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n=1
(a
n
cos nx + b
n
sin nx) .
(a) Write down the formulae for the coecients a
n
and b
n
.
(b) Sketch the function f(x) on the interval, x +, where
f(x) = | sin x|
and deduce whether it represents an even or an odd function.
(c) Show that the Fourier coecients of f(x) = | sin x| are:
a
0
=
4
a
n
=
2
(n
2
1)
_
(1)
n+1
1
_
b
n
= 0 , for all n
(d) Hence show that the Fourier series for f(x) = | sin x| may be written as
2
_
cos 2x
2
2
1
+
cos 4x
4
2
1
+
cos 6x
6
2
1
+
_
4. The vertical displacement y(x, t) of a stretched string is described by the wave equation
2
x
2
y(x, t) =
1
c
2
2
t
2
y(x, t)
where x is the distance along the string from one end, t is the time and c denotes the speed
of the wave along the string. Suppose the string has length L and is clamped at both ends,
so that the boundary conditions are dened by the equations y(0, t) = 0 and y(L, t) = 0.
(a) Use the method of separation of variables to show that a solution of the wave equation,
compatible with these conditions is
y(x, t) =
+
n=1
_
C
n
sin(
nct
L
) + D
n
cos(
nct
L
)
_
sin(
nx
L
)
where C
n
and D
n
are constants.
(b) If the initial conditions on the vertical displacement and vertical velocity are
y(x, 0) = 0
t
y(x, 0) =
_
2hx
L
0 x
L
2
2h[1
x
L
]
L
2
x L
Show that
y(x, t) =
8hL
3
c
_
sin(
x
L
) sin(
ct
L
)
1
3
3
sin(
3x
L
) sin(
3ct
L
)+
1
5
3
sin(
5x
L
) sin(
5ct
L
)
_
/CONTINUED
Page 3 of 5
210AMA102
SECTION B
Answer THREE Questions from THIS section
5. (a) The calculation of double integrals in two-dimensional Cartesian (x, y) and polar (r, )
co-ordinates requires the use of the Jacobian to convert between elements of area. Write
down the expression for the Jacobian
J =
(x, y)
(r, )
and show that when transforming to polar co-ordinates
dA = dxdy rdrd .
(b) Sketch the semi-circular region R dened by
x
2
+ y
2
4 0 y 2 .
(c) Taking R as dened in (b) calculate
_ _
R
yx
2
dydx
using both cartesian (x, y) and polar(r, ) co-ordinates and show that in each case the
answer is
64
15
.
6. (a) A parabolic dish in 3D is dened by the equation:
g(x, y, z) = x
2
+ y
2
z = 0 .
Calculate an expression for g. Hence nd a normal vector to the surface at the point
(3, 4, 25) and show that the equation of the tangent plane to this surface, at this point
is given by
6x + 8y z = 25 .
(b) The vector eld A(x, y, z) is dened as:
A(x, y, z) = xz i y
2
j + 2x
2
y k
and the scalar eld is dened as
= x
2
yz
3
.
Calculate expressions for the following quantities:
(i) (ii) A (iii) A (iv) div(A) (v) curl(A)
/CONTINUED
Page 4 of 5
210AMA102
7. (a) State, without proof, Greens theorem in the plane.
(b) Consider the triangle formed by the three points ABC in the x-y plane. The (x, y)
coordinates of the points are: A (0,0), B (1,0), and C (1,2).
Calculate the following line integral I around the closed triangular path ABCA, and
show it has the value given:
I =
_
ABCA
_
xy dx + x
2
y
3
dy
_
=
2
3
.
(c) Use Greens theorem in the plane to re-evaluate the integral I by means of a 2D integral
in Cartesian coordinates over the triangular region enclosed, and establish this method
also yields the vale for I of
2
3
given above.
8. (a) State, without proof, Gauss divergence theorem.
(b) Given the vector eld:
A(x, y, z) = (2x z)i + x
2
yj xz
2
k ,
calculate, using Cartesian co-ordinates, an expression for
A .
(c) Consider the cube of unit side dened by the region 0 x 1, 0 y 1, 0 z 1.
The surface S enclosing the region is dened by relevant portions of the the six surfaces
x = 0, x = 1 y = 0, y = 1 z = 0, z = 1 .
Using both the divergence theorem and direct calculation of the surface integral show
that
___
V
A dV =
11
6
.
END OF EXAMINATION
Page 5 of 5