Serotonin

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter whose effects are mediated by at least 13 distinct G protein-coupled receptors of the type A family which includes the monoamine receptors and a combination of ligand-gated ion channels of the Cys loop family which constitutes heteropentamers. 5-HT receptors are currently divided into seven classes, based on structural, transductional and operational features. While this degree of physical diversity clearly underscores the physiological importance of serotonin, evidence for an even greater degree of operational diversity is supported by the existence of a great number of splice and editing variants for several 5-HT receptors, their possible modulation by accessory proteins and chaperones, as well as their potential to form homo or heteromers both at the GPCR and at the ligand-gated channel level. 80% of our bodys total serotonin is located in the gut. The rest is synthesized in the serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system.The 20% of synthesized serotonin works constantly with the serotonin receptors located in the cell membrane of nerve cells. Alterations in serotonin levels in the brain may affect a persons mood. For example: antidepressants are used to help prevent depression with the help of serotonin. Serotonin is also a main cause of why drugs are addictive. As a neurotransmitter it makes you happy/feel good and humans are addicted to that feeling.

5-HT = 5-Hydroxytryptamine-moleculer form of serotonin

Serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine is a hormone in the pineal gland, the digestive tract, the central nervous system, and blood platelets.
The molecular formula of serotonin is C10H12N2O. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter - this is a chemical substance that transmits nerve impulses across the space between nerve cells or neurons. We call these spaces synapses.

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232248.php

80% of our bodys total serotonin is located in the gut. The rest is synthesized in the serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system.The 20% of synthesized serotonin works constantly with the serotonin receptors located in the cell membrane of nerve cells. Alterations in serotonin levels in the brain may affect mood. For example, antidepressants, i.e. it is used to help prevent depression. Serotonin is neurotransmitter that plays an important role of regulating our mood, sleep and even how we learn.

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter whose effects are mediated by at least 13 distinct G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of the type A family which includes the monoamine receptors and a combination of ligand-gated ion channels (5-HT3) of the Cys loop family which constitutes heteropentamers. 5-HT receptors are currently divided into seven classes (5-HT1 to 5-HT7), based on structural, transductional and operational features.

While this degree of physical diversity clearly underscores the physiological importance of serotonin, evidence for an even greater degree of operational diversity is supported by the existence of a great number of splice and editing variants for several 5-HT receptors, their possible modulation by accessory proteins and chaperones, as well as their potential to form homo or heteromers both at the GPCR and at the ligand-gated channel level.