K. Taller/ S.

Vogt

R 2003

World Schools Debating Championships 2004

WORLD SCHOOLS DEBATING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2004

USEFUL DEBATING PHRASES ROLLENSPIEL

Ways to open a debate

As the proposition, we would like to begin with defining the following. To set the framework for our motion, we believe it is necessary to propose the following definitions. We would like to introduce our stand by giving the following definitions. In order to effectively debate this topic, we as the proposition, would like to propose. By giving this definition, a number of key issues arise from this problem which merit closer e amination. We, the proposition, will elabortate one of the most striking features of this problem, namely In the first place we would like to make clear that. The main argument focuses on.

How to convince in a debate

The opposition have tried to make some good points, however, they forgot to think about some very important issues, namely. We hear what the opposition are saying but we do not agree. We will prove to you That!s one way to think about it, however,. "ot to play the #evil!s Advocate, but we will prove to you e actly the opposite. The proposition!s motion may seem plausible at first glance, however, we as the opposition, would like to remind you of recent developments in this area. According to . At first sight, the proposition!s argument seems to be true. But. We have thought about the proposition!s proposal, however, research findings strongly support our motion of.. The proposition unfortunately failed to reveal the truth of the matter,. It is easy enough to make broad generalisation about...like the opposition $ust did, but in reality it is a very comple issue. The arguments presented by the proposition are by no means sufficient enough to back up the claim that. It is generally e cepted these days that. It is only a matter of time until it will become evident that the opposition!s stand must fall due to the following reasons. %ne must take into account that.

Possible conclusions

This motion must fall because. To conclude, we must emphasise our motion of., hence the opposition!s point of view can no longer be supported. To sum up, our motion must stand, simply because during the debate we have shown. This debate has made obvious that the opposition!s motion cannot stand since.. The simple truth is The proposed arguments lead us to the irrefutable conclusion that To draw a line under this debate, After careful consideration, we must conclude that.

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K. Taller/ S. Vogt

R 2003

World Schools Debating Championships 2004

Modes of Address
All references to other speakers should be in the third person, e.g. &oints of Information should begin with a phrase such as'

&oint of Information, (ir)*adam+ Is the (peaker aware that... *r ) *adam ,hairman... I re-uest the floor... Are the ,hair ) the (peaker .not/ aware that... I yield the floor to points of information ) to the ,hair ) to another delegate. #oes the (peaker .not/ agree that...0

Resolution Introductory Phrases

1ach clause should start with a verb in the following way .please note, this list is not e haustive/'

Pre-ambulatory Clauses
Affirming Alarmed by Approving Believing Bearing in mind ,ontemplating ,onvinced #eclaring #eeply concerned #eeply conscious #eeply convinced #eeply disturbed #eeply regretting 1mphasi2ing 1 pressing its appreciation 1 pressing its satisfaction 3ully aware 3ully believing 3urther deploring 3urther recalling 4uided by 5aving adopted 5aving considered further 5aving denoted attention 5aving e amined 5aving received 5aving studied 6eeping in mind "oting with approval "oting with deep concern "oting with regret "oting with satisfaction 7ealising 7eaffirming 7ecalling 7ecognising 7eferring 7ecalling Taking into account Taking into consideration Taking note 8iewing with appreciation Welcoming

Operative Clauses
Accepts Affirms Approves Authorises ,alls for ,ondemns ,ongratulates ,onfirms ,onsiders #eclares accordingly #eplores #emands #esignates #raws the attention 1mphasi2es 1ncourages 1ndorses 1 presses its hope 1 presses its appreciation 3urther invites 3urther problems 5ave resolved "otes &roclaims 7eaffirms 7ecommends 7eminds 7e-uests (olemnly affirms (trongly condemns (upports Trusts Takes note of Transmits 9rges

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K. Taller/ S. Vogt

R 2003

World Schools Debating Championships 2004

Sample Resolution
Committee: Submitted by: Co-submitted by: Pre-ambulatory Phrases Political Iraq Cuba and PDRK Organ --> The 4eneral Assembly of the 9nited "ations, "oting Article %ne of the 9niversal #eclaration of 5uman 7ights, which states that :All beings are born free and e-ual in dignity and rights:. A are that economic embargoes cause great damage to nations, both to the individuals within the nations, and to the wider social structure, !earin" in mind paragraph ;< of the (ecretary=4eneral>s ?@@A report on the work of the 9nited "ations, which stated, :(anctions ... raise the ethical -uestion of whether suffering inflicted on vulnerable groups in the target country is a legitimate means of e erting pressure, Callin" the attention of member states to the 8ienna #eclaration and &rogramme of action which affirms that food should not be used as a tool for political pressure, Convinced that it is wrong and immoral for any country to penalise another through pre$udice, because they disapprove of their government, !elievin" that it is only through building firm trading links, and not through a policy of hatred and intolerance that a lasting peace between nations can be achieved, #$ Calls upon all member states to reconsider their position over all sanctions, and particularly the sanctions on Ira- and ,ubaB %$ Su""ests that the sanctions against the above named countries be gradually rela ed, with the aim of reinstating the infrastructure, education system and medical care of both member statesB &$ '(presses its hope that the sanctions will be fully lifted within eight yearsB )$ *r"es the 9nited "ations to send medical aid to both countries, to alleviate the suffering of the thousands of civilians, especially to pregnant and nursing mothers, and childrenB Stron"ly recommends that the first sanctions to be rela ed on oil in the case of Ira-, and on sugar in the case of ,uba, so that the countries may use the profits from their primary e ports to' .i/ invest in the socio=economic structure of their nations, in order to revive their economies, .ii/ provide humanitarian aid, specifically food and medicine, to their population, .iii/ pay teachers and other professionals to return to work, so that the alarming drop=out rate at elementary and secondary schools may be remedied, to provide a basic education for the future generationB +$ Su""ests that this process be monitored by the 9" and other nations that would be affected, especially those in the *iddle 1astB ,$ 'ncoura"es all member states to endeavour to trade fairly with these countries in particular, and troubled regions in general, so that through mutual trade and increased prosperity, lasting peace and friendly relations between countries will ensue. / ar/!!!/apps/con ersion/tmp/scratch"#/#$4%0&0#'.doc

Use a comma to separate preambulatory clauses Underline initiating phrases Indent 5 spaces Operative Clauses Number operative clauses Use a semicolon to separate operative clauses Use a full stop to end the resolution

K. Taller/ S. Vogt

R 2003

World Schools Debating Championships 2004

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