Code No: R059211401 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Define thermodynamic work. When a work is said to be done by a system?

What are positive and negative work interactions.
(b) Air initially at 300 KPa pressure and 0.02m3 volume expands according to the
law PV=constant until the pressure reduces to 150 KPa. Subsequently it is
compressed at constant pressure to its original volume of 0.02m3 . Sketch the
process on P-V diagram and calculate the work interaction per unit mass of
air. [6+10]

2. (a) A domestic refrigerator is loaded with food and the door closed. During a
certain period the machine consumes 1 KW-hour of energy and the internal
energy of the system drops by 5000 KJ. Find the net heat transfer for the
system.
(b) 1.5 kg of liquid having a constant specific heat of 2.5 KJ/kg-k is stirred in a
well insulated chamber causing the temperature to rise by 150 C. Find ∆E and
W for the process. [8+8]

3. Derive expressions for entropy changes for a closed system in the following cases:

(a) General case for change of entropy of a gas

(b) Heating a gas at constant volume
(c) Heating a gas at constant pressure
(d) Polytropic Process. [6+3+3+4]

4. (a) Define mean effective pressure? What is its importance in reciprocating en-
gines?
(b) In an air standard Diesel cycle, the compression rate is 16, and at the beginning
of isotrophic compression, the temperature is 150 C and the pressure is 1 bar.
Heat is added until the temperature at the end of the constant pressure process
is 14800 C. Calculate [4+12]
i. Cut-off ratio
ii. Heat supplied per kg of air
iii. Cycle efficiency
iv. M.E.P.

5. A dense air machine operates on reversed Brayton and is required for a capacity of
10TR. The cooler pressure is 4.2 bar and the refrigerator pressure is 1.4 bar. The

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 1
air is cooled in the cooler at a temperature of 500 C and the temperature of air at
inlet to compressor is - 2 00 C. Determine for the ideal cycle : a. C.O.P.; b. mass
of air circulated per minute ; c. theoretical piston displacement of compressor ;
d. theoretical piston displacement of expander ; and e. net power per tones of
refrigerator. [16]

6. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of a four stroke engine over two
stroke engine.
(b) With the help of neat sketches, explain the working of four stroke C.I engine.
[8+8]

7. (a) Draw the schematic diagram of a Simple carburetor and explain its function-
ality with different conditions.
(b) What are different types of nozzles used in C.I. Engine fuel injector and explain
its working. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain the working principle of gas turbine along with p-v and T-s diagrams.
(b) Describe the differences between closed cycle gas turbine and open cycle gas
turbine. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What is the concept of continuum ? How will you define density and pressure
using this concept?
(b) Define the term property. State the differences between extensive and intensive
properties of a thermodynamic system. Give few example for each. [8+8]

2. (a) Make an energy analysis of the steam nozzle and heat exchanger.
(b) The gas leaving the turbine jet engine flows steadily into the jet pipe with en-
thalpy 960 KJ/kg and velocity 250 m/s. The exit from the pipe is at enthalpy
860 KJ/kg, and exhaust is in line with intake. Neglecting heat loss from the
system, determine the velocity of gas leaving the pipe. [6+10]

3. (a) State and explain

i. Kelvin - Planck Statement of II nd Law of thermodynamics
ii. Clausius statement of II nd Law of thermodynamics
(b) An engine is to be designed to produce 0.735KW by taking continuously
6000kJ/h from heat source which is at 505K. The heat sink is atmosphere
i.e., sink temperature is atmospheric. Calculate the efficiency of car not cycle.
The atmospheric temperature varies from 380 C in summer and 00 c in winter.
Comment on the performance of the engine [8+8]

4. (a) Discuss the use of air standard cycle analysis for study of Internal Combustion
engines?
(b) An oil engine working on the dual combustion cycle has a compression ratio
14 and the explosion ratio obtained from an indicator card is 1.4. If the cut
off occur at 6 percent of stroke. Find the ideal efficiency take for air γ = 1.4
[6+10]

5. (a) State the merits & demerits of regenerative cycle and reheat Rankine cycle.
(b) Find the C.O.P of a refrigeration system if the work input is 75 kJ/kg and
refrigeration effect produced is 160 kJ/kg. [16]

6. (a) What is the function of a fan in cooling system? Is it always required?

(b) Discuss the merits and the demerits of air and water cooling systems. [6+10]

7. (a) What are different auxiliary components required in S.I. Engine for achieving
better combustion? Explain
(b) What is super charging? What are its advantages and limitations. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 2
8. (a) What are the major applications of gas turbine cycle? Explain
(b) What are the advantages and limitations of reheating gas turbine cycle with
multi-stage expansion. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Differentiate between open system and closed system with examples.
(b) A mass of gas is compressed in a quasi static process from 80 KPa 0.1 m3
To 0.4 MPa, 0.03 m3 . Assuming that the pressure and volume are related by
PVn = Constant, find the work done by the gas system. [8+8]
2. (a) What is mechanical equivalent of heat?
(b) State the first law of thermodynamics applied to (i) a cycle and (ii) a process.
(c) A closed system consists of water contained in a cylinder and being stirred by
a paddle wheel. During the process, 35 kJ/hr of work was imparted to the
system, and the internal energy increased to 145 kJ from its initial value of
120 kJ during one hour of stirring. Determine the heat transfer. [2+6+8]
3. (a) With a schematic representation explain briefly about heat engine, refrigerator
and heat pump
(b) Define COP of a refrigerator
(c) A certain machine works on reversed car not cycle between the temperature
limits of -80 C and 250 C. Find its COP when working as [9+1+6]
i. A refrigerating machine
ii. Heat pump and efficiency when working as heat engine.
4. (a) Discuss by mean of graphs the variation of air standard efficiency of Otto cycle
with compression ratio and adiabatic index or ratio of specific heat?
(b) A diesel engine has a compression ratio of 14 and cut off takes place at 6% of
the stroke. Find the air standard efficiency. [8+8]
5. (a) Enumerate the applications of Joule‘s cycle.
(b) Show with the help of diagrams the differences between theoretical and actual
vapour compression cycles. [10+6]
6. (a) What are the methods of introduction of fuel and why are they required in
C.I.engines?
(b) How could an engine be identified whether it is a petrol or diesel engine. [8+8]
7. (a) Draw the schematic diagram of a Simple carburetor and explain its function-
ality with different conditions.
(b) What are different types of nozzles used in C.I. Engine fuel injector and explain
its working. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 3
8. (a) Define work ratio. And derive its equation for closed cycle gas turbine.
(b) Explain the working principle of reheating of gas turbine power cycle with
suitable diagrams. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are different forms of work energy? Explain each briefly.
(b) Compare the work and heat transfers. [10+6]

2. A reciprocating air compressor takes in 2 m3 /min at 0.11 MPa, 200 C which it

delivers at 1.5 MPa, 1110 C to an after cooler where the air is cooled at constant
pressure to 250 C. The power required by the compressor is 4.15 KW. Determine the
heat transfer in (a) the compressor, and (b) the cooler. Take Cp=1.005 KJ/Kg-K
and R = 0.287 KJ/Kg-K [16]

3. (a) With a schematic representation explain briefly about heat engine, refrigerator
and heat pump
(b) Define COP of a refrigerator
(c) A certain machine works on reversed car not cycle between the temperature
limits of -80 C and 250 C. Find its COP when working as [9+1+6]
i. A refrigerating machine
ii. Heat pump and efficiency when working as heat engine.

4. (a) Discuss the use of air standard cycle analysis for study of Internal Combustion
engines?
(b) An oil engine working on the dual combustion cycle has a compression ratio
14 and the explosion ratio obtained from an indicator card is 1.4. If the cut
off occur at 6 percent of stroke. Find the ideal efficiency take for air γ = 1.4
[6+10]

5. (a) Explain about the re-heating and regeneration of a steam cycle with help of
neat diagrams?
(b) Obtain an expression for the efficiency of Joule’s cycle in terms of pressure
ratio. [8+8]

6. (a) For a diesel engine, give the lay-out of the fuel system naming the essential
components and explain their roles.
(b) Why do designers go for multicylinder engines for heavy loads and name some
multicylinder engine types. [10+6]

7. (a) Explain different stages of combustion in S.I.Engine along with p-θ diagram.
(b) What is diesel knock? How to minimize knocking in C.I. Engine. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 4
8. (a) Differentiate among open, closed and semi closed gas turbine power cycles.
(b) Draw the schematic diagram of gas turbine unit with reheating and inter
cooling and explain salient features. [8+8]

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