Comparison of wireless data standards - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Comparison of wireless data standards

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A comparison of wireless data standards can be made by several different measures.

Contents
1 Introduction 2 Standards 2.1 Wide Area (WAN) 2.2 Local Area (WLAN) 2.3 Personal Area (WPAN) 2.4 Wireless Video Networks (WVAN-TV) 2.5 Vehicle Area (WVAN) 3 Overview 4 Peak bit rate and throughput 5 Latency 6 Spectral use and efficiency 6.1 Frequency 6.2 Notes 7 Deployment size 8 See also 9 References 10 External links

Introduction
A wide variety of different wireless data technologies exist, some in direct competition with one another, others designed for specific applications. Wireless technologies can be evaluated by a variety of different metrics described below. Standards can be grouped as follows: UWB, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Wireless USB are intended for use as wireless personal area network (PAN) systems. They are intended for short range communication between devices typically controlled by a single person. A keyboard might communicate with a computer, or a mobile phone with a handsfree kit, using any of these technologies. Wi-Fi is a product name for a system intended for a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). A WLAN is an implementation of a LAN over a microcellular wireless system. Such systems are used to provide wireless Internet access (and access to other systems on the local network such as other computers, shared printers, and other such devices) throughout a local area. Typically a WLAN offers much better rate and latency than the user's Internet access, being designed for local communication. While Wi-Fi may be offered in many places as an Internet access system, access speeds are usually more limited by the shared Internet connection and number of users than the technology itself. Other systems that provide WLAN functionality include DECT and HIPERLAN. GPRS, EDGE and 1xRTT evolved from 2G cellular systems, providing Internet access to users of existing 2G networks. Both EDGE and 1xRTT are 3G standards, as defined by the ITU, but are generally deployed on existing networks. 3G systems such as EV-DO, W-CDMA (including HSDPA and HSUPA) provide combined circuit switched and packet switched data and voice services, usually at better data rates than the 2G extensions. All of these services can be used to provide combined mobile phone access and Internet access at remote locations. Typically GPRS and 1xRTT provide stripped down, mobile phone oriented, Internet access, such as WAP, multimedia messaging, and the downloading of ring-tones, whereas EV-DO and HSDPA's higher speeds make them suitable for use as a broadband replacement. Pure packet-switched only systems can be created using 3G network technologies, and UMTS-TDD is one example of this. Alternatively, next generation systems such as WiMAX also provide pure packet switched services with no need to support the circuit switching services required for voice systems. WiMAX is available in multiple configurations, including both NLOS and LOS variants. UMTS-TDD, WiMAX, and proprietary systems such as Canopy are used by Wireless ISPs to provide broadband access without the need for direct cable access to the end user. Some systems are designed for point-to-point line-of-sight communications, once 2 such nodes get too far apart they can no longer communicate. Other systems are designed to form a wireless mesh network using one of a variety of routing protocols. In a mesh network, when nodes get too far apart to communicate directly, they can still communicate indirectly through intermediate nodes.

Standards
The following standards are included in this comparison.

Wide Area (WAN)

RTT EDGE EV-DO x1 Rev 0, Rev A, Rev B and x3 standards. Flash-OFDM: FLASH(Fast Low-latency Access with Seamless Handoff)-OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) GPRS HSPA D and U standards.

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iBurst LTE UMTS over W-CDMA UMTS-TDD Wi-Fi: 802.11 standard WiMAX: 802.16 standard

Local Area ( WLAN)

Wi-Fi: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac standards.

Personal Area (WPAN)

Bluetooth V4.0 with standard protocol and with low energy protocol Wibree IEEE 802.15.4-2006 Wireless USB UWB 6loWPAN ONE-NET

Wireless Video Networks (WVAN- TV)

Currently no common nor standardised use of this term with IETF or IEEE. See WVAN-TV

Vehicle Area ( WVAN)

There is currently no common use of this term with IETF or IEEE. See[1]

Overview

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Common Name HSPA+

Family

Primary Use Used in 4G

Comparison of Mobile Internet Access methods Downstream Upstream Radio Tech (Mbit/ s) (Mbit/ s) CDMA/FDD MIMO 21 42 84 672 100 Cat3 150 Cat4 300 Cat5 (in 20 MHz FDD) [2] 37 (10 MHz TDD) 5.8 11.5 22 168

Notes HSPA+ is widely deployed. Revision 11 of the 3GPP states that HSPA+ is expected to have a throughput capacity of 672 Mbps.

3GPP

LTE

3GPP

General 4G

OFDMA/MIMO /SC-FDMA

50 Cat3/4 LTE-Advanced update expected to offer 75 Cat5 (in 20 MHz peak rates up to 1 Gbit/s fixed speeds and 100 Mb/s to mobile users. FDD)[2] 17 (10 MHz With 2x2 MIMO.[3] TDD)

WiMax rel 1

802.16

WirelessMAN

MIMO-SOFDMA

WiMax rel 1.5 802.16-2009 WirelessMAN

MIMO-SOFDMA

46 (20 MHz 83 (20 MHz TDD) With 2x2 MIMO.Enhanced with 20Mhz TDD) 138 [3] 141 (2x20 MHz (2x20 MHz channels in 802.16-2009 FDD) FDD) 2x2 MIMO 110 (20 MHz TDD) 183 (2x20 MHz FDD) 4x4 MIMO 219 (20 MHz TDD) 365 (2x20 MHz FDD) 5.3 10.6 15.9 2x2 MIMO 70 (20 MHz TDD) 188 (2x20 MHz Also low mobility users can aggregate FDD) multiple channels for up to DL 4x4 MIMO [3] 140(20 MHz throughput 1Gbps TDD) 376 (2x20 MHz FDD) 1.8 3.6 5.4 56.9 Antenna, RF front end enhancements and minor protocol timer tweaks have helped deploy long range P2P networks compromising on radial coverage, throughput and/or spectra efficiency 288.8 (using 4x4 configuration in 20 MHz (310 km (http://www.alvarion.com bandwidth) or 600 (using 4x4 /index.php/en/news-a-events/globalconfiguration in 40 MHz press-releases/948-worlds-longest-wi-fibandwidth) connection-made-by-the-swedish-spacecorporation) & 382 km (http://www.eslared.org.ve/articulos /Long%20Distance%20WiFi%20Trial.pdf) ) Cell Radius: 312 km Speed: 250 km/h Spectral Efficiency: 13 bits/s/Hz/cell Spectrum Reuse Factor: "1" 3GPP Release 7 HSDPA is widely deployed. Typical downlink rates today 2 Mbit/s, ~200 kbit/s uplink; HSPA+ downlink up to 56 Mbit/s. Reported speeds according to IPWireless (http://www.ipwireless.com/technology/) using 16QAM modulation similar to HSDPA+HSUPA 0.15 1.8 1.8xN Rev B note: N is the number of 1.25 MHz chunks of spectrum used. EV-DO is not designed for voice, and requires a fallback to 1xRTT when a voice call is placed or received. Mobile range 30 km (18 miles) extended range 55 km (34 miles)

WiMAX rel 2

802.16m

WirelessMAN

MIMO-SOFDMA

Flash-OFDM HIPERMAN

Mobile Internet mobility up to Flash-OFDM Flash-OFDM 200 mph (350 km/h) HIPERMAN Mobile Internet OFDM

Wi-Fi

802.11 (11n)

Mobile Internet OFDM/MIMO

iBurst EDGE Evolution

802.20

Mobile Internet HC-SDMA/TDD/MIMO 95

36

GSM

Mobile Internet TDMA/FDD CDMA/FDD CDMA/FDD/MIMO

1.6 0.384 14.4

0.5 0.384 5.76

UMTS UMTS/3GSM General 3G W-CDMA HSDPA+HSUPA

UMTS-TDD

UMTS/3GSM Mobile Internet CDMA/TDD

16

EV-DO Rel. 0 EV-DO Rev. A CDMA2000 EV- DO Rev.B

Mobile Internet CDMA/FDD

2.45 3.1 4.9xN

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Common Name

Family

Primary Use

Radio Tech

Downstream (Mbit/ s)

Upstream (Mbit/ s)

Notes

Notes: All speeds are theoretical maximums and will vary by a number of factors, including the use of external antennae, distance from the tower and the ground speed (e.g. communications on a train may be poorer than when standing still). Usually the bandwidth is shared between several terminals. The performance of each technology is determined by a number of constraints, including the spectral efficiency of the technology, the cell sizes used, and the amount of spectrum available. For more information, see Comparison of wireless data standards. For more comparison tables, see bit rate progress trends, comparison of mobile phone standards, spectral efficiency comparison table and OFDM system comparison table.

Peak bit rate and throughput

The peak bit rate of the standard is the net bit rate provided by the physical layer in the fastest transmission mode (using the fastest modulation scheme and error code), excluding forward error correction coding and other physical layer overhead. In practice, higher layer overhead causes the maximum throughput to be lower than the peak data rate. The typical throughput however is hard to measure, and depends on many protocol issues such as transmission schemes (slower schemes are used at longer distance from the access point), packet retransmissions and packet size. The real throughput is even lower because of other traffic sharing the same network or cell, and other facts. For PAN and LAN standards like WiFi these levels of performance are attainable under ideal radio conditions (that is, a complete lack of interference and at close range without obstacles). For WAN standards, though, these figures are often impractical to achieve (for instance they assume you are the only user in the cell) or are not implemented or provisioned by any providers in such a way. The typical throughput is what users have experienced most of the time when well within the usable range to the base station. This value is not known for the newest experimental standards. Note that these figures cannot be used to predict the performance of any given standard in any given environment, but rather as benchmarks against which actual experience might be compared. Bit rate (Mbit/ s) Peak Uplink Range 0.1536 0.1536 1.8000 1.8000 0.0428 0.4736 0.9472 0.3840 0.3840 5.7600 22.000 16.000 86.4 8 1.8 70.000 54 11 54 600 1300 ~12km (7.5 mi) ~29km (18 mi) ~6.4km (4 mi) ~30m ~30m ~30m ~50m >2 avg 2.5[citation needed] >10[citation needed] 20 5[citation needed] 20[citation needed] ~29km (18 mi) ~29km (18 mi) ~29km (18 mi) ~29km (18 mi) ~26km (16 mi) ~26km (16 mi) ~26km (16 mi) ~29km (18 mi) 0.195[citation needed] up to 200km (124 mi)[3] 4.1[citation needed] (Tre 2007) up to 200km (124 mi)[3] up to 200km (124 mi)[3] 0.014[citation needed] 0.034[citation needed]

Standard CDMA RTT 1x CDMA EV-DO Rev. 0 CDMA EV-DO Rev. A CDMA EV-DO Rev. B GSM GPRS Class 10 GSM EDGE type 2 GSM EDGE Evolution UMTS W-CDMA R99 UMTS W-CDMA HSDPA UMTS W-CDMA HSUPA UMTS W-CDMA HSPA+ UMTS-TDD LTE iBurst: iBurst

Peak Downlink 0.3072 2.4580 3.1000 4.9000 0.0856 0.4736 1.8944 0.3840 14.400 14.400 42.000 16.000[4] 326.4 24

Typical Downlink throughput 0.125 0.75[citation needed]

Flash-OFDM: Flash-OFDM 5.3 WiMAX: 802.16e WiFi: 802.11a WiFi: 802.11b WiFi: 802.11g WiFi: 802.11n WiFi: 802.11ac 70.000 54 11 54 600 1300

Downlink is the throughput from the base station to the user handset or computer. Uplink is the throughput from the user handset or computer to the base station. Range is the maximum range possible to receive data at 25% of the typical rate.

Latency
The latency is the time taken for the smallest packet to travel between the user terminal and base station including average time for checking, correcting and repetition.

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Spectral use and efficiency

Frequency
Allocated Frequencies Frequencies 850 MHz, 1. 9, 1.9/2.1, and 1.7/2.1 GHz 450, 850 MHz, 1.9, 2, 2. 5, and 3.5 GHz 2 GHz
[5]

Standard UMTS over W- CDMA UMTS- TDD

Spectrum Type Licensed (Cellular/PCS/3G/AWS) Licensed (Cellular, 3G TDD, BRS/IMT-ext, FWA) Unlicensed (see note) Licensed (Cellular/PCS/3G/AWS) Licensed (Cellular/PCS/PCN) Licensed Licensed Licensed Unlicensed 802.11a and ISM Unlicensed ISM Unlicensed ISM Unlicensed ISM Unlicensed ISM Unlicensed Ultrawideband Unlicensed ISM Unlicensed ISM

CDMA2000 ( inc. EV- DO, 1xRTT) 450, 850, 900 MHz 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.1 GHz EDGE/ GPRS iBurst Flash - OFDM 802. 16e 802. 11a 802. 11b/ g/ n Bluetooth Wibree 802. 15. 4 Wireless USB , UWB VEmesh* EnOcean * 850 MHz 900 MHz 1.8 GHz 1.9 GHz 1.8, 1. 9 and 2. 1 GHz 450 and 870 MHz 2.3, 2.5, 3. 5, 3.7 and 5.8 GHz 5.25, 5.6 and 5.8 GHz 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 2.4 GHz 3. 1 to 10.6 GHz 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 953 MHz 868.3 MHz

Notes
Where EnOcean and VEmesh are proprietary solutions. Where X/YxHz is used (e.g. 1.7/2.1 GHz), the first frequency is used for the uplink channels and the second for the downlink channels. Unlicensed frequencies vary in how they can be used. 802.11a can make use of both 802.11a-only spectrum and ISM spectrum around 56 GHz. A portion of the 2010 MHz spectrum is allocated to unlicensed UMTS-TDD in Europe, but cannot be used for other standards, whereas ISM bands can generally be used for any technology. This improved flexibility does have the downside that ISM bands are often over-used with incompatible, interfering, technologies. Unlicensed bands vary from country to country. Most have a 2.4 GHz ISM band, but other bands are only available in certain countries and non ISM bands have restrictions as noted above. In Europe, part of the 2 GHz 3G TDD band is designated as unlicensed, but where available is restricted to UMTS TDD operation.[6] To date, this has been left unused and some jurisdictions are re-allocating it to licensed use only. AMPS/CDMA users tend to refer to 850 MHz band as 800 MHz, whereas 850 MHz is closer and is used by the GSM/UMTS community. For consistency, it is referred to here as 850 MHz.

Deployment size
Allocated Spectrum per Channel ( MHz) Spectrum Standard Total Uplink Downlink iBurst 802. 16e 802. 11a 802. 11b 802. 11g 802. 11n EVDO 1x A EVDO 3x B UMTS ( W- CDMA) UMTS- TDD 5 10 20 20 20 20 or 40 2 .5 10 10 5 1.25 5 5 5/TDD 1.25 5 5 5/TDD Variable Variable Spectral efficiency
( Bits per second per Hz)

Standard iBurst 802. 16e EVDO 1x A EVDO 3x B HSDPA HSUPA

Downlink Uplink 4. 88 1. 91 0. 85 0. 93 0. 78 0. 78 1. 59 0. 84 0. 36 0. 28 0. 14 0. 30

See also
Comparison of mobile phone standards List of device bandwidths OFDM system comparison table Spectral efficiency comparison table

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References
1. ^ [www.motorola.com/staticfiles/.../Multi-net%20Mobility_FAQ.pdf] 2. ^ a b "LTE" (http:// www.3gpp.org/article/lte) . 3GPP web site. 2009. http://www.3gpp.org/article/lte. Retrieved August 20, 2011. 3. ^ a b c d e f "WiMAX and the IEEE 802.16m Air Interface Standard" (http://www.wimaxforum.org/ sites/wimaxforum.org/files/document_library /wimax_802.16m.pdf) . WiMax Forum. 4 April 2010. http://www.wimaxforum.org/sites/wimaxforum.org/files/document_library/wimax_802.16m.pdf. Retrieved 2012-02-07. 4. ^ IPWireless (http:// www.ipwireless.com/technology/) 5. ^ UMTS-TDD developer's frequency notes (http://www.ipwireless.com/ technology/ frequency.html) 6. ^ ERC/DEC/(99)25 EU Recommendation on UMTS TDD (http://www.ero.dk/documentation/docs/doc98/ official/pdf/DEC9925E.PDF) , Annex 1, points 5 and 6

External links
iBurst - Information (http://global.kyocera.com/prdct/telecom/office/iburst/index.html) Flash-OFDM - Information & Overview (http://www.qualcomm.com/products_services/networks/flash-ofdm/overview.html) Mobile WiMAX - Part I: A Technical Overview and Performance Evaluation (http://www.wimaxforum.org/news/downloads /Mobile_WiMAX_Part1_Overview_and_Performance.pdf) Mobile WiMAX Part II: A Comparative Analysis (http://www.wimaxforum.org/news/downloads /Mobile_WiMAX_Part2_Comparative_ Analysis.pdf) 802.11b/a - A physical medium comparison (http://rfdesign.com/mag/radio_ba_physical_medium/) A Comparison of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 (http://www.btdesigner.com/pdfs/KenNoblittComparison.pdf) WLAN Trainer at different speeds (http://tetcos.com/lant.html) IEEE 802.11 Standard Overview (http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=19825) The Next Generation of Wireless LAN Emerges with 802.11n (http://www.intel.com/technology/magazine/communications/wi08041.pdf) Mobile Broadband: The Global Evolution of UMTS/HSPA 3GPP Release 7 and Beyond (http://www.3gamericas.org /pdfs/UMTS_Rel7_Beyond_ Dec2006.pdf) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparison_of_wireless_data_ standards&oldid=482358998" Categories: Computing comparisons Wireless networking Telecommunications standards This page was last modified on 17 March 2012 at 12:38. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

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