English Reading - Level 1-A

Aim High Reading | Level 1-A
Chapter 01
Passage 01_ Ideas for a Mother's Day Gift Passage 02_ The Ocean and Color Passage 03_ Fishing in Canada Passage 04_ Obesity and Car Safety
Vocabulary Pre-check
absorb
furthermore
according to
insurance company
, appreciate
, molecule
as a result as well
moreover
occasionally ordinary
be at a loss v . book
( extraordinary)
overweight particle
charge
combine with
(1) premium
come into effect compared to composition consider
, ~
reflect
research
saltwater
(), ()
secondly
demonstrate
slim split spot
(=slender)
~ depending on
destination dilemma
, ,
, ,
substance
disperse
the number of thoughtfulness tip
due to
, n . dying ~ end up -ing extra
, ,
() tissue
unique various vast
fatality
, , ()
for instance freshwater
vegetation
Passage
Life Sport Music
Every year you buy your mom flowers. Shouldnt you try something different this year for Mothers Day? Sons and daughters all over the world think the same thing as you every May, but they are often at a loss about what to do. Mothers Day gift giving is .
There is a limited number of good gift ideas, yet everyone wants to get his or her mom something special. But as a result many people end up getting the same old gifts. Therefore, here are some tips to make your Mothers Day gift more unique. You should demonstrate the thoughtfulness behind your Mothers Day gift by adding a little something extra to make your ordinary gift extraordinary. A gift of a music player must include several of her favorite albums already downloaded. Shell appreciate that you put in the extra time to make the gift special. Furthermore, the place you give a Mothers Day gift shows a lot of thought as well. So take your mom to one of her favorite spots such as a restaurant, a park or a movie theater, then give her the gift. Itll add that extra touch.
Mothers Day tip [tip]

, ,
be at a loss , unique [ju;n;k]

,
as a result
end up -ing ~
demonstrate[dmnstrit] , ordinary ( extraordinary) as well spot [spt] ,
thoughtfulness [^;tflnis] appreciate [pr;iit] , touch [t<t]
extra [kstr]
furthermore[f;"m;]
18
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Vocabulary
2.
a dilemma fun boring an issue different
Vocabulary
3.
flowers .
the same old gifts an ordinary gift
Analysis
4.
.
.
Chapter 01
19
Grammar
make + +
Here are some tips to make your gift more unique. Put in the extra time to make the gift special.
+ +
We made the person leave.
He will make his daughter a teacher.
make <+> , , Tips ~ , .
Quiz
make .
. .
1. . It will make the room bright 2. . I made her clean her room 3. . The teacher has decided to make me a good lawyer .
Structure
The place you give a Mothers Day gift shows a lot of thought as well.
the place .
you give a Mothers Day gift

()
()
The place you give a Mothers Day gift shows
()
a lot of thought as well
20
Level 1-A
Passage 01
Writing
1.
this year for Mothers Day?

Shouldnt you try something different
2. They are often
at a loss about what to do
3. Many people
end up getting the same old gifts
4. Here are some tips
to make your Mothers Day gift more unique
5.
shows a lot of thought as well.

The place you give a Mothers Day gift
Chapter 01
21
Passage
Science Technology Nature
There are several things to consider when (a) explained / explaining why the color of the ocean is blue. First, we must consider the oceans ability to absorb and reflect the various colors of the spectrum differently. Secondly, we must consider the different particles in ocean water. The various colors of the light spectrum travel through different substances differently depending on the composition of each substance. For instance, blue light travels into the ocean water, while red light is absorbed quickly. Perhaps it would be more accurate to say that the molecules in the ocean absorb blue light at first, but then, unlike red light, the blue light is quickly resent and (b) dispersing / dispersed everywhere.
However, occasionally the ocean looks green. In such a situation, there is usually a great amount of vegetation in the water. What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue of the plants to produce the color green.
consider [knsd] secondly [skndli]

absorb [bs;b] particle [p;tikl] depending on ~
reflect [riflkt] travel [trvl]
various [vris] for instance
( ) ,
substance [s=bstns] , molecule [mlkj;l] , vegetation [vd,tin] ,
composition [kmpzn] tissue [tu;] ()
disperse [disp;s] , combine with ~
occasionally [ki,nli]
22
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Analysis
1.
Grammar
2.
(a) (b) .
(a) explaining (b) dispersed
Coherence
3.
Therefore, blue light mostly disappears as it travels back from the ocean. But it is the red light that the ocean reflects back into our eyes. As a result, it is mostly blue light that travels back into our eyes. Otherwise, our eyes can only detect blue light from the ocean. However, red light remains longer in the ocean compared to blue light.
Chapter 01
23
Grammar
to
There are several things to consider.

We must consider the oceans ability to absorb and reflect the various colors. The blue light waves combine with the yellow to produce the color green.

Tips . (several things)

(things to consider)~ . . ~ () ~ () .
Quiz
.
. a lawyer.
1. . I need someone to talk to 2. . He studied hard to become
Structure
what/if/whether
What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue of the plants to produce the color green.
that .
/ that
what happens
tissue 2 .
the yellow / of the plants

()
What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue ~
24
Level 1-A
Passage 02
Writing
1. There are several things to consider when explaining

.
why the color of the ocean is blue
2. First, we must consider
the oceans ability to absorb and reflect
3. For instance, blue light travels into the ocean water,

.
while red light is absorbed quickly
4. The molecules in the ocean absorb blue light at first,

unlike red light
5.
the blue light waves combine with the yellow
tissue of the plants.

What happens is that
Chapter 01
25
Passage
Social Culture Business
Canada is heaven for fishermen. There are so many freshwater lakes, rivers and streams that the opportunities to fish are simply endless. (a) Moreover, as Canada is surrounded by oceans on three sides, there are plentiful opportunities for saltwater fishing. (b) Fishing in Canada is split into two groups: Lake Water Fishing and Salt Water Fishing; each type of fishing is a totally different sport. (c) But the number of lakes and the vast ocean shoreline would not make Canada a fishermans paradise if it were not for the great number of fish. Due to this, the sport fishing industry in Canada has grown a lot. (d) As fishing tourism is growing at a great pace, the supporting shops and other establishments are booming as well. (e) Thus, its easy to book motels, to buy fishing rods and reels, and to eat in excellent restaurants near any of the popular fishing destinations.
freshwater [frew;t] book [buk]
moreover [m;ruv] , the number of ~
saltwater [s;ltw;t] , due to ~
split [split] , (split-split-split)
vast [vst] ,
fishing rods and reels
destination [dstnin] ,
26
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Analysis
1.
fast growing fishing tourism endless number of fish supporting shops and facilities various types of governmental support freshwater lakes and rivers
Reference
2.
this ?
Coherence
3.
(a)~(e) ?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Vocabulary
4.
.
the supporting shops and other establishments
Chapter 01
27
Grammar
as
As Canada is also surrounded by oceans on three sides, there are plentiful ~ opportunities for saltwater fishing. As fishing tourism is growing at a great pace, the supporting shops and other ~ establishments are booming as well.
Tips as , , , . as~
~ .
Quiz
.
, I gain weight. , she fell asleep quickly.
1. . As I get older 2. . As she was tired
Structure
to
Its easy to book motels, to buy fishing rods and reels, and to eat in excellent restaurants near any of the popular fishing destinations.
to buy .
fishing rods, reels
(its easy) 3 .
to book motels / to buy fishing rods and reels / to eat in excellent restaurants
()
it is easy
to book ~, to buy ~, and to eat ~ near any of ~
()
28
Level 1-A
Passage 03
Writing
1.
, , that the opportunities to fish are
simply endless.
There are so many freshwater lakes, rivers and streams
2. Moreover, , there are plentiful

opportunities for saltwater fishing.
as Canada is also surrounded by oceans on three sides
3. But the number of lakes and the vast ocean shoreline would not
make Canada a fishermans paradise .
if it were not for the great number of fish
4.
has grown a lot.

The sport fishing industry in Canada
5. As fishing tourism is growing
, the supporting shops and
other establishments are booming as well.

at a great pace
Chapter 01
29
Passage
Recent research has shown that, compared to slim people, overweight people are at an increased risk of dying in car accidents. Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more are more likely to die in road fatalities according to the study. One insurance company wants to charge overweight car drivers higher premiums. The company argues that men already pay higher premiums than women because they are at a higher risk of having accidents. In other words, being at a higher risk means men cost insurance companies more because they make more accident claims. Since the research has recently shown that overweight people also are at a higher risk, come into effect yet. It is still, however, an idea that hasnt
research [ris;t] , dying [dii\] , charge [t;d,]
compared to ~ premium [pr;mim]
slim [slim] , according to ~ claim [kleim] ,
overweight [uvwit] insurance [inrns] come into effect
fatality [feitlti] , ,
30
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Vocabulary
2.
fatalities .
accidents
Summary
3.
. .
Overweight people should pay more because they have more risk of having accidents .
Coherence
4.
there should be strict rules for them. shouldnt they go on a diet? they should be more careful when driving. shouldnt they pay more too? they shouldnt be allowed to drive.
Chapter 01
31
Grammar
Men already pay higher premiums than women.

+
In those days, sugar was less valuable than salt.
Tips , .
. more less than .
Quiz
.
.
1. . He is heavier than I 2. . It is better to have loved and lost than
never to have loved.
Structure
Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more are more likely to die in road fatalities according to the study.
those ?

weigh 95 kilograms or more

() 95kg
()
()
Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more are more likely to die
() ()
in road fatalities according to the study
32
Level 1-A
Passage 04
Writing
1. Compared to slim people, overweight people are

in car accidents.
at an increased risk of dying
2.
95kg are more likely to die in road fatalities.

Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more
3. One insurance company

premiums.
higher
wants to charge overweight car drivers
4.
means men cost insurance companies more.

Being at a higher risk
5.
that hasnt come into effect yet.

It is still an idea
Chapter 01
33
Review
A
.
01. absorb 02. be at a loss 03. book 04. come into effect 05. compared to 06. destination
07. disperse 08. fatality 09. molecule 10. end up -ing 11. substance 12. vegetation
, , , , ~ , ,
v.
, ~ ,
A .
01. 02. 03. 04. (carbon dioxide) 05. 06. (budget)
book the hotel room drunk driving fatalities end up staying alone absorb carbon dioxide disperse light compared to this years budget
A .
01. The
destination
is the place to which someone is going or being sent.

vegetation
02. Plants, trees, and flowers can be referred to as
03. If a law or policy comes into effect at a particular time, it officially begins to apply or be valid from that time. 04. A(n)
substance
is a solid, powder, liquid, or gas with particular properties.

at a loss
05. If you say that you are
, you mean that you do not know what to
do in a particular situation. 06. A(n)

molecule
is the smallest amount of a chemical substance which can
exist by itself.
34
Level 1-A
Passages 01~04
01. He studied hard pass
the test. passing to pass
02. It made everyone to be happy
. everyone happy happy everyone
03. I made him bring
the CD. to bring bringing
04. His mother made a teacher him
. him a teacher him to a teacher
05. He can run faster than I do
. more fast than I do fastest than I do
06. She eats two times
than I do. two times more more two times
07. As times
, it gets bigger. As it is the time As time goes by
08. I need someone helping me
. to help me help me
09. As
I was the oldest, I had to carry the bag. So But
10. His name is easy for remember
. easy to remember remember to easy
Chapter 01
35
Chapter 02
Passage 05_ Body Language Passage 06_ Belief Passage 07_ Car Theft Passage 08_ Central Floridas Wildlife
against
~ , ~
isolated
anti-theft as soon as attention attitude
, v . list lowland
majority nature
be affected by believe in blind faith bored
~ ~
necessary
note-taking instrument over the centuries
premium
concept
previous
consist of
, proof
cross ones legs defensive disable
prove rate
(),
sand dunes shift
()
, dishonesty
disinterested diverse
sighted similarly
(=varied)
ecologically ecosystem even if
, v . slope
span steal
O, , P
~ ( )
(steal-stole-stolen)
face-to-face fascinating flat
, ,
through tide
translate uncaring vehicle verbal
focus
fold ones arms gently
, ,
~ in the form of , n . increase
, wander
wherever wildlife
interpretation
, ,
Passage
Body language is the meaning behind the words or the unspoken language. Surprisingly, studies show that only 10 percent of our communication is verbal. The majority of communication is unspoken. There are some basic interpretations that can help with the understanding of these unspoken meanings. If you dont look someone in the eyes while speaking, this can be interpreted as dishonesty or hiding something. Likewise, shifting eye movements or rapid changing of direction can translate similarly. Other people can tell what type of attitude you have by your attention span. Sometimes you quickly lose focus on the other person or the length of time you focus wanders. This shows through and makes you seem (a) disinteresting / disinterested , (b) boring / bored , and possibly even (c) uncared / uncaring . Try not to fold your arms or cross your legs. This can be seen as defensive or an end to the conversation. So have arms hang freely or hold a glass of water or note-taking instruments while communicating with others. Be open with open arms.
verbal [v;bl] , shift [ift] , attention [tnn] fold ones arms
interpretation [int;prtin] , translate [trnslit], cross ones legs wander [wnd] ,
dishonesty [disnisti] , similarly [smlli] ,
through [^ru;] , note-taking instrument
defensive [difnsiv]
38
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Coherence
1.
span ?
type of attitude losing focus method skill length of time
Grammar
2.
(a), (b), (c) .
(a) disinterested (b) bored (c) uncaring
Analysis
3.
avoiding eye contact: short attention span:
, . , , . .
arms folded or legs crossed:
Chapter 02
39
Grammar
There are some basic interpretations that can help with the understanding of these unspoken meanings. Other people can tell what type of attitude you have by your attention span.
what (= the thing which)
Tips . that, which, who, what

, what . what .
Quiz
1. . He has a picture that can prove the truth. 2. . (what) This is what I like .
Structure
what/if/whether
Other people can tell what type of attitude you have by your attention span.
.
what type of attitude you have

()
()
Other people can tell what type of attitude you have
() by your attention span
40
Level 1-A
Passage 05
Writing
1.
is unspoken.
The majority of communication
2. There are some basic interpretations that
the understanding of these unspoken meanings.

can help with
3.
~ dishonesty or hiding something.

This can be interpreted as
4. Other people can tell

span.
by your attention
5. Try not to
or .
/ cross your legs
fold your arms
Passage
Life Sport Music
(A) As a result, many people dont believe in religion since it cannot be proven to them. Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof goes against basic human nature. (B) People are often like the blind man. There are many things in life that simply cannot (a) prove / be proven , and those things require us to simply believe in them. For example, lets take the concept of God. God is a belief for us since we really cannot prove that he or she exists. (C) Belief is only necessary for those things we do not know. A (b) sighting / sighted man doesnt have to believe in the color red. He has eaten a red apple. It has been proven to him that the color red exists. But how do you prove the existence of the color red to a blind man? It simply cannot be proven to him that such a thing as red exists since he cannot experience it. Therefore he must believe in it. Red is a belief for the blind man.
believe in ~ against [gnst] ~
prove [pru;v] nature [nit]
blind faith concept [knsept]
proof [pru;f] ,
necessary [nssri-sisri] ,
42
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Coherence
2.
(A), (B), (C) .

(C) - (B) - (A)
Grammar
3.
(a) (b) .
(a) be proven (b) sighted
Chapter 02
43
Grammar
it, that
It simply cannot be proven to him that such a thing as red exists since he that cannot experience it.
+ +
It is easy to read this book. .
to
It is no use crying over spilt milk. .
Tips , ,
it . (, to), .
Quiz
.
he gets up so early.
1. . It is strange that 2. . It is necessary that 3. . It is not easy to
you go there at once. keep a pet.
Structure
()
Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof goes against basic human nature.
without .
a certain amount of proof

()
Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof goes against basic human nature
44
Level 1-A
Passage 06
Writing
1. Having blind faith in things

human nature.
goes against basic
without a certain amount of proof
2. There are many things in life that

simply cannot be proven
3. And those things require us

to simply believe in them
4. Belief is only necessary for

those things we do not know
5.
doesnt have to believe in the color red.

A sighted man
Chapter 02
45
Passage
Since auto anti-theft technology has much improved, many people would think that there are fewer vehicle thefts than ever before. However, the automobile theft business is still growing and growing each year. As soon as a new antitheft system is invented, (a)
.
It seems that most of the anti-theft systems can not do much about car theft. It was reported that there were 1,200 million vehicles stolen last year and this is an increase of 14,000 from the previous year. The rate has been (b) costing you money. When cars are at a higher risk of being stolen, all drivers must pay higher premiums. It has been reported that the loss for car owners and insurance companies is more than $8 billion a year. for the last four years. Even if your car has never been stolen, car thefts are
anti-theft [nti^eft] increase [inkr;s] , premium [pr;mim]
vehicle [v;ikl] ,
as soon as ~ rate [reit] (),
steal [sti;l] (steal-stole-stolen) even if ~ ( )
previous [pr;vis] ,
46
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Coherence
1.
(a) ?
people have to pay more for it it is refused in the market it becomes a best seller thieves find ways to disable it it is welcomed by thieves
Coherence
2.
(b) ?
steady falling rising fluctuating upgrading
Info Scan
3.
. . . . .
Analysis
4.
.
.
Chapter 02
47
Grammar
Even if your car has never been stolen, car thefts are costing you money.

+ + +
He has just come back home from his office. Ive lost my new watch.

I have lived here for ten years.
Tips < have/has +> , ,

.
Quiz
1. . I have seen the girl before. 2. ? Have you ever read an English novel?
Structure
()
The loss for car owners and insurance companies is more than $8 billion a year.
the loss .
for car owners and insurance companies

()
The loss for car owners and insurance companies is more than $8 billion a year
48
Level 1-A
Passage 07
Writing
1. It seems that
car theft.
can not do much about
most of the anti-theft systems
2.
~ there were 1,200 million vehicles stolen last year.

It was reported that
3. Even if your car has never been stolen,

.
car thefts are costing you money
4. The automobile theft business
is still growing and growing each year
5. It has been reported that

$8 billion a year.
is more than
the loss for car owners and insurance companies
Chapter 02
49
Passage
My friends in New York cant believe it! In Florida, there are flamingos on the golf courses and in the public parks! But this is only one example, I could list hundreds more. People are always face-to-face with wildlife wherever they go in Florida. It is one of the most fascinating places for nature lovers. Both Floridas plant life and wildlife are surprisingly diverse and Florida is the most ecologically diverse state after Hawaii and California. Florida consists of low, flat land that gently slopes to the ocean on the east and west sides. The lowland is the reason for the varied ecosystem in Florida. The land was greatly affected by the changing ocean levels over the centuries. The ocean tides along with the winds have left their marks in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands.
flamingo [flm\gou] , (pl. flamingos) wildlife [wildlif] consist of ~ lowland [lulnd] sand dunes () flat [flt]
list [list] , gently [d,ntli] , tide [taid] ,
face-to-face ,
wherever [wrv] ecosystem [;kousstm] lagoon [lg;n] ,
ecologically [kld,ikli] slope [sloup] , be affected by ~ in the form of ~
over the centuries ,
isolated [islitid]
50
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Inference
1.
The Most Distinguishable Features of Lowland Tidal Effects on Ocean and Its Various Features The Formation of Florida and Its Wildlife The Diversity of Floridas Wildlife and the Reasons The Three Most Diverse States in the United States
Info Scan
2.
. . . . .
Vocabulary
3.
diverse .
varied
Analysis
4.
, , .
Chapter 02
51
Grammar
It is one of the most fascinating places for nature lovers. Florida is the most ecologically diverse state after Hawaii and California.
, the . Tips ( ) ~
Quiz
.
She is one of the best pianists in Europe.
1. . 2. James .
James is the wisest man that Ive ever met .
Structure
()
The ocean tides along with the winds have left their marks in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands.
(the ocean tides) ?
along with the winds

()
()
The ocean tides along with the winds have left their marks
() in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands
52
Level 1-A
Passage 08
Writing
1.
on the golf courses and in the public parks!

There are flamingos
2. It is
for nature lovers.

one of the most fascinating places
3. Both Floridas plant life and wildlife are

surprisingly diverse
4. Florida
~ low, flat land that ~
the ocean on the east and west sides.

consists of / gently slopes to
5. The lowland
~ the varied ecosystem in Florida.
is the reason for
Chapter 02
53
Review
A
.
01. believe in 02. cross ones legs 03. defensive 04. disinterested 05. ecosystem 06. fold ones arms
07. isolated 08. premium 09. sighted 10. span 11. verbal 12. wander
, , , ,
A .
01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. (measures)
talk with arms folded life span believe in God a verbal report an isolated island defensive measures
A .
01. If you are disinterested in something, you are not interested in it. 02. The blind tend to be more passive than
the sighted
.
crossed
03. My father was sitting in the living room with his legs 04. A(n)
premium
is a sum of money that you pay regularly to an insurance
company for an insurance policy. 05. If your thoughts

wander
, you stop concentrating on something and start
thinking about other things. 06. A(n)

ecosystem
is a natural unit consisting of all plants, animals and micro-
organisms in an area.
54
Level 1-A
Passages 05~08
01. It is amazing that
he visits her every morning. which what
02. She lost the watch that whose
cost her two hundred dollars. what
03. Did you see
him around the office these days? Have you saw Have you seen
04. It is certain what
he came here with his fiance e. that which
05. She is one of the best looking girls
in the world. the most looking girl the best looking girl
06. Sue is the taller woman
that Ive ever known. the tallest woman the tall woman
07. This
is easy to create your own homepage. It That
08. I was tried
it once before. try have tried
09. This is exactly which I meant
. what I meant that I meant
10. You will have to return where that
you borrowed from him. what
Chapter 02
55
Chapter 03
Passage 09_ Child Labor Passage 10_ Common Reasons for Blogging Passage 11_ Desserts Passage 12_ Drawbacks of Online Paid Surveys
a small sum of money announce as a result aspect awful
~ it takes ~ to do
knitting laborer look for
aristocracy

, lengthy

make oneself heard misrepresent moreover negative overall prove
be about to burst be out of reach beneficial clean up
; ,
not necessarily overlook
, comparatively concrete
condition contract custom debate define
, ()
provide A for B skyrocket solid sort out
B A , ,
()
, ,
definition delicacy
stand out subject surfer survey term
, ,
() , ,
stumbling block
~ depending on
differentiate drawback forum horrible identity
, ;
()
tedious
throw away turn into virtual
() , ~
in order to incomplete
in other words interfere with
worse still
~ ,
, worthwhile
Passage
It was reported that about 250 million children (people under the age of 18) are child laborers. Child labor can be defined in many ways depending on who makes the definition. In other words, there is no concrete or solid definition of child labor. Some people view the negative aspects of child labor. In many cases, child laborers work in awful and often horrible conditions. Moreover, they cannot go to school and their childhood is being thrown away. However, some point out an aspect that is not necessarily negative. Some jobs are not necessarily dangerous for children. And (a) they do not interfere with their education. These jobs can provide opportunities for (b) them to get a sense of responsibility while earning money.
define [difin] , concrete [knkri;t]

,
depending on ~ solid [slid]

,
in other words negative [ngtiv] aspect [spekt]
awful [;fl] ,
horrible [h;rbl]
moreover [m;ruv] , interfere with ~ ,
throw away () , provide A for B B A
not necessarily ~
58
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Inference
1.
Child Laborers in Danger The True Definition of Child Labor Misunderstanding of Child Labor Different Views of Child Labor Child Labor and Its Effects on Society
Analysis
2.
.
. .
Analysis
3.
. . . . .
Reference
4.
(a) they (b) them .
(a) some jobs (b) children
Chapter 03
59
Grammar
These jobs can provide them opportunities. 4 = These jobs can provide opportunities for them.
Tips 4 <+++> . 4 .
4 3 . 3 buy, make, get, find for , ask of , to .
Quiz
1. . My teacher gave me a dictionary. <4> My teacher gave a dictionary to me. 2. . I bought her a book. <4> I bought a book for her. 3. . He asked me a favor. <4> He asked a favor of me. <3> <3> <3>
Structure
to
These jobs can provide opportunities for them to get a sense of responsibility.
, (opportunities) .
: :
for them to get a sense of responsibility
(to)
These jobs can provide opportunities
(to) for them to get a sense of responsibility
60
Level 1-A
Passage 09
Writing
1.
in many ways depending on who makes the
definition.
Child labor can be defined
2. There is no
of child labor.
concrete or solid definition
3. Child laborers work in

awful and often horrible
conditions.
4. They
~ their education.
do not interfere with
5. These jobs can provide opportunities

of responsibility.
for them to get
~ a sense
Chapter 03
61
Passage
(A) Everyone likes it when others listen. Bloggers enjoy (a) to know / knowing that many people are reading their blogs. Readers respond to their blogs, too. This proves that what they are doing is worthwhile. Of course, there are others who just like hosting a forum for a healthy debate on a subject. They dont really need to be heard, but they want to make sure all voices can be heard. (B) The popularity of blogging is skyrocketing. There have been blogs about many interesting topics and ideas, including politics, humor, movies, shoes, home improvement, knitting and bowling. Now people wonder what the reasons are. There are a few that seem to stand out among the masses of reasons. (C) People enjoy establishing a virtual identity. For many, blogging is one way to announce their presence to the world. Beyond that they are able to make themselves (b) hear / heard , they are also able to be seen as a person that stands out among a crowd of nameless surfers on the Internet.
blogger [bl<g] subject [s=bd,ikt] knitting [nti\]
worthwhile [w;^wil] , virtual [v;tul]
forum [f;rm] () make oneself heard
skyrocket [skirkit] , stand out ,
home improvement
surfer [s;f]
62
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Coherence
1.
(A), (B), (C) , ?
(A) - (B) - (C) (B) - (A) - (C) (B) - (C) - (A) (C) - (A) - (B) (C) - (B) - (A)
Grammar
2.
(a) (b) .
(a) knowing (b) heard
Info Scan
3.
. . . . .
Chapter 03
63
Grammar
Now people wonder what the reasons are.

+
I asked a clerk where they had books about computers.
Tips ()
. <++>.
Quiz
.
. .
1. . I dont know who he is 2. . Please tell me what this is
Structure
what/if/whether
This proves that what they are doing is worthwhile.

(worthwhile) .
what they are doing
This proves that what they are doing is worthwhile
64
Level 1-A
Passage 10
Writing
1. Bloggers enjoy knowing that
many people are reading their blogs
2. The popularity of blogging

is skyrocketing
3. Now people wonder

what the reasons are
4. There are a few that

seem to stand out
among the masses of reasons.
5. Blogging is one way
to the world.
to announce their presence
Chapter 03
65
Passage
Food Health
Even when were so full and were about to burst, we still look for dessert. We need a bite of cake or candy at the end of the meal to make it perfect. The English word dessert came from a French word desservir which means to clean up after a meal. Centuries ago, the custom was to have fruits and nuts for dessert. It gradually turned into desserts. Normally, desserts are sweet food. Before the development of the sugar industry in the 19th century, sweets used to be out of reach for the middle class. It was a rare holiday delicacy. Only the aristocracy could afford sweet dishes in their meals.
17
be about to burst turn into ~ aristocracy [rstkrsi]
look for ~
clean up , rare [r]
custom [k=stm]
be out of reach
delicacy [dliksi] () , ,
comparatively [kmprtivli] ,
66
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Coherence
2.
But not that many people liked sweet dishes for dessert. And it became popular ever since people began to have desserts first. So desserts were considered a bad habit for dieting. And we should think about why sweet food became popular. But sweet dishes for dessert are a comparatively new choice.
Reference
3.
it ?
cake or candy a bite the meal dessert the end
Detail
4.
desservir .

Chapter 03
67
Grammar
make, call, believe + +
A bite of cake or a candy makes the meal perfect.

+
The boys called him a fool.
Tips 5 . to .
Quiz
.
all the time.
1. . True friends make us happy 2. . We believe him to be kind .
Structure
We need a bite of cake or candy at the end of the meal to make it perfect.
need .
at the end of the meal to make it perfect

()
()
()
We need a bite of cake or candy
() ()
68
Level 1-A
Passage 11
Writing
1. Even when we
for dessert.
are so full
and we ~ burst, we still look
/ are about to
2. We need a bite of cake or candy at the end of the meal

.
to make it perfect
3. The English word dessert

came from a French word
~ desservir.
4.
are a comparatively new choice.

Sweet dishes for dessert
5. The custom was
for dessert.
to have fruits and nuts
Chapter 03
69
Passage
In order to find out the opinions held by people on a topic, some companies offer money to people taking surveys on the Internet. This system, while overall beneficial, has some growing drawbacks. One stumbling block is that it is not easy to sort out the good survey companies from the (a) bad ones. There are simply more and more of these types of companies these days and its getting harder to differentiate the good ones from (b) the others. Sometimes even good ones are overlooked and, worse still, avoided. Since many of (c) them use lengthy and tedious forms, it takes a huge amount of time for survey takers to complete the forms. And (d) they often leave the
17
surveys incomplete. (e) They also hide or misrepresent the terms of the contract to people. As a result, many survey takers dont find out until they are almost finished that they will be getting a small sum of money.
in order to ~
survey [s;vi] , ;
overall [uvr;l] , stumbling block , lengthy [l\^i] , contract [kntrkt]
beneficial [bnfl] , sort out , , tedious [t;dis] , as a result overlook [uvlk] ,
drawback [dr;bk] ,
differentiate [dfrniit] , worse still , term [t;m]
it takes ~ to do ~
misrepresent [msrepriznt] ; a small sum of money
70
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Inference
1.
How to Differentiate Good Online Survey Companies Growing Market for Online Survey Businesses Some Important Effects of Online Surveys Various Reasons for Taking Online Surveys Disadvantages of Online Paid Surveys
Analysis
2.
. . . . .
Reference
3.
(a)~(e) ?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Analysis
4.
Chapter 03
71
Grammar
it takes + + to
It takes a huge amount of time for survey takers to complete the forms.
+
It takes three men to do the job. .
. Tips < it takes ++ to>~ .
Quiz
.
the work. to plan my vacation.
1. . It took me an hour to do
2. . It didnt take long
Structure
to
One stumbling block is that it is not easy to sort out the good survey companies from the bad ones.
it .
to sort out the good survey companies from the bad ones
One stumbling block is that ~
72
Level 1-A
Passage 12
Writing
1. Some companies offer money to

Internet.
people taking surveys
on the
2. This system,
drawbacks.
, has some growing
while overall beneficial
3.
to differentiate the good ones from the others.

It is getting harder
4. It takes a huge amount of time
for survey takers to complete the forms
5. As a result, many survey takers dont find out

.
until they are almost finished
Chapter 03
73
Review
A
.
01. announce 02. define 03. delicacy 04. differentiate 05. drawback 06. interfere with
, , () , , , , ~ ,
07. negative 08. overlook 09. sort out 10. stumbling block 11. tedious 12. term
, , , , ,
A .
01. (fact, fiction) 02. 03. 04. 05. 06.
differentiate between fact and fiction overlook a persons mistake negative opinion tedious talk OstoryP interfere with cultural development all delicacies of the season
A .
01. The English Dictionary 02. The

terms
defines
concept as an idea or abstract principle.
of an agreement, treaty, or arrangement are the conditions
that must be accepted by the people involved in it. 03. If you

sort out
a group of things, you separate them into different classes,
groups, or places. 04. If you

announce
something, you tell about it publicly or officially.
05. A(n) stumbling block is a problem that stops you from achieving something. 06. The opposite or antonym of
drawback
is advantage.
74
Level 1-A
Passages 09~12
01. Dont take too long clean
the table. to cleaning to clean
02. I dont know who is the person
. who the person is whom the person is
03. We believe him to be generous
. be generous is generous
04. The teacher asked me to a question
. a question of me a question me
05. Please let me know the problem is what
. what the problem is which the problem is
06. It took me five days to finish the project
. finish the project to be finished the project
07. I bought a book to her
. her a book her for a book
08. Those kids make me angry
whenever they come. to get angry got angry
09. That one was too heavy carrying to carry
. carry
10. The staff made me to sign sign
the agreement. signed
Chapter 03
75
Chapter 04
Passage 13_ Evolution of the Earth Passage 14_ Galaxiki Software Passage 15_ Good Foods for Great Results Passage 16_ House Music
A as well as B acceptable addict alien
B A
() inner core
, ,
innovative layer liquid
, ()
allow ~ to do
make up
( )
at a great pace athlete
(() ) mantlez{
map
atmospheric
, , , nerve
(=be made up of) be composed of ~
nutritious ocean orbit
be known as
~ ,
bombardment carry through
, ,
outer core oxygen pioneer planet
combine
component
consistent with continent crust
~ ,
planetesimal pledge silicon slim
()
z{ ()
, ( ) dedicate
displacement distinguish electronic endless fatty
z{ ( ) , , ~
solar system solid
()
temperature
the boob tube warehouse whereas
formation
in front of
Passage
Following the formation of the Earth, its temperature increased at a great pace because it was being struck by many planetesimals in the solar system. This event is known as the Great Bombardment. As the temperature rose, heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank below the Earths surface, whereas lighter elements remained close to the surface. As a result of this displacement of elements, the Earth is composed of different layers. Scientists distinguish four layers. The inner
17
continents than the oceans.
core is made up of iron and nickel in an almost liquid state since it is so hot. The outer core is also made up of iron and nickel, but it is not as hot as the inner core so these elements are in
solid form. The mantle is the next layer, and it is composed of light elements such as silicon, oxygen and magnesium. The mantle is covered by the crust which is made up of the lightest elements on Earth. The mantle is thicker on the
formation [f;min] solar system whereas [wrz] ~ inner core () oxygen [ksid,n]
at a great pace
planetesimal [plntsml]
be known as ~
bombardment [bmb;dmnt] , distinguish [dist\gwi] , ~ silicon [slikn]
displacement [displismnt]z{( ) , layer [li] , mantle [mntl]z{(() ) continent [kntnnt] ,
be composed of ~ (=be made up of) outer core
crust [kr<st]z{()
78
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Analysis
2.
inner core outer core .
Detail
3.
mantle .
. . crust . mantle . inner core outer core .
Detail
4.
Chapter 04
79
Grammar
It was being struck by many planetesimals in the solar system.

+ +
He drove the truck.
He: The truck:
The truck was driven by him.
Tips , ,
.
Quiz
1. John . <> John . John broke the window. The window was broken by John.
2. . <> . The news made her depressed. She was depressed by the news.
Structure
()
Heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank below the Earths surface.
iron nickel .
heavier elements
()

()
()
Heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank below the Earths surface
80
Level 1-A
Passage 13
Writing
1. Its temperature increased

at a great pace
Heavier elements such as iron and nickel ~ the Earths surface.

sank below
3. Lighter elements
~ the surface.
remained close to
4. The inner core

is made up of
~ iron and nickel.
5. The mantle ~ the crust.

is covered by
Chapter 04
81
Passage
You can travel to an endless number of stars, moons and planets using Galaxiki software with its innovative 2D map. The software is simple to use and popular among people with a general interest in space as well as science fiction addicts. The orbits of the planets can be controlled by the software. Furthermore, it can also control the atmospheric conditions on each planet and some planets have acceptable atmospheres . The members of this online community can also make up their own alien creatures with unique histories, but once they start writing the history of one community they must remember to make it consistent with the history of other communities. As one continues writing the history, this becomes harder and harder to do. Traveling between communities within a small amount of time is possible since you can travel faster than the speed of light. The different creatures can thus visit one another.
17
endless [ndlis] , map [mp] ,
moon [mu;n] ,
planet [plnt]
innovative [novitiv] orbit [;bit]
A as well as B B A
addict [dkt] ,
furthermore [f;"m;] , acceptable [ksptbl] , consistent with ~ ,
atmospheric [tmsfrik] , make up ( ) alien [iljn] , allow ~ to do ~
82
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
Galaxiki ?
Galaxiki . Galaxiki . Galaxiki . Galaxiki . Galaxiki .
Coherence
2.
which will create many other communities which will help other people to join which can provide a chance to learn about the universe which can allow users to live which will allow various creatures to live
Reference
3.
this .
writing the history
Analysis
4.
Chapter 04
83
Grammar
A as well as B
The software is simple to use and popular among people with a general interest in space as well as science fiction addicts.
+
His friend as well as he can speak English.
, A A Tips < A as well as B >A B . A B () .
Quiz
1. . He gave the poor man money as well as advice . 2. , . She has a house in Seoul as well as a villa in Busan.
Structure
()
Traveling between communities within a small amount of time is possible.

.
traveling between communities

()
Traveling between communities within a small amount of time is possible
84
Level 1-A
Passage 14
Writing
1. The software is simple to use and
~ people with a
general interest in space ~ science fiction addicts.

popular among / as well as
2. Some planets have acceptable atmospheres which will

.
allow various creatures to live
3. The members of this online community can also make up their own
alien creatures .
with unique histories
4. They must remember to make it

communities.
consistent with
~ the history of other
5. You can
~ the speed of light.
travel faster than
Chapter 04
85
Passage
Food Health
Nothing is more true than the saying, You are what you eat. To perform to your best, you have to put the right foods into your body. Slim athletes dont eat fatty burgers. While many people pledge to begin eating healthy foods, easy enough, but changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do. When youre tired after work, fast food is just so easy. After that fast food dinner, you have some ice cream and chips in front of the boob tube. Its just so easy; thats your lifestyle. So you really have to be dedicated and have a strong mind to change and make healthier and more nutritious choices.
17
have the nerve to carry through for any length of time. It seems
slim [slim]
athlete [^li;t]
fatty [fti] ,
pledge [pled,] , in front of ~ the boob tube
nerve [n;v] , , ,
carry through , ,
dedicate [ddikit] , ( )
nutritious [nu;trs] ,
86
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Coherence
2.
some few many a few most
Summary
3.
, .
You should be determined to change your lifestyle in order to have a healthy eating habit. .
Chapter 04
87
Grammar
few / a few / little / a little
While many people pledge to begin eating healthy foods, few have the nerve to carry through for any length of time.
+
He has little money.
Tips few () , little () . few little a . , few little , a few a little, . , few a few , little a little .
Quiz
1. . <> / . <> She has few books . / She has a few books .
2. . <> / . <> There is little water in the bucket. / There is a little water in the bucket.
Structure
()
Changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do.
(changing eating habits) ?
when lifestyles dont change

()
( )
Changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do
( )
88
Level 1-A
Passage 15
Writing
1. To perform to your best, you have to

body.
put the right foods
into your
2.
() have the nerve to for any length of
time.
Few / carry through
3. It seems
easy enough
4. Changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change

.
is never easy to do
5. You have to have
a strong mind to change
Chapter 04
89
Passage
Life Sport Music
17
Electronic dance music is commonly known as house music. DJs in large dance clubs in the city of Chicago were the pioneers of house music in the mid 1980s. They combined different components of disco, funk and other danceable genres together (a) to make / making house music. Some people argue that the name came from a special type of party that was popular in Chicago in the late 70s and early 80s. They were called warehouse parties since they were held in huge
warehouses. House music (b) played / was played there. There was also a popular club in Chicago called the Warehouse.
electronic [ilktrnik] , pioneer [pin] , warehouse [whus] , component [kmpunnt] ,
be known as ~ the late 70s 70
DJ (disc jockey)
in the mid 1980s 1980
combine [kmbin] the early 80s 80
come up with ~ ,
90
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
house music ?
DJ . . . . 80 .
Coherence
2.
Nobody really cares about the origin of the name house music. The origin of the name house music is uncertain. It is well known where the name house music came from. It is obvious where the name house music came from. Musicians came up with the name house music.
Detail
3.
.
(warehouse) .
Grammar
4.
(a) (b) .
(a) to make (b) was played
Chapter 04
91
Grammar
to
They combined different components together to make house music.

+
He went to America to study English. .
Tips to , , . ,
, , .
Quiz
.
, but eat to live .
1. . We do not live to eat 2. . I am glad to meet you . a large house.
3. . He is rich enough to buy
Structure
They combined different components of disco, funk and other danceable genres together to make house music.
(combine together ) . ()
different components of disco, funk and other danceable genres

()
()
()
They combined different components of disco, funk and other danceable genres together
() to make house music
92
Level 1-A
Passage 16
Writing
1. Electronic dance music

is commonly known as
~ house music.
2. DJs
in the city of Chicago were of house
music.
in large dance clubs / the pioneers
3. They
of disco, funk and others together.
combined different components
4.
is uncertain.
The origin of the name
5.
~ warehouse parties.
They were called
Chapter 04
93
Review
A
.
01. addict 02. be composed of 03. bombardment 04. component 05. consistent with 06. dedicate
, ~ (=be made up of) , , ~ , , ( )
07. innovative 08. nutritious 09. oxygen 10. pledge 11. warehouse 12. whereas
, , , ~
A .
01. 02.
intensive bombardment healthy and nutritious food
03. (the existing values) consistent with the existing values 04. 05. 06. (particles)
fill the warehouse of wine dedicate ones life to science be composed of particles
A .
01. A(n) 02. A(n)
innovative addict
person introduces changes and new ideas. is someone who likes a particular activity very much and
spends as much time as possible doing it. 03. Water is composed of hydrogen and 04. You use
whereas oxygen
to introduce a comment which contrasts with what is
said in the main clause. 05. The components of something are the parts that it is made of. 06. When a person way to do it.
pledges
to do something, he or she promises in a serious
94
Level 1-A
Passages 13~16
01. The device was fixed
by the service person. fixed were fixed
02. They were kind enough give to give
me a ride home. giving
03. I am leaving to avoid
them. avoided for avoid
04. There is little
time left. We should leave now. few many
05. She told me her past as well as
her plan. as good as as long as
06. We have little
chance to win the game. Dont give up. a few a little
07. It is great to have
you here tonight. to having have
08. We can invite their children as good as as well as
them. as long as
09. They were replaced
with new ones by him. replaced replace
10. He knows little
songs. He cant sing. some few
Chapter 04
95
Chapter 05
Passage 17_ How to Find the Best Movies Passage 18_ How to Keep Your Mind Sharp Passage 19_ The Human Eye Passage 20_ Indoor Air Pollution
additional affect
indoor
industrialization
air purifier allergy
let in and out
manmade means
~ as ~ as possible
asthma
neglect pastime
, ;
be better off
, ~
be disappointed
perceive
( ) be exposed to
photographic
be responsible for building supplies
pollute rate
capture
released rely on
chemicals detail detect
~ , ~ ,
remarkable review
, ;
diseases
sensitive skeptical sources surpass toxic
sensitive
distinguish emit feat
five-digit
function
; trailer under ones control ~
, furnishings
genetics
();
unfortunately ventilation viral
(=talented) gifted
give off in turn
vision
Passage
17
Life Sport Music
Going to watch a film at the local cinema is a favorite pastime of many people. Before leaving the house, however, you must check if the picture selected is worth the money. In order to choose the right one for your evening, you should get reviews of recently released movies. If you missed the reviews in your local paper, youll be sure to find some on the Internet. You might even find some that your local newspaper wouldnt have. Youll also be able to watch movie trailers on the Internet. By watching the trailers, you will get a good idea whether you want to go and see the movie or not. You should be, however, a little when watching trailers. It could be that the director has chosen the best scenes for the trailer. After youve watched the film, you might be disappointed since there werent any additional fantastic scenes.
pastime [pstim] , trailer [tril] ;
review [rivj;] , ;
released [ril;st]
be disappointed
additional [dnl] ,
98
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Coherence
1.
informative trustful skeptical imaginative certain
Inference
2.
Comparison Between Newspapers and the Internet Ways to Identify Good Movies in Your Area Why Some Movies Put the Clips on the Web Use of the Internet to Get Information on Movies Why People End Up Wasting Their Money on Movies
Info Scan
3.
. . . . .
Chapter 05
99
Grammar
if : ~ (=whether ~ or not)
You will get a good idea whether you want to go and see the movie or not.
+
I will find out if she can make it.
. whether or not , if Tips if, whether ,~ () or not .
Quiz
1. . Im not sure whether she is an honest girl (or not) = Im not sure if she is an honest girl 2. . We dont know whether he will come (or not) = We dont know if he will come . . . .
Structure
what/if/whether
You must check if the picture selected is worth the money.

if .
~
if .
the picture selected

()
You must check if the picture selected is worth the money
100
Level 1-A
Passage 17
Writing
1.
at the local cinema is a favorite pastime of many
people.
Going to watch a film
2. You must check if the picture selected

is worth the money
3. You might even find some that
your local newspaper wouldnt have
4. You should be
when watching trailers.
a little skeptical
5. You
since there werent any additional fantastic
scenes.
might be disappointed
Chapter 05
101
17
Passage
Life Sport Music
Some people cannot remember a five-digit passcode. Others have a photographic memory and can remember specific details of a scene really well. Why do some people have excellent memories while others do not? Is the cause of a poor memory neglect or genetics? Researchers have proven that the way our brain functions is a result of genetics and the environment. It can be said that 50% of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources, while the other 50% is under our control. So there are some that are born better off than others
just as some people are born with more wealth
than others. But there are many people who have equaled or surpassed them with hard work, . Fifty percent of your brain power is a direct result of its environment what it is exposed to, the training it receives. And it can be developed to surpass the gifted ones.
five-digit [faivdd,it] neglect [niglkt] , ; rely on ~ , ~ gifted [gftid]
passcode [pskoud]
photographic [futgrfik] function [f=\n] , be better off , ~ be exposed to ( )
genetics [d,intiks] (); under ones control ~ surpass [sps]
equal [;kwl] ~ ; ~
(=talented)
102
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Detail
1.
brain ?
. . 50% . 50% . .
Coherence
2.
but it is a little different for your brain and this is the same with your brain and most of them are not born geniuses and many of them are very educated but they didnt become smarter than they were
Reference
3.
the gifted ones .

Summary
4.
, . (smart)
While there are some people who were (actually) born smart , others who were not born smart improve their brains. can develop and
Chapter 05
103
Grammar
some ~, others ...
Some people cannot remember a five-digit passcode. Others have a photographic memory and can remember specific details of a scene really well. Some people are born with some more wealth than others.
+
Why do some people gain weight when others dont?
Tips some others . , ,

. ( ) ~, ~ .
Quiz
.
fishing, and others went climbing.
1. , . Some went
2. . . Some drink a cup of coffee in the fast-food restaurant. Others stop to buy the morning paper.
Structure
to
Fifty percent of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources.

(ability) ?
to remember
()
Fifty percent of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources
R rely on 2 ,
rely on, genetic sources 3 .
104
Level 1-A
Passage 18
Writing
1. Some people cannot remember

a five-digit passcode
2. Others can
of a scene.
remember specific details
3.
is a result of genetics and the environment.

The way our brain functions
4. Fifty percent of our ability to remember

relies on genetic sources
5. It can
~ the gifted ones.
be developed to surpass
Chapter 05
105
Passage
Food Health
It is actually true that
. (A) Carrots contain
vitamin A, which provides the chemicals that the eye shafts and cones are made of. (B) The shafts are responsible for perceiving things in black and white. The cones capture color images. (C) It is reported that one out of 30 people is color blind, and this problem is more likely to affect men than women. (D) Healthy eyes are so sensitive to light that a candle burning in the dark can be detected 1.6 km (1 mile) away. (E) The human eye can distinguish about 10 million different colors. Currently, there is no machine that can achieve this remarkable feat.
chemicals [kmiklz] , capture [kpt] , distinguish [dist\gwi]
eye shaft ( ) be responsible for ~ perceive [ps;v] detect [ditkt] , feat [fi;t] ,
eye cone ( )
affect [fkt] ~
remarkable [rim;kbl] ,
106
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Info Scan
1.
. . . . .
Coherence
2.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
Coherence
3.
all vegetables are good for vision eating carrots improves your vision carrots are the best food for your health eating carrots can disturb your vision carrots can provide eye shafts and cones
Chapter 05
107
Grammar
Carrots contain vitamin A, which provides the chemicals that the eye shafts and cones are made of.
+
He has a house, which is small.
Tips ( , ) ,
. who which that .
Quiz
.
in Seoul. very fast.
1. 2 , . He has two sons, who live 2. . I have a black dog, which runs
Structure
that the eye shafts and cones are made of .
the chemicals
()
(provide the chemicals) . ()
vitamin A
()
Carrots contain vitamin A, which provides the chemicals that ~
108
Level 1-A
Passage 19
Writing
1. It is actually true that

eating carrots
improves your vision.
2. Carrots contain vitamin A,
which provides the chemicals
3. The shafts are
~ perceiving things in black and white.
responsible for
4.
30 is color blind.
One out of 30 people
5. There is no machine that
can achieve this remarkable feat
Chapter 05
109
Passage
Food Health
The industrialization of society led to the creation of many machines and products which made mans life easier. Unfortunately, this in turn has led to more pollution. And we are starting to invent machines like air purifiers to maintain a healthy (a) for humans to live in.
You will be surprised to learn that there are many sources of indoor air pollution. Oil, gas and cigarettes pollute the air with toxic smoke. And building supplies such as paint and furnishings such as carpet and some pressed wood furniture give off chemicals which are also (b) some kind of chemical which isnt good for us. Many homes are designed to let in and out as little outside air as possible. Unless they are built with special mechanical means of ventilation, these homes have unhealthy levels of (c) other viral diseases. in the air which are raising rates of allergies, asthma, colds and . Air conditioners are also the source of pollution. Almost everything that is manmade will emit
industrialization [ind>strilizin] building supplies

in turn
,
air purifier give off

,
toxic [tksik]
furnishings [f;nii\z]
manmade [mnmeid] , as ~ as possible ~ asthma [zm]
emit [imt]
let in and out ventilation [vntlin] rate [reit]
means [mi;nz] ,
viral [virl]
110
Level 1-A
Aim High Reading
Inference
1.
Why Indoor Air Pollution Can Be Harmful How the Air Purifier Was Invented Various Causes of Indoor Air Pollution How to Prevent Indoor Air Pollution Why House Ventilation Is Important
Coherence
2.
(a), (b), (c) ?
(a) places homes minds atmosphere environment
(b) dangerous well known bad lacking unhealthy
(c) ventilation air substances pollution pollutants
Analysis
3.
.
.
Chapter 05
111
Grammar
to :
And we are starting to invent machines like air purifiers to maintain a healthy environment for humans to live in.
+
He has a chair to sit on.
Tips to , . to ,
.
Quiz
.
. .
1. () . He has no pen to write with 2. ( ) . She has no paper to write on
Structure
()
Building supplies such as paint and furnishings such as carpet and some pressed wood furniture give off chemicals which are also unhealthy.
wood furniture .
some
()
/ pressed
paint .
building supplies
furnishings .
carpet some pressed wood furniture
Building supplies ~ and some pressed wood furniture give off chemicals which are ~
112
Level 1-A
Passage 20
Writing
1. Many machines and products made

mans life easier
2. We are starting to
~ air purifiers.
invent machines like
3. You
that there are many sources of indoor air
pollution.
will be surprised to learn
4. Almost everything
that is manmade
will emit some kind of chemical.
5. Many homes are designed to let in and out

as little outside air as possible
Chapter 05
113
Review
A
.
01. affect 02. detect 03. emit 04. feat 05. genetics 06. means
~ , , (); ,
07. pastime 08. perceive 09. sensitive 10. skeptical 11. surpass 12. ventilation
, ,
A .
01. 02. (poverty) 03. (advantage) 04. 05. 06.
emit harmful gasses a means to fight poverty advantage of natural ventilation detect the smell of smoke perceive things in black and white achieve a great feat in the field
A .
01.
Genetics
is the study of biologically inherited traits.

skeptical affects
02. If you are 03. If something
about something, you have doubts about it. people or things, it influences them or causes them
to change in some way. 04. A lot of people just play poker for fun or as a(n) 05. If one person or thing
surpasses pastime
another, the first is better than or has more
of a particular quality than the second. 06. If you are

sensitive
to other peoples needs, problems, or feelings, you
show understanding and awareness of them.
114
Level 1-A
Passages 17~20
01. They wanted to know if what
it will be raining tomorrow. which
02. I met Susan, who
was my best friend in college. that which
03. Some stayed longer. They Others
left early. People
04. I have no idea which
they will ever appear or not. what whether
05. He has no friends to play
. to play with play with him
06. He has only one computer, that which
shuts down frequently. why
07. Some
prepared food, and others set the table. The others Others
08. There is no game left to play
. to playing play with him
09. He has many topics that he can write write on
. write with
10. John visited his mother, which whom
lives in Manhattan. who
Chapter 05
115
Level
1-A
AIM HIGH
READING
Answer Keys
Chapter 01
slim (=slender) absorb according to ~ appreciate , as a result as well be at a loss book v. charge combine with ~ come into effect , compared to ~ composition consider demonstrate , depending on ~ destination , dilemma , , disperse due to ~ dying , end up -ing ~ extra fatality , , for instance freshwater () furthermore insurance company molecule , moreover , occasionally ordinary ( extraordinary) overweight particle , premium (1) reflect research , saltwater (), () secondly split , spot , substance , the number of ~ thoughtfulness tip , , tissue () unique , various vast , vegetation ,
Passage
01
| | 1. 2. 3. 4.

the same old gifts / an ordinary gift

. / .
| | 1. by adding a little something extra ~

, . , There is a limited number of good gift ideas , . end up getting the same old gifts , .
2. they are often at a loss about what to do

, a dilemma, a question, a headache, a paradox . an issue , , ; .
3. flowers
the same old gifts, an ordinary gift .
, () . , . .
4.
.
| | Every year you buy your mom flowers. Shouldnt you try something different this year for Mothers Day? Sons and daughters all over the world think the same thing as you every May, but they are often at a loss about what to do. Mothers Day gift giving is a dilemma. There is a limited number of good gift ideas, yet everyone wants to get his or her mom something special. But as a result many people end up getting the same old gifts. Therefore, here are some tips to make your Mothers Day gift more unique. You should demonstrate the thoughtfulness behind your Mothers Day gift by adding a little something extra to make your ordinary gift extraordinary. A gift of a music player must include several of her favorite albums already downloaded. Shell appreciate that you put in the extra time to make the gift special. Furthermore, the place you give a Mothers Day gift shows a lot of thought as well. So take your mom to one of her favorite spots such as a restaurant, a park or a movie theater, then give her the gift. Itll add that extra touch. | |
. ? 5 , . . , . . , .
, . , . .
| |
Every year you buy your mom flowers. / then give her the gift
buy, give 4 , your mom her, flowers the gift .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
It will make the room bright.

2. .
I made her clean her room.

3. .
The teacher has decided to make me a good

lawyer.
STRUCTURE
The place you give a Mothers Day gift shows a lot of thought as well.
the place .
you give a Mothers Day gift

: < > The place you give a Mothers Day gift shows a lot of thought () as well
WRITING
1. Shouldnt you try something different this year
Answer Keys
for Mothers Day?

( )
. , . , . .
2. They are often at a loss about what to do.

( )
3. Many people end up getting the same old gifts.

( )
4. Here are some tips to make your Mothers Day gift more unique.
( )
| | There are several things to consider when explaining why the color of the ocean is blue. First, we must consider the oceans ability to absorb and reflect the various colors of the spectrum differently. Secondly, we must consider the different particles in ocean water. The various colors of the light spectrum travel through different substances differently depending on the composition of each substance. For instance, blue light travels into the ocean water, while red light is absorbed quickly. Perhaps it would be more accurate to say that the molecules in the ocean absorb blue light at first, but then, unlike red light, the blue light is quickly resent and dispersed everywhere. As a result, it is mostly blue light that travels back into our eyes. However, occasionally the ocean looks green. In such a situation, there is usually a great amount of vegetation in the water. What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue of the plants to produce the color green. | |
, . , . , . . , , . , ,
5. The place you give a Mothers Day gift shows a lot of thought as well.
( )
Passage
02
| | 1. 2. (a) explaining (b) dispersed 3. | | 1.

(the ocean s ability to absorb and reflect the various colors), (the different particles in ocean water), (a great amount of vegetation in the water), (the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue of the plants) . .
2. (a)
. , explaining . (b) the blue light is resent dispersed .
3. ,
, As a result, it is mostly blue light that travels back into our eyes.( .) .
, . . . , . .
2. First, we must consider the oceans ability to absorb and reflect. ( ) 3. For instance, blue light travels into the ocean water, while red light is absorbed quickly.
( .)
4. The molecules in the ocean absorb blue light at first, unlike red light. ( ) 5. What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue of the plants.
( )
| |
when explaining why the color of the ocean is blue
explain . <++> .
the ocean looks green

look green .
Passage
03
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
| | 1. / / 2. 3. 4. the supporting shops and other establishments | | 1.

. . . .
I need someone to talk to.

2. .
He studied hard to become a lawyer. STRUCTURE

What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue of the plants to produce the color green.
that .
what happens
tissue 2 .
2. this the great number of fish

.
the yellow / of the plants

: < >
3. , (b)
.
4. the supporting shops and other

establishments .
What happens is that the blue light waves combine with the yellow tissue ~
| | Canada is heaven for fishermen. There are so many freshwater lakes, rivers and streams that the opportunities to fish are simply endless. Moreover, as Canada is surrounded by oceans on three sides, there are plentiful opportunities
WRITING
1. There are several things to consider when explaining why the color of the ocean is blue.
( )
Answer Keys
for saltwater fishing. (Fishing in Canada is split into two groups: Lake Water Fishing and Salt Water Fishing; each type of fishing is a totally different sport.) But the number of lakes and the vast ocean shoreline would not make Canada a fishermans paradise if it were not for the great number of fish. Due to this, the sport fishing industry in Canada has grown a lot. As fishing tourism is growing at a great pace, the supporting shops and other establishments are booming as well. Thus, its easy to book motels, to buy fishing rods and reels, and to eat in excellent restaurants near any of the popular fishing destinations. | |
. , , . , , . ( , . .) , . , . . , , .
STRUCTURE
Its easy to book motels, to buy fishing rods and reels, and to eat in excellent restaurants near any of the popular fishing destinations.
to buy .
fishing rods, reels

(it s easy) 3 .
to book motels / to buy fishing rods and reels / to eat in excellent restaurants
< > it
is easy
to book ~, to buy ~, and to eat ~ () near any of ~
WRITING
1. There are so many freshwater lakes, rivers and streams that the opportunities to fish are simply endless. ( , , ) 2. Moreover, as Canada is also surrounded by oceans on three sides, there are plentiful opportunities for saltwater fishing.
( )
3. But the number of lakes and the vast ocean shoreline would not make Canada a fishermans paradise if it were not for the great number of fish. ( ) 4. The sport fishing industry in Canada has grown a lot. ( ) 5. As fishing tourism is growing at a great pace, the supporting shops and other establishments are booming as well. ( )
| |
But the number of lakes and the vast ocean shoreline would not make Canada a fishermans paradise if it were not for the great number of fish.
if were, would .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
As I get older, I gain weight.

2. .
As she was tired, she fell asleep quickly.
Passage
04
| | 1. / 2. accidents 3. pay more / more risk of having accidents 4. | |

1. more likely to die men already pay higher premiums . 2. fatalities, , , accidents. 3. . Overweight people should pay more because they have more risk of having accidents. ( .) 4. , . shouldn't they pay more too?( ?) . . ? . .
premiums than women because they are at a higher risk of having accidents. In other words, being at a higher risk means men cost insurance companies more because they make more accident claims. Since the research has recently shown that overweight people also are at a higher risk, shouldnt they pay more too? It is still, however, an idea that hasnt come into effect yet. | |
, . , 95kg . . , . , , . , ? , .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
He is heavier than I.
2. .
It is better to have loved and lost than never

to have loved.
| | Recent research has shown that, compared to slim people, overweight people are at an increased risk of dying in car accidents. Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more are more likely to die in road fatalities according to the study. One insurance company wants to charge overweight car drivers higher premiums. The company argues that men already pay higher
STRUCTURE
Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more are more likely to die in road fatalities according to the study.
those ?
weigh 95 kilograms or more

: 95kg < >
Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more
Answer Keys
are more likely to die
() in road fatalities () according to the study
WRITING
1. Compared to slim people, overweight people are at an increased risk of dying in car accidents. ( ) 2. Those who weigh 95 kilograms or more are more likely to die in road fatalities.
(95kg )
|B| 01. book the hotel room 02. drunk driving fatalities 03. end up staying alone 04. absorb carbon dioxide 05. disperse light 06. compared to this years budget |C| 01. destination 02. vegetation 03. comes into effect 04. substance 05. at a loss 06. molecule |D| 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10.
3. One insurance company wants to charge overweight car drivers higher premiums.
( )
4. Being at a higher risk means men cost insurance companies more.

( )
5. It is still an idea that hasnt come into effect yet.

( )
Review
|A| 01. 02. 03. 04. , 05. ~ 06. , 07. , 08. , , 09. , 10. ~ 11. , 12. ,
Chapter 02
previous , against ~ , ~ anti-theft as soon as ~ attention attitude be affected by ~ believe in ~ blind faith bored concept consist of ~ cross ones legs defensive disable , dishonesty , disinterested diverse (=varied) ecologically ecosystem even if ~ ( ) face-to-face , fascinating , flat focus , fold ones arms gently , in the form of ~ increase , interpretation , , isolated list v. , lowland majority , nature necessary , note-taking instrument over the centuries , premium proof , prove rate (), sand dunes () shift , sighted similarly , slope ,
, , span
steal (steal-stole-stolen) through , tide , translate , uncaring , vehicle , verbal , wander , wherever wildlife
Passage
05
| | 1. 2. (a) disinterested (b) bored (c) uncaring 3. avoiding eye contact: ,

.
short attention span: , ,

.
arms folded or legs crossed:

.
| |
length 1. span (, , )
Answer Keys
of time .
. , . , . . . , , , . .
2. you seem 3 .
disinterested, bored, uncaring . uncared . uncaring .
3. , avoiding eye contact

, , short attention span , , , arms folded or legs crossed .
| | Body language is the meaning behind the words or the unspoken language. Surprisingly, studies show that only 10 percent of our communication is verbal. The majority of communication is unspoken. There are some basic interpretations that can help with the understanding of these unspoken meanings. If you dont look someone in the eyes while speaking, this can be interpreted as dishonesty or hiding something. Likewise, shifting eye movements or rapid changing of direction can translate similarly. Other people can tell what type of attitude you have by your attention span. Sometimes you quickly lose focus on the other person or the length of time you focus wanders. This shows through and makes you seem disinterested, bored, and possibly even uncaring. Try not to fold your arms or cross your legs. This can be seen as defensive or an end to the conversation. So have arms hang freely or hold a glass of water or note-taking instruments while communicating with others. Be open with open arms. | |
. , 10% . .
. . .
| |
This shows through and makes you seem disinterested, bored, and possibly even uncaring.
this shows makes and .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
He has a picture that can prove the truth.

2. . This is what I like.
STRUCTURE
Other people can tell what type of attitude you have by your attention span.
.

: < >
Other people can tell
what type of attitude you have () by your attention span
WRITING
1. The majority of communication is unspoken.
10
( )
2. There are some basic interpretations that can help with the understanding of these unspoken meanings. (~ ) 3. This can be interpreted as dishonesty or hiding something. ( ~ ) 4. Other people can tell what type of attitude you have by your attention span.
( )
believe in the color red. He has eaten a red apple. It has been proven to him that the color red exists. But how do you prove the existence of the color red to a blind man? It simply cannot be proven to him that such a thing as red exists since he cannot experience it. Therefore he must believe in it. Red is a belief for the blind man. (B) People are often like the blind man. There are many things in life that simply cannot be proven, and those things require us to simply believe in them. For example, lets take the concept of God. God is a belief for us since we really cannot prove that he or she exists. (A) As a result, many people dont believe in religion since it cannot be proven to them. Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof goes against basic human nature. | |
(C) . . . . ? . . . (B) . , . , . . (A) , , . .
5. Try not to fold your arms or cross your legs.

( / )
Passage
06
| | 1. 2. (C) - (B) - (A) 3. (a) be proven (b) sighted | | 1. Having blind faith in things without a certain
amount of proof goes against basic human nature. .
2. (C) , (B)
the blind man (C) a blind man (B) . (B) (A) (A) .
3. (a) that many things, many things

. (b) sighting , sighted . blind man sighted man .
| |
Belief is only necessary / for those things [(which) we do not know].
which . which know those things.
| | (C) Belief is only necessary for those things we do not know. A sighted man doesnt have to
Answer Keys
11
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
It is strange that he gets up so early.

2. .
Passage
07
| | 1. 2. 3. 4.
.
It is necessary that you go there at once.

3. .
It is not easy to keep a pet. STRUCTURE

Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof goes against basic human nature.
without .
| | 1. the automobile theft business is growing

.
a certain amount of proof

: < >
Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof
2. this is an increase of 14,000 from

the previous year , rising .
goes against basic human nature
WRITING
1. Having blind faith in things without a certain amount of proof goes against basic human nature. ( ) 2. There are many things in life that simply cannot be proven. ( ) 3. And those things require us to simply believe in them. ( ) 4. Belief is only necessary for those things we do not know. ( ) 5. A sighted man doesnt have to believe in the color red. ( )
3. theft business is growing and growing each year

.
4. When cars are at a higher risk of being stolen, all

drivers must pay higher premiums. .
| | Since auto anti-theft technology has much improved, many people would think that there are fewer vehicle thefts than ever before. However, the automobile theft business is still growing and growing each year. As soon as a new anti-theft system is invented, thieves find ways to disable it. It seems that most of the anti-theft systems can not do much about car theft. It was reported that there were 1,200 million vehicles stolen last year and this is an increase of 14,000 from the previous year. The rate has been rising for the
12
last four years. Even if your car has never been stolen, car thefts are costing you money. When cars are at a higher risk of being stolen, all drivers must pay higher premiums. It has been reported that the loss for car owners and insurance companies is more than $8 billion a year. | |
, . . , . . 12 , 14,000 . 4 . , . , . 80 .
: < > The loss for car owners and insurance
companies is more than $8 billion a year
WRITING
1. It seems that most of the anti-theft systems can not do much about car theft.
( )
2. It was reported that there were 1,200 million vehicles stolen last year. (~ ) 3. Even if your car has never been stolen, car thefts are costing you money.
( )
4. The automobile theft business is still growing and growing each year. ( ) 5. It has been reported that the loss for car owners and insurance companies is more than $8 billion a year. ( )
| |
car thefts are costing you money
cost ( ) OP <cost++> . ex. It cost me lots of labor. ( .)
Passage
08
| | 1. 2. 3. varied 4. / | | 1. The Diversity of

Florida s Wildlife and the Reasons( ) .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
I have seen the girl before.

2. ?
Have you ever read an English novel? STRUCTURE

The loss for car owners and insurance companies is more than $8 billion a year.
the loss .
for car owners and insurance companies
Answer Keys
13
2. .
. , varied 3. diverse, .
, .
| |
Florida consists of low, flat land that gently slopes to the ocean on the east and west sides.
that low, flat land . that slopes.
4. The ocean tides along with the

winds have left their mark in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands. .
| | My friends in New York cant believe it! In Florida, there are flamingos on the golf courses and in the public parks! But this is only one example, I could list hundreds more. People are always face-to-face with wildlife wherever they go in Florida. It is one of the most fascinating places for nature lovers. Both Floridas plant life and wildlife are surprisingly diverse and Florida is the most ecologically diverse state after Hawaii and California. Florida consists of low, flat land that gently slopes to the ocean on the east and west sides. The lowland is the reason for the varied ecosystem in Florida. The land was greatly affected by the changing ocean levels over the centuries. The ocean tides along with the winds have left their marks in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands. | |
! ! , . . . . . . .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
She is one of the best pianists in Europe.

2. James .
James is the wisest man that Ive ever met. STRUCTURE

The ocean tides along with the winds have left their marks in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands.
(the ocean tides) ?
along with the winds

: < >
The ocean tides along with the winds have left
their marks () in the form of sand dunes, lagoons and isolated islands
WRITING
1. There are flamingos on the golf courses and in the public parks! ( ) 2. It is one of the most fascinating places for nature lovers. ( ) 3. Both Floridas plant life and wildlife are surprisingly diverse. ( ) 4. Florida consists of low, flat land that gently slopes to the ocean on the east and west sides.
(~ / ~ )
5. The lowland is the reason for the varied ecosystem in Florida. (~ )
14
Review
|A| 01. ~ 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. , , 10. 11. , 12. , |B| 01. talk with arms folded 02. life span 03. believe in God 04. a verbal report 05. an isolated island 06. defensive measures
|C| 01. disinterested 02. the sighted 03. crossed 04. premium 05. wander 06. ecosystem |D| 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10.
Answer Keys
15
Chapter 03
not necessarily ~ a small sum of money announce , aristocracy as a result aspect awful be about to burst be out of reach beneficial , clean up , comparatively , concrete condition , contract () custom debate () define , definition delicacy () , , depending on ~ differentiate , drawback , forum () horrible identity in order to ~ in other words incomplete , interfere with ~ , it takes ~ to do ~ knitting laborer lengthy , look for ~ make oneself heard misrepresent ; moreover , negative overall , overlook , prove provide A for B B A skyrocket , solid , sort out , , stand out , stumbling block , subject surfer survey , ; tedious , term throw away () , turn into ~ virtual worse still , worthwhile ,
Passage
09
| | 1. 2. . / . 3. / / 4. (a) some jobs (b) children | | 1. ,

, .
16
. .
2.
These jobs can provide opportunities for them to get a sense of responsibility while earning money. .
| |
Some jobs are not necessarily dangerous for children.
(not, never) all, every, always, necessary, altogether, quite, both . ~ .
3. ,
.
4. (a) they Some jobs ,

(b) them for children children .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
| | It was reported that about 250 million children (people under the age of 18) are child laborers. Child labor can be defined in many ways depending on who makes the definition. In other words, there is no concrete or solid definition of child labor. Some people view the negative aspects of child labor. In many cases, child laborers work in awful and often horrible conditions. Moreover, they cannot go to school and their childhood is being thrown away. However, some point out an aspect that is not necessarily negative. Some jobs are not necessarily dangerous for children. And they do not interfere with their education. These jobs can provide opportunities for them to get a sense of responsibility while earning money. | |
2 5 (18 ) . . , . . , . , . . .
My teacher gave me a dictionary. <4> My teacher gave a dictionary to me. <3>

2. .
I bought her a book. <4> I bought a book for her. <3>

3. .
He asked me a favor. <4> He asked a favor of me. <3> STRUCTURE

These jobs can provide opportunities for them to get a sense of responsibility.
, (opportunities) . : for them : to get a sense of responsibility < >
These jobs can provide
opportunities (to) for them to get a sense of responsibility
WRITING
1. Child labor can be defined in many ways depending on who makes the definition.
( )
2. There is no concrete or solid definition of child
Answer Keys
17
labor. ( ) 3. Child laborers work in awful and often horrible conditions. ( ) 4. They do not interfere with their education.
(~ )
among the masses of reasons. (A) Everyone likes it when others listen. Bloggers enjoy knowing that many people are reading their blogs. Readers respond to their blogs, too. This proves that what they are doing is worthwhile. Of course, there are others who just like hosting a forum for a healthy debate on a subject. They dont really need to be heard, but they want to make sure all voices can be heard. (C) People enjoy establishing a virtual identity. For many, blogging is one way to announce their presence to the world. Beyond that they are able to make themselves heard, they are also able to be seen as a person that stands out among a crowd of nameless surfers on the Internet. | |
(B) . , , , , , . . . (A) . . . . . , . (C) . , . , .
5. These jobs can provide opportunities for them to get a sense of responsibility.
( ~ )
Passage
10
| | 1. 2. (a) knowing (b) heard 3. | | 1. (B) There are a few that seem to stand out
among the masses of reasons. , (A) (C) (C) Beyond that they are able to make themselves heard (A) (C) (A) .
2. (a) enjoy .
knowing . (b) < make++> heard .
3. ,
. .
| | (B) The popularity of blogging is skyrocketing. There have been blogs about many interesting topics and ideas, including politics, humor, movies, shoes, home improvement, knitting and bowling. Now people wonder what the reasons are. There are a few that seem to stand out | |
This proves / that what they are doing is worthwhile.
that proves . what they are doing, is, worthwhile.
18
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
| | 1.
.
I dont know who he is.

2. .
2. , 19
, . . . . . .
Please tell me what this is. STRUCTURE

This proves that what they are doing is worthwhile.
(worthwhile) .
what they are doing

< >
This proves that what they are doing is worthwhile
3. , it the meal
.
WRITING
1. Bloggers enjoy knowing that many people are reading their blogs.
( )
4.desservirwhich means to clean up after a meal

, desservir .
2. The popularity of blogging is skyrocketing.

( )
| | Even when were so full and were about to burst, we still look for dessert. We need a bite of cake or candy at the end of the meal to make it perfect. The English word dessert came from a French word desservir which means to clean up after a meal. Centuries ago, the custom was to have fruits and nuts for dessert. It gradually turned into desserts. Normally, desserts are sweet food. But sweet dishes for dessert are a comparatively new choice. Before the development of the sugar industry in the 19th century, sweets used to be out of reach for the middle class. It was a rare holiday delicacy. Only the aristocracy could afford sweet dishes in their meals. | |
, . . dessert desservir .
3. Now people wonder what the reasons are.

( )
4. There are a few that seem to stand out among the masses of reasons. ( ) 5. Blogging is one way to announce their presence to the world. ( )
Passage
11
| | 1. 2. 3. 4.

Answer Keys
19
, . . , . . 19 , . . .
Passage
12
| | 1. 2. 3. 4. | |
1. Disadvantages of Online Paid Survey( ) . 2. it s getting harder to differentiate the good ones from the others . , , , . 3. (a), (b), (c), (e) , (d) they survey takers( ) . 4. Since many of them have lengthy and tedious forms, it takes a huge amount of time for survey takers to complete the forms. . since .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
True friends make us happy all the time.

2. .
We believe him to be kind. STRUCTURE

We need a bite of cake or candy at the end of the meal to make it perfect.
need .

: < >
We need
a bite of cake or candy () at the end of the meal () to make it perfect
WRITING
1. Even when we are so full and we are about to burst, we still look for dessert.
( / ~ )
| | In order to find out the opinions held by people on a topic, some companies offer money to people taking surveys on the Internet. This system, while overall beneficial, has some growing drawbacks. One stumbling block is that it is not easy to sort out the good survey companies from the bad ones. There are simply more and more of these types of companies these days and its getting
2. We need a bite of cake or candy at the end of the meal to make it perfect.
( )
3. The English word dessert came from a French word desservir.(~ ) 4. Sweet dishes for dessert are a comparatively new choice. ( ) 5. The custom was to have fruits and nuts for dessert. ( )
20
harder to differentiate the good ones from the others. Sometimes even good ones are overlooked and, worse still, avoided. Since many of them use lengthy and tedious forms, it takes a huge amount of time for survey takers to complete the forms. And they often leave the surveys incomplete. They also hide or misrepresent the terms of the contract to people. As a result, many survey takers dont find out until they are almost finished that they will be getting a small sum of money. | |
, . . . , . , . , . . . .
2. .
It didnt take long to plan my vacation. STRUCTURE

One stumbling block is that it is not easy to sort out the good survey companies from the bad ones.
it .
to sort out the good survey companies from the bad ones
< >
One stumbling block is that ~
WRITING
1. Some companies offer money to people taking surveys on the Internet. ( ) 2. This system, while overall beneficial, has some growing drawbacks.
( )
3. It is getting harder to differentiate the good ones from the others. ( ) 4. It takes a huge amount of time for survey takers to complete the forms. (
)
5. As a result, many survey takers dont find out until they are almost finished. (
)
| |
As a result, many survey takers dont find out until they are almost finished that they will be getting a small sum of money.
<not ~ until ...> ~ , ~ () . .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
It took me an hour to do the work.
Answer Keys
21
Review
|A| 01. , 02. , 03. () , , 04. , 05. , 06. ~ , 07. 08. , 09. , , 10. , 11. , 12. |B| 01. differentiate between fact and fiction 02. overlook a persons mistake 03. negative opinion OstoryP 04. tedious talk 05. interfere with cultural development 06. all delicacies of the season
|C| 01. defines 02. terms 03. sort out 04. announce 05. stumbling block 06. drawback |D| 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10.
22
Chapter 04
pioneer , A as well as B B A acceptable , addict , alien , allow ~ to do ~ at a great pace athlete atmospheric , be composed of ~ (=be made up of) be known as ~ bombardment , carry through , , combine component , consistent with ~ , continent , crust z{() dedicate , ( ) displacement z{( ) , distinguish , ~ electronic , endless , fatty , formation in front of ~ inner core () innovative layer , liquid () make up ( ) mantle z{(() ) map , nerve , , , nutritious , ocean orbit outer core oxygen planet planetesimal () pledge , silicon slim solar system solid () temperature , the boob tube warehouse , whereas ~
Passage
13
| | 1. 2. 3. 4.
/ /
| | 1.
. .
2. inner core outer core

inner core , outer core . .
3. ,
. .
4. ,
Answer Keys
23
, . .
| |
but it is not as hot as the inner core so these elements are in solid form
<not as ~ as> .
| | Following the formation of the Earth, its temperature increased at a great pace because it was being struck by many planetesimals in the solar system. This event is known as the Great Bombardment. As the temperature rose, heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank below the Earths surface, whereas lighter elements remained close to the surface. As a result of this displacement of elements, the Earth is composed of different layers. Scientists distinguish four layers. The inner core is made up of iron and nickel in an almost liquid state since it is so hot. The outer core is also made up of iron and nickel, but it is not as hot as the inner core so these elements are in solid form. The mantle is the next layer, and it is composed of light elements such as silicon, oxygen and magnesium. The mantle is covered by the crust which is made up of the lightest elements on Earth. The mantle is thicker on the continents than the oceans. | |
, . . , , . , . 4 . , . , . , , . . .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. John .
<> John . John broke the window. The window was broken by John.
2. .
<> . The news made her depressed. She was depressed by the news. STRUCTURE
Heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank below the Earths surface.
iron nickel .
heavier elements
: < >
Heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank
() below the Earths surface
WRITING
1. Its temperature increased at a great pace.
( )
2. Heavier elements such as iron and nickel sank below the Earths surface. (~ ) 3. Lighter elements remained close to the surface.
(~ )
4. The inner core is made up of iron and nickel.

(~ )
5. The mantle is covered by the crust.

(~ )
24
Passage
14
| | 1. 2. 3. writing the history 4. | | 1. ,

Galaxiki .
The members of this online community can also make up their own alien creatures with unique histories, but once they start writing the history of one community they must remember to make it consistent with the history of other communities. As one continues writing the history, this becomes harder and harder to do. Traveling between communities within a small amount of time is possible since you can travel faster than the speed of light. The different creatures can thus visit one another. | |
2D Galaxiki , . . . , . , . , . , . .
2. acceptable atmospheres
which will allow various creatures to live( ) .
3. this writing the

history .
4. Traveling between communities

within a small amount of time is possible since you can travel faster than the speed of light. The different creatures can thus visit one another. .
| |
some planets have acceptable atmospheres which will allow various creatures to live
allow , to .
| | You can travel to an endless number of stars, moons and planets using Galaxiki software with its innovative 2D map. The software is simple to use and popular among people with a general interest in space as well as science fiction addicts. The orbits of the planets can be controlled by the software. Furthermore, it can also control the atmospheric conditions on each planet and some planets have acceptable atmospheres which will allow various creatures to live.
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
He gave the poor man money as well as

advice.
2. , .
She has a house in Seoul as well as a villa in

Busan.
Answer Keys
25
STRUCTURE
Traveling between communities within a small amount of time is possible.
.
| | 1.
, .
2. while
many few .
traveling between communities

: < >
3. .
You should be determined to change your lifestyle in order to have a healthy eating habit. ( .)
Traveling between communities within a small amount of time
is possible
| | WRITING
1. The software is simple to use and popular among people with a general interest in space as well as science fiction addicts.
(~ / ~ )
2. Some planets have acceptable atmospheres which will allow various creatures to live.
( )
3. The members of this online community can also make up their own alien creatures with unique histories. ( ) 4. They must remember to make it consistent with the history of other communities. (~ ) 5. You can travel faster than the speed of light.
(~ )
Nothing is more true than the saying, You are what you eat. To perform to your best, you have to put the right foods into your body. Slim athletes dont eat fatty burgers. While many people pledge to begin eating healthy foods, few have the nerve to carry through for any length of time. It seems easy enough, but changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do. When youre tired after work, fast food is just so easy. After that fast food dinner, you have some ice cream and chips in front of the boob tube. Its just so easy; thats your lifestyle. So you really have to be dedicated and have a strong mind to change and make healthier and more nutritious choices. | |
. . , . .
Passage
15
, . , , . , . , TV . . . , .
| | 1. 2. 3. change your lifestyle / a healthy eating habit
26
| |
Nothing is more true than the saying, You are what you eat.
.
Passage
16
| | 1. 2. 3. (warehouse)
.
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. . <> / . <>
She has few books. / She has a few books.

2. . <> / . <>
4. (a) to make (b) was played | | 1.

.
There is little water in the bucket. / There is a

little water in the bucket.
STRUCTURE
Changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do.
(changing eating habits) ?
2. Some people argue that the name came from ~

, The origin of the name house music is uncertain.( .) . . . . .
when lifestyles dont change

: < >
Changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do
3. (warehouse)
, .
( )
WRITING
1. To perform to your best, you have to put the right foods into your body. ( ) 2. Few have the nerve to carry through for any length of time.
( () / )
4. (a) to , (b)
.
| | Electronic dance music is commonly known as house music. DJs in large dance clubs in the city of Chicago were the pioneers of house music in the mid 1980s. They combined different components of disco, funk and other danceable genres together to make house music. The origin of the name house music is uncertain. Some people argue that the name came from a
3. It seems easy enough. ( ) 4. Changing eating habits when lifestyles dont change is never easy to do. ( ) 5. You have to have a strong mind to change.
( )
Answer Keys
27
special type of party that was popular in Chicago in the late 70s and early 80s. They were called warehouse parties since they were held in huge warehouses. House music was played there. There was also a popular club in Chicago called the Warehouse. | |
. 1980 . , , . . 70 80 . . . the Warehouse .
other danceable genres

< > ()
They combined different components of disco, funk
and other danceable genres together () to make house music
WRITING
1. Electronic dance music is commonly known as house music. ( ~ ) 2. DJs in large dance clubs in the city of Chicago were the pioneers of house music.
( / )
3. They combined different components of disco, funk and others together.

( )
4. The origin of the name is uncertain.

( )
| |
There was also a popular club in Chicago called the Warehouse.
called <+be> which is .
5. They were called warehouse parties.

( ~ )
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
Review
|A| 01. , 02. ~ (=be made up of) 03. , 04. , 05. ~ , 06. , ( ) 07. 08. , 09. 10. , 11. , 12. ~
We do not live to eat, but eat to live.

2. .
I am glad to meet you.

3. .
He is rich enough to buy a large house. STRUCTURE

They combined different components of disco, funk and other danceable genres together to make house music.
(combine together) . ()
different components of disco, funk and
28
|B| 01. intensive bombardment 02. healthy and nutritious food 03. consistent with the existing values 04. fill the warehouse of wine 05. dedicate ones life to science 06. be composed of particles |C| 01. innovative 02. addict 03. oxygen 04. whereas 05. components 06. pledges
|D| 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10.
Answer Keys
29
Chapter 05
rely on ~ , ~ additional , affect ~ air purifier allergy as ~ as possible ~ asthma be better off , ~ be disappointed be exposed to ( ) be responsible for ~ building supplies capture chemicals , detail detect , diseases distinguish emit feat , five-digit function , furnishings , genetics (); gifted (=talented) give off , in turn indoor industrialization let in and out manmade , means , neglect , ; pastime , perceive photographic pollute rate released remarkable , review , ; sensitive skeptical , sources , surpass toxic trailer ; under ones control ~ unfortunately ventilation viral vision
Passage
17
| | 1. 2. 3. | | 1. ,
, skeptical() .
2.
. , Ways to Identify Good Movies in Your Area( ) .
30
. 3. . .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. .
Im not sure whether she is an honest girl (or

not). = Im not sure if she is an honest girl.
2. .
We dont know whether he will come (or

not). = We dont know if he will come.
| | Going to watch a film at the local cinema is a favorite pastime of many people. Before leaving the house, however, you must check if the picture selected is worth the money. In order to choose the right one for your evening, you should get reviews of recently released movies. If you missed the reviews in your local paper, youll be sure to find some on the Internet. You might even find some that your local newspaper wouldnt have. Youll also be able to watch movie trailers on the Internet. By watching the trailers, you will get a good idea whether you want to go and see the movie or not. You should be, however, a little skeptical when watching trailers. It could be that the director has chosen the best scenes for the trailer. After youve watched the film, you might be disappointed since there werent any additional fantastic scenes. | |
. , . , . , . . . . . . , .
STRUCTURE
You must check if the picture selected is worth the money.
if . ~ if .
the picture selected

: < >
You must check money
if the picture selected is worth the
WRITING
1. Going to watch a film at the local cinema is a favorite pastime of many people.
( )
2. You must check if the picture selected is worth the money. ( ) 3. You might even find some that your local newspaper wouldnt have.
( )
4. You should be a little skeptical when watching trailers. ( ) 5. You might be disappointed since there werent any additional fantastic scenes.
( )
Answer Keys
31
Passage
18
| | 1. 2. 3. 4. were (actually) born smart / were not born

smart
| | 1. 50% ,
50% . 50% . .
poor memory neglect or genetics? Researchers have proven that the way our brain functions is a result of genetics and the environment. It can be said that 50% of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources, while the other 50% is under our control. So there are some that are born better off than others just as some people are born with more wealth than others. But there are many people who have equaled or surpassed them with hard work, and this is the same with your brain. Fifty percent of your brain power is a direct result of its environment what it is exposed to, the training it receives. And it can be developed to surpass the gifted ones. | |
. . , ? , ? . 50% , 50% . . , . 50% , . .
2. ,
and this is the same with your brain( ) .
3. ones brains , the gifted ones

.
4.
, . While there are some people who were actually born smart, others who were not born smart can develop and improve their brains. ( , .)
| |
But there are many people [who have equaled or surpassed them with hard work]
who many people .
| | Some people cannot remember a five-digit passcode. Others have a photographic memory and can remember specific details of a scene really well. Why do some people have excellent memories while others do not? Is the cause of a
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. , .
Some went fishing, and others went climbing.
32
2. . .
| | 1. this problem is more likely to affect men than

women .
Some drink a cup of coffee in the fast-food

restaurant. Others stop to buy the morning paper.
2.
. (C) .
STRUCTURE
Fifty percent of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources.
(ability) ?
3. Carrots contain vitamin A, which

provides the chemicals that the eye shafts and cones are made of. , eating carrots improves your vision .
to remember
: < >
Fifty percent of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources
| | It is actually true that eating carrots improves your vision. Carrots contain vitamin A, which provides the chemicals that the eye shafts and cones are made of. The shafts are responsible for perceiving things in black and white. The cones capture color images. (It is reported that one out of 30 people is color blind, and this problem is more likely to affect men than women.) Healthy eyes are so sensitive to light that a candle burning in the dark can be detected 1.6 km (1 mile) away. The human eye can distinguish about 10 million different colors. Currently, there is no machine that can achieve this remarkable feat. | |
WRITING
1. Some people cannot remember a five-digit passcode. ( ) 2. Others can remember specific details of a scene. ( ) 3. The way our brain functions is a result of genetics and the environment.
( )
4. Fifty percent of our ability to remember relies on genetic sources. ( ) 5. It can be developed to surpass the gifted ones.
(~ )
Passage
19
. A , A . . . (30 , .) 1.6(1) . .
| | 1. 2. 3.
Answer Keys
33
4. One out of 30 people is color blind.

(30 )
| |
Healthy eyes are / so sensitive to light / that a candle [burning in the dark] can be detected 1.6 km (1 mile) away.
<so ~ that ...> ~ . burning in the dark a candle .
5. There is no machine that can achieve this remarkable feat. ( )
Passage
20
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. 2 , .
| | 1. 2. 3.
.
He has two sons, who live in Seoul.

2. .
I have a black dog, which runs very fast. STRUCTURE

that the eye shafts and cones are made of .
| | 1.
. .
the chemicals
: (provide the chemicals) . ()
2. (a) air purifiers environment()

. (b) unhealthy( ) . (c) , pollutants( ) .
vitamin A
: A < >
Carrots contain vitamin A, which provides the chemicals that ~
3. Many homes are designed to let in and out as

little outside air as possible. . , .
WRITING
1. It is actually true that eating carrots improves your vision. ( ) 2. Carrots contain vitamin A, which provides the chemicals. ( ) 3. The shafts are responsible for perceiving things in black and white. (~ )
| | The industrialization of society led to the creation of many machines and products which made mans life easier. Unfortunately, this in turn has led to more pollution. And we are starting to invent machines like air purifiers to maintain a healthy environment for humans to live in.
34
You will be surprised to learn that there are many sources of indoor air pollution. Oil, gas and cigarettes pollute the air with toxic smoke. And building supplies such as paint and furnishings such as carpet and some pressed wood furniture give off chemicals which are also unhealthy. Air conditioners are also the source of pollution. Almost everything that is manmade will emit some kind of chemical which isnt good for us. Many homes are designed to let in and out as little outside air as possible. Unless they are built with special mechanical means of ventilation, these homes have unhealthy levels of pollutants in the air which are raising rates of allergies, asthma, colds and other viral diseases. | |
. , . . . , , . . . . . , , , .
GRAMMAR Quiz
1. () .
He has no pen to write with.

2. ( ) .
She has no paper to write on. STRUCTURE

Building supplies such as paint and furnishings such as carpet and some pressed wood furniture give off chemicals which are also unhealthy.
wood furniture .
some / pressed
: paint .
building supplies
furnishings .
carpet some pressed wood furniture

< >
Building supplies ~ and some pressed wood furniture give off chemicals which are ~
WRITING
1. Many machines and products made mans life easier. ( ) 2. We are starting to invent machines like air purifiers. (~ ) 3. You will be surprised to learn that there are many sources of indoor air pollution.
( )
4. Almost everything that is manmade will emit
| |
Almost everything [that is manmade] / will emit / some kind of chemical [which isnt good for us].
that which , Almost everything some kind of chemical .
some kind of chemical. ( ) 5. Many homes are designed to let in and out as little outside air as possible.
( )
Answer Keys
35
Review
|A| 01. ~ 02. , 03. 04. , 05. (); 06. , 07. , 08. 09. 10. , 11. 12. |B| 01. emit harmful gasses 02. a means to fight poverty 03. advantage of natural ventilation 04. detect the smell of smoke 05. perceive things in black and white 06. achieve a great feat in the field
|C| 01. Genetics 02. skeptical 03. affects 04. pastime 05. surpasses 06. sensitive |D| 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10.
36

English Reading - Level 1-A

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English Reading - Level 1-A

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Aim High Reading | Level 1-A

come into effect compared to composition consider

slim split spot

the number of thoughtfulness tip

, n . dying ~ end up -ing extra

unique various vast

for instance freshwater

Life Sport Music

Mothers Day tip [tip]

be at a loss , unique [ju;n;k]

demonstrate[dmnstrit] , ordinary ( extraordinary) as well spot [spt] ,

thoughtfulness [^;tflnis] appreciate [pr;iit] , touch [t<t]

Aim High Reading

a dilemma fun boring an issue different

We made the person leave.

He will make his daughter a teacher.

make <+> , , Tips ~ , .

you give a Mothers Day gift

The place you give a Mothers Day gift shows

a lot of thought as well

this year for Mothers Day?

2. They are often

at a loss about what to do

end up getting the same old gifts

4. Here are some tips

to make your Mothers Day gift more unique

shows a lot of thought as well.

Science Technology Nature

consider [knsd] secondly [skndli]

absorb [bs;b] particle [p;tikl] depending on ~

reflect [riflkt] travel [trvl]

various [vris] for instance

substance [s=bstns] , molecule [mlkj;l] , vegetation [vd,tin] ,

composition [kmpzn] tissue [tu;] ()

disperse [disp;s] , combine with ~

Aim High Reading

(a) explaining (b) dispersed

There are several things to consider.

Tips . (several things)

1. . I need someone to talk to 2. . He studied hard to become

the yellow / of the plants

1. There are several things to consider when explaining

2. First, we must consider

the oceans ability to absorb and reflect

3. For instance, blue light travels into the ocean water,

4. The molecules in the ocean absorb blue light at first,

the blue light waves combine with the yellow

tissue of the plants.

Social Culture Business

freshwater [frew;t] book [buk]

moreover [m;ruv] , the number of ~

saltwater [s;ltw;t] , due to ~

split [split] , (split-split-split)

fishing rods and reels

Aim High Reading

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1. . As I get older 2. . As she was tired

fishing rods, reels

to book ~, to buy ~, and to eat ~ near any of ~

, , that the opportunities to fish are

2. Moreover, , there are plentiful

has grown a lot.

5. As fishing tourism is growing