Code No: RR312301 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Obtain an expression for the steady state Equimolal counter diffusion of two gases
starting from fundamentals? [16]
2. (a) Distinguish between Eddy and Molecular Diffusion?
(b) Explain Penetration Theory versus Two Film Theory? [8+8]
3. A liquid mixture containing 40 mole% n-Heptane and 60 mole% n-Octane is sub-
jected to differential distillation at atmospheric pressure with 60 mole% of the liquid
distilled. Compute the composition of the composited distillate and the residue.
Take relative volatility α =2.16. [16]
4. A rectification column is fed 100 kg mol/h of a mixture of 50 mol% Benzene and 50
mol% Toluene at 101.32 Kpa abs pressure. The feed is liquid at the boiling point.
The distillate is to contain 90 mol% Benzene and the bottoms 10 mol% Benzene.
The reflux ratio is 4.52:1. Calculate the kg mol/h distillate, kg mol/h bottoms and
the number of theoretical trays needed using Mc Cabe Thiele Method. [16]
5. (a) What is a plait point?
(b) Draw the flow diagram for continuous counter current multistage extraction
operation. [6+10]
6. Soyabean flakes containing 22 wt% oil are to be leached in a counter current multi-
stage to contain 0.8 kg oil/ 100 kg inert solid. Using fresh and pure hexane solvent.
For every 1000 kg soyabeans, 1000 kg Hexane is used. Experiments give the fol-
lowing retention of solution with the solids in the underflow, where N is kg inert
solid/ kg solution retained and YA is wt. fraction of oil in solution.
N 1.73 1.52 1.43
YA 0 0.20 0.30
Calculate the exit flows and compositions and the number of theoretical stages
required? [16]
7. The equilibrium adsorption of Acetone vapour on an activated carbon at 300 C and
1 atm is given by the following data
gm adsorbed / gm carbon 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.35 0.38
Partial pressure of Acetone mm Hg 0 2 12 42 92 120

The vapour pressure of Acetone at 350 C is 283 mm Hg. A one liter flask contains air
and Acetone vapour at 1 atm and 300 C with a relative saturation of the vapour of

1 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 1
35%. Two grams of fresh activated carbon is introduced into the flask and the flask
is sealed. Calculate the final vapour concentration at 300 C and the final pressure.
Neglect the adsorption of air. [16]

8. (a) Explain with a sketch the general membrane separation process.

(b) Classify the membrane processes based on the driving force.
(c) Differentiate between Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis. [6+5+5]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Obtain an expression for the steady state Equimolal counter diffusion of two gases
starting from fundamentals? [16]

2. (a) Distinguish between Eddy and Molecular Diffusion?

(b) Explain Penetration Theory versus Two Film Theory? [8+8]

3. An equimolar mixture of A and B is flash distilled such that 65% of the feed is in
product distillate of the total moles fed. Compute the composition of the distillate
and residue. Vapour liquid equilibrium data is as follows.

X (mole) % 8 10 20 30 40 50 70 80 95
Y (mole) % 37 42 58 67 73 78 87 96 98

x and y represent the composition of A in liquid and vapour phase respectively.[16]

4. A rectification column is fed 100 kg mol/h of a mixture of 50 mol% Benzene and 50

mol% Toluene at 101.32 Kpa abs pressure. The feed is liquid at the boiling point.
The distillate is to contain 90 mol% Benzene and the bottoms 10 mol% Benzene.
The reflux ratio is 4.52:1. Calculate the kg mol/h distillate, kg mol/h bottoms and
the number of theoretical trays needed using Mc Cabe Thiele Method. [16]

5. Nicotine in water containing 1% nicotine is to be extracted with kerosene at 200 C

water and kerosene are insoluble. Estimate the percentage extraction of Nicotine.

(a) If 100 kg of feed solution is extracted in a single stage with 150 kg of solvent.
(b) If 100 kg of feed solution is extracted in three theoretical stages using 50 kg
of fresh solvent in each stage. [8+8]

6. Crushed oil seeds containing 55% oil (by weight) is to be extracted at the rate
of 4000 kg/hr using 100 kg/min of n-hexane containing 5% oil (by weight) as the
solvent. A counter current two stage extraction system is employed. The oil seeds
will retain 1 kg of solution per kg of oil free cake. Estimate the percent recovery of
oil obtained under the above conditions? [16]

7. (a) Explain in detail break through curve and its significance?

(b) Indicate how rate of adsorption in fixed beds is estimated. [8+8]

8. A liquid containing solute A at a concentration C1 = 3 ×10−2 kg mol/m3 is flowing

rapidly by a membrane of thickness L=3.0×10−5 m. The distribution coefficient
K′ =1.5 and DAB = 7.0 × 10−11 m2 /s in the membrane. The solute diffuses through

1 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 2
the membrane and its concentration on the other side is C2 = 0.50×10−2 kgmol/m3 .
The mass transfer coefficient KC1 is large and can be considered as infinite and
KC2 =2.02 ×10−5 kmol/m2 s mol fraction. Calculate the flux and the concentrations
at the membrane interfaces? [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Obtain an expression for the steady state Equimolal counter diffusion of two gases
starting from fundamentals? [16]
2. Prove (or) show the following relationships starting with the equation.
(a) Convert K′C to KY and KG .
(b) Convert KL to Kx and K′ x .
(c) Convert KG to KY and KC . [6+5+5]
3. A liquid feed consisting of 1200 kg moles of mixture containing 30% Naphthalene
and 70% Dipropylene Glycol is differentially distilled at 100 mm Hg pressure and
final distillate contains 55% of Naphthalene. The VLE data are
X 8.4 11.6 2.8 50.6 68.7 80.6 88
Y 22.3 41.1 62.9 74.8 80.2 84.4 88
(a) Determine the amount of distillate.
(b) Determine the concentration of Naphthalene in residue and distillate? [8+8]
4. A rectification column is fed 100 kg mol/h of a mixture of 50 mol% Benzene and 50
mol% Toluene at 101.32 Kpa abs pressure. The feed is liquid at the boiling point.
The distillate is to contain 90 mol% Benzene and the bottoms 10 mol% Benzene.
The reflux ratio is 4.52:1. Calculate the kg mol/h distillate, kg mol/h bottoms and
the number of theoretical trays needed using Mc Cabe Thiele Method. [16]
5. Explain the following co-ordinate systems?
(a) Rectangular co-ordinate system.
(b) Triangular co-ordinate system.
(c) Rectangular co-ordinate system on solvent free basis. [5+5+6]
6. Soyabean flakes containing 22 wt% oil are to be leached in a counter current multi-
stage to contain 0.8 kg oil/ 100 kg inert solid. Using fresh and pure hexane solvent.
For every 1000 kg soyabeans, 1000 kg Hexane is used. Experiments give the fol-
lowing retention of solution with the solids in the underflow, where N is kg inert
solid/ kg solution retained and YA is wt. fraction of oil in solution.
N 1.73 1.52 1.43
YA 0 0.20 0.30
Calculate the exit flows and compositions and the number of theoretical stages
required? [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 3
7. Discuss about fixed bed adsorption and its application in food industry. [16]

8. (a) Explain types of flow in gas permeation.

(b) In what way pervaporation is different from other membrane separations, ex-
plain. [8+8]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Obtain an expression for the steady state Equimolal counter diffusion of two gases
starting from fundamentals? [16]

2. (a) Distinguish between Eddy and Molecular Diffusion?

(b) Explain Penetration Theory versus Two Film Theory? [8+8]

3. A continuous fractionating column has to be designed for separating a liquid mix-

ture of 4050 kg/hr containing equimolar amounts of Methanol. The feed is vapourised.
Calculate

(a) Molar flow rate of overhead and bottom product.

(b) The number of Actual plates assuming tray efficiency of 0.7
(c) Use a reflux ratio of 1.75 times the minimum reflux, locate the feed tray.
Equilibrium Data
X 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Y 0.417 0.579 0.669 0.729 0.780 0.825 0.879 0.915 0.959
[5+5+6]

4. A rectification column is fed 100 kg mol/h of a mixture of 50 mol% Benzene and 50

mol% Toluene at 101.32 Kpa abs pressure. The feed is liquid at the boiling point.
The distillate is to contain 90 mol% Benzene and the bottoms 10 mol% Benzene.
The reflux ratio is 4.52:1. Calculate the kg mol/h distillate, kg mol/h bottoms and
the number of theoretical trays needed using Mc Cabe Thiele Method. [16]

5. With the help of neat sketches, explain briefly the various types of commercial
extraction equipment. [16]

6. A counter current multiple contact extraction system is treat 50 tons/hr of wet

mass fraction. Water ∼0.48, pulp ∼0.04, and sugar ∼0.20. The strong solution
leaving the system is to contain 0.15 mass fraction of sugar and 97% sugar in the
sliced beets is to be removed. Determine the number of cells required assuming
equilibrium between the under flow and overflow from each cell, if each ton of pulp
retains 3 tons of water. [16]

7. (a) Explain in detail break through curve and its significance?

(b) Indicate how rate of adsorption in fixed beds is estimated. [8+8]

8. Explain:

1 of 2
Code No: RR312301 Set No. 4
(a) Effects of pressure ratio and separation factor on recovery.
(b) Effects of process flow patterns on separation and area. [8+8]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2