CORROSION-RESISTANT ALLOYS

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

A nickel-molybdenum alloy with outstanding resistance to hydrochloric and sulfuric acids in the as-welded condition and excellent thermal stability. Contents
Principal Features 3 Aqueous Corrosion Resistance 4 Isocorrosion Diagrams Field Test Comparison, Sulfuric Acid Thermal Stability Typical Tensile Properties Modulus of Elasticity Physical Properties Health and Safety Sales Office Addresses 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12

H-2104A

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

1995, Haynes International, Inc.

PRINCIPAL FEATURES
Outstanding Corrosion Resistance In The AsWelded Condition
HASTELLOY B-3 alloy is an additional member of the nickel-molybdenum family of alloys with excellent resistance to hydrochloric acid at all concentrations and temperatures. It also withstands sulfuric, acetic, formic and phosphoric acids, and other nonoxidizing media. B-3 alloy has a special chemistry designed to achieve a level of thermal stability greatly superior to that of its predecessors, e.g. HASTELLOY B-2 alloy. B-3 alloy has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, to stress-corrosion cracking and to knife-line and heat-affected zone attack. held at 2250F (1230C) for a time sufficient to bring the entire piece to temperature. Since it is a low carbon alloy, the use of lower hot finishing temperatures may be necessary to achieve grain size control. B-3 alloy may also be formed by cold working. Although it does work-harden somewhat rapidly, B-3 alloy components can be made using all common cold forming techniques. Limited tests in boiling 20 percent hydrochloric acid indicate that the uniform corrosion resistance of B-3 alloy is not affected by cold reductions up to 50 percent as compared to that of the alloy in the solution heat-treated condition. B-3 alloy can be welded by all common welding techniques, although oxyacetylene and submerged arc welding processes are not recommended when the fabricated item is to be used in corrosive service. Special precautions should be taken to avoid excessive heat input. 1950F (1065C) and rapid quenched, except for bright annealed sheet or coil products which are heat-treated at 2100F (1150C) and cooled in hydrogen.

Available in Wrought Form

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy is available in the form of plate, sheet, strip, billet, bar, wire, pipe and tubing.

Applications
HASTELLOY B-3 alloy is suitable for use in all applications previously requiring the use of HASTELLOY B-2 alloy. Like B-2 alloy, B-3 is not recommended for use in the presence of ferric or cupric salts as these salts may cause rapid corrosion failure. Ferric or cupric salts may develop when hydrochloric acid comes in contact with iron or copper.

Fabrication
The improved thermal stability of HASTELLOY B-3 alloy minimizes the problems associated with fabrication of B-2 alloy components. This is due to the reduced tendency to precipitate deleterious intermetallic phases in B-3 alloy, thereby, affording it greater ductility than B-2 alloy during and following various thermal cycling conditions. HASTELLOY B-3 alloy has good overall forming and welding characteristics. It may be forged or otherwise hotworked, providing that it is

ASME Boiler And Pressure Vessel Code

ASME has published Code Case 2140 for solution annealed HASTELLOY B-3 alloy (UNS N10675). The alloy is also covered by ASTM specifications B333 (plate, sheet and strip), B335 (bar), B366 (welded fittings), B564 (forgings), B619 (welded pipe), B622 (seamless pipe and tube) and B626 (welded tube).

Heat Treatment
All wrought forms of HASTELLOY B-3 alloy are furnished in the solution heattreated condition unless otherwise specified. B-3 alloy is solution heat-treated at

Nominal Chemical Composition, Weight Percent

Ni 65b
b

Mo 28.5
Minimum

Cr 1.5

Fe 1.5

Co 3*

W 3*

Mn 3*

Al 0.5*

Ti 0.2*

Si 0.1*

C 0.01*

* Maximum

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

AQUEOUS CORROSION RESISTANCE

Average Uniform Corrosion Resistance in Boiling Acids*
Concentration Weight Percent 10 30 50 70 99 (Glacial) 10 20 30 40 60 89 1 2 5 10 15 20 20 20 10 30 50 85 2 5 10 20 30 30 40 50 50 50 60 70 Average Corrosion Rate Per Year Mils mm 0.2 0.005 0.2 0.005 0.2 0.005 0.2 0.005 0.7 0.017 0.4 0.010 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 1.2 3.8 5.5 8.6 12.1 13.6 80.0 2.4 2.0 3.0 2.9 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.2 18.8 1.2 1.7 2.4 2.0 2.3 6.6 0.015 0.015 0.013 0.008 0.005 0.005 0.03 0.10 0.14 0.22 0.31 0.35 2.0 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.07 0.010 0.018 0.020 0.03 0.03 0.48 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.17

Acid Medium Acetic Acid

Formic Acid

Hydrochloric Acid

(As-welded) (50 ppm Fe+3) Phosphoric Acid (Chemically Pure)

Sulfuric Acid

(50 ppm Fe+3)

(As-welded) (Aged 48 Hrs @ 1000F (540C))

* Data from three production heats, for material in the solution heat-treated condition, unless noted. Test values were determined from an average of four 24 hour exposures.

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

Comparative Uniform Corrosion Resistance in Boiling Acids

Average Corrosion Rates Per Year, Mils (mm) B-3 Acid Medium alloy 50% Acetic Acid 0.2 (0.005) 40% Formic Acid 0.5 (0.013) 50-55% Phosphoric Acid 3.0 (0.076) 50% Sulfuric Acid 1.7 (0.043) 20% Hydrochloric Acid 12 (0.305) B-2 alloy 0.4 (0.010) 0.7 (0.018) 6 (0.152) 1.2 (0.030) 15 (0.381) Type 316L 0.2 (0.005) 41 (1.041) 18 (0.457) >20,000 (>500) >20,000 (>500) MONEL400 alloy 2.1 (0.053) 4.5 (0.114) 185 (4.699) 1587 (40.310)

Average Uniform Corrosion Resistance in HF Solutions*

Average Corrosion Rates Per Year For Indicated Temperatures % HF 1 3 5 10 20 48 70 125F (52C) Mils mm 8.6 0.22 8.7 0.22 9.0 0.23 10.0 0.25 11.8 0.30 13.4 0.34 31.6 0.80 175F (79C) Mils mm 11.1 0.28 12.7 0.32 13.7 0.35 15.9 0.41 22.8 0.58 35.0 0.89 -

* Data from three production heats, for material in the solution heat-treated condition.

Comparative Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance

U-B end Specimens (ASTM G-30 Stress Method) B o i l i n g 6 0 % H 2S O 4 Flat, Sheet Specimens Mill Annealed and Aged 1 Hour at 1290F (700C) Boiling B-2 B-3 Solution alloy alloy 5 % H 2S O 4 0 . 5 % H 2S O 4 20%HCl IG-SCC IG-SCC IG-SCC* NC** NC NC

66486

66485

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy Annealed + 1 hr at 1290F (700C) (No cracking, 24 hours)

HASTELLOY B-2 alloy Annealed + 1 hr at 1290F (700C) (Intergranular cracking, 3 hours)

* Intergranular stress-corrosion cracking at stamped identification sites. ** No Cracking

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

AQUEOUS CORROSION RESISTANCE (continued)

Effect of Cold Work Upon Corrosion Resistance in Boiling 20% HCl*
Ultimate Tensile Strength Ksi MPa 125 860 140 965 159 1095 180 202 221 1240 1395 1525 Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset Ksi MPa 62 425 100 690 130 895 154 172 183 1060 1185 1260 Elongation in 2" (51mm) % EL 57 40 25 13 9 8 Corrosion Rate PerYear Mils (mm) 13 (0.33) 13 (0.33) 13 (0.33) 13 13 13 (0.33) (0.33) (0.33)

% Coldwork 0 10 20 30 40 50

Hardness Rc 18 30 37 41 44 46

* Exposure for four 24 hour periods

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy ISOCORROSION DIAGRAMS

Hydrochloric Acid
250
Boiling Point Curve >5 mpy (>0.13 mmpy)

Sulfuric Acid
125
400 350
>5 mpy (>0.13 mmpy)

200

100

200

300
Boiling Point Curve

150

250
5 to 20 mpy (0.13 to 0.51 mmpy)

75

200 150
>5 mpy (>0.13 mmpy) 0 to 5 mpy (0 to 0.13 mmpy)

100

150 50 100 0
0 to 5 mpy (0.13 mmpy)

50

100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Concentration, wt.% 80 90 100

10 20 30 Concentration, wt.%

40

Phosphoric Acid
350 150 125
Boiling Point Curve >5 mpy (>0.13 mmpy)

300

250

200

100 75

150
0 to 5 mpy (0 to 0.13 mmpy)

50

100 50 30 40 Concentration, wt.% 60 70 80

10

20

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

FIELD TEST COMPARISON, SULFURIC ACID

2 0 - 3 0% H 2 S O 4 + F e r r o u s S u l f a t e - 2 3 0 F ( 1 1 0 C ) - 9 6 D a y s - p H < 1

66337 66336 66338 66339

65994 65993

Alloy B-2 3.1 mpy (0.08 mm/y)

B-3 Alloy 2.4 mpy (0.06 mm/y)

THERMAL STABILITY
The single greatest advantage for B-3 alloy over B-2 alloy accrues from its ability to maintain excellent ductility during transient exposures to intermediate temperatures. Such exposures are routinely experienced during heat treatments associated with fabrication. While very short exposures at temperatures such as 1290F (700C) can severely embrittle B-2 alloy at temperature, B-3 alloy exhibits a marked resistance to such embrittlement for up to several hours. This provides far greater facility for the alloy to be fabricated into complex components such as formed heads.

COMPARISON OF T-T-T CHARACTERISTICS

950 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1700 900 850 800 750 700 650 600

1290F (700C) TENSILE ELONGATION

60 50

B-3 alloy

1600

B-3 alloy

B-3 alloy

1500

B-2 alloy Ni4Mo + Ni3Mo DO22 + Ni2Mo + Ni4Mo Annealed 30% Coldwork Ni3Mo
1400

% Elongation

40 30 20 10 0

1300

1200

1100

B-2 alloy

B-2 alloy

550 0.01 0.1 1 10 100

Time, Hours

0.5 Hr 1.0 Hr Hold Time at Temperature

Average Thermal Stability Data - Room Temperature

Exposure Temperature F C None 800 425 Exposure Time, Hrs. None 1000 4000 8000 12,000 16,000 Ultimate Tensile Strength Ksi MPa 129.1 890 130.5 900 131.0 905 126.3 870 127.3 880 132.6 915 0.2% Offset Yield Strength Ksi MPa 55.8 385 58.8 405 59.5 410 57.1 395 58.9 405 59.6 410 Elongation % 60.4 57.2 56.8 57.4 57.5 57.6 R of A % 73.0 71.7 71.6 70.5 70.4 71.4 Charpy V-Notch Impact Ft.-lbs. J 264 358 264 358 264 358 264 358 264 358 264 358

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

Average Thermal Stability Data (continued)

Exposure Temperature F C 900 480 Exposure Time, Hrs. 1000 4000 8000 12,000 16,000 1000 4000 8000 12,000 16,000 1000 4000 8000 12,000 16,000 Ultimate Tensile 0.2% Offset Yield Strength Strength Ksi MPa Ksi MPa 140.8 470 77.5 535 144.6 995 84.0 580 139.2 960 80.5 555 141.1 975 81.7 565 147.7 1020 85.5 590 145.8 1005 82.9 570 152.9 1055 89.1 615 152.0 1050 90.7 625 153.6 1060 92.4 635 162.7 169.2 178.5 175.3 178.1 186.0 1120 1165 1230 1210 1230 1280 96.0 104.1 117.8 118.5 120.4 126.1 660 720 810 815 830 870 Elongation % 50.0 48.3 48.9 49.9 48.8 48.4 45.6 47.1 44.2 43.7 38.8 31.5 28.7 26.4 25.3 R of A % 67.1 65.5 64.4 65.2 64.6 64.7 61.4 59.5 59.2 57.5 54.9 37.2 35.7 31.7 29.6 Charpy V-Notch Impact Ft.-lbs. J 262 355 264 358 210 285 231 313 175 237 236 320 107 145 58 79 82 111 58 25 15 13 13 8 79 34 20 18 18 11

1000

540

1100

595

TYPICAL TENSILE PROPERTIES

Tensile Properties, Sheet*
Test Temperature F C Room Room 200 95 400 600 800 1000 1200 205 315 425 540 650 Ultimate Tensile Strength Ksi MPa 125.0 860 120.7 830 110.0 104.4 102.0 97.8 103.5 760 720 705 675 715 Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset Ksi MPa 60.6 420 55.3 380 47.0 43.5 42.4 39.0 45.8 325 300 290 270 315 Elongation in 2 in (51mm) % 53.4 56.9 59.7 63.4 62.0 59.0 55.8

* Limited data for 0.125" (3.2mm) bright annealed sheet

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

Tensile Properties, Plate*

Test Temperature F C Room Room 200 95 400 205 600 315 800 425 1000 540 1200 650 Ultimate Tensile Strength Ksi MPa 128.3 885 122.4 845 115.1 795 111.2 765 108.2 745 105.6 730 106.9 735 Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset Ksi MPa 58.2 400 54.1 375 47.6 330 44.4 305 41.3 285 39.6 275 42.0 290 Elongation in 2 in (51mm) or in 5D* % 57.8 58.2 60.9 61.6 61.7 61.7 64.6 Reduction of Area* % 67.5 67.3 68.1 65.5 64.9 61.5 54.9

* Average results for six lots of plate from three heats. Half of the test data are for 1/4-inch (6.3mm) plate, requiring flat test specimens. Rest of samples were round geometry for heavier plate. Thus, reduction of areas reported are for these tests only.

DYNAMIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY

Temperature F Room 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity, 106 psi 31.4 30.9 30.1 29.3 28.3 27.2 26.5 24.9 23.3 21.6 Temperature C Room 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity, GPa 216 213 208 202 197 190 185 178 168 157 147

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Physical Property Density Melting Temperature Electrical Resistivity Temp., F Room 2500-2585 Room 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 78-200 78-400 78-600 78-800 78-1000 78-1200 78-1400 78-1600 78-1800 Thermal Diffusivity Room 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 British Units 0.333 lb/in.3 53.8 microhm-in. 53.9 microhm-in. 54.1 microhm-in. 54.3 microhm-in. 54.4 microhm-in. 55.4 microhm-in. 57.5 microhm-in. 54.7 microhm-in. 52.6 microhm-in. 51.2 microhm-in. 5.7 microinches/in.-F 6.1 microinches/in.-F 6.3 microinches/in.-F 6.5 microinches/in.-F 6.6 microinches/in.-F 6.5 microinches/in.-F 7.1 microinches/in.-F 7.6 microinches/in.-F 8.0 microinches/in.-F 4.6 x 4.9 x 5.4 x 5.8 x 6.3 x 6.8 x 7.3 x 7.5 x 7.0 x 7.4 x 10 -3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. 10-3 in.2/sec. Temp., C Room 1370-1418 Room 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 25-100 25-200 25-300 25-400 25-500 25-600 25-700 25-800 25-900 25-1000 Room 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Metric Units 9.22 g/cm.3 137 microhm-cm 137 microhm-cm 137 microhm-cm 138 microhm-cm 138 microhm-cm 140 microhm-cm 143 microhm-cm 142 microhm-cm 137 microhm-cm 132 microhm-cm 130 microhm-cm 10.6 x 10 -6 m/m-C 11.1 x 10 -6 m/m-C 11.4 x 10 -6 m/m-C 11.6 x 10 -6 m/m-C 11.8 x 10 -6 m/m-C 11.8 x 10 -6 m/m-C 12.2 x 10 -6 m/m-C 13.1 x 10 -6 m/m-C 13.9 x 10 -6 m/m-C 14.4 x 10 -6 m/m-C 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.9 x x x x x x x x x x x 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec. 10-3 cm2/sec.

Acknowledgements: MONEL is a registered trademark of the Inco Family of Companies.

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

10

Typical Physical Properties (continued)

Physical Property Thermal Conductivity Temp., F Room 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Specific Heat Room 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 British Units 78 Btu-in./ft. hr.-F 83 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 93 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 104 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 116 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 129 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 142 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 156 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 172 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 188 Btu-in./ft.2 hr.-F 0.089 Btu/lb.-F 0.092 Btu/lb.-F 0.098 Btu/lb.-F 0.102 Btu/lb.-F 0.104 Btu/lb.-F 0.104 Btu/lb.-F 0.112 Btu/lb.-F 0.143 Btu/lb.-F 0.138 Btu/lb.-F 0.137 Btu/lb.-F
2

Temp., C Room 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Room 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Metric Units 11.2 12.1 13.4 14.8 16.3 17.9 19.6 21.4 W/m-K W/m-K W/m-K W/m-K W/m-K W/m-K W/m-K W/m-K

23.3 W/m-K 25.4 W/m-K 27.5 W/m-K 373 J/kg-K 382 J/kg-K 409 J/kg-K 421 J/kg-K 431 J/kg-K 436 J/kg-K 434 J/kg-K 595 J/kg-K 589 J/kg-K 577 J/kg-K 575 J/kg-K

HEALTH AND SAFETY

Welding can be a safe occupation. Those in the welding industry, however, should be aware of the potential hazards associated with welding fumes, gases, radiation, electric shock, heat, eye injuries, burns, etc. Also, local, municipal, state, and federal regulations (such as those issued by OSHA) relative to welding and cutting processes should be considered. Nickel-, cobalt-, and iron-base alloy products may contain, in varying concentration, the following elemental constituents: aluminum, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel and tungsten. For specific concentrations of these and other elements present, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) available from Haynes International, Inc. Inhalation of metal dust or fumes generated from welding, cutting, grinding, melting, or dross handling of these alloys may cause adverse health effects such as reduced lung function, nasal and mucous membrane irritation. Exposure to dust or fumes which may be generated in working with these alloys may also cause eye irritation, skin rash and effects on other organ systems. The operation and maintenance of welding and cutting equipment should conform to the provision of American National Standard ANSI/AWS Z49.1, "Safety in Welding and Cutting". Attention is especially called to Section 4 (Protection of Personnel) and 5 (Health Protection and Ventilation) of ANSI/AWS Z49.1. Mechanical ventilation is advisable and, under certain conditions such as a very confined space, is necessary during welding or cutting operations, or both, to prevent possible exposure to hazardous fumes, gases, or dust that may occur.

11

HASTELLOY B-3 alloy

STANDARD PRODUCTS
By Brand or Alloy Designation: HASTELLOY Family of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys

HAYNES International

B-3, C-4, C-22, C-276, C-2000 , C-22HS, G-30, G-35, G-50, HYBRID-BC1, and N

HASTELLOY Family of Heat-Resistant Alloys

S, W, and X

HAYNES Family of Heat-Resistant Alloys

25, R-41, 75, HR-120, HR-160, 188, 214, 230, 230-W, 242, 263, 282, 556, 617, 625, 65SQ, 718, X-750, MULTIMET, NS-163, and Waspaloy

Corrosion-Wear Resistant Alloy

ULTIMET

Wear-Resistant Alloy
6B

HAYNES Titanium Alloy Tubular

Ti-3Al-2.5V

Standard Forms: Bar, Billet, Plate, Sheet, Strip, Coils, Seamless or Welded Pipe & Tubing,
Pipe Fittings, Flanges, Fittings, Welding Wire, and Coated Electrodes

Properties Data: The data and information in this publication are based on work conducted principally by Haynes International, Inc. and occasionally supplemented by information from the open literature, and are believed to be reliable. However, Haynes does not make any warranty or assume any legal liability or responsibility for its accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, nor does Haynes represent that its use would not infringe upon private rights.

Any suggestions as to uses and applications for specific alloys are opinions only and Haynes International, Inc. makes no warranty of results to be obtained in any particular situation. For specific concentrations of elements present in a particular product and a discussion of the potential health affects thereof, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet supplied by Haynes International, Inc. All trademarks are owned by Haynes International, Inc.

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