CHAPTER 14

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0MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
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An !vi us an$ imp rtant $i""erence !et#een a presi$ent an$ a prime minister is that the latter al#ays has a0. interest gr up supp rt. !0. supp rt in the ca!inet. c0. supp rt in the military. $0. ma' rity supp rt in parliament. e0. e(ecutive p #ers. I" y u are an am!iti us mem!er " the British Parliament, pru$ence #ill $ictate that y u a0. vig r usly attac* the p licies " the ther party. !0. remain in$epen$ent an$ !'ective in y ur v ting $ecisi ns. c0. av i$ $ispleasing the lea$er " y ur party. $0. campaign actively " r the prime minister+s $irect reelecti n. e0. !ec me a relentless critic " parliamentary pr ce$ure. .ith su!stantial %em cratic ma' rities in ! th h uses " ) ngress, Presi$ent /enne$y, $uring the last year " his presi$ency, #as a!le t secure passage " 00000000 " his pr p sals. a0. nly ne1" urth !0. appr (imately ne1hal" c0. appr (imately three1" urths $0. alm st all e0. all 3" the t#enty1" ur c ngressi nal r presi$ential electi ns !et#een 192& an$ 1996, 00000000 pr $uce$ a $ivi$e$ g vernment. a0. " ur !0. seven c0. "i"teen $0. nineteen e0. n ne The te(t cites the 19-6 5arshall Plan an$ the Ta( 6e" rm Act "

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1976 t illustrate that a0. uni"ie$ g vernments rarely acc mplish anything " n te. !0. a $ivi$e$ g vernment never c ul$ have pr $uce$ them. c0. ! th #ere pr $uce$ !y a uni"ie$ g vernment. $0. ne #as pr $uce$ !y a uni"ie$ g vernment an$ ne #as pr $uce$ !y a $ivi$e$ g vernment. e0. ! th #ere pr $uce$ !y $ivi$e$ g vernments. ,0. The te(ts suggests 8uni"ie$ g vernment9 might !e a0. s mething " a myth. !0. imp ssi!le in the American system " g vernment. c0. p ssi!le nly in a multi1party system. $0. the nly #ay t implement signi"icant legislati n. e0. ne #ay t ensure intelligent p licy ma*ing. .hich " the " ll #ing statements is incorrect: a0. ;yn$ n < hns n c ul$ n t get many %em crats t supp rt his #ar p licy. !0. <immy )arter ha$ a har$ time getting %em crats t rati"y his strategic arms limitati n treaty. c0. Bill )lint n ha$ $i""iculty getting %em crats t supp rt his p licy n gays in the military. $0. Bill )lint n ha$ $i""iculty getting %em crats t supp rt his health pr p sals. e0. = ne " the a! ve. 8>ni"ie$ g vernment9 may have !een present #hen a0. 6 sevelt #as presi$ent, in 1933. !0. < hns n #as presi$ent, in 1962. c0. 6eagan #as presi$ent, in 1970. $0. 6eagan #as presi$ent, in 197-. e0. a an$ !.

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100. The te(t !serves that the $elegates t the ) nstituti nal ) nventi n "eare$ a0. m narchy m re than anarchy. !0. anarchy m re than m narchy. c0. neither m narchy n r anarchy. $0. m narchy an$ anarchy a! ut e?ually. e0. m narchy an$ anarchy #ere actually n $i""erent. 110. An aspect " @e rge .ashingt n+s pers nality that enc urage$ the $elegates t the ) nstituti nal ) nventi n t appr ve an electe$ presi$ency #as his a0. !ravery in !attle. !0. clairv yance. c0. l yalty t his su! r$inates. $0. *een #it. e0. sel"1restraint.

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

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1&0. I" the Framers ha$ $eci$e$ t have the presi$ent ch sen !y the ) ngress, #e c ul$ reas na!ly e(pect ) ngress t $ minate the presi$ent a0. an$ t c ntr l the military. !0. an$ t pic* the ca!inet. c0. r the presi$ent t ign re ) ngress. $0. r the presi$ent t c rrupt the legislature. e0. r the presi$ent t capitulate t the 'u$iciary. 130. 3ne " the "ears e(presse$ !y the F un$ers a! ut aspects " the Presi$ency #as the "ear " a presi$ent+s a0. claiming certain inherent p #ers !y virtue " his p siti n. !0. using the militia t verp #er state g vernments. c0. using his p siti n t shape pu!lic pini n. $0. p #ers t app int select Aupreme ) urt 'ustices #ith ut c ngressi nal appr val. e0. p #ers t par$ n. 1-0. Ale(an$er Bamilt n st $ at the ) nstituti nal ) nventi n an$ gave a "ive h ur speech calling " r a0. a plural e(ecutive. !0. an electe$ presi$ent. c0. an ""icial $eclarati n that @e rge .ashingt n # ul$ !e the "irst presi$ent. $0. his #n app intment as )hie" 4(ecutive. e0. an elective m narchy. 120. The cause " th se #h argue$ " r a single, electe$ presi$ent at the c nventi n #as, n $ u!t, ai$e$ !y the "act that a0. Ale(an$er Bamilt n ha$ alrea$y $eclare$ himsel" a can$i$ate. !0. 5assachusetts ha$ e(perience$ great success un$er such a system. c0. The Articles " ) n"e$erati n " stere$ $eep respect " r the ""ice. $0. every! $y assume$ that @e rge .ashingt n # ul$ !e the "irst presi$ent. e0. n in$ivi$ual #as li*ely t !e ch sen as presi$ent #h #as n t a mem!er " the upper classes. 160. 3ne c ncern e(presse$ at the ) nventi n " cuse$ n the p ssi!ility that share$ p #ers # ul$ cause the presi$ent t !e a mere 8t l9 " a0. the B use " 6epresentatives. !0. the Aenate. c0. the Aupreme ) urt. $0. the 4lect ral ) llege. e0. special interest gr ups.

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1,0. .hen n can$i$ate receives a ma' rity " v tes in the elect ral c llege, the B use " 6epresentatives $eci$es #h #ill #in a presi$ential electi n. This circumstance a0. has never ccurre$. !0. has ccurre$ nly t#ice. c0. ccurs nce every &7 t 36 years. $0. has ccurre$ " ur times in this century. e0. ccurs "re?uently #hen the c untry is at #ar. 170. The "irst plan suggeste$ at the ) nventi n calle$ " r the presi$ent t !e ch sen !y a0. state legislatures. !0. the Aupreme ) urt. c0. p pular electi n. $0. the 4lect ral ) llege. e0. ) ngress. 190. The sec n$ plan that #as suggeste$ at the ) nventi n " r the selecti n " the presi$ent calle$ " r selecti n !y a0. state legislatures. !0. the Aupreme ) urt. c0. $irect v te " the pe ple. $0. the 4lect ral ) llege. e0. ) ngress. &00. The Framers s lve$ the pr !lem " h # t elect the presi$ent !y a0. " rming a ?uasi1parliamentary system " g vernment. !0. pr vi$ing " r c nstituti nal amen$ments. c0. " rming the B use 4lecti n ) mmittee. $0. creating the ) mmittee n %etail. e0. creating the 4lect ral ) llege. &10. >n$er the riginal pr visi ns " the >.A. Constitution, the states #ere t ch se presi$ential elect rs a0. h #ever they #ishe$. !0. !y p pular v te. c0. !y v te " the legislature. $0. !y app intment " the g vern r. e0. !y rules $esignate$ in the c urts. &&0. The Framers assume$ that, un$er the elect ral c llege system, m st presi$ential electi ns # ul$ !e $eci$e$ in the B use. .hy $i$ this not turn ut t !e the case: a0. Because m st electi ns #ere n t cl se en ugh t give state $elegati ns the p #er t $eci$e the utc me !0. Because the "irst Aupreme ) urt rule$ unc nstituti nal the elect ral c llege system " r selecting a presi$ent c0. Because p litical parties en$e$ up playing a ma' r r le in pr $ucing nati n#i$e supp rt " r a slate " nati nal can$i$ates $0. Because the Aenate ?uic*ly usurpe$ the $elegate p #ers " the B use e0. Because the Aupreme ) urt narr #ly interprete$ the p #ers "

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

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the legislative !ranch. Ans: Page: Type: B 3,3 Factual &30. 6egar$ing terms " ""ice, the pattern am ng m st early presi$ents #as t a0. serve ne term an$ then leave ""ice. !0. serve t# terms an$ then leave ""ice. c0. !e $e"eate$ in see*ing a sec n$ term " ""ice. $0. serve three r m re terms " ""ice. e0. leave ""ice a"ter !eing electe$ t a thir$ term. &-0. Presi$ents are n # limite$ t t# terms !y the a0. F urteenth Amen$ment. !0. Ai(teenth Amen$ment. c0. =ineteenth Amen$ment. $0. T#enty1"irst Amen$ment. e0. T#enty1sec n$ Amen$ment. &20. The legitimacy " the ""ice " presi$ent #as ai$e$ $uring the years " the "irst presi$ents !y #hich " the " ll #ing: a0. The limit place$ n the num!er " terms a presi$ent c ul$ serve !0. The minimal r le playe$ !y the early g vernment c0. The rise in p #er " p litical caucuses $0. The cl se relati nship that $evel pe$ !et#een the presi$ent an$ ) ngress e0. =arr # interpretati ns " the ) nstituti n !y the >nite$ Atates Aupreme ) urt &60. .hich " the " ll #ing statements is incorrect: a0. In r$er t #in an electi n, a can$i$ate must receive at least hal" " the v tes " the elect ral c llege. !0. 4ach state receives an elect ral v te " r each mem!er it has in the B use an$ the Aenate. c0. In s me states, elect ral v tes can !e split. $0. Atate elect rs assem!le in .ashingt n t cast their !all ts. e0. 4lect ral !all ts are pene$ !e" re a ' int sessi n " ) ngress $uring the "irst #ee* in <anuary.

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&,0. .hich " the " ll #ing statements a! ut electi ns thr #n int the B use " 6epresentatives is incorrect: a0. The B use ch ses "r m am ng the t p t# can$i$ates. !0. 4ach state casts ne v te. c0. A state+s v te is given t the can$i$ate pre"erre$ !y the ma' rity " the state+s B use $elegati n. $0. I" there is a tie #ithin a state, that state+s v te is n t c unte$. e0. This pr cess is nly use$ #hen n can$i$ate receives a ma' rity " the v tes " the elect ral c llege. &70. The pers nality " #hich presi$ent !egan t alter the relati nship !et#een the presi$ent an$ ) ngress an$ the nature " presi$ential lea$ership: a0. An$re# <ac*s n !0. >lysses @rant c0. 6ichar$ =i( n $0. <immy )arter e0. .illiam B. Barris n &90. Pri r t the 1720s, the presi$ent #h ma$e the m st vig r us use " the vet p #er #as a0. @e rge .ashingt n. !0. Ale(an$er Bamilt n. c0. An$re# <ac*s n. $0. A!raham ;inc ln. e0. < hn A$ams. 300. An$re# <ac*s n esta!lishe$ the prece$ent that a presi$ent+s vet can !e use$ a0. nly n c nstituti nal gr un$s. !0. #ith ut "irst having a la# $eclare$ unc nstituti nal !y the Aupreme ) urt. c0. even #hen ) ngress is still in sessi n. $0. n p licy gr un$s even #hen a !ill may appear t !e c nstituti nal. e0. #ith ut the a$vice an$ c nsent " the Aenate. 310. The era "r m 1736 t 193& is c mm nly vie#e$ as ne " a0. presi$ential $ minance. !0. a true !alance " p #ers. c0. Aupreme ) urt $ minance. $0. presi$ential an$ Aupreme ) urt $ minance. e0. c ngressi nal $ minance. 3&0. Presi$ent ;inc ln 'usti"ie$ his unprece$ente$ use " the vague p #ers grante$ in Article II " the >.A. Constitution !y citing a0. the $e!ates " the Framers. !0. the plat" rm " the 6epu!lican party. c0. the c n$iti ns create$ !y civil #ar. $0. Marbury v. Madison. e0. the Declaration of Independence.

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330. Fr m the e(amples " An$re# <ac*s n an$ A!raham ;inc ln, ne learns that emergency c n$iti ns an$ 00000000 can ""er presi$ents the pp rtunity " r su!stantial increases in p #er. a0. a str ng ) ngress !0. a p pular an$ str ng1#ille$ pers nality c0. an unintereste$ pu!lic $0. ma' rity supp rt in the ca!inet e0. a c mpliant Aupreme ) urt 3-0. .hen #e say that a p #er"ul presi$ency has !een instituti naliCe$, #e mean that its p #er is n l nger $epen$ent n a0. ) ngress. !0. pers nality. c0. legitimacy. $0. the >.A. Constitution. e0. 4(ecutive 3r$ers. 320. All " the " ll #ing are p #ers that nly the presi$ent is c nstituti nally entitle$ t e(ercise except a0. app inting am!assa$ rs. !0. serving as military c mman$er1in1chie". c0. c nvening ) ngress in special sessi ns. $0. receiving am!assa$ rs. e0. c mmissi n ""icers " the arme$ " rces. 360. The p #ers that the presi$ent shares #ith the Aenate inclu$e a0. receiving am!assa$ rs. !0. ma*ing treaties. c0. granting par$ ns " r "e$eral ""enses. $0. #iel$ing legislative p #er. e0. c mmissi n ""icers " the arme$ " rces. 3,0. . $r # .ils n+s 177- # r* n American p litics suggeste$ the !usiness " the presi$ent #as generally a0. nerve1rac*ing. !0. high1impact. c0. ungui$e$. $0. $iscreti nary an$ critical. e0. r utine an$ a$ministrative. 370. @r ver )levelan$ use$ "e$eral tr ps t !rea* a la! r stri*e !y inv *ing his p #er t a0. ta*e care that the la#s !e "aith"ully e(ecute$. !0. prevent ri ts an$ insurrecti ns. c0. serve as c mman$er1in1chie". $0. versee the e(ecutive !ranch. e0. "acilitate First Amen$ment activity. 390. Acc r$ing t the te(t, the greatest s urce " presi$ential p #er lies in the realm "

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

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the >.A. Constitution. interpretati n " la#s. the e(ecuti n " la#s. " reign1p licy " rmulati n. p litics an$ pu!lic pini n.

-00. >ntil the 1930s, the pattern " >.A. legislati n #as that a0. little initiative #as ta*en !y the presi$ent r ) ngress. !0. initiative #as ta*en !y the presi$ent an$ ) ngress a! ut e?ually. c0. initiative #as ta*en !y the presi$ent an$ resp n$e$ t !y ) ngress. $0. initiative #as ta*en !y ) ngress an$ resp n$e$ t !y the presi$ent. e0. initiative #as ta*en !y the presi$ent #ith the a$vice an$ c nsent " ) ngress. -10. The rule " pr pin?uity states that a0. p #er c rrupts, an$ a!s lute p #er c rrupts a!s lutely. !0. p #er ten$s t !e share$ m st evenly #hen lea$ership is #ea*est. c0. p #er ten$s t !e #iel$e$ !y the pe ple #h are in the r m #here a $ecisi n is ma$e. $0. p #er is greatest #hen legitimacy is str ngest. e0. p #er is rarely $istinguisha!le "r m #ealth an$ "ame. -&0. The principal "uncti n " the .hite B use 3""ice is t a0. versee the p litical an$ p licy interests " the presi$ent. !0. a$minister "e$eral $epartments as the presi$ent+s representative. c0. prepare the nati nal !u$get " r the presi$ent. $0. supervise the nati nal security agencies, such as the )IA an$ FBI. e0. supervise military intelligence agencies. -30. The Aenate is re?uire$ t c n"irm all " the " ll #ing presi$ential n minati ns except a0. mem!ers " the .hite B use 3""ice. !0. the hea$s " 4(ecutive 3""ice agencies. c0. the hea$s " ca!inet $epartments. $0. l #er "e$eral c urt 'u$ges. e0. Aupreme ) urt 'ustices. --0. Acc r$ing t the te(t, the three meth $s !y #hich a presi$ent can rganiCe his pers nal sta"" are a0. intuitive, pyrami$, an$ circular. !0. pyrami$, circular, an$ a$ h c. c0. circular, a$ h c, an$ intuitive. $0. a$ h c, intuitive, an$ pyrami$. e0. circular, tu!ular, an$ linear.

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-20. The meth $ " sta"" rganiCati n that p ses the ris* " is lating r misin" rming the presi$ent is calle$ a0. intuitive. !0. pyrami$. c0. circular. $0. a$ h c. e0. linear. -60. Presi$ent )lint n+s use " tas* " rces, c mmittees, an$ in" rmal gr ups " "rien$s an$ a$visers is characteristic " #hich meth $ " sta"" rganiCati n: a0. Intuitive !0. Pyrami$ c0. )ircular $0. Tu!ular e0. A$ h c -,0. .hen Presi$ent 6eagan app inte$ a chie" " sta"" in 1972, he #as acting acc r$ing t #hat m $el " rganiCati n: a0. )ircular !0. Pyrami$al c0. A$ h c $0. Intuitive e0. ;inear -70. .ith respect t a$vice, m st presi$ents $isc ver that it is !est t a0. a$ pt an ad hoc structure am ng sta"". !0. !e a *in$ " #heel hu! " r numer us assistants Dsp *esE. c0. rely heavily n ne r t# *ey su! r$inates. $0. all # high levels " access " r all #h are intereste$ in having the presi$ent+s ear. e0. see* ut the a$vice " m st ca!inet mem!ers. -90. T $ay, seni r .hite B use sta"" mem!ers are $ra#n "r m the ran*s " a0. the presi$ent+s campaign sta"". !0. Ivy league c lleges an$ universities. c0. the nati n+s t p la# sch ls. $0. ) ngress. e0. the %epartment " <ustice. 200. The m st imp rtant agency in the 4(ecutive 3""ice " the Presi$ent in terms " pr vi$ing a$ministrative assistance is the a0. ) uncil " 4c n mic A$visers D)4AE. !0. 3""ice " 5anagement an$ Bu$get D35BE. c0. 3""ice " Techn l gy Assessment D3TAE. $0. 3""ice " 4nvir nmental Fuality D34FE. e0. 3""ice " the >.A. Tra$e 6epresentative D3>AT6E. 210. .hich " the " ll #ing statements a! ut the c llegial nature "

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$eli!erati ns at ca!inet meetings is true: a0. It has !een c nsistent thr ugh ut m st " its hist ry. !0. It is increasingly imp rtant, !ut nly #hen $iscussi ns are relate$ t ec n mic issues. c0. It is m re imp rtant n # than it riginally #as. $0. It #as m re imp rtant riginally than it is n #. e0. It is largely a "icti n. 2&0. The seating r$er at ca!inet meetings m st accurately re"lects a0. the imp rtance " each $epartment represente$. !0. the p litical cl seness " each secretary t the presi$ent. c0. the age " the $epartment. $0. a spirit " penness an$ e?uality. e0. the seni rity " the in$ivi$uals in each $epartment. 230. The ca!inet ""icers c nsist " the hea$s " a0. the ma' r e(ecutive $epartments. !0. the ma' r g vernmental agencies an$ c mmissi ns. c0. the ma' r g vernmental agencies. $0. in$epen$ent agencies an$ c mmissi ns. e0. the min r g vernmental agencies. 2-0. 3ne reas n a presi$ent has relatively little p #er ver his ca!inet $epartments is !ecause he a0. cann t app int their hea$s. !0. re?uires Aenate appr val " his ch ices " r hea$s " these $epartments. c0. must share p #er #ith the 'u$icial !ranch " g vernment. $0. must share p #er #ith the legislative !ranch " g vernment. e0. cann t app int m re than a "racti n " their empl yees. 220. The main reas n the ca!inet is a #ea* entity is that a0. the secretaries are inherently 'eal us " ne an ther. !0. n t all agencies are mem!ers " the ca!inet. c0. the secretaries $e"en$, e(plain, an$ enlarge their #n agencies. $0. they are all pers nal "rien$s " the presi$ent. e0. tu!ular rganiCati ns schemes inevita!ly cl u$ the a!ility " mem!ers t c mmunicate e""ectively. 260. .hat $istinguishes e(ecutive an$ in$epen$ent agencies: a0. .here they are l cate$ !0. .hether they rep rt t ) ngress c0. B # they are "un$e$ $0. The num!er " their empl yees e0. The $istincti n is n t alt gether clear 2,0. The pri r # r* e(perience " presi$ential app intees t the e(ecutive !ranch is most li*ely t inclu$e a0. s me "e$eral agency. !0. private c rp rati ns.

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" un$ati ns. la! r uni ns. 'u$icial e(perience.

270. 6ichar$ =eusta$t use$ the la!el 8in an$ uters9 " r a0. ) ngressmen #h inc nsistently supp rte$ the presi$ent. !0. mem!ers " the ca!inet #h resigne$ !e" re the en$ " the term. c0. presi$ential sta"" mem!ers #ith ut e(perience in g vernment. $0. pers ns #h alternate$ !et#een g vernment an$ private sect r ' !s. e0. !ureaucrats #h change$ party i$enti"icati n #ith s me "re?uency. 290. The 8in an$ uter9 pr !lem is n t s much " a pr !lem in parliamentary systems !ecause ca!inet ""icers a0. c me "r m the legislature. !0. are career empl yees in the private sect r. c0. are party mem!ers. $0. are typically "ull1time career p liticians. e0. a an$ $. 600. A tren$ in recent ca!inet app intments has !een t a0. inclu$e th se #ith in$epen$ent " ll #ings. !0. app int ! th %em crats an$ 6epu!licans. c0. inclu$e th se #ith ut p litical " ll #ings. $0. app int party lea$ers an$ # r*ers. e0. app int " rmer 'u$ges an$ la#yers. 610. 6elati nships !et#een .hite B use sta"" an$ $epartment hea$s are typically characteriCe$ !y a0. the rev lving $ r. !0. team# r*. c0. mutual n ninter"erence. $0. tensi n an$ rivalry. e0. recipr city. 6&0. Pers nality plays a m re imp rtant r le in e(plaining the presi$ency than it $ es in e(plaining ) ngress !ecause a presi$ent is a0. m re li*ely t rely n han$s1 n p litics an$ persuasiveness t enact p licy. !0. less c nstraine$ !y the rules an$ r les that perate #ithin g vernment. c0. m re li*ely t !e 'u$ge$ !y his character in a$$iti n t his acc mplishments. $0. relatively immune "r m pu!lic pini n an$ p lls. e0. less c nstraine$ !y the 'u$iciary r current n ti ns " c nstituti nal principles. 630. The presi$ential character " ;yn$ n < hns n #as characteriCe$ !y

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a0. !0. c0. $0. e0.

the use " talente$ amateurs. persuasi n in "ace1t 1"ace enc unters. care"ul an$ c mplete sta"" # r*. $eep suspici n " the me$ia. !argaining an$ impers nal c mmunicati ns.

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6-0. The presi$ential character " 6ichar$ =i( n #as characteriCe$ !y a0. the use " talente$ amateurs. !0. persuasi n in "ace1t 1"ace enc unters. c0. care"ul an$ c mplete sta"" # r*. $0. $eep suspici n " the me$ia. e0. pr "essi nal c mpetence an$ e(perience. 620. The presi$ential character " 6 nal$ 6eagan #as characteriCe$ !y a0. the use " talente$ amateurs. !0. give1an$1ta*e, $iscussi n1 riente$ pr ce$ures. c0. v raci us rea$ing n very $etaile$ matters. $0. giving #i$e latitu$e t su! r$inates. e0. e(pertise an$ e(perience. 660. Presi$ents nee$ t rely n their p #ers " persuasi n !ecause " their a0. limite$ sta""s an$ s*etchy c nstituti nal p #ers. !0. pp nents #ithin the party. c0. lac* " ensure$ legislative ma' rities an$ pp nents #ithin the party. $0. s*etchy c nstituti nal p #ers an$ lac* " ensure$ legislative ma' rities. e0. limite$ sta""s. 6,0. The presi$ential au$iences liste$ !y =eusta$t inclu$e all " the " ll #ing except a0. hea$s " state "r m ar un$ the # rl$. !0. "ell # p liticians in .ashingt n. c0. party activists an$ ""iceh l$ers utsi$e .ashingt n. $0. the pu!lic. e0. lea$ers in .ashingt n. 670. .hen Presi$ent Fran*lin 6 sevelt gave the impressi n " sel"1 c n"i$ence an$ !eing n t p " things, the au$ience that #as most li*ely t perceive him as e""ective c mprise$ a0. "ell # p liticians an$ lea$ers. !0. partisan activists at the state levels. c0. the general pu!lic. $0. the me$ia. e0. partisan activists at the l cal levels. 690. .hen a presi$ent ma*es "ire1an$1!rimst ne speeches c n"irming a share$ sense " purp se, he is appealing principally t a0. "ell # p liticians. !0. the me$ia. c0. partisan activists at the state an$ l cal levels.

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the general pu!lic. "ell # lea$ers.

,00. .hen a presi$ential can$i$ate tal*s n the campaign trail " the many g $ things that he # ul$ acc mplish as presi$ent, he is appealing principally t a0. "ell # lea$ers. !0. the me$ia. c0. partisan activists at the state an$ l cal levels. $0. the general pu!lic. e0. "ell # p liticians. ,10. Alth ugh 6epu!licans gaine$ seats in the B use in 1970 an$ 197-, p litical scientists are reluctant t c nclu$e that the gains #ere $ue t presi$ential c attails !ecause a0. s many 6epu!lican can$i$ates pp se$ 6eagan an$ his c nservative i$e l gy. !0. 6eagan ha$ s ught t punish s many $isl yal 6epu!lican can$i$ates. c0. c ngressi nal electi ns are "re?uently insulate$ "r m presi$ential electi ns. $0. 6eagan ha$ re'ecte$ the 6epu!lican plat" rm n #hich s many 6epu!lican can$i$ates #ere running. e0. All " the a! ve. ,&0. .hich " the " ll #ing statements c ncerning recent party gains an$ l sses in the B use an$ Aenate is incorrect: a0. The 6epu!licans l st seats in the B use in &000. !0. The 6epu!licans l st seats in the Aenate in &000. c0. The 6epu!licans gaine$ seats in the B use in &00-. $0. The 6epu!licans gaine$ seats in the Aenate in &00-. e0. = ne " the a! ve.

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,30. .hich " the " ll #ing statements is incorrect: a0. @e rge Bush entere$ ""ice #ith an appr val rating similar t the initial rating " Bill )lint n. !0. Bush ha$ the highest $isappr val rating " any presi$ent since such p lling !egan. c0. Bush+s appr val ratings " r the "irst si( m nths #ere ?uite typical " p st 1960 presi$ents. $0. Bush receive$ the highest appr val rating ever rec r$e$ in the a"termath " the attac* " Aeptem!er 11. e0. = ne " the a! ve. ,-0. Fr m the time " #inning ""ice t the time " leaving it, the p pularity " m st recent presi$ents a0. $ecrease$ stea$ily. !0. $ecrease$ e(cept at electi n time. c0. increase$ stea$ily. $0. increase$ e(cept at electi n time. e0. reveals n systematic tren$s an$ is impervi us t electi ns an$ campaigns. ,20. 5em!ers " ) ngress pay attenti n t the pers nal p pularity " a presi$ent !ecause a0. the presi$ent may !e calle$ n t campaign " r them. !0. the presi$ent may campaign against them in a primary. c0. many mem!ers " ) ngress have aspirati ns t the presi$ency. $0. p liticians ten$ t rise an$ "all t gether. e0. interest gr up c ntri!uti ns "ten $epen$ n percepti ns " pr (imity #ith p pular presi$ents. ,60. B # success"ul a presi$ent is #ith legislati n in ) ngress is $i""icult t gauge !ecause a0. he never reveals his p siti n n n n1c ntr versial !ills. !0. he can *eep his vict ry sc re high !y n t ta*ing a p siti n n any c ntr versial measure. c0. he $ es n t have the p #er t vet !ills " ) ngress. $0. he $ es n t have the a!ility t sh # his appr val r $isappr val, since he must n t sign !ills !e" re they can !ec me la#. e0. he can never verc me the in"luence " interest gr up m ney n c ngressi nal v tes. ,,0. The classic e(ample " the h neym a0. Barry Truman. !0. Fran*lin 6 sevelt. c0. 6ichar$ =i( n. $0. @eral$ F r$. e0. Bill )lint n. n phen men n #as

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,70. Get p #er an$ e(ecutive privilege give a presi$ent ! th a #ay " !l c*ing acti n an$ a a0. r ute " appeal t the pe ple.

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means " a""ecting the party plat" rm. trump car$ t play #ith the me$ia. means " " rcing ) ngress t !argain. means " verri$ing the in"luence " special interests.

,90. I" !y %ecem!er 30 the presi$ent $ es n t sign a !ill that #as sent t him !y ) ngress n %ecem!er &-, he has pr !a!ly a0. use$ his p c*et vet . !0. vet e$ it. c0. let it !ec me la# #ith ut his signature. $0. ta!le$ it. e0. amen$e$ it. 700. A !ill is passe$ t the presi$ent " r acti n #hile ) ngress is still in sessi n. A"ter ten $ays he has still n t appr ve$ it. .hat happens t the !ill: a0. It is returne$ t ) ngress. !0. It is vet e$. c0. It !ec mes la#. $0. = thing. The presi$ent has thirty $ays t act n a !ill. e0. = thing. The presi$ent has ninety $ays t act n a !ill. 710. .hen Presi$ent 6eagan #as g vern r " )ali" rnia, he c ul$ vet p rti ns " a !ill that #ere irrelevant t the su!'ect " the !ill. Be #as e(ercising #hat is calle$ a0. c nstituti nal $iscreti n. !0. a p c*et vet . c0. states+ rights. $0. gu!ernat rial averaging. e0. a line1item vet . 7&0. 5 re than &,200 presi$ential vet es have !een ma$e since 1,79. ) ngress has verri$$en a! ut #hat percent " these: a0. - percent !0. &2 percent c0. 37 percent $0. -2 percent e0. 76 percent 730. The presi$ential claims " r e(ecutive privilege are !ase$ n the separati n " p #ers an$ n a0. the >.A. Constitution. !0. the nee$ " r c perati n #ith ) ngress. c0. internati nal la#. $0. Marbury v. Madison. e0. the nee$ " r can$i$ a$vice "r m ai$es. 7-0. United States v. Nixon hel$ that there is a0. n e(ecutive privilege. !0. a!s lute presi$ential immunity "r m 'u$icial pr cess. c0. n un?uali"ie$ presi$ential privilege " immunity "r m 'u$icial

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pr cess. real !ut limite$ presi$ential immunity "r m 'u$icial pr cess. presi$ential immunity $ es n t apply t matters #hich are civil in nature.

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720. The result " the Aupreme ) urt+s ruling in United States v. Nixon #as that a0. =i( n #as all #e$ t retain the $ispute$ tapes an$ papers. !0. =i( n #as " rce$ t han$ ver the $ispute$ tapes an$ papers. c0. ) ngress #as " rce$ t impeach =i( n t gain access t the $ispute$ tapes an$ papers. $0. ) ngress #as all #e$ t ta*e cust $y " the $ispute$ tapes an$ papers un$er 'u$icial revie#. e0. = ne " the a! ve. 760. 3n the issue " a presi$ent+s right t imp un$ "un$s, the >.A. Constitution says a0. that a presi$ent must spen$ the m ney that ) ngress appr priates. !0. that a presi$ent $ es n t have t spen$ m ney that ) ngress appr priates. c0. that a presi$ent may spen$ m ney that ) ngress $ es n t appr priate. $0. that a presi$ent may spen$ m ney that ) ngress $ es n t appr priate i" c ngressi nal lea$ers supp rt such e(pen$itures. e0. n thing. 7,0. The ma' r test " presi$ential p #er #ith respect t imp un$ment " "un$s came in the a$ministrati n " a0. ;yn$ n < hns n. !0. < hn F. /enne$y. c0. 6ichar$ =i( n. $0. @eral$ F r$. e0. Barry Truman. 770. Presi$ential imp un$ment " "un$s has !een severely limite$ in recent years !ecause " a0. a string " un"av ra!le c urt $ecisi ns. !0. the Bu$get 6e" rm Act " 19,-. c0. pu!lic utrage. $0. the pp siti n " the "e$eral !ureaucracy. e0. restructuring " the Internal 6evenue Aervice. 790. Presi$ent )lint n+s appr ach t his pr gram #as t a0. have a p licy n alm st everything. !0. rely heavily n his pre$ecess r+s pr gram. c0. c ncentrate n nly a "e# issues at a time. $0. rely n his ca!inet an$ ther a$visers. e0. rely n c ngressi nal lea$ers. 900. Presi$ent 6eagan+s appr ach t his pr gram #as t

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have a p licy n alm st everything. rely heavily n his pre$ecess r+s pr gram. c ncentrate n nly a "e# issues at a time. rely n his ca!inet. rely n c ngressi nal lea$ers.

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910. A presi$ent #h is uncertain #hether a p licy he is c nsi$ering #ill !e c ntr versial # ul$ !e most li*ely t a0. shi"t the $ecisi n t state lea$ers. !0. lea* parts " the p licy t the me$ia. c0. c mmissi n a pu!lic1 pini n p ll. $0. as* pp siti n lea$ers " r a$vice. e0. shi"t the $ecisi n t l cal lea$ers. 9&0. 3ne ma' r c nstraint n a presi$ent+s a!ility t plan an$ $evel p a pr gram is the a0. lac* " ?uali"ie$ aca$emic supp rt. !0. T#enty1thir$ Amen$ment. c0. threat " a legislative vet . $0. limit " his r her time an$ attenti n span. e0. pr li"erati n " special interests. 930. The typical # r*#ee* " r a presi$ent num!ers appr (imately a0. -0 h urs. !0. 22 h urs. c0. ,0 h urs. $0. ,2 h urs. e0. 90 h urs. 9-0. 3ne a0. !0. c0. $0. e0. " the crises the )lint n a$ministrati n "ace$ #as civil #ar in =icaragua. the $iss luti n " the A viet >ni n. c ntinuing #ar in B snia an$ ther parts " Hug slavia. stu$ent re!elli n in )hina. the Iran1c ntra crisis.

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920. The appr ach ta*en !y m st presi$ents in $ealing #ith the c nstraints that are place$ n their planning an$ $evel ping a pr gram is t a0. stic* t a "e# *ey pr grams. !0. $elegate min r pr grams t states. c0. $elegate min r pr grams t c mmunities. $0. push " r many pr grams simultane usly, e(pecting a "e# t succee$. e0. rely n rhet ric an$ pers nal "rien$ships. 960. In recent $eca$es, the t# *ey issues that presi$ents have " cuse$ n in planning an$ $evel ping ne# pr grams have !een a0. military spen$ing an$ s cial1#el"are pr grams. !0. in"lati n an$ the envir nment. c0. military spen$ing an$ the envir nment.

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ta(es an$ the "e$eral !u$get $e"icit. the ec n my an$ " reign a""airs. st every presi$ent since B ver has trie$ t increase the siCe " the "e$eral g vernment. $ecrease the siCe " the military. $ecrease the siCe " the "e$eral g vernment. re rganiCe the e(ecutive !ranch. increase the siCe " the press c rps.

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970. .hich " the " ll #ing statements a! ut the legislative vet is correct: a0. It is an e""ective t l " r preventing a presi$ent "r m re rganiCing an agency r $epartment. !0. It #as use$ !y ) ngress " r the "irst time $uring the =i( n a$ministrati n. c0. It #as rule$ unc nstituti nal !y the Aupreme ) urt in 1973. $0. It is s metimes use$ in place " a regular la# t re rganiCe an agency r $epartment. e0. It is usually empl ye$ #hen there is a sense that c urts #ill revie# a $ecisi n. 990. 4very presi$ent since Barry Truman has c mmente$ that the p #er " the presi$ency a0. nee$s t !e limite$ in the $e"ense " "ree$ m. !0. is "le(i!le, !ut al#ays a$e?uate t the tas* at han$. c0. nee$s t !e e(pan$e$ in the interest " "ree$ m. $0. is greater than it appears t !e "r m the utsi$e. e0. l *s greater "r m the utsi$e than "r m the insi$e. 1000. .hich " the " ll #ing statements a! ut a presi$ent+s serving m re than t# terms is correct: a0. It has !een $ ne !y nly ne presi$ent. !0. It is neither pr hi!ite$ n r enc urage$ !y the >.A. ) nstituti n. c0. It is illegal un$er Article II " the >.A. Constitution. $0. It has never !een $ ne !y a presi$ent. e0. It has !een rule$ unc nstituti nal !y the >.A. Aupreme ) urt. 1010. 00000000 >.A. presi$ents have !een assassinate$ #hile in ""ice. a0. 3ne !0. T# c0. Three $0. F ur e0. Ten 10&0. .hich " the " ll #ing is true a! ut presi$ential electi ns $uring times #hen the c untry is $eeply $ivi$e$: a0. A presi$ent has the !est chance " r reelecti n. !0. G ter apathy is at its highest. c0. G ters ten$ t ign re issues #hich are nati nal in character.

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G ters ten$ t !ec me pre ccupie$ #ith l cal electi ns. A presi$ent sel$ m #ins reelecti n.

1030. .hich " the " ll #ing statements a! ut the vice1presi$ential r ute t the presi$ency is correct: a0. It has har$ly ever !een a via!le ne. !0. It # r*s !etter thr ugh electi n than successi n. c0. It # r*s !etter thr ugh successi n than electi n. $0. It has !een a via!le ne " r m st vice presi$ents. e0. It has al#ays !een c nteste$ !y party lea$ers an$ utsp *en mem!ers " the 'u$iciary. 10-0. The c nstituti nal $uty " the vice presi$ent is t a0. presi$e ver the ca!inet. !0. c r$inate " reign p licy. c0. presi$e ver the Aenate. $0. supervise the .hite B use sta"". e0. "acilitate rati"icati n " treaties. 1020. .h succee$s t the presi$ency i" ! th the presi$ent an$ vice presi$ent $ie: a0. The Apea*er " the B use !0. The secretary " state c0. The m st seni r ca!inet ""icer $0. The Aenate ma' rity lea$er e0. The Aenate min rity lea$er 1060. .h succee$s t the presi$ency i" ! th the presi$ent, the vice presi$ent, and the Apea*er " the B use $ie: a0. The Aenate presi$ent pr temp re !0. The secretary " state c0. The m st seni r ca!inet ""icer $0. The Aenate ma' rity lea$er e0. The Aenate min rity lea$er 10,0. The p siti n " 8acting presi$ent9 #as create$ !y a0. an act " ) ngress. !0. e(ecutive re rganiCati n. c0. the T#enty1"i"th Amen$ment. $0. the riginal >.A. Constitution. e0. an 4(ecutive 3r$er. 1070. .hen Presi$ent 6eagan #as un$er anesthesia #hile !eing perate$ n in 1972, the relati nship !et#een him an$ Gice Presi$ent Bush #as g verne$ !y the a0. Auccessi n Act " 1776. !0. Auccessi n Act " 19-,. c0. T#enty1sec n$ Amen$ment. $0. T#enty1"i"th Amen$ment. e0. = ne " the a! ve.

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1090. A presi$ent su""ers a str *e !ut nevertheless #ants t remain in ""ice. The vice presi$ent an$ ca!inet $isagree. .h $eci$es #hether the presi$ent sh ul$ c ntinue t serve: a0. The presi$ent !0. The vice presi$ent an$ ca!inet c0. ) ngress $0. The Aupreme ) urt e0. A #rit " man$amus 1100. A presi$ent su""ers a str *e !ut nevertheless #ants t remain in ""ice. The vice presi$ent an$ ca!inet $isagree. The presi$ent may !e rem ve$ !y a0. impeachment. !0. a t# 1thir$s v te " ) ngress. c0. a Aupreme ) urt ruling. $0. the c m!ine$ pini ns " the vice presi$ent an$ ca!inet. e0. a #rit " man$amus. 1110. >p n the $eath r incapacitati n " a presi$ent an$ the successi n " the vice presi$ent, a ne# vice presi$ent is ch sen !y a0. the ne# presi$ent #ith c ngressi nal appr val. !0. ) ngress. c0. p pular electi n. $0. the Apea*er " the B use. e0. the Aupreme ) urt. 11&0. The a0. !0. c0. $0. e0. !'ects " impeachment have most "re?uently !een ca!inet mem!ers. "e$eral !ureaucrats. presi$ents. state g vern rs. "e$eral 'u$ges.

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1130. An impeache$ presi$ent is al#ays a0. rem ve$ "r m ""ice !y the Aenate. !0. in$icte$ !y the B use. c0. rem ve$ "r m ""ice !y the B use. $0. rem ve$ "r m ""ice !y B use lea$ers. e0. in$icte$ !y the Aenate. 11-0. 00000000 $eci$eDsE #hether a presi$ent sh ul$ !e impeache$. a0. The B use !0. The Aenate c0. B th h uses " ) ngress $0. The Aupreme ) urt e0. The Aenate <u$icial ) mmittee 1120. 00000000 $eci$eDsE #hether t rem ve the presi$ent "r m ""ice " ll #ing an impeachment trial. a0. The < int <u$iciary ) mmittee

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!0. c0. $0. e0. Ans: Page: Type: 4 -0) nceptual

The B use The Aenate The Aupreme ) urt The Aenate <u$icial ) mmittee

1160. .hen @eral$ F r$ par$ ne$ 6ichar$ =i( n " r his r le in .atergate, it meant that =i( n a0. c ul$ n t !e impeache$ " r any crime he may have c mmitte$ #hile in ""ice. !0. c ul$ n t have c mmitte$ any ""enses that #ere actually punisha!le. c0. c ul$ !e impeache$ !ut n t c nvicte$ " r any crime he may have c mmitte$ #hile in ""ice. $0. #as inn cent " any crime he may have c mmitte$ #hile in ""ice. e0. c ul$ n t !e pr secute$ un$er "e$eral la# " r any crime he may have c mmitte$ #hile in ""ice. 11,0. .hich " the " ll #ing statements a! ut Presi$ent )lint n+s impeachment is incorrect: a0. The Aenate $i$ n t c nvict )lint n. !0. )lint n #as charge$ #ith per'ury, !structi n " 'ustice, an$ a!use " p #er. c0. A ma' rity " the Aenate v te$ t c nvict. $0. )lint n #as accuse$ " ma*ing "alse #ritten statement t the <u$iciary ) mmittee. e0. = ne " the a! ve. 1170. Bill )lint n survive$ his impeachment trial " r all " the " ll #ing reas ns except: a0. The pu!lic $isli*e$ his private !ehavi r !ut $i$ n t thin* it am unte$ t an impeacha!le ""ense. !0. The ec n my #as str ng. c0. The nati n #as at peace. $0. )lint n #as a le"t1#ing %em crat. e0. ! an$ c. 1190. The "un$amental c ncern in $e"ining the presi$ential successi n is t a0. "in$ a ?uali"ie$ success r. !0. cur! 'u$icial p #ers. c0. prevent anarchy. $0. cur! legislative p #ers. e0. ensure the legitimacy " the ""ice. 1&00. ) ncerning the p #ers " the e(ecutive an$ legislative !ranches " g vernment, the te(t c nclu$es that a0. ! th have !ec me m re p #er"ul. !0. ! th have !ec me m re c nstraine$. c0. nly the presi$ency has !ec me m re p #er"ul. $0. nly ) ngress has !ec me m re p #er"ul. e0. there has !een little signi"icant change acr ss the nati n+s hist ry.

Ans: Page: Type:

4 -031-0Factual

Ans: Page: Type:

% -031-0) nceptual

Ans: Page: Type:

4 -01 Factual

Ans: Page: Type:

B -06 ) nceptual

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56
Ans: Page: Type:

Chapter 14: The Presidency

B -06 Factual

1&10. .hich " the " ll #ing # ul$ not !e a g $ rule " thum! " r a ne#ly electe$ presi$ent: a0. 5 ve t implement pr grams ?uic*ly. !0. Av i$ $ealing #ith interest gr ups. c0. Av i$ getting inv lve$ in t many $etails. $0. 6ely n capa!le ai$es. e0. % n t rely n the ca!inet.

TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: True 369 True 369 False 3,0 1&&0. T F >n$er a parliamentary system, v ters can ch se a mem!er " parliament !ut n t the chie" e(ecutive. In sharp c ntrast t presi$ents, prime ministers are usually p litical insi$ers. A ma' r $i""erence !et#een the parliamentary an$ presi$ential systems is that the presi$ent can generally !e assure$ " a ma' rity in the legislature. @ri$l c* is a necessary c nse?uence " a system " $irect $em cracy. True uni"ie$ g vernment is achieve$ nly #hen the same i$e l gical #ing " the same party is in c ntr l " ! th !ranches " g vernment. Americans say they $ n+t li*e $ivi$e$ g vernment. Presi$ential can$i$ates "re?uently !em an $ivi$e$ g vernment. Ach larly research suggests $ivi$e$ g vernment re$uces the li*elih $ that su!stantive legislati n #ill !e passe$. >ni"ie$ g vernment pr !a!ly re?uires the $ minance " ! th !ranches !y the same i$e l gical #ing " a party. The 6eagan a$ministrati n "eature$ uni"ie$ g vernment. @ri$l c* is pr !a!ly the necessary c nse?uence " representative g vernment. At the time " the ) nstituti nal ) nventi n, many " the states ha$ g vern rs ch sen !y their legislatures. A me " the Framers pr p se$ a plural nati nal e(ecutive.

1&30. T

1&-0. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

False 3,0 True 3,1

1&20. T

1&60. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 3,0 True 3,013,1 False 3,1 True 3,1 False 3,1 True 3,& True 3,& True 3,&

1&,0. T 1&70. T 1&90. T 1300. T 1310. T 13&0. T

F F F F F F

1330. T 13-0. T

F F

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Chapter 14: The Presidency Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: False 3,& True 3,& True 3,& False 3,3 True 3,3 False 3,3 1320. T F @e rge .ashingt n st $ at the ) nventi n an$ calle$ " r s mething li*e an elective m narchy.

57

1360. T

The ?uesti n " presi$ential reelecti n #as a ma' r issue at the ) nstituti nal ) nventi n. The Framers th ught that m st presi$ential electi ns # ul$ !e $eci$e$ in the B use. In the elect ral c llege, v ters $eci$e h # elect rs are ch sen. Pr !a!ly the !est strategy " r capturing the v te " the elect ral c llege is t #in the ten largest states. @e rge .ashingt n esta!lishe$ the practice " the presi$ent serving a " ur1year term rather than a t# 1year term. The T#enty1sec n$ Amen$ment set a limit " t# terms " r the presi$ency. 4arly presi$encies #ere mar*e$ !y minimal g vernment activism an$ !y the app intment " men " stature. @e rge .ashingt n sp *e ut against p litical parties. .ashingt n travele$ #i$ely s pe ple c ul$ see the ne# presi$ent. .ashingt n+s relati nship #ith ) ngress #as cl se an$ p sitive. Presi$ential p #er #as greatly e(pan$e$ un$er @e rge .ashingt n. An$re# <ac*s n s ught t ma(imiCe the p #ers " the presi$ency. An$re# <ac*s nIs a$ministrati n #as mar*e$ !y the vig r us use " the vet " r p licy reas ns. A!raham ;inc ln receive$ less than -0 percent " the p pular v te in the electi n " 1760.

13,0. T

1370. T

1390. T

1-00. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 3,3 True 3,True 3,True 3,2 False 3,2 False 3,2 True 3,2 True 3,2 True 3,7

1-10. T

1-&0. T

1-30. T 1--0. T 1-20. T 1-60. T

F F F F

1-,0. T

1-70. T

1-90. T

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58
Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

Chapter 14: The Presidency False 3,7 True 3,7 True 3,7 False 3,9 True 3,9 False 3,9 True 370 False 370 1200. T 1210. T 12&0. T 1230. T 12-0. T 1220. T 1260. T F F F F F F F ;inc ln supp rte$ the 5e(ican .ar an$ praise$ An$re# <ac*s n+s use " e(ecutive p #er. ;inc ln issue$ the 4mancipati n Pr clamati n #ith ut pri r c ngressi nal appr val. ;inc ln !l c*a$e$ A uthern p rts an$ suspen$e$ ha!eas c rpus #ith ut pri r c ngressi nal appr val. The presi$ent can grant par$ ns in cases inv lving impeachment. The presi$ent can c nvene ) ngress in special sessi ns. The presi$ent shares the treaty1ma*ing p #er #ith the B use " 6epresentatives. The greatest s urce " presi$ential p #er is " un$ in p litics an$ pu!lic pini n. The presi$ent has a salary " ar un$ J700,000 per year.

12,0. T

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

59

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 370 True 371 True 371 True 37&

1270. T

In r$er t ?uali"y " r the presi$ency, an in$ivi$ual must !e a resi$ent " the >nite$ Atates " r at least " urteen years. In general, p #er is #iel$e$ !y pe ple #h are in the r m #here a $ecisi n is ma$e. The titles hel$ !y .hite B use ai$es "ten "ail t in$icate the e(tent " their real p #ers. The circular meth $ " rganiCing the .hite B use sta"" has the virtue " giving the presi$ent a great $eal " in" rmati n. Presi$ent Fran*lin 6 sevelt alternate$ $i""erent meth $s " sta"" rganiCati n " r $i""erent *in$s " p licy issues. The a$ h c meth $ " sta"" rganiCati n helps *eep the presi$ent in cl se c ntact #ith g vernment ""icials #h are ultimately resp nsi!le " r a$ministrative acti n. 5 st mem!ers " a presi$entIs .hite B use sta"" are p licy e(perts. The m st imp rtant agency #ithin the 4(ecutive 3""ice is the ca!inet. Bea$s " agencies in the 4(ecutive 3""ice are presi$ential app intees. App intments t the hea$s " agencies in the 4(ecutive 3""ice $ n t re?uire Aenate appr val. The presi$ential ca!inet is usually relatively unimp rtant in " rmulating a$ministrati n pr grams. The presi$ent app ints m re mem!ers " his ca!inet $epartments than the British prime minister. The ma' r resp nsi!ility " a ca!inet $epartment hea$ is t a$vise the presi$ent n p licy issues. The a!un$ance " p litical app intments gives the presi$ent l ts " pp rtunities t re#ar$ "rien$s an$

1290. T

1600. T

1610. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 371 False 37&

16&0. T

1630. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

False 373 False 373 True 37False 373 True 37True 37False 37True 372

16-0. T

1620. T

1660. T

16,0. T

1670. T

1690. T

1,00. T

1,10. T

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60

Chapter 14: The Presidency

p litical supp rters. Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: True 372 True 376 False 376137, True 37, True 390 True 390 True 390 True 391 1,&0. T F The presi$ent can app int "e$eral 'u$ges, su!'ect t Aenate appr val. 5 st presi$ential app intees have ha$ pri r e(perience in the "e$eral g vernment. The te(t suggests presi$ents, t $ay, are m re li*ely t $esire a party lea$er than an 8e(pert9 in the ca!inet. A presi$ent nee$s t c nsi$er imp rtant interest gr ups #hen ma*ing g vernment app intments. The general pu!lic is n t usually the m st imp rtant au$ience that the presi$ent a$$resses. 5 st recent presi$ents have pre"erre$ ra$i an$ televisi n a$$resses t ne#s c n"erences. Presi$ents typically lac* the p #er t threaten recalcitrant mem!ers " ) ngress #ith $e"eat at the p lls. A presi$ent can *eep his vict ry sc re #ith ) ngress high !y n t ta*ing a p siti n n any c ntr versial measure. The p pularity " a presi$ent imme$iately a"ter !eing s# rn in seems inevita!ly t $ecline !y the mi$term electi ns. The p c*et vet c mes int play nly #hen ) ngress has a$' urne$. Fe# presi$ential vet es are ever verri$$en !y ) ngress.

1,30. T

1,-0. T 1,20. T

F F

1,60. T

1,,0. T

1,70. T

1,90. T

Ans: Page:

True 39&

1700. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 39True 392 True 396 True 396

1710. T

17&0. T

1730. T

In United States v. Nixon, the Aupreme ) urt re'ecte$ =i( n+s claim " a!s lute e(ecutive privilege. The a!ility " the presi$ent t spea* in c n"i$ence has !een greatly restricte$ as a result " recent "e$eral c urt rulings limiting the num!er ar un$ him t claim e(ecutive privilege.

17-0. T

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

61

Ans: Page:

True 39,

1720. T

The Bu$get 6e" rm Act " 19,- re?uiring the presi$ent t spen$ appr priate$ "un$s may actually !e unc nstituti nal !ecause it c ntains pr visi ns " r a legislative vet . 6ecent presi$ents have !een e(pecte$ t have a p licy " r alm st every gr up an$ every pr !lem. Fe# presi$ents are a!le t c ncentrate su""iciently n all the pr grams " their a$ministrati n. 5 st "e$eral pr grams can !e change$ nly marginally, even i" a presi$ent #ants changes. Presi$ents rarely rely n pini n p lls t $etermine #hat p licies t emphasiCe #hile in ""ice. .hen presi$ents act n the !asis " #hat they !elieve their c nstituents #ant, they are ta*ing the $elegate appr ach. @e rge .. Bush ran as a can$i$ate intereste$ in $ mestic a""airs an$ #ith little !ac*gr un$ in " reign a""airs. Presi$ents rarely attempt t re rganiCe the e(ecutive !ranch " the "e$eral g vernment. Presi$ent Bush+s creati n " the %epartment " B melan$ Aecurity represente$ the largest re rganiCati n e"" rt ma$e !y a sitting presi$ent. )hanging an agency thr ugh re rganiCati n is m re $i""icult than thr ugh a! lishing a pr gram r passing a ne# la#. A presi$ent+s re rganiCati n " the 4(ecutive 3""ice can ccur nly in c nsultati n #ith ) ngress. The legislative vet is an e""ective t l " r " rcing a presi$ent t $eal #ith ) ngress n matters " agency re rganiCati n. The legislative vet #as rule$ unc nstituti nal in 1973.

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 39, True 399 True 397 False 39,1397 False 399

1760. T

17,0. T

1770. T

1790. T

1900. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True 399 False 399 False 3991-00 False -00

1910. T 19&0. T 1930. T

F F F

19-0. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True -00 False -00

1920. T

1960. T

Ans: Page: Ans:

True -00 True

19,0. T

1970. T

5 st vice presi$ents have "are$ p

rly #hen

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62
Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

Chapter 14: The Presidency

-01 True -01 True -01 False -0& True -0& 1990. T F

su!se?uently running " r the presi$ency. < hn Tyler $e"ine$ the p #ers " a vice presi$ent succee$ing a presi$ent #h $ies in ""ice. The nly ""icial tas* " a vice presi$ent is t presi$e ver the Aenate an$ t v te in case " a tie. The secretary " state !ec mes presi$ent i" ! th the presi$ent an$ vice presi$ent $ie in ""ice. >n$er the T#enty1"i"th Amen$ment, a vice presi$ent !ec mes acting presi$ent i" a presi$ent in ""ice is $isa!le$. The Aupreme ) urt rules #hether a $isa!le$ presi$ent sh ul$ c ntinue t serve in ""ice. B th electe$ an$ civil1service ""icials " the "e$eral g vernment can !e rem ve$ "r m ""ice via impeachment. Impeachment $ es n t necessarily mean guilt.

&000. T

&010. T

&0&0. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

False -0& True -03

&030. T

&0-0. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True -03 False -03 True -03

&020. T

&060. T

3nly ne presi$ent in >.A. hist ry, An$re# < hns n, #as actually impeache$. .hile the impeachment case against An$re# < hns n #as entirely p litical, the ne against Bill )lint n #as m re seri us. 3ne " the si$e e""ects " the )lint n impeachment epis $e #as the $eath " the la# creating the 3""ice " the In$epen$ent ) unsel. A ma' rity " the Aenate v te$ t c nvict )lint n $uring his impeachment. 5any critics " the Constitution !elieve$ in 1,7, that peace"ul successi n # ul$ n t ta*e place in the presi$ency. A ma' r reas n ) ngress an$ the presi$ent seem less a!le t c ntr l events than they use$ t !e a!le t $ is

&0,0. T

Ans: Page:

True -0-

&070. T

Ans: Page: Ans: Page: Ans: Page:

True -03 True -06 True -06

&090. T &100. T

F F

&110. T

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

63

the c mple(ity " the issues that have ev lve$ since the 1930s.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

&1&0. .hat are the $i""erences !et#een the >.A. presi$ent an$ prime ministers in terms " i$entity an$ p #ers " the chie" e(ecutive: Answer a0. !0. c0. $0. Presi$ent "ten an utsi$er Presi$ent ch ses ca!inet mem!ers utsi$e ) ngress Presi$ent has n guarantee$ ma' rity in the legislature 4ven #hen ne party c ntr ls the .hite B use an$ ) ngress, the t# !ranches "ten # r* at cr ss purp ses

Pages: 36713,0 &130. %iscuss the c ncerns that the Framers ha$ a! ut the presi$ency. Answer a0. Av i$ance " anarchy an$ m narchy: "ear " presi$ential $ minati n " ) ngress an$ " c ngressi nal $ minati n " the presi$entK presi$ential reelecti nK c ncern that large, p pul us states # ul$ $ minate in a $irect p pular electi n

Pages: 3,&13,&1-0. 4(plain the three #ays a presi$ent can rganiCe his r her pers nal sta"". Answer a0. !0. c0. Pyrami$: m st ai$es rep rt thr ugh a hierarchy t a chie" " sta"" )ircular: ca!inet secretaries an$ ai$es rep rt $irectly t presi$ent A$ h c: tas* " rces an$ c mmittees $eal $irectly #ith presi$ent

Page: 371 &120. .hy $ es the presi$ent have nly limite$ p #er ver ca!inet secretaries, ma*ing the ca!inet a #ea* entity: Answer a0. !0. Presi$ent cann t app int many $epartmental empl yees Aecretaries hea$ vast rganiCati ns that they $e"en$, e(plain, an$ enlarge

Pages: 37-1372

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64

Chapter 14: The Presidency

&160. ;ist s me " the aspects " the presi$ential character " any three presi$ents "r m 4isenh #er t )lint n. %iscuss h # these pers nality traits a""ecte$ each a$ministrati n. Answer a0. !0. c0. $0. e0. "0. g0. h0. i0. 4isenh #er: r$erly, care"ul sta"" # r* /enne$y: impr viser, talente$ amateurs < hns n: #heeler1$ealer, arm1t#ister =i( n: mistrust"ul " me$ia, hierarchical F r$: genial, rela(e$ in pers nal $ealings )arter: .ashingt n utsi$er, micr manager 6eagan: c mmunicat r rather than a$ministrat r Bush: e(tensive e(perience, ma*e $ecisi ns n !asis " pers nal c ntacts )lint n: attenti n t $etail, ad hoc rganiCati n

Pages: 3771379 &1,0. AummariCe #hat #e *n # a! ut presi$ential p pularity. .hat impact $ es it have n c ngressi nal races an$ the presi$ent+s pr gram: .hat a""ects appr val ratings an$ #hat general tren$s have !een n ticea!le acr ss previ us terms: Answer a0. !0. c0. $0. P pular supp rt " r the presi$ent $ es n t translate int supp rt " r a mem!er " ) ngress P pularity may have an impact n h # much " his pr gram passes P pularity is $i""icult t pre$ict an$ a""ecte$ !y things !ey n$ the presi$ent+s c ntr l P pularity ten$s t !e high right a"ter the electi n !ut $eclines thr ugh ut the term Dtranslating int the nee$ t acc mplish imp rtant g als earlyE

Pages: 390139&170. 4(plain the vet pr cess an$ the vari us types " vet es. Be care"ul t als e(plain #hat happens #hen legislati n is n t signe$ !y the presi$ent. Explain a0. !0. c0. $0. Get messages: statement sent t ) ngress #ithin 10 $ays a"ter !ill has !een passe$, e(plains the presi$ent+s reas ns P c*et vet : presi$ent $ es n t sign !ill #ithin 10 $ays an$ ) ngress has a$' urne$ Da !ill n t signe$ #ithin 10 $ays #hile ) ngress is in sessi n !ec mes la# #ith ut the presi$ent+s signatureE Get es can !e passe$ ver !y a t# 1thir$s v te " each h use Bills that have !een p c*et vet e$ cann t !e !r ught !ac* t li"e r carrie$ ver t the ne(t ) ngress

Pages: 39-1396

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Chapter 14: The Presidency

65

&190. 3n #hat t# gr un$s have presi$ents !ase$ their p #er " e(ecutive privilege: %i$ the Aupreme ) urt agree: Answer a0. !0. c0. Aeparati n " p #ers: ne !ranch $ es n t have the right t in?uire int the internal # r*ings " an ther Principles " statecra"t an$ pru$ent a$ministrati n re?uire presi$ents having the right t c n"i$ential an$ can$i$ a$vice !tain

U.S. v. Nixon D19,3E: Aupreme ) urt rec gniCe$ a !asis " r this privilege in the area " sensitive r $ipl matic matters !ut n t an a!s lute privilege.

Page: 396 &&00. .hat are the pr visi ns " the T#enty1"i"th Amen$ment: Answer a0. %isa!ility: vice presi$ent serves as acting presi$ent #henever the presi$ent $eclares himsel" una!le t $ischarge $uties r #henever the vice presi$ent an$ a ma' rity " the ca!inet $eclare the presi$ent incapacitate$. I" the presi$ent $isagrees #ith the pini n " the vice presi$ent an$ ca!inet, ) ngress $eci$es. A t# 1 thir$s v te is nee$e$ t c n"irm the presi$ent una!le t serve. Gice presi$ential vacancy: presi$ent n minates ne# vice presi$ent i" ""ice is vacant, su!'ect t c n"irmati n !y ! th h uses.

!0. c0.

Page: -0&

ESSAY QUESTIONS
&&10. Assume y u have !een electe$ presi$ent. H ur g al is t enact a legislative pr gram. %iscuss the !est #ay t achieve this !'ective. P int ut the strengths an$ #ea*nesses " presi$ential p #er, " cusing n the "act rs a presi$ent can in"luence an$ manipulate. Answer a0. !0. c0. $0. e0. Because the presi$ent $ es n t c ntr l ) ngress as $ es a prime minister, he r she must use persuasi n t succee$, especially #hen c urting the pini ns " .ashingt n insi$ers. The presi$ent is m st success"ul #hen his r her p pularity is highK p pularity is highest at the !eginning " a term, s *ey pr p sals must !e pushe$ ?uic*ly. A presi$ent sh ul$ !e selective in intr $ucing pr p sals !ecause " the c nstraints " time, une(pecte$ crises, an$ a c ntr lle$ !u$get. The threat " a vet can !e p #er"ul !ecause ) ngress rarely verri$es a vet . Presi$ent $ es n t rely much n the ca!inetK uses capa!le .hite B use sta""ers an$ gives them clearly $e"ine$ resp nsi!ilities.

Page: )h. 1-

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66

Chapter 14: The Presidency

&&&0. The p #er " the presi$ent is a h tly $e!ate$ issue. A me sch lars re"er t an 8imperial presi$ency9 $espite the F un$ers+ intenti n t ma*e ) ngress the 8"irst !ranch.9 Fr m the material in the te(t, argue that ) ngress is in$ee$ a m re p #er"ul !ranch than the presi$ency. Answer a0. !0. c0. $0. e0. "0. g0. Presi$ent has n guarantee$ supp rt in ) ngress, an$ the g vernment is "re?uently $ivi$e$. Presi$ential p #er relies heavily n persuasi n an$ presi$ential p pularity ten$s t $ecline as a term pr gresses. Presi$ents have little c ntr l ver ca!inet $epartments. = ne " the presi$ent+s p #ers t say 8n 9 are "inal: vet can !e verri$$enK e(ecutive privilege limite$ !y Aupreme ) urtK ) ngress restricte$ use " imp un$ments. Presi$ent cann t re rganiCe utsi$e the .hite B use #ith ut c ngressi nal appr val. Presi$ential c attails have #ea*ene$. Presi$ents get less than ne1hal" their pr grams thr ugh ) ngress.

Page: )h. 1&&30. The te(t ta*es a s me#hat unc nventi nal vie# " 8gri$l c*9 in g vernment. .hat $ es sch larly research tell us a! ut the impact " 8gri$l c*9 n legislati n: .hat c mplicates the n ti n " 8uni"ie$9 g vernment an$ h # might it !e a s luti n t 8gri$l c*9: . ul$ such a s luti n !e g $ r accepta!le t m st Americans: Answer a0. !0. c0. $0. Ach larly research suggests $ivi$e$ g vernment $ es a! ut as #ell as uni"ie$ nes in passing imp rtant la#s. >ni"ie$ g vernment might !e a myth !ecause the parties "eature internal $ivisi ns an$ there is instituti nal rivalry !et#een ) ngress an$ the Presi$ent in the p licy1ma*ing pr cess. A#eeping c nstituti nal change might cure gri$l c* an$ # ul$ seem t run c ntrary t the $esire " many v ters #h split tic*ets. @ri$l c* might !e a necessary c nse?uence " representative g vernment.

Pages: 3,013,&

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