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What is counseling?

Counseling is the means by which one person helps another through purposeful conversation Counseling is a method of identifying practical solution to an identified problem

Common Problems
Personality problems Family conflicts, Personal problems (Difficulty to adjust with others) etc. Educational problems Lack of motivation, Reading difficulties, etc. Vocational problems Difference between interests & aptitude Financial problems Need for self- support at school or college Health problems Psycho- somatic disorders (Insomania)

Common factors for counseling


Two persons are present during counseling The process leads to action on the part of the client The counselor is a person who listens The client can be trusted to find their own solutions Personal growth of the client usually occurs

Counseling is not usually concerned with


Advice-giving Psychotherapy Treatment of severe mental illness Solving clients lifes problems Not a remedy for all problems at a single instance

Elements of counseling
An empathetic relationship The counselor and client relates well The counselor sticks closely to the clients problems The client feels free to say what they like An atmosphere of mutual trust and confidence exists Rapport is essential

Personal qualities of a Counselor


Empathy Ability to stand empathetically with clients See the world as they see it Warmth Delicate one Genuineness Professional manner But friendly manner

Positive regard
Disposition towards others is positive

Concreteness

Get to listen
Listens empathetically Clarifies your thoughts Leads you to logical conclusion

Counseling process
Getting started Introductory talk Identifying the issues Coping with feelings Identifying possible solutions Agreeing a plan Implementing the plan Review

Counseling skills
Listening It is the process of hearing the other person. Linguistic aspects Actual words using by the client Ex: Expanding a business may turn to developing a business

Paralinguistic aspects Apart from speech, the timing, volume, pitch, accent of the individual Ex: Variation in volume (speech) in certain times Non-verbal aspects refer to body language expression through the use of the body. ( facial expression,use of gestures, body position and movement)

Giving information
How much information is given during a counseling session will depend on the nature of the counseling relationship Concrete issues Expanding a business Developing a career Completing a college course Buying a house The expert counselor will access the particular and accurate information of the individual.

Personal issues

- Continuing a relationship
- Coping with the death of a relative - Developing self awareness - Working through depression Client is the expert

Making suggestions
Concrete domain Ex: Due to parents(option) force a student may be forced to choose a subject

Drawing out
Open questions: Do not have one correct answer Have one word answer Ex: How did you feel when that happened? Closed questions: Yes or no answer only. Ex: Have you discussed with your parents?

Reflection
Back of the few words client has spoken To clarify his thoughts and feelings

Ex: I found it is difficult to get a job

Challenging
v Challenge to client saying v Counselor role is a supportive v Counselor is in plain speaking Ex: There is no one in my organization that I can talk to at all

Supporting Clients advocate - Counselor Problems the client identified Counselor follow traveler Ex: I have some difficulties to study at my home

Review
Evaluation carried out

Ex: Positive and negative feedback about the counseling

Stages in Career Guidance


Reviewing Individual needs in relation to work and available options. (Occupational information) Goal setting Clarify and set achievable goals (Self Assessment) Action planning Agreed, undertaken and evaluated (Training)

Difference between Counseling & Guidance


Counseling Helps to analyse the problem Professional manner Rapport is essential left to the individual Guidance Giving assistance In Friendly concern To develop a positive outlook Expects to advice

Requirements to establish a career counseling center


Physical setting Privacy Rapport Test material should be available Maintain confidentiality Communication Attentiveness

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