week 9

Electromagnetic Induction Electromagnetic Field and Waves

Definition

Important Concepts

General Principles

General Principles

Important Concepts

A square conductor moves through a uniform magnetic field. Which of the figures shows the correct charge distribution on the conductor?

A square conductor moves through a uniform magnetic field. Which of the figures shows the correct charge distribution on the conductor?

The drawing shows the uniform magnetic field inside a long, straight solenoid. The field is directed into the plane of the drawing, and is increasing. What is the direction of the electric force on a positive point charge placed at point a, point b, or point c (the center of the solenoid)?

A. a: to the left; b: straight up; c: down and to the left B. a: to the right; b: straight down; c: up and to the right C. a: to the left; b: straight up; c: no force D. a: to the right; b: straight down; c: no force E. none of the above

The drawing shows the uniform magnetic field inside a long, straight solenoid. The field is directed into the plane of the drawing, and is increasing. What is the direction of the electric force on a positive point charge placed at point a, point b, or point c (the center of the solenoid)?

A. a: to the left; b: straight up; c: down and to the left B. a: to the right; b: straight down; c: up and to the right C. a: to the left; b: straight up; c: no force D. a: to the right; b: straight down; c: no force E. none of the above

A. the induced emf is clockwise A circular loop of wire is in a region of spatially uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the figure. If the magnetic field magnitude is constant, B. the induced emf is counterclockwise C. the induced emf is zero D. answer depends on how strong the field is

A. the induced emf is clockwise A circular loop of wire is in a region of spatially uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the figure. If the magnetic field magnitude is constant, B. the induced emf is counterclockwise C. the induced emf is zero D. answer depends on how strong the field is

A. the induced emf is clockwise A circular loop of wire is in a region of spatially uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the figure. If the magnetic field magnitude is decreasing, B. the induced emf is counterclockwise C. the induced emf is zero D. answer depends on how strong the field is

A. the induced emf is clockwise A circular loop of wire is in a region of spatially uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the figure. If the magnetic field magnitude is decreasing, B. the induced emf is counterclockwise C. the induced emf is zero D. answer depends on how strong the field is

The gure shows a 10-cm-diameter loop of wire in three different magnetic elds. The loop resistance is 0.20 ohms. For each case determine the induced emf, the induced current, and the direction of the current.

Ans: (a) and (b) 3.9 mV and 20 mA, clockwise; (c) zero

A flexible loop of wire lies in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude B directed into the plane of the picture. The loop is pulled as shown by the arrows, forming a loop of zero area and inducing a current. What statement about the induced current in the resistor R is correct?

A. current flows downward through R and is proportional to B B. current flows upward through R and is proportional to B C. current flows downward through R and is proportional to B2 D. current flows upward through R and is proportional to B2 E. none of the above

A flexible loop of wire lies in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude B directed into the plane of the picture. The loop is pulled as shown by the arrows, forming a loop of zero area and inducing a current. What statement about the induced current in the resistor R is correct?

A. current flows downward through R and is proportional to B B. current flows upward through R and is proportional to B C. current flows downward through R and is proportional to B2 D. current flows upward through R and is proportional to B2 E. none of the above

The rectangular loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long wire in the direction shown. Which of the following statements about the current induced in the loop is correct?

A. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I B. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I C. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I2 D. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I2 E. there is no induced current

The rectangular loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long wire in the direction shown. Which of the following statements about the current induced in the loop is correct?

A. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I B. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I C. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I2 D. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I2 E. there is no induced current

The rectangular loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long wire in the direction shown. Which of the following statements about the current induced in the loop is correct?

A. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I B. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I C. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I2 D. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I2 E. there is no induced current

The rectangular loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long wire in the direction shown. Which of the following statements about the current induced in the loop is correct?

A. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I B. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I C. the induced current is clockwise and proportional to I2 D. the induced current is counterclockwise and proportional to I2 E. there is no induced current

The gure shows the current as a function of time through a 20-cm-long, 4.0-cmdiameter solenoid with 400 turns. Draw a graph of the induced electric eld strength as a function of time at a point 1.0 cm from the axis of the solenoid.

Ans: Turn to next slide

The gure shows the current as a function of time through a 20-cm-long, 4.0-cmdiameter solenoid with 400 turns. Draw a graph of the induced electric eld strength as a function of time at a point 1.0 cm from the axis of the solenoid.

Ans:

A square loop of copper wire is pulled through a region of magnetic field. Rank in order, from strongest to weakest, the pulling forces Fa, Fb, Fc and Fd that must be applied to keep the loop moving at constant speed.

A. Fb = Fd > Fa = Fc B. Fc > Fb = Fd > Fa C. Fc > Fd > Fb > Fa D. Fd > Fb > Fa = Fc E. Fd > Fc > Fb > Fa

A square loop of copper wire is pulled through a region of magnetic field. Rank in order, from strongest to weakest, the pulling forces Fa, Fb, Fc and Fd that must be applied to keep the loop moving at constant speed.

A. Fb = Fd > Fa = Fc B. Fc > Fb = Fd > Fa C. Fc > Fd > Fb > Fa D. Fd > Fb > Fa = Fc E. Fd > Fc > Fb > Fa

A conducting loop is halfway into a magnetic field. Suppose the magnetic field begins to increase rapidly in strength. What happens to the loop?

A. The loop is pulled to the left, into the magnetic field. B. The loop is pushed to the right, out of the magnetic field. C. The loop is pushed upward, toward the top of the page. D. The loop is pushed downward, toward the bottom of the page. E. The tension is the wires increases but the loop does not move.

A conducting loop is halfway into a magnetic field. Suppose the magnetic field begins to increase rapidly in strength. What happens to the loop?

A. The loop is pulled to the left, into the magnetic field. B. The loop is pushed to the right, out of the magnetic field. C. The loop is pushed upward, toward the top of the page. D. The loop is pushed downward, toward the bottom of the page. E. The tension is the wires increases but the loop does not move.

Applications

Applications

A current I flows through an inductor L in the direction from point a toward point b. There is zero resistance in the wires of the inductor. If the current is decreasing,

A. the potential increases from point a to point b B. the potential drops from point a to point b C. answer depends on the magnitude of dI/dt compared to the magnitude of I D. answer depends on the value of the inductance L E. both C. and D. are correct

A current I flows through an inductor L in the direction from point a toward point b. There is zero resistance in the wires of the inductor. If the current is decreasing,

A. the potential increases from point a to point b B. the potential drops from point a to point b C. answer depends on the magnitude of dI/dt compared to the magnitude of I D. answer depends on the value of the inductance L E. both C. and D. are correct

Recall Vb-Va = -L dI /dt, when I is taken from a to b One way to remember this is that for an increasing current the potential drops in the direction of the current, just like in the case of resistors.

A. increases by a factor of !2 A steady current flows through an inductor. If the current is doubled while the inductance remains constant, the amount of energy stored in the inductor B. increases by a factor of 2 C. increases by a factor of 4 D. increases by a factor that depends on the geometry of the inductor E. none of the above

A. increases by a factor of !2 A steady current flows through an inductor. If the current is doubled while the inductance remains constant, the amount of energy stored in the inductor B. increases by a factor of 2 C. increases by a factor of 4 D. increases by a factor that depends on the geometry of the inductor E. none of the above Recall U = 1/2 LI2, so keeping L fixed and doubling I, U increases by 22 = 4

An inductor (inductance L) and a resistor (resistance R) are connected to a source of emf as shown. When switch S is closed, a current begins to flow and grows until it reaches a final value. The nal value of the current

A. is directly proportional to both R and L B. is directly proportional to R and inversely proportional to L C. is inversely proportional to R and directly proportional to L D. is inversely proportional to both R and L E. is independent of L

An inductor (inductance L) and a resistor (resistance R) are connected to a source of emf as shown. When switch S is closed, a current begins to flow and grows until it reaches a final value. The nal value of the current

A. is directly proportional to both R and L B. is directly proportional to R and inversely proportional to L C. is inversely proportional to R and directly proportional to L D. is inversely proportional to both R and L E. is independent of L

An inductor (inductance L) and a resistor (resistance R) are connected to a source of emf as shown. When switch S is closed, a current begins to flow and grows until it reaches a final value. The time required for the current to reach half of its final value

A. is directly proportional to both R and L B. is directly proportional to R and inversely proportional to L C. is inversely proportional to R and directly proportional to L D. is inversely proportional to both R and L E. is independent of L

An inductor (inductance L) and a resistor (resistance R) are connected to a source of emf as shown. When switch S is closed, a current begins to flow and grows until it reaches a final value. The time required for the current to reach half of its final value

A. is directly proportional to both R and L B. is directly proportional to R and inversely proportional to L C. is inversely proportional to R and directly proportional to L D. is inversely proportional to both R and L E. is independent of L

A. !a > !b > !c
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the time constants !a, !b, and !c of these three circuits.

B. !b > !a > !c C. !b > !c > !a D. !c > !a > !b E. !c > !b > !a

A. !a > !b > !c
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the time constants !a, !b, and !c of these three circuits.

B. !b > !a > !c C. !b > !c > !a D. !c > !a > !b E. !c > !b > !a

The switch in the gure has been open for a long time. It is closed at t = 0 s. (a) What is the current through the battery immediately after the switch is closed? (b) What is the current through the battery after the switch has bee closed for a long time? (c) What is meant by a long time in (b)?

Ans: (a) 0.50 A (b) 1.0 A (c) a time much longer than 0.5 ms

A small, circular ring of wire is inside a larger loop that is connected to a battery and a switch S. The small ring and the larger loop both lie in the same plane. When the switch S is closed,

A. a clockwise current flows in the ring, caused by self-inductance B. a counterclockwise current flows in the ring, caused by self-inductance C. a clockwise current flows in the ring, caused by mutual inductance D. a counterclockwise current flows in the ring, caused by mutual inductance

A small, circular ring of wire is inside a larger loop that is connected to a battery and a switch S. The small ring and the larger loop both lie in the same plane. When the switch S is closed,

A. a clockwise current flows in the ring, caused by self-inductance B. a counterclockwise current flows in the ring, caused by self-inductance C. a clockwise current flows in the ring, caused by mutual inductance D. a counterclockwise current flows in the ring, caused by mutual inductance

A. the current amplitude is greater in the primary than in the secondary In the transformer shown in the drawing, there are more turns in the secondary than in the primary. In this situation, B. the current amplitude is smaller in the primary than in the secondary C. the current amplitude is the same in the primary and in the secondary D. not enough information given to decide

A. the current amplitude is greater in the primary than in the secondary In the transformer shown in the drawing, there are more turns in the secondary than in the primary. In this situation, B. the current amplitude is smaller in the primary than in the secondary C. the current amplitude is the same in the primary and in the secondary D. not enough information given to decide Energy conservation gives I1V1=I2V2 and mutual induction gives V2=(N2/N1)V1 so V2 > V1 and I2 < I1.

An inductor (inductance L) and a capacitor (capacitance C) are connected as shown. If the values of both L and C are doubled, what happens to the time required for the capacitor charge to oscillate through a complete cycle?

A. it becomes 4 times longer B. is becomes twice as long C. it is unchanged D. it becomes 1/2 as long E. it becomes 1/4 as long

An inductor (inductance L) and a capacitor (capacitance C) are connected as shown. If the values of both L and C are doubled, what happens to the time required for the capacitor charge to oscillate through a complete cycle?

A. it becomes 4 times longer B. is becomes twice as long C. it is unchanged D. it becomes 1/2 as long E. it becomes 1/4 as long

Recall the angular frequency is ! = !(1/LC). The period T satisfies T = 2"!, so T = 2" !(LC). Therefore, doubling both L and C increases T by the square root of 22

electromagnetic eld
chapter 35

General Principles

General Principles

Important Concepts

The electric field in four identical capacitors is shown as a function of time. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the magnetic field strength at the outer edge of the capacitor at time T.

A. Ba = Bb > Bc = Bd B. Bd > Bc > Ba = Bb C. Ba > Bb > Bc > Bd D. Ba = Ba > Bc > Bd E. Bc > Ba > Bd > Bb

The electric field in four identical capacitors is shown as a function of time. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the magnetic field strength at the outer edge of the capacitor at time T.

A. Ba = Bb > Bc = Bd B. Bd > Bc > Ba = Bb C. Ba > Bb > Bc > Bd D. Ba = Ba > Bc > Bd E. Bc > Ba > Bd > Bb

At what rate must the potential difference increase across a 1.0 "F capacitor to create a 1.0 A displacement current in the capacitor?

Ans: 1.0 x 106 V/s