Honors Chemistry

Name Nikki Bahl Period ___ Date ______/______/______

U n i t 3 : C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s

Single Replacement Reactions Lab

Purpose: The purpose o this acti!ity is to determine "hich metals are most reacti!e and to create an order rom most reacti!e to least reacti!e#

Part I: Reactions with Aqueous Solutions Materials: $etals: (olutions: Copper Copper )**+ sul ate %ead (il!er nitrate &inc %ead )**+ nitrate $a'nesium &inc sul ate (il!er $a'nesium nitrate Calcium Procedures ,# Usin' a "ell plate and the chemical 'i!en- determine "hich reactions "ill occur .et"een the metals and the solutions# /# 0dd to each o the "ells a small piece o the appropriate metal "hich has irst .een cleaned "ith sand paper# Note: 1our teacher "ill pro!ide the calcium "hen you are ready or it# 3# Create a data ta.le to record your o.ser!ations o .e ore and a ter reactions# 2# 3.ser!e and record any e!idence o a replacement reaction )i#e# a thin coatin' appears on the sur ace o the metal+ occurrin' each o the test tu.es# * no chan'e is !isi.le "ithin i!e minutes- record this as 4no reaction5 Copper %ead &inc $a'nesium No reaction Turns 'rey/'reen Turns .lack Bu..lin'- darkens(reacted with copper (reacted with copper (reacted with copper disinte'ratin' sulfate) sulfate) sulfate) (reacted with copper sulfate) Copper %ead &inc $a'nesium No reaction No reaction Blackens- crystals Turns solid 'rey(reacted with lead (reacted with lead ormin' (reacted .u..lin'- PPT nitrate) nitrate) with lead nitrate) ormin' (reacted with lead nitrate) Copper %ead &inc $a'nesium No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction (reacted with (reacted with (reacted with (reacted with magnesium nitrate) magnesium nitrate) magnesium nitrate) magnesium nitrate) Copper %ead &inc $a'nesium No reaction No reaction No reaction Bu..lin'- li6uid turns (reacted with zinc (reacted with zinc (reacted with zinc milky sulfate) sulfate) sulfate) (reacted with zinc sulfate) Copper %ead &inc $a'nesium Blue/'reen 7rey crystals ormin' 7rey crystals ormin' Bro"n PPT ormin' li6uid/crystals (reacted with silver (reacted with silver (reacted with silver ormin' nitrate) nitrate) nitrate) (reacted with silver nitrate) (il!er (il!er (il!er (il!er No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction (solution was blue) (reacted with lead (reacted with (reacted with zinc (reacted with copper nitrate) magnesium nitrate) sulfate) sulfate) (il!er No reaction (reacted with silver

nitrate) Discussion Questions ,# 8rom Part *: 9hich o the metals 'a!e (a) our reactions: agnesium (b)three reactions: !inc (c) t"o reactions: Lea" (")one reaction: #opper (e) no reaction: Sil$er Use the ans"ers rom a.o!e to list the i!e metals in order o decreasin' reacti!ity# ,# /# 3# 2# :# $a'nesium &inc %ead Copper (il!er

/# 9rite net ionic e6uations or all the reactions that occurred )hi'hli'htin' the ones that "ere supposed to occur that you may not ha!e o.ser!ed+# 8or each o the reactionsdetermine "hich su.stances has .een o;idi<ed and "hich one has .een reduced as "ell as "hich is the o;idi<in' a'ent and "hich is the reducin' a'ent# &n(32 )a6+ = $')s+ &n)s+ = $'(32 )a6+ 3;idi<ed/Reducin' 0'ent: $')s+ Reduced/3;idi<in' 0'ent: &n)a6+ Cu(32 )a6+ = P.)s+ P.(32 )a6+ = Cu)s+ 3;idi<ed/Reducin' 0'ent: P. )s+ Reduced/3;idi<in' 0'ent: Cu)a6+ 0'N33 )a6+ = P.)s+ P.N33 )a6+ = 0')s+ 3;idi<ed/Reducin' 0'ent: P.)s+ Reduced/3;idi<in' 0'ent: 0')a6+ Cu(32 )a6+ = $')s+ $'(32 )a6+ = Cu )s+ 3;idi<ed/Reducin' 0'ent: $')s+ Reduced/3;idi<in' 0'ent: Cu)a6+ &n(32 )a6+ = 0')s+ no reaction ).ecause <inc is more reacti!e than sil!er+ 3# 0 metal "as ound in the la. that "as missin' its la.elin' tape# *n order to determine the identity o the metal se!eral reactions "ere per ormed# 9hen the metal "as placed in hydrochloric acid- it .u..led# No reaction "as noticed "hen placed in a solution o calcium nitrate# 0 reaction "as o.ser!ed "hen placed in a solution o <inc chloride# 9hat could the metal possi.ly .e> 9hat urther test could you run to determine the identity o the metal> The metal could .e calcium- sodium- ma'nesium or aluminum# * you "ant to ind out "hich one it is- you can test it .y placin' the metal in aluminum nitrate- ma'nesium nitrate- sodium sul ate or calcium nitrate# #onclusion: 0 statement a.out the acti!ity series you disco!ered# * learned more a.out the reacti!ity o elements/metals and the relationship .et"een di erent metals- and a.out sin'le replacement reactions#