Code No: RR210801 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. Explain the function of a two fluid manometer and derive the equation for pressure
drop. [16]

2. Explain the behavior of non Newtonian fluids with the help of plot and give exam-
ples. [16]

3. An incompressible fluid is flowing through a horizontal cylindrical pipe of radius

rw , show that the shear stress distribution is [τw /rw ] = [τ /w]. [16]

4. Brine is to be pumped through 35 m of smooth copper tube having an inside

diameter of 2.5 cm. The flow rate is 240 lt / min. Calculate frictional pressure
drop and the power required to over come friction. Given the specific gravity of
brine is 1.18 and the viscosity of brine is 2.5 cp. [16]

5. Air flows from a reservoir through an isentropic nozzle into a long straight pipe.
The pressure and temperature in the reservoir are 20 atm and 4500k respectively
and the mach number at the entrance of the pipe is 0.05. What is the value of f
Lmax /rH ? [16]

6. (a) Define superficial velocity. Express average velocity in terms of superficial

velocity and porosity. [8]
(b) Define equivalent diameter of the particle and sphericity. [4]
(c) Write the Ergun equation , Kozeny carman equation and Blake plummer equa-
tion. [4]

7. What is Pneumatic conveying. Explain. [16]

8. A venturimeter having a throat diameter of 38.9 mm is installed in a line having

an inside diameter of 102.3 mm. It meters water having a density of 999 Kg/m3 .
Pressure drop across the venturimeter is 156.9 KPa. Venture coefficient is 0.98.Cal-
culate the volumetric flow rate. [16]

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Code No: RR210801 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Determine the dimensionless groups formed from the variables involved in the flow
of fluid external to a solid body. The force exerted on the body is a function of v,
l, U, and L. [16]

2. Explain the behavior of non Newtonian fluids with the help of plot and give exam-
ples. [16]

3. An incompressible fluid is flowing through a horizontal cylindrical pipe of radius

rw , show that the shear stress distribution is [τw /rw ] = [τ /w]. [16]

4. A pump delivers water from a holding tank at atmospheric pressure to a process

equipment at 450 kpa at a flow rate of 6.2 lt/s. The process equipment is located
10 m higher than the holding tank. Calculate the power requirement for the pump
if its efficiency is 70% , the fluid friction and the changes in kinetic energy are
negligible. Take density of water as 995 kg/m3 . [16]

5. (a) Define mach number and explain its significance.

(b) What do you mean by sonic, subsonic and super sonic flow.
(c) How is the mach number important in establishing the relation between the
velocity and the area of cross section for flow through nozzles. [4+6+6]

6. Estimate the terminal velocity of 0.2 mm diameter spherical particles of density

2800kg/m3 which are freely falling in liquid of viscosity 5Cp and density 1000
kg/m3 . [16]

7. (a) What are the differences between the particulate and aggregative fluidization.
Write atleast five applications of fluidization.
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of fluidization. [6+10]

8. Explain the principle of operation of the pitot tube and indicate how it can be
used in order to measure the total flow rate of fluid in a duct. If a pitot tube is
inserted in a pipe of circular cross section in which the fluid is in a stream line
flow. Calculate at what point in the cross section it should be inserted so as to give
direct reading of the mean velocity of the flow of fluid. [16]

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Code No: RR210801 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Why the pressure measurement is important. Classify the pressure measuring
devices. [6]
(b) Explain the construction, Principle of a simple U-tube manometer and derive
the equation for pressure drop. [10]

2. The water flows in a pipe line, whose diameter changes from 20cm at one end
A to 50 cm at another end‘B’ pressure at two ends are 78.5 KN/m2 and 58.9
KN/m2 respectively. The flow rate is 200m/sec End B is higher than end A by
3m. Determine the direction of flow. [16]

3. A small capillary with an inside diameter of 2.22 × 10−3 m and a length 0.317 m
is being used to continuously measure the flow rate of a liquid having a density of
875 kg/m3 and viscosity of 1.13 × 10−3 Pa s. The pressure drop reading across the
capillary during flow is 0.0655 m water of density 996 kg/m3 . What is the flow rate
in m3 /s if end effect corrections are neglected. [16]

4. (a) Define hydraulic radius and equivalent diameter. Why equivalent diameter is
calculated? [8]
(b) Calculate the hydraulic radius for a circular tube and for an annular flow
between two concentric pipes. [8]

5. (a) Explain isothermal frictional flow with a neat diagram. [6]

(b) Derive the basic equation for isothermal frictional flow. [10]

6. Derive the expression for the terminal velocity of the spherical particles in the
Stroke’s law region. [16]

7. What is Pneumatic conveying. Explain. [16]

8. Water flowing at 1500cm3 /sec in a 50mm diameter pipe is metered by means of a

simple orifice of diameter 25mm. If the coefficient of discharge of the meter is 0.62,
what will be the reading on a mercury manometer connected to the meter. What
is the Reynold’s number for the flow in the pipe. Density of water is 1000kg/m3
viscosity of water=1mNs/m2 . [16]

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Code No: RR210801 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Why the pressure measurement is important. Classify the pressure measuring
devices. [6]
(b) Explain the construction, Principle of a simple U-tube manometer and derive
the equation for pressure drop. [10]

2. Derive the three dimensional equation of continuity. [16]

3. A liquid is flowing through a horizontal pipe of diameter 0.0525m and length 1m

with a velocity of 4.57 m/s. The viscosity of the liquid is 4.46 cp and the density
801 kg/m3 . Calculate the skin friction. The friction factor is given as 0.006. [16]

4. Calculate the pressure gradient , the average velocity and the Reynolds number
of operation if the maximum shear stress is measured as 200N/m2 for the flow of
glycerine of viscosity 7 Poise and specific gravity is 1.3 in a pipe of diameter 10 cm.
[16]

5. Air at 1.7 atm gauge and 150 C enters a horizontal steel 75mm pipe, 70 m long .
The velocity at the entrance of the pipe is 60 m/s . Assuming isothermal flow,
what is the pressure at each discharge end of the line? [16]

6. Estimate the terminal velocity of 0.2 mm diameter spherical particles of density

2800kg/m3 which are freely falling in liquid of viscosity 5Cp and density 1000
kg/m3 . [16]

7. What are the types of fluidization. Write the equations used to calculate pressure
drop in fluidized beds. [16]

8. A pitot tube is used to measure the flow rate of water at 200 C in the center of
a pipe having an inside diameter of 102.3 mm .The manometer reading is 78 mm
of carbon tetra chloride at 200 C. The pitot tube coefficient is 0.98. Calculate the
velocity and volumetric flow rate .The density of water is 1 gm/cc and that of
carbon tetrachloride is 1.6 gm/cc. [16]

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