4.2 Specific Heat Capacity. Heat Capcacity 1. The Heat Capacity , C , of an object is defined as the ..

required to raise its temperature by 1C or 1 K. The unit of heat capacity is or JK-1. . The ener!y required , " is !i#en by the formu$a% &here ' is the chan!e in temperature , in C or K. (. )hen an object is heated, ener!y " is .. The heat ener!y absorbed &i$$ increase the .. of the mo$ecu$es. *s a resu$t, its temperature ... )hen the object is coo$ed, the ener!y " is +. The heat capacity of an object depends on a, - e!% a !reater mass of &ater requires a .amount of heat to boi$. b, . of subtance - an object &ith a heat capacity stores a !reater amount of heat &hen it is heated to a particu$ar temperature. i.e % &ater has !reater heat capacity than iron. .pecific Heat Capacity 1. The specific heat capacity, c , of a substance is the to produce a 1C or 1 K in temperature in a mass of ./!. The unit of heat capacity is J/! -1C-1 or .

. The Heat ener!y $oss or !ained , " is !i#en by the formu$a%

&here ' is the chan!e in temperature , in C or K, m is the mass of the substance, in /!. (. *n object &ith .. specific heat capacity &i$$ increase temperature faster and requires .. heat ener!y to raise its temperature by 10C. 1t a$so &i$$ coo$ do&n .. due to its stored .. amount of heat ener!y. +. *n object &ith hi!her specific heat capacity needs to be heated up, and contains or stores .. heat ener!y. 2. The princip$e of conser#ation of ener!y % Heat ener!y $ost 3 heat ener!y !ained

Ca$cu$ation% There is 2 type of questions Case 1 , " 3 mc' Ho& much heat ener!y is required to raise the temperature of heat capacity of &ater is + 55 J/! -1C-1 /! of &ater from 2C to its boi$in! point4 The specific

Case % e$ectrica$ ener!y 3 6t 3 " 3 mc' * 155 ) e$ectric heater is used to heat + /! of oi$ for 15 minutes. *ssumin! that there is no $oss of heat, ca$cu$ate the temperature rise of the oi$. The specific heat capacity of oi$ is 1785 J/! -1C-1

Case (% potentia$ ener!y 3 m!h 3 " 3 mc' The &ater temperature at the top of a 55 m hi!h &aterfa$$ is 5 C. )hat is the &ater temperature at the bottom of the &aterfa$$4

Case + % /inetic ener!y 3 9 m# 3 " 3 mc' * bu$$et tra#e$in! at 55 ms-1 hits a sand ba!. The temperature of the bu$$et rises by 25C. *ssumin! that a$$ the /inetic ener!y of the bu$$et is con#erted into heat ener!y &hich heats up the bu$$et, ca$cu$ate the specific heat capacity of the bu$$et.

Case 2 % mi:in! t&o substances. i, 55 ! of hot &ater at 75C is mi:ed &ith 155 ! of co$d &ater at 5 C. )hat is the fina$ temperature of the &ater4

ii, * copper sphere of mass 255 ! is heated by ;unsen burner for se#era$ minutes before bein! immersed into /! of &ater at (5 C. The fina$ temperature of the &ater is 25 C. Ca$cu$ate the temperature if the sphere before it &as dropped into the &ater. The . * b$oc/ of copper &ith a mass of 2 /! is coo$ed form 155C to room temperature < =C, Ho& much heat is re$eased by the copper b$oc/4 The specific heat capacity of &ater is (75 J/! -1C-1

(. >etermine the specific heat capacity of a $iquid, if (55 /J is required to heat

/! of the $iquid form 2 C to 72C.

+. The temperature of 15 /! if a substance rises by 22 C &hen heated. Ca$cu$ate the temperature rise &hen substance is heated usin! the same quantity of heat.

/! of the

?:ercise 1. * b$oc/ of copper &ith a mass of 2 /! is coo$ed form 155C to room temperature < =C, Ho& much heat is re$eased by the copper b$oc/4 The specific heat capacity of &ater is (75 J/! -1C-1

. >etermine the specific heat capacity of a $iquid, if (55 /J is required to heat

/! of the $iquid form 2 C to 72C.

(. The temperature of 15 /! if a substance rises by 22 C &hen heated. Ca$cu$ate the temperature rise &hen substance is heated usin! the same quantity of heat.

/! of the

+. * $ead bu$$et of mass 7 ! mo#in! &ith a #e$ocity of 5 ms-1 is brou!ht to rest by a &ooden tar!et. *ssumin! a$$ the heat produced is !ained by the bu$$et. )hat is the rise in temperature of the bu$$et4 <The specific heat capacity of $ead is 1 5 J/! -1K-1,

2. *n a$uminium b$oc/, mass 255 !, is heated by a 25 ) e$ectrica$ heater embedded in it. The heater ta/es 1 minutes to raise the temperature if the b$oc/ from 2C to (5C. Ca$cu$ate the specific heat capacity of a$umimnium. @. * piece of iron of mass 5. /! at 155C is dropped into a p$astic cup containin! +5 ! of &ater at 5 C. Aind the fina$ temperature of the &ater. <The specific heat capacity of &ater is + 55 J/! -1K-1,

=. The heat capacity of a piece of iron of mass 1.7/! is = 5 J K -1 , &hat is the specific heat capacity of iron4

7. The specific heat capacity of a$uminium os 1 55 J/! -1K-1 . )hat is the heat capacity of a piece of a$uminium of mass (55 !4

8. The a#era!e specific heat capacity of a human body is appro:imate$y (255 J/! -1K-1.* certain Japanese sumo &rest$er has a body mass of 55 /!. )hat is the &rest$erBs heat capacity4

15. * 2 /! !o$d bar coo$s from its me$tin! point <15@5C, to room temperature <(5C, the specific heat capacity of !o$d is 1+5 J/!-1K-1 . Ho& much heat is $ost by the !o$d bar4 11. *n a$uminium b$oc/ ha#in! a mass of 55 ! at a temperature of 155 C is dropped into +55 ! of &ater at (5 C. *ssumin! that no heat is $ost . )hat is the fina$ temperature reached by the &ater4 <The specific heat capacities are % a$uminium 3 855 J/!-1K-1, &ater 3+ 55 J/!-1K-1

1 . *n e$ectric /ett$e de$i#ers ener!y at a rate of /). Ho& $on! it ta/es to brin! + /! of &ater, initia$$y at 2C , to the boi$4 <The specific heat capacities &ater 3+ 55 J/! -1K-1, boi$in! point 3 155C,

1(. )hen the temperature of ( /! of &ater is bein! coo$ed do&n from 75 C to :, (=7 /J of heat is !i#en out by the &ater. )hat is the #a$ue of :4