CHL331 Fluid Particle Mechanics

Tutorial-1:
1. From literature, find out one industry, where operations on particles are involved.
Note the name unit operation and particles size and shape involved before and after
the operations. Do not use the example shown in lecture.
2. For a regular cuboid particle of dimension 12! m
m"
, calculate the following
diameters#
$a% the e&uivalent volume sphere dia, $b%the e&uivalent surface sphere dia, $c%the
surface 'volume diameter$d% the sieve diameter, $e%the pro(ected area diameter.
". )epeat the above example for a regular cylinder of dia *.1 mm and length 1.*
mm
+. Determine the sphericity of a cube and cylinder given in problem 2 and ".
,. -an any nonspherical particles $a cylinder with ./D01 and a cube of unit
dimension % have the sphericity011 -hec2 the specific surface area of the above
geometries with a sphere of unit dimension. -omments on the results.
!. )epeat the exercise 2 for a disc shaped particle of dia 2mm and length *., mm
3. Find the Feret4s and 5artin4s dia of the following geometry.
Tutorial-2:
6. 7ou will need the e&uations relating specific surface $8v% to number fre&uency and
also to mass fraction $both per micron%.
$i%. 9he cumulative size distribution of a powdered material may be represented as a
straight line on a : number undersize versus particle diameter $x% graph passing through
the points *: by number at 1 ;m and 1**: by number at 1*1 ;m. 9he e&uation for
N
*
$x% is#
N
*
$x%0...
a# x<1 b# x/1**<1 c# x/1**<*.*1 d# x<1**
Note, wor2 in fractional terms and N=9 percentages.
$ii%. 9he e&uation for n
*
$x% is# n
*
$x%0...
a# 1 b# 1/1** c# 1** d# x/1**<1
$iii%. >hat is the shape of the n
*
$x% graph given by your answer to
part $ii%1
$iv%. 9he best e&uation to use for calculation of specific surface is#
$v%. 9he specific surface area per unit volume is $;m?1%#
a# *.*1" b# *.*+, c# *.*,@ d# *.*3@
$vi%. Now convert your answer into one with 8A units#
$vii%. Af the sphericity of the material is really *.@ the specific surface is $;m
?1
%#
a# *.*31 b# *.*66 c# *.*!! d# *.*,"
@. $i%. 9he specific surface of another size distribution having the same limits as that
given in &uestion 6 but on a mass distribution N
"
$x% basis is $;m?1%#
a# *.*1" b# *.1"6 c# *.233 d# *.,,+
$ii%. 9he 8auter mean diameter of the distribution in part $i% is $;m%#
a# ,*.* b# +"., c# 21.3 d# 1*.6
1*. Following volume distribution was derived from a sieve analysis
8ize
$m%
"3<+, +,<," ,"<!" !"<3, 3,<@* @*<
1*!
1*!<
12!
12!<
1,*
1,*<
16*
16*<
212
Bolume
:
*.+, ".1 11 21.6 23." 22 1*.1 ".@ *.+ *
$a%Cstimate the mode, median, mean of the volume distribution
$b%From the volume distributions derive the number distribution and the surface
distribution.
$c%Determine specific surface area of data given in problem 3.
11. Af the above distribution be fitted with )osin<)ammler distribution, find out the mean
particle size and specific surface area.
$Dse the table of gamma function.%
N"$x%
1
1
]
1

,
_

n
x
x
x N
2 . !"
"
exp 1 % $
>here n is a constant, called the uniformity constant.
Tutorial-3:
11. At is desired to separate a mixture of crystals into three fractions, a coarse fraction
retained on an 6 mesh screen, a middle fraction passing an 6 mesh but retained on a 1+
mesh screen and a fine fraction passing a 1+ mesh. 9he screen analysis of the sample are
given below. 9he mesh sizes are conforming to the 9yler standard. Essuming the analysis
are accurate, find out the ratio by weight of each of the three fractions.
8creen Feed -oarse fraction 5iddle fraction Fine fraction
"/+ "., 1+
+/! 1, ,* +.2
!/6 23., 2+ ",.6
6/1* 2"., 6 "*.6 2*
1*/1+ 1! + 16." 2!.3
1+/2* @.1 1*.2 2*.2
2*/26 ".+ *.3 1@.!
26/", 1." 6.@
",/+6 *.3 +.!
1** 1** 1** 1**
9he screens have capacity + metric tons/m2.h.mm mesh size. Fow many s&uare
meters of screen are needed for each of the screens if the feed to the first screen is
1**tons/h1
12. Find the Fausner ratio$F.).0Final tapped density/initial freely settled bul2 density%
from the given data points and comment on the flowability of the material.
Tutorial-4
1". -alculate the terminal settling velocity of a &uartz $sp. Gravity 01.2*% sphere *.**6@
cm in diameter, in air at ,*
*
- and 1 atm. Determine the diameter of a sphere with sp
gravity +.* having same terminal settling velocity. Essume ideal gas law for air.
1+.Find out the 8to2es dia in terms of d
v
and d
s
. Find the
sv8t2
/! of a cuboid particle of
dimension 1#1#2.
1,. Drea pellets are made by spraying drops of molten urea into cold gas at the top of a
tall tower and allowing the material to solidify as it falls. Hellets ! m in diameter are to
be made in a tower 2, m high containing air at 2*
o
-. 9he density of urea is 1.""* 2g/m
"
.
Biscocity of air is 1*
<,
Ha8. $a% >hat would be terminal velocity of the pellets, assuming
free settling conditions1 $b% >ould the pellets attain @@ percent of this velocity before
they reached the bottom of the tower1
1!. E steel ball, with diameter Dp 0 "m and density I
p
0 3.! x 1*
"
2g/m
"
is dropped in a
li&uid with density I 0 1.2 x 1*
"
2g/m
"
. 9he average time for the ball to drop a distance of
*., m is 1*.*s. >hat is the viscosity1
13. 8eparation of particles in free settling based $a% on their diameter $b% on their sp.
Gravity.
Harticles of different sizes $*.*1mm and .2mm in dia % of same material $sp.
gravity 2% are to be separated. Fow will you separate them into two fraction one upto
*.1cm and another fraction from *.1<*.2 mm1
Harticles of same sizes $*.*1mm and *.2mm in dia% of two different materials $sp
gravity 2 and 1., % are to be separated by flow. Fow will you separate them1 -an you
separate them completely1