., the master of the 4rsnis ,vrsni3pati., the master of the senses ,hrsi$esa., and the master of the mind ,manah3pati.. 177 -e is the teach of Srimad <hagavatam ,srimad3 bhagavatacarya., the ocean of all 4edanta philosophy

,sarva3vedanta3sagara., Su$adeva Gosvami ,su$a., the $nower of all principles of religion ,sa$ala3dharma3*na., and $ind to King )ari$sit ,pari$sin3nrpa3sat3$rpa.. :: -e is &ord <uddha ,sri3buddha., who destroys the demonic concept of life ,dusta3buddhi3ghna., who leads the demons outside the 4edic system ,daitya3veda3 bahis3$ara., who teaches the path of atheism ,pa$handa3 marga3pravada., and who, without any weapon, con%uered the world ,nirayudha3*aga*3*aya.. :1 -e is &ord Kal$i ,$al$i., who puts an end to the Kali3yuga ,$ali3yuga3cchedi., who starts the Satya3 yuga again ,punah3satya3pravarta$a., who is the son of the brahmana 4isnuyasah ,vipra3visnuyaso3patya., and who revives the principles of religion, which had been destroyed ,nasta3dharma3pravarta$a.. : -e will appear in the Sarasvata3manvantara ,sarasvata.. -e is the $ing of the worlds ,sarvabhauma., -e too$ the three worlds from King <ali ,bali3trailo$ya3 sadha$a., in the eighth manvantara -e will teach the principles of religion ,astamy3antara3sad3dharma3 va$ta., and -e is dear to King <ali ,vairocani3priya.. :' -e is the giver of long life ,ayus$ara., the master of the goddess of fortune ,rama3natha., the $iller of the demigods5 enemies ,amarari3$ula3$rntana., the person who gives auspiciousness to King Indra ,srutendra3hita3$rt., and the giver of liberation to the great philosophers and heroes ,dhira3vira3mu$ti3phala3 prada.. :+ -is armies are everywhere ,visva$sena., -e is Siva5s friend ,sambhu3sa$ha., -e comes as the protector of the tenth manvantara ,dasamantara3pala$a., -e brings auspiciousness to the ocean of <rahmasavarni #anu5s family ,brahmasavarni3vamsabdhi hita3$rt., and -e ma$es the universe prosper ,visva3vardhana.. :/ -e teaches the principles of religion ,dharma3 setu., -e $ills irreligion ,adharma3ghna., -e assigns the post of Indra ,vaidhrtendra3pada3prada., -e $ills the demons ,asuranta3$ara., -e is Bevarya$a5s son ,devarya$a3sunu., and -e is elo%uent ,subhasana.. :0 -e resides in -is own spiritual abode ,svadhama., -e is the son of Sunrta ,sunrta3sunu., -e is the son of the brahmana Satyate*a ,satyate*o3 dvi*atma*a., -e protects the yugas in the reigns of the twelve manus ,dvisan3manu3yuga3trata., and -e guards the gate of )atalalo$a ,patala3pura3darana.. :2 -e is the son of Bevahotra ,daivahotri., the son <rhati ,barhateya., the ruler of the heavenly worlds ,divam3pati., very dear ,ati3priya., and the protector of the demigods ,trayodasantara3trata., and the $ing of yoga and the yogis ,yoga3yogi3*anesvara.. :6 -e is the resting place of the 4edic sacrifices ,satrayana., -e has powerful arms ,brhad3bhanu., -e is Garuda ,vainateya., -e is the best of the wise ,vid3 uttama., -e is the author of the $arma3$anda ,$arma3 $andai$a3pravada., and -e is the author of the devotional 9antras ,deva3tantra3pravarta$a.. :7 -e is <rahma ,paramesthi and brahma., -e is the oldest ,para3*yestha., -e is the master and creator of the material universe ,visva3sr*am3pati., from -is is born the lotus of the universe ,ab*a3yoni., -e rides on a swan ,hamsa3vaha., and -e is the grandfather of all the worlds ,sarva3lo$a3pitamaha.. 1: -e is all3pervading ,visnu., and -e is the protector of all the worlds ,sarva3*agat3pata.. -e is peaceful ,santa., pure ,suddha., eternal ,sanatana., 21

worshipped by the brahmanas ,dvi*a3pu*ya., an ocean of mercy ,daya3sindhu., the shlter ,saranya., and affectionate to the devotees ,bha$ta3vatsala.. 11 -e is Siva ,rudra, mrdha, siva, santa, and sambhu, sarva3hara, hara, $apardi, san$ara, suli, try3 a$sa, abhedya and mahesvara.. 1 -e is the *udge of all ,sarvdhya$sa., -e has all powers ,sarva3sa$ti., -e is all that has meaning ,sarvartha., -is faces are everywhere ,sarvato3mu$ha., -e resides everywhere ,sarvavasa., -e assumes any form -e wishes ,sarva3rupa., and -e is the original cause of all causes ,sarva3$arana3$aranam.. (m. 1' ( brahmana, now I have spo$en &ord 4isnu5s thousand names, which extinguish all sins, fulfil all desires... 1+ ...purify the mind and the heart, ma$e devotion for the &ord, grow, remove all obstacles, give all wonderful powers and opulences... 1/ ...stop all sufferings, and grant the results of the four goals of life for people from all varnas who ta$e shelter of &ord 4isnu5s feet and with faith and with great devotion day after day hear, read or chant them. 10 <y chanting these names a brahmana attains $nowledge, a $satriya attains the entire earth, a vaisya attains great wealth and a sudra attains whatever perfection he desires. 12 If out of foolishness one deliberately or accidentally commits the ' offenses or the 1: offenses to the holy name... 16 ? person who attentively reads, recites, chants, remembers, or hears these names becomes at once liberated. 17 "othing is the three worlds is more sacred than these names. <y chanting them even once one is liberated from the bonds of repeated birth and death. : 9herefore, with faith and devotion you should always chant these thousand names of &ord 4isnu, which grant pure love for the &ord. 1 Sri "arada said: I am fortunate. 1ou, who are very merciful at heart have been $ind to me, for you have spo$en to me the thousand transcendental names of &ord Krsna. If, out of laDiness or foolishness, I cannot chant all these names every day, what should I doF )lease tell me, ( &ord. ' Sri Siva said: ( brahmana, if you cannot recite all these names every day, then every day chant: Krsna8 Krsna8 Krsna8 + ( sage of the brahmanas, by once chanting this name you will attain everything. -ow much more, then, will you attain by chanting the &ord5s names a thousand timesF / <y chanting the &ord5s holy names one crosses the ocean of birth and death and attains &ord Krsna, whose form is that of a cowherd boy.

Patala Seven Seva-namaparadha-kathana Description of Offenses to Devotional Service and the .ol/ ,ame

13' Sri Siva said: ( "arada, ( brahmana, I do not see any end to the pious credits attained by they who, ta$ing shelter of &ord 4isnu5s lotus feet, with devotion hear, chant, or remember these thousand names of &ord 4isnu every day, a hundred times, twenty times, five times, only once or whenever they wish. 9hey bring the supremely blissful )ersonality of Godhead under their control. + 9his is because the holy name is the supreme sacred place. 9he holy name is the supreme Beity. 9he holy name is the supreme austerity. / 9he holy name is the Supreme gift. 9he holy name is the supreme pious deed. 9he holy name is the supreme religion. 9he holy name is the supreme wealth. 0 ( best of brahmanas, the holy name is the desire of the devotees. 9he holy name is their final liberation. 9he holy name is the way they who are filled with yearnings may attain their wishes. 2 9he holy name is the supreme devotional service. 9he holy name is the supreme destination. 9he holy name is the supreme mantra. 9he holy name is the supreme prayer. 6 9he holy name is the wealth of they who have no material desires. 9he holy name gives sense gratification and liberation. 9he holy name is the supreme happiness. 9he holy name is the catalyst that brings renunciation. 7 9he holy name purifies the heart. 9he holy name gives transcendental $nowledge. 9he holy name gives liberation to they who yearn for liberation. 9he holy name fulfils all the desires of they who yearn for sense pleasures. 9he holy name is the final result attained by the devotees. 9herefore one should always remember the holy name. 1: ;hether spo$en as a *o$e, in moc$ery, in a cry of pain, or to call someone by name, the holy name of the Supreme &ord removes all sins. 11 ? sinful person is not able to commit a sin the holy name of &ord -ari cannot purify. 1 ?s fire %uic$ly burns a ball of cotton, so the holy name of &ord -ari %uic$ly burns all the sins of person who $nowingly or un$nowingly chants. 1' ( best of brahmanas, a person who faithfully chants the holy name of &ord -ari gradually attains an eternal result. 1+ -e attains great piety, the annihilation of his sins, four $inds of renunciation, service to the spiritual master, awareness of the self, dismantling of illusions, and eternal perception of perfect transcendental bliss. 1/ Sri "arada said: ( best of the demigods, for the welfare of the people of the world please describe the four $inds of renunciation you have *ust mentioned, four $inds of renunciation that bring transcendental $nowledge. 10 Sri Siva said: ;hen a person en*oys the ob*ects of the senses but remains unattached to that en*oyment, his renunciation is called amana. 12 ( best of the devotees, $now that the second $ind of renunciation, where one has no real taste for sense pleasures, but only acts out of duty, is called vyatire$a. 16 9he third $ind of renunciation, where one has no real attraction for sense pleasures, although the

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senses may still interact with the material en*oyments, is called indriya. 17 ( brahmana, the renunciation where neither the mind nor the senses have any real attraction for sense pleasures, and both have retreated from materialistic activities, is called the fourth $ind of renunciation. : ( best of brahmanas, these $inds of renunciation, as well as the pure $nowledge that brings spiritual bliss, both spontaneously come to a person devoted to chanting the &ord5s holy name. 13 <y going on many pilgrimages, giving abundant charity, performing many austerities, offering many homa and ma$ha ya*nas, chanting many mantras, following many vows, and diligently practicing yoga one does not attain &ord 4isnu5s supreme abode. (nly by chanting &ord -ari5s holy names does one attain it. ( brahmana, please have no doubts that one who chants -is names is most dear to &ord -ari. ' Gven a very sinful person who thus glorifies the &ord will cross beyond the world of birth and death. Bo not doubt this. I tell you the truth. + ( brahmana, a person devoted to chanting the holy name becomes free from all of Kali3yuga5s sins and goes to the realm of &ord 4isnu. / 9herefore, a person who without offense once chants the holy name crosses the ocean of repeated birth and death. ( brahmana, of this there is no doubt. 0 ( best of brahmanas, a person who desires auspiciousness should not commit the ten offenses to &ord 4isnu5s holy name. 2 =rom the mouth of the Supreme &ord you have heard the ' offences to &ord 4isnu and the ten offenses to &ord 4isnu5s holy name. ( &ord please describe them to us. 6 Sri Siva said: ( "arada, please listen and I will describe these offenses to &ord 4isnu. ( sage, a person who always commits them goes to hell. 7 9hese offenses are: 1. touching &ord 4isnu without having first ta$en a bath, . bathing the &ord without a conchshell, '. touching the &ord when one is in an unclean state, +. after one has finished his meal, drin$ing the water that has washed the &ord5s feet,.. ': ../. worshipping the &ord without ma$ing a sound, 0. worshipping the &ord without also offering food, 2. worshipping the &ord while one sits on a throne or a raised platform, 6. fanning the &ord when the weather is cold,... '1 ...7. worshipping the Beity after one has seen a woman in her period, 1:. entering the temple without ringing a bell, 1.. anointing the &ord with sandal paste in the winter, 1 . failing to anoint the &ord with sandal paste in the summer,... ' ...1'. offering the &ord a flower that was not washed with water, 1+. observing a great festival without performing a fire3sacrifice, 1/. turning one5s bac$ to the &ord when the worship is completed, 10. wal$ing in front of the &ord when the worship is completed,... '' ...12. eating in the temple of the &ord, or worshipping the &ord when one is morose because of not having eaten, 16. wearing shoes into the temple of the &ord, 17. wearing a woollen cadar into the temple,... '+ ... :. ta$ing the first step into the temple with the left foot, 1. *umping and playing in the temple, .

eating food not first offered to the &ord, ', spitting in the temple, +. brushing the teeth with a banyan or palasa twig,... '/ .... /. appearing before the Beity as one rides on a palan%uin or other vehicle, 0. thin$ing the food offered to the &ord is material, 2. thin$ing the Salagrama3sila is only a stone, 6. thin$ing the Beity of the &ord is a stone statue,... '0 ... 7. not chanting the glories of &ord -ari, ':. thin$ing the devotees of the &ord are ordinary persons, and '1. thin$ing &ord 4isnu is one of the many demigods, and ' . offering to &ord 4isnu what has already been offered to another deity. '2 9hese are the ' offenses to &ord 4isnu. "ow please hear the offenses to &ord 4isnu5s holy names. '6 9hese offenses are: 1. blasphemy of the great devotees, . thin$ing &ord Siva is the same as &ord 4isnu, '. to disrespect the spiritual master, +. blasphemy of 4edic literature, /. to give some interpretation on the holy name of the &ord, 0. to desire to commit sins, confident that the holy name will forgive,... '7 ...2. to thin$ the holy name is e%ual to the performance of religious ceremonies, 6. to give the holy name to the faithless, 7. to not have faith in the holy name, even after hearing the glories of the holy name, 1:. to be proud as one chants the holy name. +: ( best of brahmanas, I have now told you the offenses to the holy name. (ne should carefully avoid them, for they lead one to hell. +1 Sri "arada said: ( &ord, it is not possible for materialists, whose hearts are attached to sense gratification, to suddenly abandon these offenses to &ord -ari. + ( &ord, please tell me a way the materialists can become free from these offenses. +' Sri Siva said: &ord Krsna forgives a hundred offenses of one who circumambulates -im a hundred times, or offers dandavat obeisances, falling li$e a stic$ to the ground. ++ ? hundred circumambulations performed without bowing one5s head and $nees brings no good result. 9herefore with each circumambulation one must bow down. +/ If one calls out, >Eagannatha8> ,( &ord of the universes., the &ord forgives a hundred of his offenses. +0 ;ithout offending the devotees and thus being excluded from the &ord5s mercy, one should always chant the holy name. In that way one will cross beyond the offenses to the name. +2 ? person who ta$es shelter of &ord 4isnu5s lotus feet crosses beyond all offences. <y chanting the holy name one crosses beyond offenses to &ord 4isnu. 9here is no remedy for they who offend the &ord5s devotees. +6 Sri "arada said: ( &ord, to show $indness to both the people in general and to me also, please tell me the remedy for offenses to the devotees. +7 Sri Siva said: ( best of the brahmanas, the offenses to the devotees are: 1. stealing the property of a devotee of 4isnu, . insulting a great devotee, and '. violently attac$ing a devotee. 9hese are the offenses to the devotees. "ow please hear the remedy for them.

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/: ,=or the first offense one should. return the wealth twicefold, offer obeisances to ,the offended person5s. feet, and say, >)lease forgive my offense>. /1 ,=or the second offense. one should spend some months, according to the gravity of the insults, being self3controlled and avoiding envy and hatred. 9hen by the offended devotee5s mercy one will become purified ,of the offense.. / ,In the third offense. for as long as one lives one should diligently serve the devotee that had been attac$ed. <y his mercy one will become free of the offense. 9here is no other remedy. ;ithout performing these remedies for offenses there is nothing to rescue one from going to hell. /' ( brahmana, when on un$nowingly commits an offense the mercy of the offended devotee destroys the effect of the offense. ;hen one $nowingly commits an offense he should ma$e amends twicefold. 9hese are the eternal principles of religion. /+ It is not an offense to punish a child, a disciple, or one5s wife. It is an offense to punish others. (f this there is no doubt. // I do not see any remedy for the offense of pulling a devotee5s hair or $ic$ing him in the face. =or this reason one should never act in that way.

Patala 0i ht 'hakti-rahas/a-kathana Description of the Secrets of Devotional Service 1 Sri Siva said: "ow I will tell you the most confidential secret. <y following this with faith one will attain firm devotion to &ord -ari. ?bandoning the belief that by ta$ing shelter of the demigods, going on pilgrimages, and following varnasrama3dharma one will cross beyond all miseries, one should happily surrender to &ord Krsna5s lotus feet. ' (ne should say, >Sri Krsna, the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, the master of the universes, is my only shelter8> and one should be devoted to the &ord5s name and to one5s spiritual master. + ( brahmana, abandoning worship of the demigods by presenting offerings to them and performing other $inds of service to them, one should, aware that -e is the master of all the demigods, worship Krsna alone. / ? householder devotee of &ord 4isnu should perform his inevitable regular and occasional duties and at the same time thin$ of &ord Krsna in his mind. 0 ?fter one has first worshipped &ord Krsna one may worship the demigods according to the rules of scripture, but one must always remember &ord Krsna in one5s heart. 2 (therwise one should not worship the demigods and one should not follow the in*unctions and prohibitions of demigod3worship. 6 =or they who renounce wife, children, friends, and others, ta$e shelter of &ord Krsna, and devotedly chant -is glories, there is no other duty to be performed. 7 ? person who to attain material desires worships the demigods and ma$es offerings to them falls down from devotional service. -e does not leave this world of repeated birth and death.

1: ? merciless materialist, whose heart is filled with lusty desires, and who $ills an animal, is tortured in hell for years e%ualling the number of hairs on the animal5s body. 11 9here is no sin in $illing animals offered in 4edic sacrifices. Still, that is the path of they who have material desires. 9he path of renunciation is better. 1 9he lowest of men $ill animals in the course of worshipping the demigods. If somehow they go to the heavenly planets, they must later also go to hell. 1' >?s I eat his flesh ,mamsa. now, so he ,sa. in the future will eat me ,mam..> In this way the wise explain the derivation of the word >mamsa> ,meat.. 1+ 9hey who ta$e shelter of devotional service to &ord 4isnu and then $ill animals without offering them in worship to the demigods fall from the path of devotional service. 1/ &iving entities who attain the human form of live and do not worship &ord -ari5s feet or ta$e shelter of -im alone, attain a wretched birth as an unmoving plant or similar living entity. 10 <rahma, Indra and I worship &ord Krsna day and night. ;hat demigod is better than &ord Krsna, the Supreme )ersonality of GodheadF 12 ?ll people and their rulers yearn to attain -is mercy. Gven though -e ignores her, goddess &a$smi serves -is feet. 16 ;hat demigod is greater than &ord Krsna, the beloved of &a$smi and the saviour from miseriesF ;hat person engaged in chanting -is names does not attain the supreme abodeF 17 Service to -is feet is the root from which material piety, economic development, sense gratification and liberation grow. ;hat demigod is greater than -imF -e is an ocean of mercy. -e has a noble heart. : 9he smallest service -e considers very great. ;hat demigod is greater than -imF -e is easy to worship. -e is the master of the universes. 1 ;hoever somehow or other worships -im attains the perfection he desires. -e attains liberation. -e attains fearlessness. ;hat demigod is greater than &ord Krsna, the son of Beva$i3deviF -e descended to the material world to reveal -is glories and liberate the people. ' 9herefore one should abandon the worship of the demigods and the presentation of offerings to them. =ollowing the teachings of a bona3fide spiritual master, one should worship &ord Krsna5s feet. + Gvery day one should hear &ord 4isnu5s supremely auspicious glories, chant -is names with one5s mouth, and remember -im with one5s mind. / (ne should love the devotees of &ord 4isnu and avoid the non3devotees. (ne should en*oy whatever happiness destiny gives and not struggle for more. 0 If it does not impede his devotional service one should travel, staying as a guest at many homes. If that does impede his service one should stay at one place and associate with the devotees of &ord 4isnu. 2 ;hether one is a brahmacari, grhastha, vanaprastha, or sannyasi, he cannot attain perfection without the association of devotees. 6 ;ithout the association of devotees there can be no devotional service and without devotional service there can be no renunciation, $nowledge, or liberation. 24

7 (ne should ignore the outward symbols of the different asramas and live among the devotees, for by hearing and chanting the &ord5s glories in their association one develops love for &ord -ari. ': ( "arada, attainment of Svargalo$a and impersonal liberation are not e%ual to even a moment5s association with the devotees of &ord 4isnu. ;hat can be said, then, of other, inferior $inds of happinessF '1 (ne should not associate with the demigods5 servants, who are wounded by the arrows ,of material desires.. It is better, I thin$, to embrace a sna$e, a tiger or a crocodile. ' (ne should ta$e care to associate with &ord -ari5s devotees, who give liberation to birds and beasts, what to spea$ of human beings. '' ;ithout having to cultivate renunciation or $nowledge, simply by associating with the devotees one attains &ord 4isnu. 9his is so because the devotees always stay near &ord 4isnu. '+ (nce they hear that by associating with the devotees, they will %uic$ly attain the association of &ord -ari, the people cannot leave the devotees. 9he devotees are li$e many auspicious and sacred Ganges rivers. '/ If even a person completely ignorant of the nectar mellows of devotional service somehow attains the association of the devotees, he becomes a great soul learned in the nectar of devotional service. -e becomes free from the bonds of $arma. '0 <y that association he attains transcendental love for the supremely pure )ersonality of Godhead, a love that fulfils all desires. '2 ( brahmana, when he understand the truth about that love he no longer han$ers after salo$ya and the other $inds of liberation, what to spea$ of other, inferior happinesses. '6 ( best of the brahmanas, the devotees shun material benefits and liberation. 9hey are aware only of the supremely blissful )ersonality of Godhead. '7 <ound by vines of love, supremely blissful &ord -ari always stays in their hearts as if -e were a picture drawn there.

Patala ,ine .imsa-/ukta-devatantara-pu1ana-hetu-kathana Descriptions of the *eason (iolent 2orship is Offered to the Demi ods 1 Sri "arada said: ( master of the demigods, if service to &ord Krsna5s feet is so glorious why do people worship the demigodsF ;hat is their desire.F Sri Siva said: In the beginning of Satya3yuga all human beings were devotees of &ord 4isnu. 9hey did not worship the demigods. 9hey only worshipped &ord 4isnu. ' So that we also could receive worship, with out body, words, and mind we ,the demigods. worshipped &ord 4isnu, the master of the demigods and the ruler of the senses. + )leased with us, the all3powerful &ord, who is the master of the demigods and the husband of the

goddess of fortune, said: >I will descend ,to the world., worship you, and ma$e the people worship you also. / >Gveryone will worship you with devotion. 9heir worship of you will bring them happiness.> 0 9hen the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, the husband of the goddess of fortune, singled me out and said: >( Siva, you should again and again conceal me with many scriptures you write from your own imagination.> 2 ;hen I prayed that -e grant me auspiciousness, the &ord said, >?lways recite #y thousand transcendental names and that will release you from the sin of offending #e>. 6 9hen I concealed &ord Krsna with many scriptures, but I did not conceal the demigods. ( brahmana, I revealed a series of religious rituals, mantras, mystic diagrams, and amulets that bring specific benefits. 7 9heir intelligence made feeble by these scriptures, the people stopped worshipping &ord Krsna, the master of the universes, and worshipped instead the many demigods, ma$ing offerings to them again and again. 1: Impelled by many material desires, they worship the various demigods, but when the en*oyments they attain are over they go to a very dar$ hell. 11 ( brahmana, seeing what had happened to the people, and afraid at heart that I had committed a great sin, I too$ shelter of &ord Krsna5s feet. 1 (ffering obeisances, humbly bowing my nec$, and folding my hands, I offered prayers with great devotion in my heart. I said: 1' (m. (beisances to 1ou, &ord Krsna, who bring the living entities to the spiritual world, who befriend the living entities that ta$e shelter of the pastimes at 1our lotus feet, whose desires are always fulfilled, who give the most precious treasure, who are a great treasury of transcendental $nowledge and wisdom, and who are born from 1our own self. 1+ 1ou alone are the greatest. ?t the beginning of creation, at the time of cosmic devastation, and at the beginning of the yugas, 1ou appear before the wise devotees. ?t other times 1ou also appear in many different forms. (beisances to 1ou, whose pastimes have no end. 1/ (beisances8 (beisances to 1ou, &ord Krsna, the witness who sees the material energy, time, and the living entities5 hearts and deeds, who loves everyone e%ually, and who expands in many forms and en*oys endless transcendental pastimes8 10 ( &ord of the universes, they who hear, sing, and spea$ 1our glories, which purify all the worlds, do not see any way to become happy except by serving 1our lotus feet. 12 9hey who ta$e shelter of 1our feet and have no wealth except for 1ou $now 1ou in truth. (thers, whose hearts are pulled by many material desires, cannot $now 1ou. 16 ( all3powerful &ord, I always worship 1our lotus feet. I wish to honour 1ou and thus destroy my sins. 17 ( &ord -ari, again and again I ta$e shelter of 1our lotus feet so that I may become free of material desires. Simply by meditating on 1ou with all one5s

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heart one attains perfection. ;hat can be said, then, of what one attains by glorifying 1ouF : -earing my prayers, the merciful &ord, who removes the sufferings of the surrendered souls, made -is form visible to my eyes. 13 Seeing the merciful &ord, the master of all, who is devotedly served by the great demigods, filled with intense bliss, -is handsome eternal form splendid li$e a great sapphire, decorated with golden crowns, nec$laces, earrings, armlets, belts, an$lets and glittering red bracelets, I placed -is lotus feet, over my heart. I happily cried out, >( Govinda, ( Bamodara, ( Sri Krsna8> with my many mouths. (vercome with *oy by seeing the &ord of the universes, a flooding stream of tears flowed from my many eyes and drowned my limbs. Seeing that I was stunned with *oy and could not spea$, the Supreme &ord, who is dear to the devotees, then spo$e to me. ' ( best of the demigods, I $now that you yearn to associate with #y devotees. I will be $ind to you and I will give you this benediction: 1ou will narrate #y pastimes and all the people of the world will become devotees. 1our wife )arvati will also become a devotee and she will become happy and pleased with you. 1ou are the best of #y devotees. + ?fter spea$ing these words, the &ord went to -is own abode beyond the material worlds. ( best of brahmanas, now that I have obtained these benedictions, my life is a great success. / 9hen that day came and, by my association, )arvati, who is the %ueen of the demigods and the controller of the worlds, became a devotee of &ord 4isnu. 9hen she as$ed me many %uestions ,about devotional service.. 0 ,( "arada., then you became a great devotee, and the sages headed by the four Kumaras, the leaders of the planets, the demigods headed by Kuvera, and my followers, headed by "andisvara, all became devotees. 2 She as$ed me many specific %uestions about 1our lotus feet. Huestions that brought supremely auspicious answers that purify all the worlds. 6 ( best of brahmanas, she as$ed many %uestions and I answered them. #y sober and thoughtful son Ganesa stayed nearby and wrote down our conversations. 7 #y conversations with the great devotees were very sweet. 9hey charm the hearts of all the worlds. 9hey became many scriptures that bring auspiciousness to all the worlds. ': ( best of sages, on the earth the people will hear these scriptures, the 4aisnava 9antras, and they will repeat them again and again in place after place. '1 In "aimisaranya forest, in the assembly of sages headed by Sauna$a Csi, you will repeat this scripture, the Satvata 9antra, which is dear to the Supreme )ersonality of Godhead. ' Sri "arada said: I have now heard this scripture, the transcendental Satvata 9antra from your mouth, my lord, but even after hearing it I have a doubt about its prohibition of violence. '' 9he 4edas prescribe violence to animals in the context of sacrificial performances. 9he $nowers of the 4edas say that this sacrificial $illing is not $illing in truth.

'+ ;hy is this action, which is described in the Sruti and Smrti, and which brings good results in this life and in the next, forbidden. '/ Sri Siva said: ( best of brahmanas, for they who have material desires the Sruti and Smrti describe two $inds of action: 1. pravrtta ,pious action in the world., and . nivrtta ,renunciation of the world.. '0 ;hen a human being engages in the pious activities of pravrtta he goes to the realm of Svargalo$a. ;hen his pious credits are almost all used up he comes to the earth and is born among fruitive wor$ers. '2 ? yogi, following the path of nivrtta, in his heart renounces the desire for material en*oyments. -e attains the supreme perfection and never returns ,to this world.. '6 ( brahmana, a person who has many material desires and also has faith in the pious activities of pravrtta, is bound by six restrictions. '7 9here is no rule that one must commit violence. ;hat is given is permission for violence under some circumstances. -owever, the wise say violence is forbidden, even in the course of 4edic sacrifices. +: "on3violence is an important religious principles. It is honoured by all varnas and asramas. It should be followed by human beings. It brings to human beings the fulfilment of their desires. +1 9he devotees of &ord 4isnu specifically re*ect acts of violence. 9he Supreme )ersonality of Godhead is %uic$ly pleased by refraining from violence to any living entities. + 9he Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, the master of all, has entered in many species of moving and unmoving beings. +' In some scriptures I myself have described violence to be performed in certain religious rituals, but that is only so living entities filled with material desires may attain their wishes. ++ ;hat do the devotees of &ord 4isnu want from meF ,9hey have no material desires. 9herefore for them violence is condemned, even in the course of 4edic sacrifices. +/ 9herefore you should abandon all materialistic activities and instead hear the sacred narrations of &ord Krsna, which fulfil the desires of all the worlds. +0 1ou should hear the scriptures that recommend renunciation. <y hearing them you will become devoted to &ord. Cenunciation *oined with devotion to &ord -ari is said to be the best of spiritual paths. +2 ( best of brahmanas, you should especially always hear and chant &ord Krsna5s pastimes, which bring auspiciousness to all the worlds. +63+7 9hey who do not worship the demigods or ta$e shelter of them, but instead worship &ord Krsna5s feet and ta$e shelter of -im alone, become successful in both this life and the next. 9hey become dear to the &ord and they attain a multitude of eternal transcendental blisses. /:3/ 9hey who, not $nowing this, always worship the demigods and $ill animals out of a desire for their own happiness, are bewildered fools, although they may thin$ themselves very learned. 9hey can never be peaceful. ;hen their time of en*oyment is over they will suffer.

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( brahmana, thus I have spo$en the transcendental Satvata 9antra, which is the life of the devotees, and which grants all perfections. Simply by hearing or chanting it one develops love for &ord Krsna. /' ( saintly one, for one who attained love for -im, what else remainsF 9he Supreme )ersonality of Godhead has spo$en this scripture to increase love and devotion for -im. /+ ( brahmana, in this 9antra were described the creation of the material universe, &ord 4isnu5s incarnations with their plenary parts and sub3parts... // ...the different $inds of devotional service, the different $inds of devotees, the different ways, in the different yugas, to attain liberation by serving &ord 4isnu... /0 ...the thousand names of &ord 4isnu, the transcendental glories of the holy name, the remedies for offenses to &ord 4isnu5s holy name and &ord 4isnu5s devotees,... /2 ...the best of all secrets, the reason the 9antras were written, and, in answer to your %uestion, the reason violence is forbidden. /63/7 (beisances, obeisances to 1ou, the limitless Supreme )ersonality of Godhead, the saviour from miseries, the &ord whose limitless treasury of virtues is described by the 4edas, who are the master of transcendental opulences and powers, who are untouched by matter and eternally self3satisfied and whose holy name, when it enters the ear or is remembered in the heart, burns all sins, grants one a spiritual body of pure goodness, and allows one to directly see 1ou.

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