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Counseling is the means by which one person helps another through purposeful conversation Counseling is a method of identifying practical solution to an identified problem
Common Problems
Personality problems Family conflicts, Personal problems (Difficulty to adjust with others) etc. Educational problems Lack of motivation, Reading difficulties, etc. Vocational problems Difference between interests & aptitude Financial problems Need for self- support at school or college Health problems Psycho- somatic disorders (Insomania)
Elements of counseling
An empathetic relationship The counselor and client relates well The counselor sticks closely to the clients problems The client feels free to say what they like An atmosphere of mutual trust and confidence exists Rapport is essential
Positive regard
Disposition towards others is positive
Concreteness
Get to listen
Listens empathetically Clarifies your thoughts Leads you to logical conclusion
Counseling process
Getting started Introductory talk Identifying the issues Coping with feelings Identifying possible solutions Agreeing a plan Implementing the plan Review
Counseling skills
Listening It is the process of hearing the other person. Linguistic aspects Actual words using by the client Ex: Expanding a business may turn to developing a business
Paralinguistic aspects Apart from speech, the timing, volume, pitch, accent of the individual Ex: Variation in volume (speech) in certain times Non-verbal aspects refer to body language expression through the use of the body. ( facial expression,use of gestures, body position and movement)
Giving information
How much information is given during a counseling session will depend on the nature of the counseling relationship Concrete issues Expanding a business Developing a career Completing a college course Buying a house The expert counselor will access the particular and accurate information of the individual.
Personal issues
- Continuing a relationship
- Coping with the death of a relative - Developing self awareness - Working through depression Client is the expert
Making suggestions
Concrete domain Ex: Due to parents(option) force a student may be forced to choose a subject
Drawing out
Open questions: Do not have one correct answer Have one word answer Ex: How did you feel when that happened? Closed questions: Yes or no answer only. Ex: Have you discussed with your parents?
Reflection
Back of the few words client has spoken To clarify his thoughts and feelings
Challenging
v Challenge to client saying v Counselor role is a supportive v Counselor is in plain speaking Ex: There is no one in my organization that I can talk to at all
Supporting Clients advocate - Counselor Problems the client identified Counselor follow traveler Ex: I have some difficulties to study at my home
Review
Evaluation carried out