Best Practice

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit 31 January 2010

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 Scope................................................................. Conflicts and Deviations.................................... References......................................................... Required Documents for the Review................. Review of the Design Basis............................... Review Computer Stress Analysis Modeling..... 2 2 2 3 3 4

Appendix A Pipe Stress Analysis Check List....... 7

Previous Issue: New Next Planned Update: TBD Page 1 of 8 Primary contact: Dib, Tony G. on 966-3-8760195 and Alzughaibi, Mishal I. on 966-3-8760173
CopyrightSaudi Aramco 2010. All rights reserved.

Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review

Scope 1.1 The objective of this best practice is to provide a methodology for reviewing electronic piping stress analysis files, stress analysis that are generated by design agencies/offices for Saudi Aramco new projects or existing piping modifications. This best practice is governed by the definitions and mandatory requirements of SAES-L-120 Piping Flexibility Analysis. This best practice is intended to be used by Saudi Aramco Engineers who are directly involved in design review or approval; mainly CSD, PMT and Operation Engineers.

1.2 1.3

Conflicts and Deviations 2.1 Conflicts with Mandatory Standards In the event of a conflict between this Best Practice and other Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirement, the Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirement shall govern. 2.2 Disclaimer This Best Practice is being provided for the general guidance and benefit of Saudi Aramco engineers and operating facilities. The information or material contained here will not release the users from the responsibility of safeguarding and controlling their operations within Saudi Aramco established guidelines such as GIs and engineering standards.

References This Best Practice is based on the latest edition of the references below, unless otherwise noted. 3.1 Saudi Aramco References Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards SAES-A-112 SAES-L-100 SAES-L-120 Meteorological and Seismic Design Criteria Applicable Codes & Standards for Pressure Piping Systems Piping Flexibility Analysis

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Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review

3.2

Industry Codes and Standards American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME B31.1 ASME B31.3 ASME B31.4 ASME B31.8 Power Piping Process Piping Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbon and Other Liquids Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

Required Documents for the Review To be able to conduct a thorough review of piping stress analysis calculations, the below documents are required: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Safety Instruction Sheet (SIS) of each pipe Process and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) showing all lines Piping isometric drawings (ISO) Pipe Stress isometrics Electronic Computational Piping Stress Analysis input files Expansion Joints data sheets (if applicable) Spring supports/hangers data sheets (if applicable) Equipment nozzles allowable per the manufacturer or code(if applicable)

Review of the Design Basis Before stating the review of the design calculations, review of the design basis documents shall be completed to verify the accuracy of the design parameters that are used in the calculations, a detailed check list can be found in Appendix A. 5.1 Safety Instruction Sheet (SIS) SIS is the basis for all the design parameters; the SIS includes detailed information on Line identification, piping data, operating and design conditions. 5.2 Piping Isometric Drawings (ISO) The piping isometric provides the actual piping layout, support type and locations, piping material specification and information to the connected equipments.

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Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review

5.3

Stress Isometric The stress isometric is the piping model that shows all equipments, node no., material specifications, pipe restraints and other information that are required to perform the analysis utilizing stress analysis program.

Review Computer Stress Analysis Modeling The quality of the calculation results depends mainly on the accuracy of the input file. All input parameters are important. However, this best practice is highlighting the most critical item that the reviewer needs to check/verify as minimum. These items are addressed in the check list Appendix-A.
Note: the commonly used stress analysis software within Saudi Aramco is CAESAR II, if other stress analysis software is being reviewed, the reviewer shall request access to the used stress analysis software.

6.1

Load Combinations When reviewing the computer stress analysis modeling, it is important to verify if all the possible operational seniors are analyzed, this can result in several load combinations for the same piping system, each load combination is at different operational conditions. Example: When we have two pumps, pump (1) and Pump (2), one is normally operating and one is a stand-by, the following load conditions should be considered: Table 1 Load Combinations
Pump 1 Load Condition 1 Load Condition 2 Load Condition 3 Pump 2

Running (Hot) Running (Hot) Stand By (Cold)

Running (Hot) Stand By (Cold) Stand By (Cold)

Similarly in you have three pumps Pump (1), (2) & (3), two are operating and one is stand by, the following load conditions should be considered:

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Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review

Table 2 Load Combinations

Pump 1 Load Condition 1 Load Condition 2 Load Condition 3 Load Condition 4 Pump 2 Pump 3

Running (Hot) Running (Hot) Running (Hot) Stand By (Cold)

Running (Hot) Running (Hot) Stand By (Cold) Running (Hot)

Running (Hot) Stand By (Cold) Running (Hot) Running (Hot)

6.2

Review Calculation Results The last phase in the review process is evaluating the calculation results; the purpose of this evaluation is to see if stress, deflection and displacement are within allowable. 6.2.1 Maximum Horizontal Displacement At any point of the piping system, and for any load combination, horizontal displacement shall be within the limit per the design criteria. The following is a recommended practice: 1) 2) 3) In the process unit the maximum movement at each side of the loop should not be more than 6 inch. In the offsite area, the maximum movement at each side of the loop should be no more than 12 inch. The guideline for the thermal movement at the corner when pipe changes direction should be limited to a maximum of 6 inch in the process area and 10 inch in the offsite area.

6.2.2

Equipment Nozzle Loads The reviewer shall verify that all Equipment nozzel loads are qualified per the vendors allowable or per the applicable code or standard or such as: NEMA SM23 API 610 API 617 API 618 API 661 Evaluates piping loads on steam turbine nozzles Evaluates piping loads on centrifugal pumps Evaluates piping loads on centrifugal compressors Evaluates piping loads on reciprocating compressors Evaluates piping loads on air-cooled heat exchangers
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Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review

API 560 WRC 107 WRC 297

Evaluates piping loads on fired heaters Evaluates the vessel stresses in the immediate vicinity of a nozzle Computes stresses in the nozzle in the vessel (evaluation of stresses in cylinder-to-cylinder intersections)

31 January 2010

Revision Summary New Saudi Aramco Best Practice.

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Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review

Appendix A Pipe Stress Analysis Check List

Reviewers Name: Calculation No. Including BI No. Review Date: Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Document Title SIS SIS SIS SIS Piping Isometrics Piping Isometrics Stress Isometric Stress Isometric Stress Isometric Stress Isometric Stress Isometric Stress Isometric Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Description of item Is the code used in compliance with SAES-L-100? Is the wall thickness calculation utilizing the applicable code? Is the hydrotest pressure calculation per SAES-L-150? Is the design temperature vs. Material allowable based on the ASTM and the applicable code? Does the piping and fittings material specification match the information on the SIS? Does the Piping Iso. Include all valves/equipments that are shown on the P&ID for that line? Does the stress Iso match the routings of the piping isometric? Does the stress Isometric drawing include node numbering for computer stress analysis modeling? Does the stress Isometric drawing include dimensions per the piping isometric? Does the stress Isometric drawing include material specifications? Does the stress Isometric drawing include insulation type and thickness? Does the stress Isometric drawing include details, type and locations of the restraints? Are all equipment nozzles are identified as anchors with the equipments thermal expansion? Are all pipe supports and restraints are modeled per the stress isometric? Is all pipe support friction factor as per SAES-L-120? Is the thermal expansion of the equipment considered in the modeling? Is the analysis being terminated (stress analysis boundary) at an anchor or at least at a three way restraint? Are the spring supports modeled correctly (variable, constant, preloading, spring rate.) ? Are the expansion joints modeled correctly (type, spring rates, displacements)? Comments

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Document Responsibility: CSD/MED/Piping Unit Issue Date: 31 January 2010 Next Planned Update: TBD Item Document Title Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Modeling Calculation Results Calculation Results Calculation Results Calculation Results Calculation Results Calculation Results Description of item

SABP-L-006 Piping Stress Analysis Review Comments

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Are all fittings such elbows, tees, branches, modeled with the applicable SIF stress intensification factors? And if the analysis uses SIF other than those in the applicable code, supporting calculation shall be included. Does the code that is used match the SIS data Is the design pressure that is used match the SIS data? Is the design Temperature that is used matching the SIS data? Was wind load condition considered in the Model? Was Seismic load condition considered in the Model? Do the load combinations represent all the possible scenarios of operations (design condition, operating condition, hydrostest condition)? See Paragraph 6.1 If the system will be subjected to steam out, was the steam out considered as a load condition? Is the modeling of the supports connected to the equipments (Pressure Vessels, tanks) per the computer Stress analysis technique ? Are the Differential settlements considered in the modeling? Are the units consistent that are used in the model? Is the model considering flexible nozzles? Did the model utilize the program database for material specifications? Is the Fluid density used corresponds to the service? Are the weights of components such as valves, flanges, etc including bolts inputted correctly? Are the Maximum stresses for all cases including the combined stress meet the code allowable? Are the Maximum vertical displacements at any point for any load combination higher than 5/8? Are the Maximum horizontal displacements at any point for any load combination within the limit per the design criteria? See Paragraph 6.2.1 Are all Equipment nozzle loads qualified per the applicable code or standard or with-in the vendors allowable? See Paragraph 6.2.2 Are the Spring hanger reports match the spring data sheets? Are the Expansion Joints displacements and stresses match Expansion Joint data sheets?

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