Class exercise 2.

August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

PHOTO
NAME Luis Echeverría Álvarez
Presidential Period 1970-76
Born 17/01/1922 in Mexico City
- went to elementary school and highschool in Mexico City
­studied law at the UNAM and graduated with a bachelors degree in
law in 1945
Early Life and Educa-­aleady during his time at the university he founded the group Mun-
tion do Libre Juvenil de México, the magazine México and la Universidad
PRI
Political party
­at the age of 22 he became private secretary of the party president
Rodolfo Sánchez Taboada
­1964-1970: Interior Secretary under President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
Political Career
­nationalized the mining and electrical industries
­redistributed private land in the states of Sinaloa and Sonora
to peasants
­opposed American "expansionism”
­imposed limits on foreign investment
­is accused of irresponsible government spending, increasing
inflation
­During his period, the country's external debt soared from $6
billion in 1970 to $20 billion in 1976. This caused the ruling
party, at least in terms of its economic policies, to gradually
Economic Policy lose prestige at home and abroad.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Echeverr%C3%ADa

http://www.economia.com.mx/luis_echeverria_alvarez.htm
Source (WWW)
B.J. Thomas - Raindrops Keep Faling On My Head 1970
Barry White - Can't Get Enough Of Your Love, Babe 1974
The Hues Corporation - Rock The Boat 1974
Top 5 songs playing at Don Mclean - American Pie 1972
the time Roberta Flack - Killing Me Softly With His Song 1973

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

PHOTO
NAME José López Portillo y Pacheco
Presidential Period 1976-1982
Born 16/06/1920 in Mexico City

­studied law at the UNAM and graduated with a lawyer’s degree in

Early Life and Educa-1946
tion ­1950 he received his Phd. in law

Political party PRI (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)

­entered the public service of the PRI in 1959
­he held several positions in the administrations of his two pre-
decessors before being appointed to serve as finance minister
Political Career under Luis Echeverría, from 1973 to 1975.
­undertook an ambitious program to promote Mexico's econo-
mic development with revenues stemming from the discovery
of new petroleum reserves in the states of Veracruz and Ta-
basco by Petróleos Mexicanos
­His opponents internationally and domestically accused Ló-
pez Portillo of "rampant corruption," "excessive overseas bo-
rrowing," galloping inflation (which continued with his succes-
Economic Policy sor), and responsibility for devaluations of the peso.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_L%C3%B3pez_Portillo
Source (WWW)
Donna Summer - Bad Girls 1979
Bee Gees - Stayin' Alive 1978
Chic - Le Freak 1978
Top 5 songs playing at Diana Ross & Lionel Richie - Endless Love 1981
the time Queen - Another One Bites The Dust 1980

PHOTO
1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:
NAME Miguel De La Madrid Hurtado
Presidential Period 1982-1988
Born 12/12/1934 in Colima

­at the age of 18 he started studying law at the UNAM

Early Life and Educa- ­1964 he was granted a scholarship at Haravard University and ear-
tion ned within one year a Masters Degree in Public Administration
Political party PRI (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)
­1963 became a member of the PRI
­1976 he was chosen to serve in José López Portillo’s cabinet as se-
cretary of budget and planning
Political Career ­July 4, 1982 he won the elections and became president
­market oriented
­introduced liberal economic reforms that encouraged foreign invest-
ment
­privatisations of outdated state-run industries
­reduction on tariffs
­1986: Mexico entered the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Economic Policy (GATT)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_la_Madrid
Source (WWW) http://www.economia.com.mx/miguel_de_la_madrid_hurtado.htm
The Police - Every Breath You Take 1983
Lionel Richie - Hello 1984
White Snake - Here I Go Again 1987
Top 5 songs playing at Stevie Wonder - Part Time Lover 1985
the time Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes - Time Of My Life 1987

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

PHOTO
NAME Carlos Salinas
Presidential Period 1988-94
Born April 3, 1948

He graduated with a degree in Economics from the National

Autonomous University of Mexico in 1969. He obtained a
Master of Public Administration in 1973, a Master of Arts in
1976,[citation needed] and a PhD in Political Economy and Gov-
Early Life and Educa- ernment in 1978, all from Harvard's John F. Kennedy School
tion of Government and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.
Political party PRI
government post as minister of the Bureau of Planning and
Budget (Secretaría de Planeación y Presupuesto), where he
Political Career served from 1982-1987.

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

•Renegotiated the external debt through the Brady Plan.

•From 1975-1988, inflation had reached historic levels, up
to a peak of 159.17% in 1987, a year before his term star-
ted. By the end of his term, inflation had been reduced to
7.05% in 1994, the lowest figure in 22 years. Shortly after
leaving office, due to the December Mistake, inflation rose
to 51.48%.
•From 1975-1988, the peso had devalued from .125 MXP
per U.S. dollar, to 2.65 MXP per dollar. During his term, the
peso devalued from 2.65 MXP to 3.60 MXN, by 30 Novem-
ber 1994, the last day of his term; thus the peso devalued
far less than it had in the two previous terms. The peso de-
valuated from 4 dollars to 7.2 in a single week due to the
December Mistake.
•Negotiated the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA), with the United States and Canada.
•He continued a privatisation programme initiated by his
predecessor, by which the government retained only a few
of the hundreds of companies and small business that were
nationalized, mainly during the 1970s. One of the most im-
portant privatizations was Telmex, which remained a mono-
poly until mid-1990s, and which was sold to a consortium
led by Carlos Slim Helú. Arguably, Salinas might have priv-
ileged him, as many critics point out, in the same way he
had privileged Salinas Pliego with the privatization of
Imevisión (later TV Azteca) over the rest of the bidders, all
those deals were related with corruption according with the
majority of the Mexican population.[citation needed] As a res-
ult, the number of state-owned industries continued to drop,
from approx. 600 in 1988 to a minimal 250 in 1994.
Economic Policy
Source (WWW) www.wikipedia.com
Madonna - Like A Prayer 1989
B 52 - Love Shack
UB40 - Red Red Wine 1988
Nirvana - Smells Like Teen Spirit 1992
Whitney Houston - I Will Always Love You 1992
Top 5 songs playing at Meat Loaf - I'd Do Anything For Love (But I Won't Do That)
the time 1993

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

PHOTO
NAME Ernesto Zedillo
Presidential Period 1994-2000
Born 27 December 1951
Ernesto Zedillo was born on December 27, 1951 in Mexico
City. His parents were Rodolfo Zedillo Castillo, a mechanic,
and Martha Alicia Ponce de León. Seeking better job and
education opportunities for his children, his parents moved to
Mexicali, Baja California.
His humble origins made him appreciate the idea of progress
and self improvement, even though he was well aware of the
few opportunities he had for this. Zedillo was educated in
public schools in Mexicali where he was recognized as an ex-
cellent student. During his adolescence, young Ernesto act-
ively participated in school events, such as alumni societies
and head of the school newspaper.

In 1965, at the age of 14, he returned to Mexico City. In 1969

he entered the National Polytechnic Institute, financing his
studies by working in the National Army and Navy Bank
(nowadays Banjercito). He graduated as an Economist in
1972 and began lecturing. It was among his first group of stu-
dents where he met his wife, Nilda Patricia Velasco with
whom he has 5 children: Ernesto, Emiliano, Carlos, Nilda Pa-
tricia and Rodrigo.

In 1974 he pursued his master's and Ph.D. studies at Yale

University. His doctoral thesis was titled: "Mexico's public ex-
ternal debt: recent history and future growth related to oil".
Early Life and Educa-
tion
Political party PRI

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:
Zedillo began working in the Bank of Mexico (Mexico's cen-
tral bank), as a member of the Institutional Revolutionary
Party, where he supported the adoption of macroeconomic
policies for the country's improvement. By 1987 he was na-
med under-secretary of Planning and Budget Control in the
Secretariat of Budget and Planning. In 1988 at the age of
thirty-six he headed that secretariat. During his term as Se-
cretary, Zedillo launched a Science and Technology reforma-
tion.
In 1992 he was appointed Secretary of Education by presid-
ent Carlos Salinas, a year later he resigned to run the elector-
al campaign of Luis Donaldo Colosio, the PRI's presidential
candidate.
Political Career

His political motto was Bienestar para tu familia. His most

lasting act of government was the creation of Progresa, a
poverty-fighting program based on subsidizing the poorest
Economic Policy families provided their children go to school.
Source (WWW) wikipedia.com
Alanis Morissette - Ironic 1996
Seal - Kiss From A Rose 1995
Aerosmith - I Don't Want To Miss A Thing, 1998
Top 5 songs playing at Spice Girls - Wannabe 1997
the time Santana featuring Rob Thomas - Smooth 1999

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

PHOTO
NAME Vincente Fox Quesada
Presidential Period 2000-2006
Born July 2, 1942
Fox spent his childhood and adolescence at the family ranch
in San Francisco del Rincón in Guanajuato. He moved to
Mexico City to attend the Universidad Iberoamericana where
he pursued a business degree until 1964, and he earned his
diploma in Top Management Skills from the Harvard Business
Early Life and Educa- School in the United States. He didn't graduate from the Uni-
tion versidad Iberoamericana until early 2000's[6]
Political party PAN
With the support of Manuel Clouthier, Vicente Fox joined the
Partido Acción Nacional on March 1, 1988. That same year
he ran for and was elected to the federal Chamber of Depu-
ties representing the Third Federal District in León,
Guanajuato.
After serving in the Chamber of Deputies, Fox sought the
governorship in Guanajuato in 1991, but lost to Ramón
Aguirre Velázquez of the PRI. Following the election, local
discontent was so great that the state Congress appointed
Carlos Medina Placencia of the PAN as interim governor.[6]
Four years later, Fox decided to run again, winning by a vote
Political Career of 2 to 1; thus, he became the new governor.[10]

- much of the legislation he proposed was not passed, includ-

Economic Policy ing tax reforms and measures to encourage investment
1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:
www.wikipedia.com
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Vicente_Fox_Quesada.aspx?js
Source (WWW) e=1
Usher - Yeah 2004
Destiny’s Child - Independent Women 2000
Outkast - Hey Ya! 2003
Top 5 songs playing at Nickelback - How You Remind Me 2001
the time Eminem - Lose Yourself 2002

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:

PHOTO
NAME Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa
Presidential Period 1 DEC 2006-present
Born August 18, 1962
bachelor's degree in law from the Escuela Libre de Derecho. Later 
on, he received a master's degree in economics from the Instituto 
Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) and a Master of Public 
Early Life and Educa- Administration from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at 
tion Harvard University.
Political party PAN
Calderón served as a representative in the Federal Chamber of 
Deputies, which is a little like the House of Representatives in 
United States Politics. In 1995 he ran for governor of the state of 
Michoacán, but lost to Lázaro Cárdenas, another son of a famous 
political family. He nevertheless went on to national prominence, 
serving as national chairman for the PAN party from 1996 to 1999. 
When Vicente Fox (who is also a member of the PAN party) was 
elected president in 2000, Calderón was appointed to several im­
portant posts, including director of Banobras, a state­owned devel­
Political Career opment bank, and Secretary of Energy.

Social Investment - Improve health care access, improve educa-

tion access, increase housing availabiliy
Economic Stability - balanced budgets, reduce public debt
Rule of Law - zero tolerance of corruption, fight smuggling
Competitiveness - improve tax system, boost job creation, promote
innovation,streamline government
Economic Policy Regional Development - promote tourism, invest in transportation
1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.
 Class exercise 2. August 27th, 2009

Student’s Name: ____Kori Roys__/_Janina Petri________ ID # _898937__JP: 898744

Complete the following table:
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
srv/world/documents/Calderoneconomicpolicy.pdf

www.wikipedia.com
Source (WWW)
1."Aliado Del Tiempo" ­ Mariano Barba
2."Down" ­ R.K.M & Ken­Y
3."Mas Alla Del Sol" ­ Joan Sebastian
Top 5 songs playing at 4."Hips Don't Lie" ­ Shakira Featuring Wyclef Jean
the time 5.

1.

1
AFTER REVIEWING THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THIS PRESIDENTIAL PERIOD,
USE YOUR OWN CRITERIA TO NAME IT.