Nanyang Girls High School

2008 Secondary 3 Physics

Assignment 2.3 Four Equations of Motion Name: _______________________ ( ) Class: 3 / ___ Date: _________ Mark: ________

Write your working and answers in a separate sheet of writing paper. 1. A body moves along a straight line from A to B with uniform acceleration 0.670 m/s2. The time taken is 12.0 s and the velocity at B is 25.0 m/s. Find a) the velocity at A , b) the distance AB. A cyclist travelling downhill accelerates uniformly at 1.5 m/s2. If his initial velocity at the top of the hill is 3.0 m/s, find a) how far he travels in 8.0 s, b) how far he travels before reaching a velocity of 7.0 m/s. A stone slides in a straight line across a horizontal sheet of ice. It passes a point A with velocity 14 m/s and a point B 2.5 s later. Assuming the retardation is uniform and that AB is 30 m, find a) the retardation, b) the velocity at B, c) how long after passing A the stone comes to rest. a) A car is being driven along a road at a steady speed of 25 m/s when the driver suddenly notices that there is a fallen tree blocking the road 65 m ahead. The driver immediately applies the brakes giving the car a constant deceleration of 5.0 m/s2. How far in front of the tree does the car come to rest? b) If the driver had not reacted immediately and the brakes were applied 1.0 s later, with what speed would the car have hit the tree? 5. A stone is thrown vertically upwards from ground level with a velocity of 40 m/s. The stone then falls back to the ground. By neglecting air resistance, find a) the maximum height to which the stone rises and b) the total time of flight. A small solid sphere falls freely from rest in air, with an acceleration of 10 m/s2. Find the distance fallen in 5.0 s. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 30 m/s from the top of a tower 20 m high. a) Find the time taken to reach the maximum height and b) the total time taken to reach the ground.

2.

3.

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6. 7.

Physics A2.3

Nanyang Girls High School

2008 Secondary 3 Physics

Assignment 2.3 [20 marks] Four Equations of Motion Solutions and Comments 1. (a) (b) v = u + at a = 0.670 m/s2, t = 12.0 s, v =25.0 m/s u = 17.0 m/s s = ut + at2 s = 252 m [1]

[1] Comments: Always state the equation of motion used. Show all working steps clearly. Sketch a diagram to illustrate the information given, sign convention selected if this helps you to visualise the question better. Answers: not more than 3 s.f. 2. (a) (b) s = ut + at2 s = 72 m v2 = u2 + 2as s = 13.3 13 m u = 3.0 m/s, a = 1.5 m/s2, t = 8.0 s v = 7.0 m/s, u = 3.0 m/s, a = 1.5 m/s
2

[1] [1]

Comments: If two equations are needed to find one quantity, e.g. v = u + at and s = ut + at2, consider using one equation, the 3rd equation, e.g. v2 = u2 + 2as 3. (a) (b) (c) 4. (a) s = ut + at2 a = - 1.6 m/s2 , so retardation = 1.6 m/s2 v = u + at u = 14 m/s, t = 2.5 s, a = - 1.6 m/s2 v = 10 m/s v = u + at u = 14 m/s, v = 0 m/s, a = - 1.6 m/s2 t = 8.75 8.8 s v2 = u2 + 2as u = 25 m/s, a = -5.0 m/s2, v = 0 m/s s = 62.5 m distance from the fallen tree = 65 62.5 = 2.5 m [1] [1] [1]

[2]

(b)

In 1.0 s, distance travelled = 25 m, since u = 25 m/s. u = 25 m/s, a = -5.0 m/s2, s = distance left = 65 25 = 40 m v2 = u2 + 2as v = 15 m/s [2]
25 m travelled at 25 m/s 40 m travelled with brakes

Comments: Sketch a diagram to illustrate the information given, sign convention selected if this helps you to visualise the question better.

Physics A2.3

Nanyang Girls High School

2008 Secondary 3 Physics

5.

(a) (b)

Sign convention: up is positive v2 = u2 + 2as u = 40 m/s, a = -10 m/s2, v = 0 m/s (highest point) s = 80 m [2] v = u + at u = 40 m/s, a = -10 m/s2, v = 0 m/s (highest point) t = 4 s to go up total time of flight = 8 s (to go up and come down) [2]

Comments: similar to example in Kinematics part 2 powerpoint slides 6. Sign convention: down is positive s = ut + at2 u = 0 m/s, a = 10 m/s2, t = 5.0 s s = 125 130 m (a)

[1]

7.

Sign convention: up is positive v = u + at u = 30 m/s, a = -10 m/s2, v = 0 m/s (highest point) t = 3.0 s [2] Method 1: consider sum of up (tower to highest point) and down (highest point to ground) motions. u = 30 m/s, a = -10 m/s2, v = 0 m/s v2 = u2 + 2as s = 45 m Highest point to ground = 20 + 45 = 65 m u = 0 m/s, a = -10 m/s2, s = -65 m s = ut + at2 t = 3.6 s Total time taken = 3.0 + 3.6 = 6.6 s [2] Method 2: consider a single motion (tower to top and down to ground) s = ut + at2 displacement (tower to ground) s = - 20 m, u = 30 m/s, a = -10 m/s2 a quadratic equation in t is formed, solve for t t = 6.6 s, t = -0.6 s (not applicable)

(b)

OR

Compiled by Mr Ang JL 20 Mar 2008

Physics A2.3