Paediatrics MCQ Boy with fever and rash

An eight year old boy presented to the casualty with high fever, pruritic erythematous rash, joint pain and lymph node enlargement. There is a history of upper respiratory tract infection for which he was on cefaclor 8 days completed of a 10 day course. The most likely diagnosis is? A. Serum sickness like illness B. HSP C. Type III hypersensitivity D. Kawasaki disease

Correct answer : A. Serum sickness like illness Serum sickness like reaction can occur following the use of certain drugs, especially cefaclor in children. It presents with an urticarial / purpuric rash, arthritis, lymphadenopathy and fever. But unlike true serum sickness (a type III hypersensitivity response), it is not caused by circulating immune complexes.

Paediatrics MCQ Thyroid disorders in children

A one year old child presented to the OPD with the history of short stature, tiredness and constipation. Examination revealed a palpable goitre. Serum T4 was decreased and TSH levels were increased. Which is the most probable diagnosis? A. Thyroid dysgenesis B. Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis C. TSH receptor blocking antibody D. Central hypothyroidism

Correct answer : B. Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis Among the options given, only Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis presents with a palpable goiter

Paediatrics MCQ Tumour associated with neurofibromatosis

Most common tumour associated with Neurofibromatosis I in children is? A. AML B. CML C. ALL D. JMML (Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia)

Correct answer : D. JMML (Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia)

Children with NF1 have a 200-500 times increased incidence of JMML.

Paediatrics MCQ 72 Protective effects of breast milk

The protective effects of breast milk are known to be associated with: A. IgM antibodies B. Lysozyme C. Mast cells D. IgA antibodies Correct answer : D. IgA antibodies Although breast milk contains both breast milk and antibodies; antibodies play the major role in providing immunity. Breast fed babies have lower incidence of diarrhoea, otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis.

Paediatrics MCQ 71 Management of birth asphyxia

All of the following therapies may be required in a 1 hour old infant with severe birth asphyxia except: A. Glucose B. Dexamethasone C. Calcium gluconate D. Normal saline

Correct answer : B. Dexamethasone Steroids should not be used in management of infants with asphyxia.

Paediatrics MCQ 73 Karyotype of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

. The karyotype of a patient with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome is: A. 46XX B. 46XY C. 47XXY D. 45XO Correct answer : B. 46XY Androgen insensitivity is seen in genetic males (XY) who exhibit a female phenotype.

Paediatrics MCQ 72 Fetal therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Which one of the following drugs is used for fetal therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia? A. Hydrocortisone B. Prednisolone C. Fludrocortisone D. Dexamethasone Correct answer : D. Dexamethasone Dexamethasone acts by suppressing the secretion of steroids by fetal adrenals.

Paediatrics MCQ 70 Blood for neonatal thyroid screening

Blood specimen for neonatal thyroid screening is obtained on: A. Cord blood

B. 24 hours after birth C. 48 hours after birth D. 72 hours after birth Correct answer : A. Cord blood

Paediatrics MCQ 69 Neonate with vaginal bleeding

The appropriate approach to a neonate presenting with vaginal bleeding on day 4 or life is: A. Administration of vitamin K B. Investigation for bleeding disorder C. No specific therapy D. Administration of 10 ml/kg of fresh frozen plasma over 4 hours Correct answer : C. No specific therapy Vaginal bleeding can occur in 3rd 7th day after birth. It occurs due to withdrawal of maternal hormones. It usually subsides in 2-3 days. No specific treatment is required.

Paediatrics MCQ 68 Drug increasing risk of kernicterus

In unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the risk of kernicterus increases with the use of: A. Ceftriaxone B. Phenobarbitone C. Ampicillin D. Sulphonamide Correct answer : D. Sulphonamide Sulphonamide can displace bilirubin from albumin