Tense Present simple Imperative Present Progressive Past simple Used to Be Going to

Examples Water boils at 100 c. I dont like math. Does Henry work here? Stop! Please be quit! Dont do that! Ruth is watching TV. They arent stuying. Are you waiting for me? I finished my homework an hour ago. It didnt work. Did you call me Nancy. I used to be a dancer. Rose didnt use to like baseball. Did you used to live in Texas? Im Going to get a job. Amy isnt Going to call. Are you Going to eat that?

Adverd Ever Never How long For Since

Meaning In Question: at any time up to now At no time up to now In questions: for what period of time A period of time: tells the lenght A point in time:gives the beginning of a time period

Examples Have you ever written a cover letter Ive never been here before How long have you worked here? Ive worked for six months Ive worked here since May

Too/Enough (tan/ suficiente)

1. Use too to indicatate tha something is extreme or exaggered: Subject + am/is/are + too + adjective + complement 2. Use enough to indicate that something is sufficient: Subject + am/is/are + enough + adjective + complement Do no use too when you mean really/very in a positive tense. Should have (debi haber)

Subject + should have/shouldnt have + past participle + complement Direct speech Simple present: I make friends easily Present Progressive: Im looking forward to my next movie Simple past: That movie was my acting class Reported speech Simple past: Johnny said he made friends easily Past Progressive: Freddie said he was looking forward to his next movie. Past perfect: He told us that that movie had been his acting class.

Past Progressive: Iwas looking out of the window Present perfect: Ive watched videos of Madonna Will: Ill play Spiderman in a movie someday Am/are/ Going to: Im going to be a superstar Would/should/might: Iwould love to be a superhero. Shall: Shall I open the window Can/may/must: You can be friends with me until the end of time

Past perfect Progressive: She told us she had been looking out of the window. Past perfect: she explained that she had watched videos of Madonna. Would: He said he would play Spiderman in a movie someday. Was/ were/Going to: He said he was Going to a superstar. Would/should /might: Fredie told us that he would love to be a superhero. Should: He asked if he should open the window. Can/may/must or hat to: he said I could be friends with him until the end of time.

Verb Speak Talk ( to someone; about something) Argue (with about)

Discuss

Definition To use your voice to talk; to use a particular language To use Words to communicate orally; to have a conversation. To speak to someone in an angry way because you disagree. To talk about a specific topic with someone.

Common noun phrases Give a speak Have a / give a talk Have an argument

Have a discussion

Direct question Do you like dancing? Where are you from? Whould you like to go out with me? What is your favorite sport?

Indirect Question She asked him if he liked dancing. She asked him where he was from. She asked him if he would like to go out with her? She asked him what his favorite sport***

Have/ Get (informal conversation)

Use a causative to talk about something that someone does for you. As causative, have and get mean almost the same thing. Use get in informal conversations. Causative have and get can be used in any tense. Subject + have/get + Object + past participle + complement

Because/so (porque/entonces)

Result I dont buy a lot of clothes Reason I dont have much extra money

because so

Reason I dont have much extra money Result I dont buy a lot of clothes

Relative clauses Which/ Who / That

Use the relative pronoun who or that if the relative clause describes a person. Use the relative pronoun which or that if the relative clause describes a thing. Main clause This is the girl There are the photographs Subject who which Relative clause Verb wants were taken

Complement to meet you at the wedding.

Main clause These are the people That is the photo

Relative pronoun that that

Subject Verb Joe wants I want

Complement to meet to see

Past perfect (had) ( haba, habamos, haban)

Subject + had + past participle + complement Verb + gerund

I miss living near the ocean Verb + preposition + gerund

Subject + be + adjective preposition + gerund I am thinking about buying a guitar Talking about hopes, accomplishements, regrets

I regret not helping my brother with his school project. Gerund as Subject Verb is not takes Complement my favorite sport real dedication

Subject (gerund) Hunting Training for the Olympics

Next Then Finally Afther that First

Siguiente Entonces Por fin/ finalmente Despues de eso Primero

When While After Before As soon as Until

Cuando Mientras Despus Antes Tan pronto como Hasta

May have/ might have (Pudieron haber)

May have and might have mean the same thing. Might have is a little more common. Subject + might have/may have + past participle + complement Zero conditional

Use the zero conditional to talk about situations with results that are generally true, all the time. Use the zero conditionalwith an imperative, to give advice or instructions. Giving advice: If you have a problema, talk to someone about it. Question tags

Question tags can use ane verb tense and modals will, can, would, should and could. We do not usually use may, might or must in Question tags. 1 2 3 4 5 You are Mexican, arent you? Luisa lives in Veracruz, doesnt she? We wont study for the exam, will we? Maries is waiting for us, isnt she? We have studied hand, havent we? Third conditional

Use the third conditional to talk about hypothetical situations in the past. If clause ( past perfect) If I had your number, If Toby hadnt invited me, Main clause (would have/ wouldnt have ) + verb simple form I would have called you I wouldnt have gone

Use wish + the past perfect to express regrets you have now about the past. Subject + wish/wishes I wish I wish Second clause (past perfect) I had had your number. He hadnt invited me.