Technical Data

2. Bearing Selection, and Shaft and Housing Design

1 Bearing selection
Generally, the optimal bearing must be selected to suit the nature of the machine, the area within the machine, the spindle specification, bearing type, lubrication system and drive system of the intended machine through considerations of the design life, precision, rigidity and critical speed, etc. of the bearing. Table 2.1 summarizes a typical bearing selection procedure, and Table 2.2 gives an example flowchart according to which considerations are made to select an optimal main spindle bearing for a machine tool.

Table 2.1 Bearing selection procedure

Step Items being considered Function and construction of components to house bearings Bearing mounting location Dimensional limitations Magnitude and direction of bearing load Magnitude of vibration and shock load Shaft speed Bearing arrangement (fixed side, floating side) Design life of components to house bearings Dynamic/static equivalent load conditions Shaft runout tolerances Torque fluctuation Material and shape of shaft and housing Fit Temperature difference between inner and outer rings Rotational speed Noise level Operating temperature Rotational speed Lubrication method Noise and torque of the bearing Bearing operating temperature range Bearing rigidity Installation / disassembly requirements Maintenance and inspection Cost-effectiveness Allowable misalignment of inner/outer rings Safety factor So Allowable speed Allowable axial load Items being confirmed

Confirm operating conditions of bearing and consider bearing type.

Determine bearing type and arrangement.

Select bearing dimensions.

Determine bearing dimensions.

Select bearing tolerances.

High-speed operation

Decide bearing grade.

Select bearing internal clearance.

Allowable misalignment of inner/outer rings Magnitude and nature of load Amount of preload

Decide bearing internal clearance.

Select cage.

Vibration and shock load Lubrication Sealing method Maintenance and inspection

Cage type

Select lubrication method.

Decide lubrication method, lubricant, and sealing method.

Consider special specifications.

Operating conditions (special environments: high or low temperature, chemical) Requirement for high reliability Mounting dimensions Installation and disassembly procedures

Decide special bearing specifications.

Select installation and disassembly procedures.

Decide installation and disassembly procedures.

Technical Data

Table 2.2 Bearing selection procedure

Users requirements
Max. speed Main spindle size Lubrication system

NG Bearing size. Consideration about allowable dmn value. Consideration about fit. Consideration about tightening force for inner ring spacer. Consideration about drive-up of front cover. Estimation of bearing internal preload at maximum speed and consideration about bearing initial clearance according to NTNs bearing selection guideline. Finalization of bearing specifications. Consideration about rigidity of bearing and main spindle. Consideration about bearing life. OK

Finalization of main spindle specifications

The articles necessary for basic considerations in selecting an optimal main spindle bearing for machine tool will be as summarized in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3 Selection procedure for bearings on main spindles of machine tools
(1) Type of Machine (2) Main spindle orientation (3) Diameter and size of main spindle NC Lathe, machining center, grinding machine, etc. Vertical, horizontal, variable-direction, inclined, etc. #30, #40, #50, etc.

d1

d2 d3 d4

Bearing type/Bearing number

Fr1
Rotar (Weight m)

Fr (4) Shape and mounting-related dimensions of main spindle Fa

Pulley

Fm

d5-1 d5

Main spindle inner diameter

d6-1 d6

Main spindle inner diameter

Main spindle outer diameter

Main spindle outer diameter

Fig. 2.1 Main spindle shape and mounting-related dimensions (example) (5) Intended bearing type, bearing size, and preloading method (6) Slide system free side (7) Lubrication method (8) Drive system
of jacket cooling (9) Presence/absence arrangement on bearing area

Front (angular contact type, cylindrical roller type) or rear (angular contact type, cylindrical roller type) preloading system (fixed-position preloading, fixed-pressure preloading) Cylindrical roller bearing, ball bushing (availability of cooling) Grease, air-oil, oil mist (MicronLub) Built-in motor, belt drive, coupling Yes/No Synchronization with room temperature, machine-to-machine synchronization, oil feed rate (L/min) Max. speed (min-1)

(10) Jacket cooling conditions

(11) Operating speed range

Normal speed range (min-1) Operating speed range (min-1) Load center Applied load Radial load Fr (N) Axial load Fa (N)

(12) Load conditions (machining conditions)

Speed Machining frequency Intended bearing life

d7

Technical Data

2 Bearing accuracy
Bearing accuracy
Accuracies of rolling bearings, that is, dimensional accuracy and running accuracy of rolling bearings are defined by applicable ISO standards and JIS B 1514 standard (Rolling bearings - Tolerances) (Tables 2.4 and 2.5). The dimensional accuracy governs the tolerances that must be satisfied when mounting a bearing to a shaft or housing, while the running accuracy defines a permissible run-out occurring when rotating a bearing by one revolution. Methods for measuring the accuracy of rolling bearings (optional methods) are described in JIS B 1515 (Measuring methods for rolling bearings). Table 2.6 summarizes some typical methods for measuring running accuracy of rolling bearings.

Table 2.4 Bearing types and applicable tolerance

Bearing type Angular contact ball bearings Cylindrical roller bearigns Needle roller bearings Metric Tapered roller bearings Inch J series Double direction angular contact thrust ball bearings JIS B 1514 ANSI/ABMA Std.19 ANSI/ABMA Std.19.1 JIS B 1514 ISO492 Applicable standard Class 0 Class 0 Class 0 Class 0,6X Class 4 Class K Class 6 class 6 class 6 class 6 Class 2 Class N Tolerance class Class 5 Class 5 Class 5 Class 5 Class 3 Class C Class 5 Class 4 Class 4 Class 4 Class 4 Class 0 Class B Class 4 Class 2 Class 2 Class 00 Class A

NTN standard

Table 2.5. Comparison of tolerance classifications of national standards

Standard
Japanese industrial standard (JIS)

Applicable standerd JIS B 1514 ISO 492 Class 0,6X

Normal class Class 6X

Tolerance Class Class 6 Class 5 Class 4 Class 2 Class 2 All type

Bearing Types

Class 6 Class 5 Class 4 Class 6 Class 5 Class 4

Radial bearings Thrust ball bearings

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO 199 ISO 578 ISO 1224

Normal Class Class 4

P2

P0
1

P6

Class 3 Class 0 Class 00 Tapered roller bearings (Inch series) Class 5A Class 4A P5 P4 Precision instrument bearings All type

Deutsches Institut fur Normung(DIN)

DIN 620 ANSI/ABMA Std.20 ANSI/ABMA Std.19.1 ANSI/ABMA Std.19

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

American Bearing Manufacturer's Association (ABMA)

ABEC-1 RBEC-1 Class K Class 4

Radial bearings ABEC-3 ABEC-5 ABEC-7 ABEC-9 (Except tapered roller bearings) RBEC-3 RBEC-5 Class N Class C Class B Class A Tapered roller bearings (Metric series) Class 2 Class 3 Class 0 Class 00 Tapered roller bearings (Inch series)

1 "ABEC" is applied for ball bearings and "RBEC" for roller bearings. Notes 1: JIS B 1514, ISO 492 and 199, and DIN 620 have the same specification level. 2: The tolerance and allowance of JIS B 1514 are a little different from those of ABMA standards.

Technical Data

To attain a higher level of running accuracy required of a main spindle of machine tool, a high-precision bearing that satisfies the user's main spindle specifications must be chosen. Usually, a highprecision bearing per JIS accuracy class 5, 4 or 2 is selected according to an intended application. In particular, the radial run-out, axial run-out and nonrepetitive run-out of a main spindle bearing greatly affect the running accuracy of the main spindle and therefore have to be strictly controlled. With the recent super high-precision machine tools, the control of N.R.R.O. (Non-Repetitive Run-Out) has increasing

importance, and the main spindle on a turning machine or machining center incorporates an N.R.R.O. accuracy controlled bearing. For further information about N.R.R.O., refer to the following section. Note that to attain a higher accuracy with a main spindle, careful considerations need to be exercised for the accuracies (circularity, cylindricity, coaxiality) of machine components other than a bearing (shaft, housing) as well as machining method and finish accuracy of the shaft and housing. For the information about the accuracies of shaft and housing, refer to a section given later.

Table 2.6 Measuring methods for running accuracies Characteristic tolerance

Measuring load

Measurement method
Measuring load

Inner ring radial runout (Kia)

Radial runout of the inner ring is the difference between the maximum and minimum reading of the measuring device when the inner ring is turned one revolution.

Measuring load

Measuring load

Outer ring radial runout (Kea)

Radial runout of the outer ring is the difference between the maximum and minimum reading of the measuring device when the outer ring is turned one revolution.

Measuring load

Measuring load

Inner ring axial runout (Sia)

Axial runout of the inner ring is the difference between the maximum and minimum reading of the measuring device when the inner ring is turned one revolution.

Measuring load

Measuring load

Outer ring axial runout (Sea)

Axial runout of the outer ring is the difference between the maximum and minimum reading of the measuring device when the outer ring is turned one revolution.

Inner ring side runout with bore (Sd)

Inner ring side runout with bore is the difference between the maximum and minimum reading of the measuring device when the inner ring is turned one revolution together with the tapered mandrel.

1.2rs max

Outer ring outside surface inclination (SD)

1.2rs max Reinforcing plate

Outer ring outside surface inclination is the difference between the maximum and minimum reading of the measuring device when the outside ring is turned one revolution along the reinforcing plate.

Technical Data

N.R.R.O. (Non-Repetitive Run-Out) of bearing

Accuracies of rolling bearings are defined by applicable ISO standards and a JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) standard, wherein the accuracies are discussed under the descriptions of radial run-out (Kia), axial run-out (Sia), etc. According to the methods for measuring running accuracies in Table 2.6, any runout is read by turning a bearing by one revolution (each reading is a run-out accuracy that is in synchronization with revolution of a bearing being analyzed). In fact, however, a rolling bearing for machine tool is used in a continuous revolving motion that involves more than one revolution. As a result, an actual run-out accuracy with a rolling bearing includes elements that are not synchronous with the revolution of bearing (for example, a difference in diameter among rolling elements involved, as well as roundness on the raceway surfaces of inner ring and outer ring), causing the trajectory of plotting with running accuracies to vary with each revolution. A run-out of an element not in synchronization with the revolutions of bearing is known as N.R.R.O. (NonRepetitive Run-Out) and is equivalent to the amplitude in the Lissajous figure illustrated in Fig. 2.3. The effect of N.R.R.O. on a rolling bearing onto the accuracies is illustrated in Fig. 2.4 by taking a main spindle of turning machine as an example. This diagram illustrates a machining process where the outside surface of a work piece mounted to the main spindle is shaved by a turning operation. If the outside surface is cut with a new trajectory with every revolution, the outside shape of work piece will be distorted. Furthermore, if the accuracies of shaft and housing are not high enough or bearings are assembled onto the shaft and/or housing improperly, the bearing ring can be deformed, possibly leading to a run-out that is not in synchronization with the revolutions of bearing.

1st revolution 2nd revolution 3rd revolution

Revolution-synchronized vibration only

Non-revolution-synchronized vibration only

Fig. 2.2

Cutting tool

Distortion of work piece shape

10m

Fig. 2.4 Model of cutting operation

Non-repetitive run-out

Fig. 2.3 Lissajous figure

Technical Data

Accuracies of shaft and housing

Depending on the fit of bearing to a shaft and a housing, the bearing internal clearance can vary. For this reason, an adequate bearing fit has to be attained so that the bearing can perform as designed. (Refer to the recommended fit section.) Also, the axial tightening torque on a bearing needs to be considered. To avoid deformation of bearing raceway surface owing to axial tightening of the bearing, it is necessary to carefully determine the dimensions of components associated with a tightening force; the magnitude of tightening force; and a number of tightening bolts. The clearance on a tapered bore cylindrical roller bearing is adjusted by changing a drive-up to the taper. Because of this, the critical factors associated with an appropriate fit of bearing to a shaft and/or a housing are the dimensional accuracies of taper, contact surface on the taper, and the squareness of the end face of inner ring relative to the shaft centerline during a drive-up process. Typical accuracy values with a spindle and housing are summarized in Tables 2.7 and 2.8.

Example of accuracy with spindle housing

Table 2.8 Form accuracy of housing
1

A t3 AB Da t t1 AB

B t3 Db t t1 AB t4 A
2

AB

Accuracy Deviation from circular form Angularity

Symbol

Tolerance3

Fundamental permissible tolerance IT P5 P4 IT2 2 IT2 2 IT3 P2 IT1 2 IT1 2 IT2

IT3 2 IT3 2 IT3

t1

Example of accuracy with spindle

Run out

t3

Table 2.7 Form accuracy of spindle 1

t t1 A da

Eccent ricity B db
2

t4

IT5

IT4

IT3

AB

t3 AB t2 AB t

t4 A

1 The form tolerance, symbol and reference face of the housing are in accordance with ISO R1101. 2 The length of the bearing fit surface is often too small to measure concentricity. Therefore, this criterion applies only when the fit surface has a width sufficient as a reference face. 3 Housing bore diameters Da and Db are the reference dimensions used when the tolerance for permissible form accuracy are determined. For example, when a JIS class 5 bearing is used for a housing with a 50 mm inside bore, the tolerance of roundness is t = IT3/2 = 5/2 = 2.5m.

Accuracy Deviation from circular form

Symbol

Tolerance3

Fundamental permissible tolerance IT P5 P4 IT2 2 IT2 2 IT3 2 IT3 IT3 P2 IT0 4 2 IT0 2 IT2 2 IT2
4

Fundamental tolerance IT
Table 2.9 Fundamental tolerance IT
Classification of nominal dimension mm over 6 10 18 30 50 80 120 180 250 315 400 incl. 10 18 30 50 80 120 180 250 315 400 500 Fundamental tolerance IT value m IT0 0.6 0.8 1 1 1.2 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 IT1 1 1.2 1.5 1.5 2 2.5 3.5 4.5 6 7 8 IT2 1.5 2 2.5 2.5 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 IT3 2.5 3 4 4 5 6 8 10 12 13 15 IT4 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

IT3 2 IT3 2

t1 Angularity t2

Run out Eccent ricity

t3

t4

IT5

IT4

IT3

1 The form tolerance, symbol, and reference face of spindle are in accordance with ISO R1101. 2 The length of the bearing fit surface is often too small to measure concentricity. Therefore, this criterion applies only when the fit surface has a width sufficient as a reference face. 3 When determining a tolerance for permissible form accuracy, the reference dimensions used are shaft diameters da and db. For example, when using a JIS class 5 bearing for a dia. 50 mm shaft, the tolerance of roundness is t = IT3/2 = 4/2=2 m. 4 IT0 is preferred if the diameter tolerance of the bearing fit surface is IT3.

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Technical Data

3 Bearings and rigidity

The rigidity of the main spindle of machine tool is associated with both bearing rigidity and shaft rigidity. Bearing rigidity is typically governed by the elastic deformation between the rolling elements and raceway surface under load. Usually, bearings are preloaded to increase their rigidity. With same loading conditions, a roller bearing has a higher rigidity than a ball bearing of a same size. However, having sliding portions, a roller bearing is disadvantageous in supporting a high-speed shaft. Shaft rigidity is greater with a larger shaft diameter. However, the supporting bearing must have a sufficient size and its dmn value (pitch center diameter across rolling elements dm [mm] multiplied by speed [min-1]) must be accordingly greater. Of course, a larger bearing is disadvantageous for high-speed applications. To sum up, the rigidity required of the shaft arrangement must be considered before the bearing rigidity (bearing type and preload) and shaft rigidity are determined.

To achieve both "high speed" and "high rigidity", each type of the NTN angular contact ball bearing for a machine tool is manufactured according to optimized specifications for interior structure.

60

Axial displacement (m)

2LA-HSE020C
50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

7020UC

Axial load (N)

Fig. 2.5

Material of rolling elements (ceramic and steel)

Certain NTN bearings incorporate ceramic rolling elements. As Young's modulus of silicon nitride (315 GPa) is greater than that of bearing steel (210 GPa), the rigidity with this type of bearing is accordingly greater.
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Bearings rigidity
The rigidity of a bearing built into a spindle directly affects the rigidity of the spindle. In particular, a high degree of rigidity is required of the main spindle of a machine tool to ensure adequate productivity and accurate finish of workpieces. Bearing rigidity is governed by factors such as the following: (1) Types of rolling elements (2) Size and quantity of rolling elements (3) Material of rolling elements (4) Bearing contact angle (5) Preload on bearing

Bearing steel ball

Axial displacement (m)

20 15 10 5 0 0 100

Ceramic ball

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Axial load (N)

Type of rolling elements (roller or ball)

The surface contact pattern of the rolling element and raceway is in linear contact with a roller bearing, while a ball bearing is point contact. As a result, the dynamic deformation of a bearing relative to a given load is smaller with a roller bearing.

Fig. 2.6

Bearing contact angle

A smaller contact angle on an angular contact ball bearing results in greater radial rigidity. When used as a thrust bearing, this type of bearing should have a greater contact angle to enable greater axial rigidity.
60

Size and quantity of rolling elements

The size and quantity of rolling elements of a bearing are determined based on the targeted performance of the bearing. Lager rolling elements lead to a greater bearing rigidity. However, a bearing having larger rolling elements tend to be affected by gyratory sliding centrifugal force, and, as a result, its high-speed performance will be deteriorated. Incidentally, a greater number of rolling elements helps increase bearing rigidity but at the same time means an increased number of heat generation sources, possibly leading to greater temperature rise. For this reason, much smaller rolling elements are used for high-speed applications.

Axial displacement (m)

50 40 30 20 10 0 0

2LA-HSE020CDB/GL =15 2LA-HSE020DB/GL =20 2LA-HSE020ADDB/GL =25

Axial load (N)

Fig. 2.7

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Technical Data

Preload on bearing
A greater preload on a given bearing results in greater rigidity (Fig. 2.8). Regrettably, too great preload on a bearing can lead to overheating, seizure, and/or premature wear of the bearing. It is possible to use bearings in three- or four-row configurations in order to achieve increased axial rigidity (Fig. 2.9).

Preloading technique and preload

Bearing preloading techniques can be categorized as definite position preloading and constant pressure preloading (Fig. 2.10). Definite position preloading is useful in enhancing the rigidity of a bearing unit, as the positional relationship across individual bearings can be maintained. On the other hand, as preloading is achieved with spring force, the constant pressure preloading technique can maintain a preload constant even when the bearing-to-bearing distance varies due to heat generation on the spindle or a change in load. The basic preload for a duplex bearing is given in the relevant section for each bearing. If an angular contact ball bearing is to be used for a high-speed application, such as for the main spindle of a machine tool, determine the optimal preload by considering the increase in contact surface pressure between rolling elements and the raceway surface that results from gyratory sliding and centrifugal force. When considering such an application, consult NTN Engineering.
Definite position preloading

60

Axial displacement (m)

GL, after preloading

50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1

GN, after preloading GM, after preloading

Axial load (N)

Fig. 2.8
60

Axial displacement (m)

50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1

2LA-HSE020CDB/GL 2LA-HSE020CDBT/GL 2LA-HSE020CDTBT/GL

Constant pressure preloading

Axial load (N)

Fig. 2.9 Fig. 2.10

Preload and rigidity

The effect of preloading for an increase in bearing rigidity is summarized in Fig. 2.11. When the inner rings in the diagram are tightened to bring them together, bearings!and! !are each axially displaced by dimensiono, thereby attaining a preload Fo. In this situation, if an axial load Fa is further exerted from outside, the displacement on bearing!increases bya, while the displacement on bearing! !decreases. At this point, the loads on bearings!and! !are F!and F! !, respectively. When compared with b (the displacement occurring when an axial load Fa is exerted onto a non-preloaded bearing!), displacementa is small. Thus, a preloaded bearing has higher rigidity.

Bearing@ Bearing! Fa Fo

Outer ring Ball Inner ring (1) Free from preloading o (2) Under preloading Fo a F2 a o o Inner ring axial o displacement Fo : preload Inner ring axial a displacement F1=F2+Fa

Axial load

Bearing@ b

Bearing!

Fo

Fa Fo Fa F2 1 o o 2 Axial displacement F1

(3) Under preloading with axial load applied

Fig. 2.11 Preload graph

12

Technical Data

Gyratory sliding
Every rolling element M (ball) in an angular contact A ball bearing revolves on the axis of rotation A-A' as illustrated in Fig. 2.12. A revolving object tends to A' M force the axis of rotation to a vertical or horizontal Fig. 2.12 Gyratory sliding attitude. As a result, a rolling element develops a force to alter the orientation of the axis of rotation. This force is known as a gyratory moment (M). When [gyratory moment > loads of rolling elements multiplied by coefficient of friction], gyratory sliding occurs on the raceway surface, leading to heat generation, wear and seizure. Therefore, for a bearing of high-speed main spindle, it is necessary to set up a preload that can inhibit gyratory sliding. Based on our experience, NTN sets up a preload to prevent gyratory sliding so that the coefficient of friction max on raceway surface in maximum speed operation satisfies the relation max 0.03. A gyratory moment that will occur can be given by the formula below.
Mkbcsin 1 mdw2 k 10 0.4dw5 Mdw5n2sin M Gyratory moment b Autorotation angular velocity of
rolling element

According to J. H. Rumbarger and J. D. Dunfee, when an amount of spin sliding exceeds 4.20106 (N/m m2-mm/s), heat generation and wear start to increase. Generally, it is necessary for a bearing for a highspeed main spindle to have a preload that can prevent spin sliding. Several examples of wear on bearing owing to spin sliding are given in Fig. 2.14. The magnitude of spin-derived wear is governed by a PV value (amount of spin sliding) during an operation of main spindle. Therefore, an optimal bearing for main spindle must be selected. Though possibility of spinderived wear occurrence varies depending on a bearing type, model number and specifications, we carefully determined a control transfer point in an operating arrangement for NTN angular contract ball bearing for main spindle of machine tool. Thus, we believe that the amount of spin sliding with this bearing category is not very large. Additionally, the magnitude of spin-derived wear is significantly affected by how well the raceway surface is lubricated. Regardless of the type of sliding, a minor sliding can lead to wear if oil film is not formed well. For this reason, a reliable lubrication arrangement needs to be incorporated.

c Angular velocity of revolution m Mass of rolling element

Density of rolling element dw Diameter of rolling element Angle of axis of rotation of rolling
element

The form of wear on bearing raceway derived from spin sliding will appear as . Failures on the raceway surface on inner ring that can result from spin sliding are given below.
Rolling contact area

n Speed of inner ring

Spin sliding
Every rolling element (ball) in an angular contact ball bearing develops spin sliding that is unavoidable owing to the structure of the bearing, relative to the raceway surface of either the inner ring or outer ring (Fig. 2.13). Fig. 2.13 Spin sliding Usually, at a lower speed range, pure rolling motion occurs between an inner ring raceway and rolling elements and spin sliding develops between an outer ring raceway and rolling elements (this state is known as inner ring control). At a higher speed range, pure rolling motion occurs between an outer ring raceway and rolling elements and spin sliding develops between an inner ring raceway and rolling elements (this state is known as outer ring control). A point where transfer from inner ring control to outer ring control occurs is known as control transfer point. An amount of spin sliding and control transfer point can vary depending on the bearing type and bearing data: generally, an amount of spin sliding will be greater with an outer ring control state.
2.5m

Bearing: 7026T1 Thrust load: 2 kN Speed: 5000 min-1 Lubrication: Grease Run time: 50 h

Possible causes to
(1) Contact ellipse and direction of spin sliding

type wear
(2) Sliding velocity (V)

(3) Bearing pressure within ellipse (P)

(4) PV value owing to spin

PV

max

(5) Wear on raceway surface

2.14 Examples of wear on bearing owing to spin sliding

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Technical Data

4 Designing bearing and housing

In designing a bearing and housing, it is very important to provide a sufficient shoulder height for the bearing and housing so as to maintain bearing and housing accuracies and to avoid interference with the bearing-related corner radius. The chamfering dimensions are specified in Table 2.10 and the shoulder height and corner roundness on the shaft and housing are listed in Table 2.11.

Bearing corner radius dimensions

Side face of inner ring or center washer, or side face of outer ring

rs max or r s max
1

Bore diameter face rs min or r1s min of bearing or outer rs max or r1s max diameter face of bearing (Axial direction)

Fig. 2.15 Table 2.10 Allowable critical-value of bearing chamfer (1) Radial bearing (Except tapered roller bearing)
Unit mm

(2) Tapered roller bearings of metric series

Unit mm

(3) Thrust bearings

Unit mm

rs min1 or r1s min 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3

Nominal bore diameter d over incl. 40 40 50 120 120 40 40 50 120 120 80 220 280 100 280 280

rs max or r1s max Radial direction 0.1 0.16 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 1.3 1.5 1.9 2 2.5 2.3 3 3 3.5 3.8 4 4.5 3.8 4.5 5 5 5.5 6.5 8 10 12.5 15 18 21 25 Axial direction 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1 2 2 3 3 3.5 4 4 5 4.5 5 6 6.5 7 6 6 7 8 8 9 10 13 17 19 24 30 38

rs min2 or r1s min 0.3

Nominal bore3 diameter of bearing "d" or nominal outside diameter "D"

rs max or r1s max Radial direction 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.8 3.5 2.8 3.5 4 3.5 4 4.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 6.5 7.5 7.5 9 Axial direction 1.4 1.6 1.7 2 2.5 3 3 3.5 4 4 4.5 5 5 5.5 6 5.5 6.5 7 7.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 8 9 10 11

rs min or r s min
1

rs min or r s min

(Radial direction)

rs min or r1 min4 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.6 1 1.1 1.5 2 2.1 3 4 5 6 7.5 9.5 12 15 19

rs max or r1s max Radial and axial direcition 0.1 0.16 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.5 2.2 2.7 3.5 4 4.5 5.5 6.5 8 10 12.5 15 18 21 25

over 40 40 50

incl. 40 40 50 120 250 120 250 120 250 120 250 400 120 250 400 180 180

0.6

0.6

1.5

120 250

120 250

1.1

1.5

2.5

120 250

80 220

120 250 400 120

2.1

280

2.5

100 280

250 400

3 4 5 6 7.5 9.5 12 15 19

280

180 180

2 These are the allowable minimum dimensions of the chamfer dimension "r" or "r1" and are described in the dimensional table. 3 Inner rings shall be in accordance with the division of "d" and outer rings with that of "D". Note: This standard will be applied to the bearings whose dimensional series (refer to the dimensional table) are specified in the standard of ISO 355 or JIS B 1512. For further information concerning bearings outside of these standards or tapered roller bearings using US customary unit, please contact NTN Engineering.

4 These are the allowable minimum dimensions of the chamfer dimension "r" or "r1" and are described in the dimensional table.

1 These are the allowable minimum dimensions of the chamfer dimension "r" or "r1" and are described in the dimensional table.

14

Technical Data

Abutment height and fillet radius

The shaft and housing abutment height (h) should be larger than the bearings' maximum allowable chamfer dimensions (rs max), and the abutment should be designed so that it directly contacts the flat part of the bearing end face. The fillet radius (ra) must be smaller than the bearing's minimum allowable chamfer dimension (rs min) so that it does not interfere with bearing seating. Table 2.11 lists abutment height (h) and fillet radius (ra). For bearings to be applied to very large axial loads as well, shaft abutments (h) should be higher than the values in the table. In cases where a fillet radius (ra max) larger than the bearing chamfer dimension is required to strengthen the shaft or to relieve stress concentration (Fig. 2.16a), or where the shaft abutment height is too low to afford adequate contact surface with the bearing (Fig. 2.16b), spacers may be used effectively. Relief dimensions for ground shaft and housing fitting surfaces are given in Table 2.12.

ra max

rs min

ra rs min ra rs min

rs min a

rs min b

Fig. 2.16 Bearing mounting with spacer

h rs min

Table 2.11 Fillet radius and abutment height

Unit mm rs min 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.6 1 1.1 1.5 2 2.1 2.5 3 4 5 6 7.5 9.5 12 15 19 ras max 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.6 1 1 1.5 2 2 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 15 h (min) Normal use1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.25 2.25 2.75 3.5 4.25 5 6 6 7 9 11 14 18 22 27 32 42 rc t t rc

b rs min

rs min b

2.12 Relief dimensions for ground shaft

rs min 1 1.1 1.5 2 2.1 2.5 3 4 5 6 7.5 Relief dimensions b t rc 2 2.4 3.2 4 4 4 4.7 5.9 7.4 8.6 10 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.5 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 4 5 6 7

1 If bearing supports large axial load, the height of the shoulder must exceed the value given here. 2 Used when axial load is light. These values are not suitable for tapered roller bearings, angular ball bearings and spherical roller bearings. Note: ras max maximum allowable fillet radius.

15