CBSE CLASS XII MATHS

Elementary Statics And Dynamics

Two mark questions with answers

Q1. To a man walking at the rate of 8 km h-1, rain appears to fall vertically downwards. find the actual direction of the rain if its actual velocity is 82 km h-1. Ans1. Let the man e moving along !" at the rate of 8 km h-1 and let the rain appear to fall along !#$. Let the rain make angle with !#. %ain is falling with a velocity of 82 kmh-1.

82 kmh-1 is the resultant of 8 kmh-1 and &%'. %esolving along !" 82.cos(2)* + , - 8cos + &%'.cos2)*o 82sin - 8 .&%' velocity rain /.r.t man0 sin - 112 - 23o. Q2. Two forces of magnitudes 24 and 24 act an a point and the angle etween them is 5*o. 6ind the magnitude and the direction of their resultant. Ans2. %esultant for the forces 7 and 8 inclined at an angle is %esultant - (22 + 22 + 2 x 2 x 2 cos5*9, - (2 + 15 + 8, - 2) 4 :f the resultant makes angle with 7 ;irection of resultant is tan - 8sin1(7 + 8cos, tan - .(2 x sin5*o,1(2 + 2 x cos 5*o,0 - <13 - tan-1(<13,. Q3. Three forces acting on a particle are in equili rium. The angle etween the first and the second is 12*o and etween the second and the third is 13*o. 6ind the ratio of the magnitudes of forces Ans3. Let the three forces acting on a particle e of magnitude 7, 8, %. =ince the forces are in equili rium. >ence, y Lami$s theorem 71sin13*o - 81sin?*o - %1sin12*o 71(112, - 811 - %1(<12, 711 - 812 - %1< 7@8@% - 1@2@<

Q4. Three forces equal to <8, 28, and 83 acting at an point are in equili rium. 6ind the angle etween the forces <8 and 28. Ans4. Let e the angle etween <q and 2q. =ince the force <8, 28 and 38 are in equili rium, therefore, the force 38 must e equal and opposite to the resultant of <8 and 28. :f e the angle etween thenA

Therefore, y applying %2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos and su stituting the values of 7, 8 and % we get (38,2 - (<8,2 + (28,2 + 2.<8.28.cos 2382 - ?82 + 1582 + 2282 cos cos - * - 12 >ence the required angle - ?*o. Q . :f the greatest possi le resultant of two forces 7 and 8 is m times the least, show that the angle etween them, when their resultant is half their sum is given y

Ans . The greatest possi le resultant of 7, 8 - 7 + 8 The least possi le resultant of 7, 8 - 7 - 8, (if 7 B 8, :t is given that 7 + 8 - m(7 - 8, /hen the angle etween the forces, is , the resultant is given y

- -(m2 + 2,12(m2 - 1, Q!. C truck is at rest on a horiDontal road and is pulled y a force of 3* Eg w.t. in a direction making an angle of 3*o with the road. what is the force tending to urge the truck forwardF Ans!. The force tending to urge the truck forward - the whole effect of 3*kg wt in the horiDontal direction - 3* cos<* o - 3* x <12 - 23<kg.wt Q". C mass of 1*kg is supported y two strings, one of which is inclined at an angle <*o and the other at an the angle 23o to the vertical. /hat is the tension of each of

these stringsF Ans". Let T and T$ e the two tensions. =ince the mass is in equili rium, the resultant of the tensions must e equal and opposite to the 1* kg w.t.

%esolve the 1*kg w.t. along the lines of action of the tension i.e., along lines making angles <*o and 23o. The components are 1* cos <*o and 1* cos 23o or 1* x <12 and 1* x 112 or 3< and 32. 4ow the tension T and the force 3< Eg w.t can produce no effect in the direction of T$ the forces along the line of action of T$ alance T$ - 32 kg wt. =imilarly, T - 3< kg wt. Q#. The resultant of two forces " and # is 6. :f the resolved part of 6 in the direction of " is # in magnitude, find the angle etween the forces. Ans#. Let e the angle etween the forces " and # represented y !C, !G and e the angle which the resultant force 6 makes with !C . 4ow, resolved part of 6 along !C - 6 cos - !H . !;1!H - !; - !C + C; - " + # cos .C; - CH cos - #cos, !C - I0 resolved part of 6 along !C - # (given, " + # cos - # " - #(1 - cos, - y.2sin2 12 sin2 12 - "12# - 2sin-1("12#, Q$. C shot is fired from the top of a cliff 2* meters high with the velocity of )* m1sec at an elevation of <*o. 6ind the horiDontal distance, from the vertical line through the gun, of the point where the shot strikes the ground. Ans$. :nitial horiDontal velocity - )* cos<*o - <3< m1sec :nitial vertical velocity - )* sin<*o - <3 m1sec. Let the shot strike the ground after time t. Taking the upward direction as positive, we have -2* - <3t - 112 x 1*t2 or t2 - )t - 8 - * or (t - 8,(t + 1, - * t-8 required distance - horiDontal velocity x t - <3< x 8 - 28*< metres. Q1%. :f T e the time of flight, % e the horiDontal range and the angle of proJection of a particle, prove that tan Ans1%. .

/e have, T -

and % -

Therefore, tan .

Q11. =how that the path of a particle moving in space with constant acceleration is a para olaF Ans11. Ccceleration is constant. - constant - a (say,. - aI + . , which is a para ola.

:ntegrating, we get

Cgain integrating, we get y -

Q12. C truck is moving along a level road at the rate of )2 km per hour. :n what direction must a ullet e shot from it with a velocity of <2* metres per secA so that its resultant motion e perpendicular to the truck. Ans12. &elocity of the truck - )2 km per hour - 2* metres per sec.

Let the ullet e shot in the direction !G making an angle with !C (direction of the motion of the truck, produced. Cs the resultant velocity of the ullet is along !# (perpendicular to !C,, its resolved part along C! must alance its velocity due to the motion of the truck. <2* cos - 2* which gives cos - 111)....... - cos-1(111),0 &elocity of the ullet along !# - <2* sin - 2*(228, - 22*2 m1s. Q13. To a man walking at the rate of < km h-1 the rain appears to fall verticallyA find the direction of the rain, given that its apparent velocity is < < km h-1. Ans13. ;raw L' - &C and '4 - &GC from the eItremity ' of L'. Then L4 represents

&G. &G - K<2 + (< <,2L - 5 km h-1

:f &C makes an angle q with the vertical, then tan - <1< < - 11< - <*o. Q14. C picture of weight 5* g is hung from a nail y a cord 1 metre long fastened to two rings <* cm apart. 6ind the tension in the cord. Ans14. Let C, G e the rings (attached to the picture, with which the ends of the cord are fastened and let the cord pass over the nail H as shown in the figure, then the tension in the two portions of the cord CH and GH are equal in magnitude say T.

Length of cord CHG is 1 m. CH - HG - 3* cm. :f 4 is the mid point of CG, then C4 - (112,.<* cm - 13 cm H4 - (3*2 - 132,cm - 3 (?1, cm Let CH4 - , then cos - 3 (?1,13* - (?1,11* =ince the three forces acting at H are in equili rium, Gy Lami$s theorem, we have T1sin( - , - 5*1sin 2 T1sin - 5*12 sin cos T - <*1cos T - (<* x 1*,1(?1, >ence the tension in the cord is <**1(?1, cm. Q1 . Two alls of equal masses are thrown upwards along the same vertical direction at an interval of two seconds with the same initial velocity of 2* m1second, then at what height will these collideF Ans1 . The alls will collide at the same height so, each one of them will have same displacement. I1 - 2*t - (112,g t2...........(1, I2 - 2*(t - 2, - (112,g(t - 2,2.... .........(2, Cs I1 - I2, 2*t - (112,g t2 - 2*(t - 2, - (112,g(t - 2,2 6rom this we get t - 3 sec Msing t - 3 in equation (1, we get I1 - 2* I 3 - (112, I 1* I 32 - 2** - 123 - )3 m

6our mark questions with answers

Q1. :f the resultant of the two forces 7 and 8 is equal to 7 + = and 8 - = acting at the same angle (= 8 - 7,. =how that the magnitude of the resultant is 7 + 8.

Ans1. =uppose the forces 7 and 8 act at an angle and let their resultant e %. Then %2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos .....(i, :t is given that % is also the resultant of the forces 7 + = and 8 - = acting at the same angle. Therefore, %2 - (7 + =,2 + (8 - =,2 + 2(7 + =,(8 - =, cos ....(ii, 6rom (i, and (ii,, we get 72 + 82 + 278 cos - (7 + =,2 + (8 - =,2 + 2(7 + =, (8 - =, cos * - 2=2 + 2=(7 - 8, + 2=(8 - 7, cos - 2=2 cos * - 2=K(= + 7 - 8, - (= + 7 - 8, cos L (= + 7 - 8, cos - (= + 7 - 8, cos - 1 .... = 8 - 7 ... (= + 7 - 8, *0 7utting cos - 1 in (i,, we o tain, %2 - 72 + 82 + 278 - (7 + 8,2 % -7+8 >ence, the magnitude of the resultant of 7 and 8 is 7 + 8. Q2. Two forces each of magnitude 7 act at a point. 6ind the angle etween tham if the magnitude of their resultant is equal to (1, 7 and (2, 712. Ans2. Let e the angle etween the two equal forces each of magnitude 7. Then, their resultant % is given y % - 27cos(12, .......(su stituting the values in % - (72 + q2 + 2pq cos, (1, :f the resultant of the equal forces is 7, then, % - 27 cos(12, 7 - 27 cos(12, .... % - 70 1 - 2 cos(12, cos(12, - 112 cos(12, - cos5*9 12 - 5*9 - 12*9 >ence, the angle etween the forces is 12*9. (2, :f the resultant of the equal forces is 712, then, % - 27 cos(12, 712 - 27 cos(12, cos(12, - 112 12 - cos-1(112, - 2cos-1(112, - cos-1K2 x (112,2 - 1L .... 2cos-1 I - cos-1(2I2 - 1,0 - cos-1(-)18, >ence, the angle etween the forces is cos-1(-)18,. Q3. /ith two forces acting at a point, the maIimum effect is o tained when their resultant is 2 4ewtons. :f they act at right angles, their resultant is < 4ewtons. 6ind the forces. Ans3. Let the two forces e of magnitudes 7 and 8 4ewtons. /e know that resultant (%, of two forces (7 and 8, is maIimum when cos is maIimum. Gut maIimum value of cos - 1, when - * then, %2 - 72 + 82 + 278.1 %2 - (7 + 8,2 %-7+8

:t is given that the maIimum effect is o tained when the resultant of 7 and 8 is 2 4ewtons. 7 + 8 - 2 ...............(1, :f the forces act at right angles, the resultant is < 4ewtons. <2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos?*9 ? - 72 + 82 ..........(2, 4ow, 7 + 8 - 2 (7 + 8,2 - 15 72 + 82 + 278 - 15 ? + 278 - 15 .........(using (2,0 278 - ) Gut (7 - 8,2 - 72 + 82 - 278 (7 + 8,2 - ? - ) - 2 7 - 8 - N2 ........(<, 6rom (1, and (<,, we o tain, 7 - (2 N 112, 4ewtons, and 8 - (2 N 112, 4ewtons. >ence, the two forces are of magnitude 2 N (112, and 2 N (112, 4ewtons. Q4. Ct what angle must forces 7 + 8 and 7 - 8 act so that their resultant is F Ans4. Let the forces of magnitudes 7 + 8 and 7 - 8 act at an angle so that their resultant is Then,
2 2

- (7 + 8,2 + (7 - 8,2 + 2 (7 + 8, (7 - 8, cos. 7 + <8 - 272 + 282 + 2(72 - 82, cos 82 - 72 - 2(72 - 82, cos -(72 - 82, - 2(72 - 82, cos cos - -(112, - 12*o.

Q . Ct what angle do forces equal to 7 + 8 and 7 - 8 act so that the resultant may e (72 + 82,F Ans . Let the two forces act at an angle then, (72 + 82, - .(7 + 8,2 + (7 - 8,2 + 2(7 + 8,(7 - 8, cos0 72 + 82 - 272 + 282 + 2(72 - 82, cos 72 + 82 - -2(72 - 82, cos

>ence, the two forces act an angle

Q!. The resultant of two forces 7 and 8 is equal to 7 in magnitude, and that of two forces 27 and 8 (acting in the same direction as efore, is also equal to 7. 6ind the magnitude of force 8. The direction of 8 makes an angle of 13*o with that of 7.

Ans!. Let the angle etween the directions of the forces 7 and 8 e . Then, 7 is the resultant of 7 and 8 acting at an angle . 72 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos * - 8(8 + 27 cos, * - 8 + 27 cos =ince 7 is also the resultant of forces 27 and 8 acting at the same angle . 72 - (27,2 + 82 + 2(27,8 cos * - <72 + 82 + 278 cos * - <72 + 82 + 278 (- 8127, .......using (i,0 * - <72 + 82 - 282 * - <72 - 82 8 - <7. 7utting 8 - <7 in (i,, we get, cos - - (<,12 - 13**. Q". :f the resultant of two forces acting on a particle lie at right angle, to one of them, and its magnitude e half the magnitude of the other, show that the ratio of the larger force to the smaller force is 2@<. Ans". Let % e the resultant of two forces 7 and 8 acting at an angle . Then, %2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos ......(i, :t is given that % - 812. Therefore, 8212 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos .........putting % - 812 in (i,0 82 - 272 + 282 + 878 cos 272 + <82 + 878 cos - * .......(ii, tan(12, - (8sin,1(7 + 8cos, 7 + 8 cos - * cos - -(718, ....(iii, 7utting cos - -718 in (i,, we get, 272 + <82 + 878 (-718, - * 272 + <82 - 872 - * <82 - 272 <8 - 27 8@7 - 2@<. Q#. The resultant of two forces acts along a line perpendicular to one force, and is in magnitude half the other. 6ind the angle etween the forces. Ans#. Let the two forces e of magnitude 7 and 8, and let e the angle etween them. Then, the angle which the resultant makes with % is given y tan - (8sin,1(7 + 8cos, :t is given that - 12 therefore, tan 12 - (8sin,1(7 + 8cos, 7 + 8cos - * 7 - - 8cos .....(i, :t is also given that the resultant of the two forces is 812. (812,2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos ....... %2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos0 8212 - 82 cos2 + 82 - 282 cos2 .using (i,0 112 - cos2 + 1 - 2 cos2 cos2 - <12

 cos - N (<12, cos - - (<12, . is o tuse0 - 13**. Q$. Two forces 7 and 8 act at such an angle that the resultant % is equal to 7. =how that if 7 is dou led, the new resultant is at right angles to the force 8. Ans$. =uppose the forces 7 and 8 act at an angle . =ince 7 is the resultant of 7 and 8. Therefore, 72 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos * - 82 + 278 cos * - 8(8 + 27 cos, 8 + 27 cos - * ......(i, :f the force 7 is dou led, suppose the new resultant makes angle with the direction of force 8. Then, tan - (27 sin,1(8 + 27 cos, tan - .....using (i,0 - 12 Thus, if 7 is dou led, the new resultant is at right angle to 8. Q1%. The resultant of two forces 7 and 8 acting at an angle is equal to (2m + 1, (72 + 82,A when they act at an angle ?** - , the resultant is (2m - 1, (72 + 82,, prove that is given that tan - (m - 1,1(m + 1, Ans1%. :f the forces 7 and 8 act at an angle , the resultant is (2m + 1, (72 + 82, (2m + 1, (72 + 82, - (72 + 82 + 278 cos, (2m + 1,2 (72 + 82, - (72 + 82, + 278 cos .(2m + 1,2 - 10 (72 + 82, - 278 cos (2m, (2m + 2, (72 + 82, - 278 cos 2m(m + 1, (72 + 82, - 78 cos .....(i, :f the forces 7 and 8 act at an angle ?** - , the resultant is (2m - 1, (72 + 82, (2m - 1, (72 + 82, - (72 + 82 + 278 cos ?** - , (2m - 1,2 (72 + 82, - (72 + 82, + 278 sin .(2m - 1,2 - 10 (72 + 82, - 278 sin (2m, (2m - 2, (72 + 82, - 278 sin 2m (m - 1, (72 + 82, - 78 sin ....(ii, ;ividing (ii, y (i,, we get 78 sin 178 cos - .2m(m - 1,(72 + 82,01.2m(m + 1,(72 + 82,0 tan - (m - 1,1(m + 1, Q11. The resultant of two forces 7 and 8 is < 8 and it makes an angle of <** with the direction of 7. =how that either 7 - 8 or 7 - 28. Ans11. Let the forces 7 and 8 e acting at an angle . =ince the resultant of 7 and 8 is (< 8,2 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos <82 - 72 + 82 + 278 cos 282 - 72 + 278 cos cos - (282 - 72,1278 ......(i, =ince the resultant makes an angle of <** with the direction of force 7. Therefore, tan<** - 8 sin1(7 + 8 cos, 11< - 8 sin1(7 + 8 cos,

< 8, therefore,

 < 8 sin - (7 + 8 cos, < 8 sin - 7 + 8.(282 - 72,12780 .....using (i,0 < 8 sin - 7 + .(282 - 72,1270 < 8 sin - (72 + 282,12 sin - (72 + 282,1278 < ......(ii, 4ow, cos2 + sin2 - 1 .(282 - 72,127802 + .(72 + 282,1278 <02 - 1 <(282 - 72,2 + (72 + 282,2 - 12 7282 1582 + 272 - 87282 - 12 7282 272 - 2*7282 + 1582 - * 72 - 37282 + 282 - * (72 - 82,(72 - 282, - * 7 - 8 or 7 - 28. Q12. The pendulum consists of a small sphere of mass $m$ suspended y an ineItensi le and massless string of length 2m. :t is made to swing in a vertical plane. :f the reaking strength of the string is (<12,mg, then what will e the maIimum angular amplitude of the displacement from the verticalF Ans12. :f the o is displaced from 2 to 1 then the tension in the string in the position of angular displacement of 1 is T - mg(< cos1 - 2cos2, (<12, mg - mg (< cos * - 2cos2, (<12, - < - 2 cos2, cos2 - (<12, =o 2 - cos-1(<12,

=iI mark questions with answers

Q1. C stone is thrown vertically upwards from an elevated point C. /hen the stone reaches a distance $h$ elow C, its velocity is dou le of what it was at height $h$ a ove C. =how that the greatest height $>$ attained y the stone a ove C is $3h1<$. Ans1.

Let initial velocity - u Therefore at point $7$, C7 - h &72 - u2 - -2gh --------(1, Ct point 8, &82 - u2 - 2 (-g,(-h, - +2gh Cs &8 - 2&p, so

2&72 - u2 - 2gh -------(2, 2.u2 - 2gh0 - u2 - 2gh 2u2 - 8gh - u2 - 2gh <u2 - 1* gh u2 - (1*1<,gh -------(<, Gut *2 - u2 - -2g> ------(2, 2g> - (1*1<,gh > - (31<,h Q2. C particle is proJected so as to pass through two points whose horiDontal distances from the point of proJection are 12m and 22m and which are at vertical heights of 2m and 3m a ove the horiDontal plane through the point of proJection. 6ind the velocity and the direction of proJection. (g - 1** m1s, Ans2. Let the particle e proJected from point ! with velocity u at an angle with the horiDontal !I. Hhose another aIis !y perpendicular to !I at !. Let the particle pass through 7 O 8 then according to the given condition, these two points have coordinates as (12, 2, and (22, 3, respectively. 4ow using the equation of proJectile.

y - I tan - (112, g1(u2cos2, I2. 6or point 7 (12, 2, we have 2 - 12 tan - (g x 122,1(2u2cos2, 18g1u2cos2 - <tan - 1 ..............(i, 6or point 8 (22, 3,, we have 3 - 22tan - (g x 222,1(2u2cos2, 288g1u2cos2 - 22tan - 3 ..............(ii, ;ividing (i, y (ii, 181288 - (<tan - 1,1(22tan - 3, 1115 - (<tan - 1,1(22tan - 3, 22tan - 3 - 28tan - 15 22tan - 11 tan - 11122 - tan-1(11122, .................(iii, hence, the direction of proJection is tan-1 11122 cos - 11(1 + tan2, - 11.1 + (11122,20 - 221(3)5 + 121, - 2215?) hence, from equation (i, velocity of proJectile is given y u2 - 18g1.cos2(<tan - 1,0 u - 11cos .18g1(<tan - 1,0 u - (1122,15?) x .(18 x 1*,1K< x (11122, - 1L0 - .(5?) x 18 x 1* x 8,1(< x 22 x 22,0 - (<28315, m1s. Q3. :f at any instant the velocity of a particle e u and its direction of motion makes an angle to the horiDontal. Then show that it will e moving right angle to this direction after u1g cosec.

Ans3. Let the particle e proJected from C and let it returns to the ground aG. Let 7 e the position of the particle at some instant moving with velocity u at angle with the horiDontal. Let after time t. The particles reaches 8 where its velocity is v O makes an angle (?*P - , to the horiDontal component of velocity constant throughout the motion.

>oriDontal component of velocity of 7 - horiDontal component of velocity at ucos - vcos (?*P - , ucos - vsin ....................(i, Clso, for vertical of velocity, using equation v - u - gt, for upward motion initial velocity is usin and final velocity eing - vcos. -vcos - usin - gt gt - usin + vcos .................(ii, 7utting the value of v from (i, in (ii, gt - usin + ucos1sin x cos gt - u (sin2 + cos2,1sin - u1sin gt - u cosec t - u1g cosec >ence, the particle will e at right angle to the previous direction after time u1g cosec. Q4. :f v1 O v2 e the velocities at the ends of a focal chord of a proJectile path O u e the velocity at the verteI of the path. Then show that 11v12 + 11v22 - 11u2. Ans4.

Let in figure 78 e the given focal chord of the para olic traJectory followed y a particle proJected from !. /e know that the tangents drawn at the end points of a focal chord intersect at right angles. ... :f v1 is the velocity of the particle at 7 making an angle with the horiDontal 7I$. Then velocity v2 of the particle at will make an angle (?*P - , to the horiDontal. Let C e the verteI of the para ola where velocity of the particle is u, directed horiDontally. ... >oriDontal component of velocity remains constant throughout the motion. ... >oriDontal component of velocity at 7 - velocity at C - horiDontal component of velocity at v1cos - u - v2cos(?*P - , v1cos - u - v2sin taking first two terms, we get cos - u1v1 taking second two terms, we get

sin - u1v2 =quaring and adding (i, O (ii, cos2 + sin2 - u21v12 + u21v22 11u2 - 11v12 + 11v22. Q . C particle is proJected from a point at an angle and after time t is o served to have an elevation as seen from the point of proJection prove that the initial velocity was (gt cos,1(2sin( - ,,. Ans . Let the particle e proJected from point ! with velocity u at an angle with the horiDon !I. Let the particle e at 7 after time t. =uch that !7 - E O I!7 - .

;raw perpendicular 7C on !I from 7, then in !C7, 7C - E sin O !C - Ecos :n time t, horiDontal O vertical distances transverse y the particle are !C O 7C. 4ow the horiDontal O vertical components of the initial velocity are ucos O usin. The horiDontal distance covered y the particle in time t is !C !C - (ucos,t Ecos - ucos.t .....................(i, The vertical distance coverd y the particle in time t is 7C h - ut - (112, gt2 7C - (usin,t - gt2 Esin - usin.t - (112,gt2 ....................(ii, ;ividing (i, y (ii,, we get (Ecos,1(Esin, - (ucos.t,1.usin.t - (112,get20 cos.2usin - gt0 - 2ucos sin 2u.sin cos - cos sin0 - gt cos u - (gtcos,1.2sin( - , >ence the initial velocity - (gtcos,1.2sin( - ,0. Q!. C particle is proJected with a velocity 2ag. =o that it Just clears two walls of equal heights a which are at a distance 2a from each other. =how that the latus rectum of the traJectory is equal to 2a and the time of passing etween the walls is a 2a1g Ans!. Let C' and G4 e two walls of equal heights a at a distance 2a. CG - '4 - 2a

4ow, we know that the velocity of a proJectile at any point in its path is equal to the velocity of free fall from the directriI to that point. >ight of the ditrectriI a ove the point of proJection - u212g . u - 2gh h - u212g0

- (2 ag,212g - 2a >ence, height of the directriI a ove CG - >eight a ove !" - height of C' - 2a - a - a Clso, we known that a point on a para ola is at equal distances from the directirI and the focus of the para ola. Cgain, if H e the verteI, then HL is the aIis of para ola and C= - =G - CG12 C= - 2a12 - a - >eight of the directriI a ove C = is the focus of the para ola and CG is the latus rectum. Latus rectum - CG - 2a 4ow, latus rectum of a traJectory of proJectile. 2a - (2u2 cos2 ,1g 2a - (2(2ag,2 cos2 ,1g cos2 - 112 cos - 112 :f t e the time taken y proJectile in passing through from C to G, we have CG - (u cos ,t t - CG1u cos - 2a12ag x 112 - 2a1g. Q". C particle is proJected from a point ! at an elevation and after time t, its velocity at 7, is inclined at an angle with the horiDontal. 7rove that tan - 112 (tan + tan , Ans". Let the particle e proJected from ! with velocity u at an angle . Cfter time t, it reaches 7 where its velocity ecomes & and is inclined to the horiDontal at an angle . ;raw perpendicular 74 from 7 to !C.

Then 74 and !4 are the vertical and horiDontal distances transversed y the particle in time t. >oriDontal component of velocity remains constant through out the motion. >oriDontal component of velocity at ! - >oriDontal component of velocity at 7 M cos - & cos ....... (i, The horiDontal component of velocity helps particle to transverse a horiDontal distance !4 in time t. !4 - (& cos , t .......(ii, Clso vertical distance transversed y the particle is 74, Msing h - Mt - 112 gt2, for vertical motion. 74 - u sin . t - 112 gt2 ....... (iii, Cnd, y using equation & - u - gt. & sin - u sin - gt ...... (iv, 4ow if e the angle that !7 makes with the horiDontal !C, then tan - 741!4

- .(u sin ,t - (112,gt21u0 cos . t ....... KMsing (ii, and (iii,L - (2usin - gt,12ucos - .2usin - (u sin - v sin ,012u cos ....... KMsing (iv,L - u sin + v sin 12u cos - .u sin + (u cos 1cos , . sin 012u cos ...... KMsing (i,L - 112 .tan + tan 0 >ence, 7roved