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1. An 8-gram object is attached to a
spring that requires a force of 1000
dynes to extend its length 5 cm
greater than its natural length. What is
the period of the springs simple
harmonic motion? Ans. 1.26 s

2. A simple pendulum has a period of 1
s in Manila, where g is exactly 32 ft/s
2
.
This pendulum is taken to Cebu
where it is found to lose 20
oscillations per day. What is the
acceleration due to gravity in Cebu?
Ans. 32.185 ft/s
2


3. A string 100 cm long has a frequency
of 200 vibrations per second. What is
the frequency of this string under the
same tension but cut to half in length?
Ans. 400 vps

4. A 1-m string has a mass of 4 grams
and frequency of 250 vibrations per
second. Another string, same length
but mass is 1 g, is put to the same
tension as the first. What is the
frequency of vibration? Ans. 500 vps

5. Sound with a frequency of 1000 Hz is
produced when the air temperature is
15 degrees centigrade. What is the
wavelength of this sound? Ans. 1.12
ft/cycle

6. Compute the speed of sound in the
steel rails of a railroad track. The
weight density of steel is 490 lb/ft
3
.
Modulus of elasticity for steel is
29x10
6
psi. Ans. 1.6x10
4
ft/s

7. A researcher notices that the
frequency of a note emitted by a car
horn appears to drop from 284 Hz to
266 Hz as the car passes by him.
From this observation, he is able to
calculate the speed of the car. What
value does he obtain for the speed (in
mph) if the speed of sound is said to
be 1100 ft/s? Ans. 24.5 mph

8. A man has a concave shaving mirror
whose focal length is 20 in. How far
should the mirror be held from his
face in order to give an image of two-
hold magnification? Ans. 10 in

9. A flat bottom swimming pool is 8 ft
deep. How deep does it appear to be
filled with water whose refractive
index is 4/3? Ans. 6 ft

10. The length of a microscope tube is 10
cm. The focal length of the objective
lens is 0.5 cm and the focal length of
the eyepiece is 2 cm. What is the
magnifying power of the microscope?
Ans. 250

11. A certain farsighted person has a
minimum distance of distinct vision of
150 cm. He wishes to read type at a
distance of 25 cm. What focal length
glasses should he use? Ans. 30 cm

12. What is the energy content of 1 gram
of water? Ans. 9x10
13
J

13. How many nuclei are there in 1 kg of
aluminum if the atomic mass of
aluminum is 26.98 g/mol? Ans.
2.35x10
25


14. If the average distance the free
electrons travel between collisions in
copper is 4x10
-8
m, in a span of 1
second, what is the time between
collisions? The average electron
speed in copper is 1.21x10
6
m/s. Ans.
3.3x10
-14
s

15. Find the deBroglie wavelength
corresponding to an electron with
energy 1, 10
4
or 10
5
eV. Neglect any
corrections connected with the theory
of relativity. Ans.

16. Calculate the wavelength of the first
line in the visible (Balmer) series of
the hydrogen spectrum, for which the
electron transition is from orbit 3 to
orbit 2. Ans. 6560 A

17. At what velocity is the mass of a
particle twice its rest mass? Ans.
2.664x10
10
cm/s

18. An observer moves past a meter stick
at a velocity that is one-half the
velocity of light. What length does he
measure for the meter stick? Ans.
86.6 cm

19. A man planned of building a house.
The cost of construction is P500,000
while annual maintenance cost is
estimated at P10,000. If the interest is
6%, what is the capitalized cost of the
house? Ans. P666,667

20. At 6% per annum, find the capitalized
cost of a bridge whose cost is P250M
and life is 20 years, if the bridge must
be partially rebuilt at a cost of P100M
at the end of each 20 years. Ans.
P295,308,323.10

21. An investment, consisting of deposits
of P1000, P1500 and P2000 are
made at the end of the 2
nd
year, 3
rd

year and 4
th
year, respectively. If
money is worth 10%, what is the
equivalent present worth of the
investment? Ans. 3319.45

22. Carmelo Anthony is earning an
annual salary of $5M for 10 years
from the Knicks. The Lakers would
like to acquire his services as a
replacement for Kobe Bryant. They
offered Anthony an initial annual
salary of $3M but is increasing at the
rate of $600,000 annually. If he can
still play in the NBA for 10 years and
money is worth 10%, where should he
play and why? Ans. Lakers,
$235,276 more annually.

23. A machine costing P720,000 is
estimated to have a book value of
P40,545.73 at the end of 10 years.
Depreciation cost is computed using a
constant percentage of the declining
book value. What is the annual rate of
depreciation? Ans. 25%

24. An equipment cost P10,000 with a
salvage value of P500 at the end of
10 years. Calculate the annual
depreciation cost by sinking fund
method at 4% interest? Ans. P791.26

25. If you borrowed money from your
friend with simple interest of 12%, find
the present worth of P50,000 which is
due at the end of 7 months. Ans.
P46,728.97

26. What nominal rate, compounded
semi-annually, yields the same
amount as 16% compounded
bimonthly Ans. 16.32%

27. In year 0, you invest P10,000.00 in a
15% security for 5 years. During that
time, the average inflation is 6%. How
much, in terms of year 0 pesos will be
in the account at maturity? Ans.
15,030.03

28. Money is deposited in a certain
account for which the interest is
compounded continuously. If the
balance doubles in 6 years, what is
the annual percentage rate? Ans.
11.55%

29. The mass of a rectangular bar of iron
is 320 g. It is 2x2x10 cm in
dimensions. What is its specific
gravity? Ans. 8

30. Find the force acting on the bottom of
an aquarium having a base 1 ft by 2 ft
and containing water to a depth of 1
ft? Ans. 124.8 lb

31. How much pressure is needed to
raise water to the top of the Empire
State Building, which is 1250 ft high?
Ans. 542 psi

32. A steel shaft 12 ft long and 8 in in
diameter is part of a hydraulic press
used to raise up cars in a garage.
When it is supporting a car weighing
3200 lb, what is the decrease in
length of the shaft? E for steel is
29x10
6
psi. Ans. 0.000316 in

33. A ship is being towed by a tug by
means of a steel wire. If the drag on
the ship is equivalent to 2x10
6
lb and
if the breaking strain of the wire is
0.025, what is the smallest
permissible diameter of wire that may
be used? Ans. 1.87 in

34. By how much will the de Broglie
wavelength of a particle increase if the
momentum of a de Broglie wavelength
of the particle is decreased by 30%?


=
h
mv
' =
h
0.70 mv ( )
= 1.429
h
mv
= 1.42
' = + 0.429 Ans


Note: Answer is 43%, closest to 0.429

35. An particle with a mass of 4 kg is initially
at rest. How much kinetic energy does
this particle will have if a force of 10 N is
applied to it for 10 second?
Excel Review Center ECE Refresher Course GEAS
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Ft = Amv
10 N ( )10 s ( )= 4 kg ( )v; v = 25 m/s
KE =
1
2
mv
2
=
1
2
4 kg ( ) 25
m
s
|
\

|
.
|
2
= 1250 J

36. What is the radius of curvature of a
mirror that will produce an image twice
the normal size when a person stands 2
feet in front of it?

1 1 1
2R i o
1 1 1
; R = 8 cm Ans
0.5R 4 2
= +
= +

37. A machine part can be made of either
steel (density = 7800 kg/m
3
) or
magnesium-aluminum alloy (density =
2600 kg/m
3
). If steel is used, the mass
of this machine part will be 46 kg. What
will be the mass of this machine part if
magnesium-aluminum alloy is used?


=
m
v
; v =
m

=
46 kg
7800
kg
m
3
= 5.9 10
3
m
3
=
m
v
; m = v = 2600
kg
m
3
|
\

|
.
|
5.9 10
3
m
3
( )
m= 15.3 kg Ans

38. A compound microscope has a focal
length of its objective and eyepiece of
3.5 cm and 6.5 cm, respectively. What is
the angular magnification of the
microscope if a person using it has a
near point of 30 cm?

o e
16 25
M m m 18x Ans
3.5 6.5
= = =

39. A ball of mass 10 kg is attached to the
end of a string and is swung in a circle
of radius 4 m with a constant linear
velocity o 2 m/s. While the ball is in
motion, the string is shortened to 2 m.
What is the change in the period of the
motion?

Get the initial angular momentum:

( ) ( ) ( )
2
L = mvr
L = 10 2 4
m
L = 80 kg
s


Solve for the initial period:

( )
2
T =
v
2 4
T =
2
T = 12.56 s
r t
t


Since the angular momentum is
conserved, after shortening the string:

2
L' = L
m
L' = 80 kg
s


Solve for the new velocity:

( ) ( )
2
L' = mv'r'
m
80 kg
s
v' =
10 2
v' = 4 m/s


Solve for the new period:

( )
2 '
T' =
v'
2 2
T' =
4
T' = 3.14 s
r t
t


From 12.56 s, the period decreased to
3.14 s, which is a decrease by a factor
of 4.

40. A solid sphere with a mass of 12 kg and
radius of 8 cm rolls without slipping
down an inclined plane, starting from
rest, from a height of 2 m to ground
level. Assuming no frictional losses,
what is the translational velocity of the
sphere when it is rolling across the
ground?

Use the Law of Conservation of Energy:

( )
translational rotational
PE KE KE
mgh mv I
mgh mv mr
gh v r
v
gh v r
r
gh v v
gh v
m
v . m
s
v .
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
2
2
1 1
2 2
1 1 2
2 2 5
1 1
2 5
1 1
2 5
1 1
2 5
7
10
10
9 81 2
7
5 29 m/s Ans
= +
= + e
| |
= + e
|
\ .
= + e
| |
= +
|
\ .
= +
=
| |
=
|
\ .
=


41. Suppose we have two charges, 4 x 10
-4

C and 8 x 10
-4
C, with an initial
separation of 3 m. What is the change in
potential energy if we increase the
separation to 8 m?

( ) ( ) ( )
1 2
2 1
9 4 4
1 1
PE Kq q
r r
1 1
PE 9 10 4 10 8 10
8 3
PE 600 J Ans

| |
A =
|
\ .
| |
A =
|
\ .
A =


42. Calculate the wavelength of the line in
the Balmer series with the longest
wavelength.

Johann Balmers Formula:

2 2
7
1 1 1
R n = 3,4,5,6
2 n
R = 1.097 10 / m
(
=
(

( )
7
2 2
1 1 1
1.097 10 / m
2 3
656 nm Ans
(
=
(

=


43. What is the wavelength of a quantum
radiation whose energy is 3.05 x 10-19
J?

( ) ( )
34 8
19
E hf
c
E h
hc
E
6.63 10 3 10
3.05 10
652 nm Ans

=
=

=

=

=


44. What is the energy in electronvolts of a
photon of green light of wavelength 546
nm?

( )
8
34
9
19
19
E hf
c
E h
3 10
E 6.63 10
546 10
1 eV
E 3.64 10 J
1.6 10 J
E 2.28 eV Ans

=
=

=


45. What is the fractional part of the iceberg
that is above the seawater surface if its
specific gravity is 0.90 and that of
seawater 1.03?

Note: The portion of the iceberg that is
underwater must displace enough
seawater to support its own weight

submerged seawater
submerged seawater
submerged seawater
submerged seawater
submerged
seawater
W W
mg mg
Vg Vg
0.90
87.4%
1.03
=
=
=
=

= =

Since 87.4% is submerged, 12.6% is
above the seawater.


46. A stone (density is 1500 kg/m
3
) has a
volume of 1500 cu. cm. It is dropped
into a swimming pool with maximum
depth of 6 feet. When the stone is lying
on the bottom of the pool, what is the
magnitude of the normal force on the
stone?

( )
buoy fluid submerged
3
3
buoy 3 3 3
buoy
F V g
kg 1 m 9.81N
F 1000 1500 m
kg m 100 m
F 14.7

c
c
N
=
| | | | | |
=
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
=
( )
brick
3
3
3 3 3
normal
Vg
kg 1 m 9.81N
1500 1500 m
m 100 m kg
22.05
22.05 14.7 7.35
Weight

c
c
N
F N Ans
=
| | | | | |
=
| | |
\ . \ .\ .
=
= =

47. The light meter in your camera indicates
that your film is properly exposed at a
shutter speed of 1/50 s and an aperture
setting of f/16. However, to photograph
a bird flying across the part, you must
shorten the exposure time to 1/200 s to
avoid blurring. What should the new
aperture setting be?

Excel Review Center ECE Refresher Course GEAS
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For a photographic camera, light is
prevented from getting in the camera by
means of a shutter. When you press the
button, the shutter momentarily opens
and image is captured. The shutter
needs to be open only a small fraction of
a second to record an image. Shutter
speed is the length of the time during
which the shutter is open. The faster the
shutter speed (shorter time the shutter is
open), the faster the object can be
moving and still produce a sharp image.

Aperture refers to the lens opening. The
size of the aperture is often measured
by the f-value or the f-number.


f number =
focal length
lens diameter
f number =
f
d


Therefore, if the aperture setting is f-16
it means that the diameter is 1/16 of the
focal length:

f
f number
d
f
f 16 16
f
16
=
= =

If the shutter speed is adjusted from
1/50 s (20 ms) to 1/200 s (5 ms) means
shortening the exposure by a factor of 4.
Therefore, the aperture should be
increased to 4 times its original area to
have proper exposure. Since area is a
function of the square of the diameter,
diameter will be doubled to quadruple
the area. Hence:

( )
f
f number
d
f
f number
f
2
16
f
f number
f
8
f number 8
f - 8 Ans
=
=
=
=




48. Find the ratio of the momentum of a
muon traveling at a speed of 0.990c to
the value computed from the
nonrelativistic definition of momentum.

( )
2
2
relativistic
nonrelativistic
relativistic
2
nonrelativistic
2
relativistic
2
nonrelativistic
2
relativistic
nonrelativistic
mv
v
1
P
c
P mv
P 1
P
v
1
c
P 1
P
0.990c
1
c
P
7.09 Ans
P

=
=

=


49. A spacecraft exploring a distant galaxy
is moving very rapidly toward a strange
star that emits a yellow light of
frequency 5.0x1014 Hz, measured in a
net frame of the planet. What frequency
does the spacecraft crew observe for
the light if their velocity relative to the
star is 0.095c?

Relativistic Doppler Effect: Another
effect of time dilation is the shift in the
frequency found for light emitted by
atoms in motion as opposed to light
emitted by atoms at rest.

( )
observed source
14
observed
14
observed
v
1
c
f f
v
1
c
1 0.095
f 5 10
1 0.095
f 5.5 10 Hz Ans
+
=

+
=

=


50. A rectangular drinking trough for
animals is 1.9 m long, 53.1 cm wide and
30.7 cm deep. A 1.95x10
5
g sample of
liquid with density of 1.55 kg/dm
3
is
placed in it. Calculate the height of the
liquid in the trough.

3
3 3
kg 1000g g 1 dm
1.55 1.55
1 kg 10 cm dm cm
| |
=
|
\ .

3
5 5 3
1 cm
V 1.95 10 g 1.26 10 cm
1.55 g
| |
= =
|
\ .

( ) ( )
5 3
V length width height
1.26 10 cm 190cm 53.1cm height
height 12.5 cm Ans
=
=
=


51. A thumbtack is pushed into a piece of
wood by applying a force of 15 N to the
head of the tack. The radius of the point
is 0.1 mm and the radius of the head is
5 mm. What is (a) the pressure applied
to the head of the tack and (b) the
pressure exerted by the point on the
wood.


P
a
=
F
A
=
15 N
t 0.005 m ( )
2
= 1.9 10
5
Pa Ans
P
b
=
F
A
=
15 N
t 0.0001 m ( )
2
= 4.8 10
8
Pa Ans


52. What is the fluid pressure at the bottom
of the ocean where the depth is 8000
m?

Note: The density of sea water is
1.025x10
3
kg/m
3

( )
3
3 2
7
kg m
P gh 1.025 10 9.81 8000 m
m s
P 8.04 10 Pa Ans
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .
=

53. Two persons both 132 lb stand 2 m
apart. What is the gravitational attraction
between them?

( )
( )
1 2
2
2
2
2
11
2 2
8
m m
F G
d
1 kg
132 lb
2.2 lb Nm
F 6.67 10
kg
2 m
F 6 10 N Ans

=
| |
|
| |
\ .
=
|
\ .
=


54. A water tank is 8 m in diameter and 12
m high. If the tank is completely filled,
determine the tangential force on the
tank.


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
F hA
F 9810 12 8 0.001
F 941.76 N Ans
= e
( =

=


55. A steel rod with a cross-sectional area
of 150 mm
2
is stretched between two
fixed points. The tensile load at 20C is
5000 N. What will be the stress at -20C
if the coefficient of linear expansion is
11.7x10
-6
/C?

( ) ( ) ( )
thermal tensile
6 9
2
P
E T
A
5000
11.7 10 200 10 40
1
150
1000
127 MPa Ans

o = o + o
o = o A +
o = +
| |

|
\ .
o =

56. A helical spring is made by wrapping
steel wire 20 mm in diameter around a
forming cylinder 150 mm in diameter.
Compute the number of turns required
to permit an elongation of 100 mm
without exceeding a shearing stress of
140 MPa. G = 83 GPa.

( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
3
max 3
3
6
3
3
4
3
4
9
2
16PR d
1
4R d
16P 0.075
0.02
140 10 1
4 0.075
0.02
P 2748.9 N
64PR n
Gd
64 2748.9 0.075 n
0.1
N
83 10 0.02
m
n 18 turns Ans
(
t = +
(
t
(
= +
(
( t

=
o =
=
| |

|
\ .
=


57. What is the maximum thickness of a
steel plate in which a 4.2-in diameter
hole can be drilled? Assume that for this
material, the maximum shearing
strength is 50 ksi and the maximum
compressive strength is 60 ksi.

Solve for force P using normal/axial
stress given:


( )
( )
2
2
2
2
P
A
lb P
60,000
in
4.2
4
lb
P 60,000 4.2
4 in
o =
=
t
t | |
=
|
\ .


Use this force P in getting the shear
stress:
( )
( )
2
2
2
P
A
lb
60,000 4.2
4 lb in
50,000
4.2 t in
t 1.26 in Ans
t =
t | |
|
\ .
=
t
=


( )
( )
2
2
2
P
A
lb
60,000 4.2
4 lb in
50,000
d 0.5 in in
t 1.67 in Ans
t =
t | |
|
\ .
=
t
=


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58. A 3-meter solid steel shaft, with an
unknown diameter, twists by 5 degrees
as it is stressed by 60 MPa. What is the
diameter of the solid steel shaft?
Assume that G = 83 GPa.

( )
4 9
2
6 4
TL
JG
T 5 m
5
180 N
d 83 10
32 m
T 237.03 10 d
u =
t
=
t | |

|
\ .
=



t =
16T
td
3
60 10
6
N
m
2
=
16 237.03 10
6
d
4
( )
td
3
d = 49.7 mm Ans



59. For a heavy spring supporting a load of
3.5 kN, solve for the maximum shearing
stress if it is made from a 30-mm
diameter wire and is turned 35 times
with a radius of 100 mm. Assume that G
= 83 GPa.

( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
3
max 3
3
max 3
3
max 3
max
16PR 4m 1 0.615
4m 4 m d
2R D 200 mm
m 6.67
d d 30 mm
16 3500 0.1 4 6.67 1
0.615
6.67 4 6.67 4
0.03
16 3500 0.1 4 6.67 1
0.615
6.67 4 6.67 4
0.03
808 kPa Ans
(
t = +
(
t
= = = =
(
t = +
(

( t

(
t = +
(

( t

t =


60. A structure is made up of a steel rod 1.5
m high and 100 mm in diameter and is
wrapped by an iron shell that is 15 mm
thick. What is the compressive force
needed if the structure is to be
compressed by 1.5 mm? For iron, E =
100 GPa.

The force needed to compress the
entire structure is the sum of forces
needed to compress the steel rod and
the iron shell.

Solve for the force needed to compress
the iron shell:

( )
( ) ( )
iron
iron
iron
2 2 9
iron
P L
AE
P 1.5 m
0.015
0.13 0.1 100 10
4
P 172,500 N
o =
=
t

= t


Solve for the force needed to compress
the steel rod:


( )
( ) ( )
steel
steel
steel
2 9
steel
P L
AE
P 1.5 m
0.015
0.1 200 10
4
P 1570796.33 N
o =
=
t

=


Get the sum of the two forces:


P
total
=172,500t N + 1570796.33 N
P
total
= 2113 kN Ans


61. A steel wire has a diameter of 10 mm. It
is suspended vertically from one end
and carries only its own weight. What is
the maximum length of the wire that is
capable of carrying a maximum axial
stress of 50 MPa?

Specific gravity of steel = 7.85

For wires suspended at one end and
carries only its own weight:

( )
wire water
6
2 3
L SG L
N N
50 10 9810 7.85 L
m m
L 650 m Ans
o = =
| |
=
|
\ .
=


62. Low-carbon structural steel has a
shearing ultimate strength of
approximately 45,000 lb/in
2
. A 1-inch
hole is punched through a plate of this
steel 3/8 in thick. If the modulus of
elasticity in shear for this material is 12 x
10
6
lb/in
2
, find the shear strain at the
edge of this hole when the shear stress
is 21,000 lb/in
2
.

G
21, 000
12, 000, 000
0.00175 radians Ans.
t
=
=
=


63. A single rivet is used to join two plates.
If the diameter of the rivet is 20 mm and
the load is 30 kN, what is the average
shearing stress developed in the rivet?
Note: The rivet hole is usually 1.5 mm
larger in diameter than the rivet.

( )
2
7
2
30, 000N
0.0215 m
4
N
8.26 x 10
m
82.6 MPa Ans.
t =
t
t =
t =


64. A 0.6-m diameter flat circular manhole
cover on a level street was 5 feet below
the rainwater surface during the flood
that hit Manila due to the southern
monsoon rain. Determine the force
exerted by the water on the manhole
cover.

( )
( )
2
2
3
F
p
A
F pA
F gh A
kg N m
F 1000 9.81 5ftx 0.3 m
kg 3.28ft m
F 4228.2 N Ans
=
=
=
| | | | | |
(
= t
| | |
(

\ . \ . \ .
=

65. What power would a short shaft, 50 mm
in diameter transmit at 400 rpm?

Use the formula for the power
transmitted of a short shaft

3
6
D N
P
0.83 x 10
=

3
6
50 (400)
P
0.83 x 10
P 60 kW Ans
=
=


66. Given a solid steel shaft, 100 mm in
diameter and 1300 mm long, subjected
to twisting moment of 3x10
6
N-mm. The
torsional modulus of elasticity of this
shaft is 80,000 N/mm
2
. What is the
torsional deflection?

4
584TL
D G
o =


( )
6
4
584 3 x 10 (1300)
100 (80000)
0.285 degrees Ans
o =
o =


67. A block of lead is placed in a container
filled with liquid and is subjected to a
gauge pressure of 800 atom. What is
the fractional change in density of the
lead? (Bulk modulus of lead is 5.2x10
2

N/m
2
)
5
2
10
2
N
800 1.103 10
P m
N B
5.2 10
m
0.0016 16% increase Ans
| |

|
A A
\ .
= =

A
= =

68. Given a copper wire of length 2 m and
diameter of 1 mm. How long will the wire
be stretched if a 15 kg mass is
suspended at its end. Youngs modulus
of copper = 10 x 10
10
N/m
2

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
10
2
PL
AE
m
15 kg 9.81 2 m
s
N
0.001 m 10 10
4 m
3.75 mm Ans
o =
| |
|
\ .
o =
t ( | |

| (
\ .
o =


69. A man standing at the foot of a tower
throws a ball vertically upward at a
certain velocity. On its way up, the time
for the ball to reach the top of the tower
is 1 sec while on its way down, the time
for the ball to reach the top of the tower
is 2 sec. Find the height of the tower.

( ) ( ) ( )
1 2
1
h gt t
2
1
h 32.2 1 2 32.2 s Ans
2
=
= =


70. A man throws an apple vertically upward
at the foot of a cliff 40 m high while his
wife simultaneously drops another apple
from the top of the same cliff. The two
apples collide at an altitude of 20
meters. What was the initial speed of
the apple that was thrown upward?

( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
o
2
2
o
2
o
o
1
y V t at
2
1
20 9.81 t
2
t 2.019 s
1
y V t at
2
1
20 V 2.019 9.81 2.019
2
V 19.81 m/s Ans
=
=
=
=
=
=


71. A ball is swung in a vertical circle with
constant speed at the end of a 1-m
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rope. What must be the period of the
motion for the ball to be weightless at
the top of the swing?

Note: weightlessness means that there
would be zero tension un the rope and
yet it would remain straight.

( ) ( )
2
2
F = ma
T + W = ma
v
0 + mg = m
r
v gr
v = 9.81 1
v = 3.13 m/s

=


Get the period:

( )
2
T =
v
2 1
T =
3.13
T = 2 s
r t
t


72. A ball is thrown with an initial horizontal
velocity of 30 m/s from a height of 3 m
above the ground and 40 m from a
vertical wall/. How far from the wall will
the ball rebound for the first time?

Analyze first the vertical component of
the motion:

( )
2
oy y
2
1
y V t a t
2
1
3 0 9.81 t
2
t 0.782 s
=
=
=


Get the horizontal distance traveled by
the ball in this time (t = 0.782 s) by
analyzing the horizontal component of
the motion:

( ) ( )
2
ox x
1
x V t a t
2
x 30 0.782 0
x 23.46 m
=
= +
=


Since it has traveled by 23.46 m, it
means that it is 16.54 m from the wall
the first time it bounces.

73. A racing car passes one end of the
grandstand at a speed of 50 ft/s. It slows
down at a constant acceleration a, such
that its speed as it passes the other end
of the grandstand is 10 ft/s. If this
process takes 20 s, what is the length of
the grandstand?

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
o
2
ft ft
10 50
v
s s
a
t 20s
ft
a 2
s
1
x V t at
2
1
x 50 20 2 20
2
x 600 ft Ans

A
= =
A
=
A =
A =
A =


74. A plane can travel 100 mph without any
wind. Its fuel supply is 3 hours, which
means that it can fly 300 miles without a
wind. The pilot now proposed to fly east
with a tail wind of 10 mph and to return
with, of course, a head wind of 10 mph.
How far can he fly and return without
running out of fuel?

If there is no head/tail wind, how far can
he travel and return without running out
of fuel? Ans: 150 miles

If there is head/tail wind, it should be
less than 150 miles:

1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
t t 3 hr
d d
3 hr
v v
d d d
d d
3 hr
100 10 100 10
d = 148.5 miles Ans
+ =
+ =
= =
+ =
+

75. What is the distance travelled by a car
for 30 s if it has an initial speed of 60
kph and is decelerating at 9
m/min/sec?


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
o
2
2
o
2
v 60 kph = 16.67 m/s
m 1 min
9
m
min 60 s
a 0.15
s s
1
s v t at
2
1
s 16.67 30 0.15 30
2
s 432.6 m Ans
=

= =
=
=
=


76. A flywheel, in the form of a uniform
disk 4 ft in diameter, weighs 600 lb.
What will be its angular acceleration if
it is acted upon by a net torque of 225
lb-ft? The rotational inertia of the
wheel is 0.5mr
2
.

2
W mg
W 600 lb
m 18.63 slugs
ft g
32.2
s
=
= = =


( ) ( )
2
2
2
1 1
I mr 18.63 2
2 2
I 37.3 slugs ft
= =
=


( )
2
2
T I
225 lb ft = 37.3 slugs ft
rad
6 Ans
s
= o
o
o =


( ) ( ) ( )
f i
F t P
F t mv mv
F 3 0 6000 55.55
F 111.11 kN Ans
A = A
A =
=
=


77. In a gymnasium with a ceiling 30 ft
high, a player throws a ball towards a
wall 80 ft away. If he releases the ball
5 ft above the floor with initial velocity
of 55 ft/s, determine the highest point
at which the ball could strike the wall.

At the highest point:

( )
( ) ( )
y y
y
y
y
2 2
f o
2
o max
o
o
V V 2ay
0 V 2 32.2 y
V 2 32.2 25
V 40.12 ft/s
=
=
=
=


y x
x y
x
x
2 2 2
o o o
2 2
o o o
2 2
o
o
V V V
V V V
V 55 40.12
V 37.62 ft/s
= +
=
=
=


( )
x
2
o x
1
s V t a t
2
80 37.62 t 0
t 2.13 s
=
= +
=


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
y
2
o y
2
T
T
1
y V t a t
2
1
y 40.12 2.13 32.2 2.13
2
y 12.41
y 12.41 5
y 17.41 ft Ans
=
=
=
= +
=


78. A skier is filmed by a motion-picture
photographer who notices him
traveling down a ski run. The skier
travels 36 ft during the fourth second
of the filming and 48 ft during the sixth
second. What distance did he cover in
the eight seconds of filming? Assume
that the acceleration is uniform
throughout.

f o
f o
V V v
a
t t t
A
= =
A


4
th
second is from t = 3s to t = 4s. Get
the velocity when t = 3s and consider
this as the initial velocity during the 4
th

second

( ) ( )
2
o
2
o
o
1
s v t at
2
1
36 v 1 a 1
2
36 v 0.5a eq 1
=
= +
= +


6
th
second is from t = 5s to t = 6s. Get
the velocity when t = 5s and name this
as the final velocity (even though this
is actually the initial velocity during the
6
th
second)

( ) ( )
2
o
2
f
f
1
s v t at
2
1
48 v 1 a 1
2
48 v 0.5a eq 2
=
= +
= +


At this point, you have vo which is the
velocity at t = 3s and you also have vf
which the velocity at t = 5s. From t = 3s
to t = 5s, the total time difference is 2s.

o
f
o f
f o
0.5a 36 V
0.5a 48 V
36 V 48 V
V V 12
=
=
=
= +


f o
f o
o o
2
V V v
a
t t t
V 12 V
a
2
a 6 ft/s
A
= =
A
+
=
=


You have now the value of the constant
acceleration. This time, get the exact
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value of the velocity when t = 3s. This is
your vo from equation 1.

( )
o
o
o
36 v 0.5a
36 v 0.5 6
v 33 ft/s
= +
= +
=


At this point, get the velocity when t = 0
and assign this as vo. Assign vo (which
is the velocity when t = 3s) as the final
velocity for the period from t = 0 to t =
3s.


v
f
= v
o
at
v
o
= v
o
' at
33 = v
o
'+ 6 ( ) 3 ( )
v
o
' = 15 ft/s


Solve for the distance after 8s.


s = v
o
' t +
1
2
at
2
s = 15 ( ) 8 ( )+
1
2
6 ( ) 8 ( )
2
s = 312 ft Ans



79. Two rough planes A and B, inclined,
respectively, at 30 and 60 to the
horizontal and of the same vertical
height, are placed back to back. A
smooth pulley is fixed to the top of the
planes and a string passed over it
connecting two masses, the first of
0.2 slug resting on plane A and the
other of mass 0.6 slug resting on
plane B. The coefficient of kinetic
friction on both planes is
1
3
. Find
the acceleration of the system.






















Box 2:


EF
x
= ma
m
2
gsin60 T N
2
= m
2
a
EF
y
= 0
N
2
= m
2
gcos60
m
2
gsin60 T m
2
gcos60 = m
2
a 1


Box 1:


EF
x
= ma
Tm
1
gsin30 N
1
= m
1
a
EF
y
= 0
N
1
= m
1
gcos30
Tm
1
gsin30 m
1
gcos30 = m
1
a 2


Add equation 1 and 2:


Tm
1
gsin30 m
1
gcos30 +
m
2
gsin60 T m
2
gcos60 = m
1
a +m
2
a
Tm
1
gsin30 m
1
gcos30 +
m
2
gsin60 T m
2
gcos60 = m
1
+m
2
( )a
a =
m
1
gsin30 m
1
gcos30 +
m
2
gsin60 m
2
gcos60
m
1
+m
2
a = 5.9 ft/s
2
Ans


80. Two bodies having masses 30 g and
40 g are attached to the ends of a
string of negligible mass and
suspended from a light frictionless
pulley. Find the acceleration of the
lighter body.














Use Newtons 2
nd
Law (F=ma)

For the first box, take the upward
direction as the positive direction



EF
y
= ma
Tm
1
g = m
1
a 1


For the second box, take the downward
direction as the positive direction



EF
y
= ma
m
2
g T = m
2
a 2


Add equation 1 and 2:


Tm
1
g+m
2
g T = m
1
a +m
2
a
m
2
gm
1
g = m
1
a +m
2
a
m
2
m
1
( )g = m
1
+m
2
( )a
a =
m
2
m
1
( )g
m
1
+m
2
a =
40g 30g ( ) 9.81 ( )
30g+ 40g
a = 1.4 m/s
2
Ans




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T
T
W
2
W
1
Box
1
Box
2
F
1
F
2
N
1
N
2
3
0

6
0

T
T
m
2
g
m
1
g