(Done Edu - Joshuatly.com) Kedah STPM Trial 2010 Chemistry (W Ans) (33E48B52)

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CONFIDENTIAL*/SULIT*
[Turn over(Lihat sebelah)
SULIT *

Jawapan Peperiksaan Percubaan STPM 2010

Kimia Kertas 1

1 D 11 B 21 D 31 D 41 D

2 A 12 A 22 D 32 C 42 B

3 A 13 C 23 D 33 B 43 C

4 C 14 C 24 C 34 B 44 B

5 B 15 D 25 B 35 B 45 A

6 A 16 D 26 A 36 B 46 B

7 D 17 D 27 C 37 D 47 A

8 D 18 A 28 C 38 A 48 D

9 C 19 C 29 B 39 B 49 B

10 B 20 B 30 C 40 B 50 B

CONFIDENTIAL*/SULIT*
Paper 2 Answer Chemistry STPM Trial 2010

Section A

1 (a) (i) 1

(ii) 1 Bent / V-shape

(iii) 1 Right shape of sp
3
orbitals
1 Label sp
3
hybrid orbital of S atom and 1s orbital of H atom

(b) (i) 1 O is more electronegative than S /
Bonding pair electrons in the OH bond are drawn closer to the O atom compared to the
bonding pair electrons in the SH bond.
1 Repulsion between bonding pair electronbonding pair electrons in H
2
O in H
2
S
1 bond angle H-O-H > bond angle H-S-H
(ii) 1 van der Waals forces between H
2
S molecules
1 Hydrogen bonds between H
2
O molecules
1 Hydrogen bonds are stronger than van der Waals forces

2 (a) (i) 1 pH is the measure of hydrogen ion concentration // pH = - log [H
+
]
(ii) pH = - log [H
+
] ; 3.5 = - log [H
+
]
1 [H
+
] = 3.16 x 10
-4
mol dm
-3

(b) (i) HX + NaOH NaX + H
2
O
1
1
1
10 . 0 5 . 27
0 . 25
x
M x

1 M = 0.11 mol dm
-3

(ii) 1 Orange juice is a weak acid. // Orange juice dissociates partially.
1 The concentration of the H
+
released is not the same as the concentration of the acid in the orange
juice.
(iii) 1 c K ] H [
a

1
11 . 0
) 10 x 16 . 3 (
c
] H [
K
2 4 2
a

= 9.1 x 1O
-7
mol dm
-3

(iv) 1 Orange juice is a weak acid (pH = 3.5) and NaOH is a strong base, the pH
range of phenolphthalein will enable it to produce a sharp end point.
1 Colour change is more prominent from colourless to pink

3 (a) (i) 1 Ge
4+
>Sn
4+
>Pb
4+

(ii) 1 Ge
2+

(iii) 1 Pb
2+

1 The electrode potential for Pb
4+
/Pb
2+
is positive, this shows that Pb
4+
is readily converted to Pb
2+
.

(b) (i) 1 SiO
2
/ silica / silicon dioxide
(ii) 1 Telecommunication / endoscope.
(iii) 1 Optical fibres can transmit more information than copper wires.
1 Optical fibres have 100% efficiency/ no loss of signal

(c) 1 In glass, there is no regular arrangement of particles.
1 In diamond, the atoms are arranged in an orderly/ giant tetrahedral and closely-packed structure.

S H

H
H
S

H
sp
3
hybrid orbital of S atom [1]
1s orbital of H atom [1]
CONFIDENTIAL*/SULIT* 2

4 (a) (i) 1 Reagent: acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution
1 Equation with correct product
1 Balanced equation
H
3
C CH
3
+ 6[O] HOOC COOH + 2H
2
O

(ii) 1 The methyl group is an electron releasing group
1 It activates the benzene ring

(b) (i) 1 H
2
N COOH
(ii) 1 The monomer exists as zwitterion but the polymer does not.
1 The monomer forms ion-dipole interaction / hydrogen bond with water molecules but the
polymer does not.
(iii) 1 Condensation polymerization
(iv) 1 HOOC NH
3
+
Cl
-

Section B

5 (a) (i) 1 Labeled: y axis: fraction of particles, x axis: Ea // molecular energy
1 Correct shape of graph at 25
o
C and 50
o
C

Fraction of
particles 25
o
C

50
o
C

Ea Molecular energy

(ii) 1 When temperature increases the fraction of particles having energy equal to
or greater than the activation energy (Ea) increases.
1 Rate increases

(b) (i) Using the ideal gas equation: pV = nRT
1 (101 X 10
3
) (285 X 10
-6
) = n x 8.31 x 273
1 n = 1.27 x 10
-2
mol
1 Relative molecular mass =
2
10 27 . 1
00 . 3
x
= 236.2
(ii) Antimony pentachloride is SbCl
5

Relative molecular mass = (122 + 35.5(5) )
1

= 299.5
1 The experimental relative molecular mass is less than actual relative mass
from

its molecular formula.
1 SbCl
5
vapour does not show ideal gas behaviour
1 Strong intermolecular forces exist between molecules
1 Volume of molecules is not negligible

(iii) 1 The Lewis diagram for the SbCl
5
molecule
Cl
x
Cl x Sb xCl
Cl x xCl
1 Trigonal bipyramidal

(iv) 1 5 big iodine atoms cause steric hindrance

6 (a) (i) Zn(s) + Cu
2+
(aq) Cu(s)+ Zn
2+
(aq)
From data booklet:
1 Zn
2+
+ 2e
-
Zn - 0.76 V
Cu
2+
+ 2e
-
Cu + 0.34 V
1 E.m.f . cell , E
cell

= + 0.34 (- 0.76) = + 1.10 V
1 At equilibrium, E
cell
= 0 V
Overall electrochemical equation is a follows.
Zn(s) + Cu
2+
(aq) Zn
2+
(aq) + Cu(s) E
cell
= +1.10 V
1 0 = 1.10
] [
] [
log
2
059 . 0
2
2
Cu
Zn

1 K = 1.94 x 10
37
(ii) Using
b a
d c
cell cell
B A
D C
n
E E
] [ ] [
] [ ] [
log
059 . 0

4 . 0
8 . 0
log
2
059 . 0
10 . 1 1
cell
E

09 . 1 1
cell
E V
(b) 1 2H
+
(aq) + SO
3
2-
(aq) H
2
O (l) + SO
2
(g) H
H
2
(g) + S(s) + 3/2O
2
2H
+
(aq) + SO
3
2-
(aq) (i) - 623
S(s) + O
2
(g) SO
2
(g) (ii) -296
H
2
(g) + O
2
(g) H
2
O (l) (iii) -286
1 (iii) + (ii) (i) //
{[H
2
(g) + O
2
(g)+ [S(s) + O
2
(g)] [H
2
(g) + S(s) + 3/2O
2
]}
{[H
2
O (l)] + [SO
2
(g)] [2H
+
(aq) + SO
3
2-
(aq)]}
0 {[H
2
O (l)] + [SO
2
(g)] [2H
+
(aq) + SO
3
2-
(aq)]}
1 H = (-286) + (-296) (-623) = + 41 kJ

(c) 1 A buffer solution is capable of maintaining the pH of its solution when a
small amount of acid or alkali is added to it.
1 H
2
CO
3
H
+
+ HCO
3
-

1 NaHCO
3
Na
+
+ HCO
3
-

1 When a small amount of acid is added, the hydrogen ion reacts with the HCO
3
-
ion //
H
+
+ HCO
3
-
H
2
CO
3

1 When a small amount of alkali is added, the hydroxide ion reacts with the
acid H
2
CO
3
// OH
-
+ H
2
CO
3
H
2
O + HCO
3
-

7 (a) 1 MCO
3
(s) MO(s) + CO
2
(g)* (*Physical state is optional)
1 Thermal stability of carbonate increases as descending Group 2
1 Charge density of cation, M
2+
decreases as descending Group 2 //
Ionic charge of cation remains as 2+ and the cationic size increases as descending Group 2
1 The carbonate anion, CO
3
2-
has relatively large electron cloud
1 Polarising power of cation, M
2+
over the electron cloud of CO
3
2-
ion gradually weaker //
Electron cloud of carbonate anion is less polarised as descending Group

(b) (i) 1 Electrolysis of molten bauxite with graphite anode and cathode
1 Cryolite (or) Na
3
AlF
6
; at about 950
o
C to 1000
o
C
1 Cathode: Al
3+
is reduced to Al
Al
3+
+ 3e Al
1 Anode: O
2
is oxidised to O
2

2O
2
O
2
+ 4e
(ii) 1 Light weight and strong // resistance to corrosion

(c) 1 Colourless gas is carbon dioxide.
1 Aluminium ion has high charge density.
1 The aluminium sulphate aqueous solution contains Al(H
2
O)
6
3+
hydrated ions //
Al
3+
(aq) + 6H
2
O(l) [Al(H
2
O)
6
]
3+
(aq)
1 Al(H
2
O)
6
3+
ion hydrolyses to produce H
+
/ H
3
O
+
// the salt solution is acidic //
Al(H
2
O)
6
]
3+
(aq) + H
2
O(l) [Al(H
2
O)
5
(OH)]
2+
(aq) + H
3
O
+
(aq)
1 2Al(H
2
O)
6
3+
(aq) + 3CO
3
2
(aq) 2Al(OH)
3
(H
2
O)
3
(s) + 3H
2
O (l) + 3CO
2
(g)

8 (a) 1 The high temperature in the car engines N
2
to combine with O
2
to form NO(g).
1 N
2
(g) + O
2
(g) 2NO(g)
1 2NO + 2CO N
2
+ 2CO
2
// 2NO N
2
+ O
2

(b) 1 HCl is thermally more stable than HI
1 Purple colour = I
2
(g)
1 2HI H
2
+ I
2

(c) (i) Co : N : Cl : H
1
9 . 58
52 . 23
:
0 . 14
00 . 28
:
5 . 35
53 . 42
:
0 . 1
95 . 5

0.40 : 2.0 : 1.20 : 6.0
1 1 : 5 : 3 : 15
1 Empirical formula of Q = CoCl
3
(NH
3
)
5

1 (CoCl
3
(NH
3
)
5
)
n
= 250 ; n =1
1 Q = [CoCl(NH
3
)
5
]
2+
. 2Cl

(ii) 1 Co
3+
= [Ar] 3d
6
, 3d orbitals are partially filled.
1 Under the influence of ligands, the 3d orbitals are split into 2 groups
1 d d transition happens
1 Energy difference falls in the visible region

9 (a) 1 CH
3
COOH, HCOOH, ClCH
2
COOH
1 RCOOH(aq) + H
2
O(l) RCOO
(aq) + H
3
O
+
(aq)
Acid Conjugate base
1 CH
3
is electron releasing group and Cl is electron withdrawing group
1 CH
3
of ethanoic acid causes OH bond of the COOH group to be less
polarised, thus, less able to ionise. //
CH
3
of ethanoic acid destabilises the CH
3
COO
conjugate base and

shifting the equilibrium position to the left.
1 Cl of chloroethanoic acid causes OH bond of the COOH group to be
more polarised, thus more able to ionise. //
Cl of the chloroethanoic acid stabilises the CH
3
COO
conjugate base, thus, shifting the

equilibrium position to the right.

(b) (i) 1 Reagent and condition: Acidified KMnO
4
solution; room temperature.
1 Cyclohexene decolourises the purple colour of acidified KMnO
4
solution while no obvious
observation for cyclohexane.
1 OH
+ (O) + H
2
O
OH

(ii) 1 Reagent and condition: Acidified KMnO
4
solution; Heat
1 Toluene decolourises the purple colour of acidified KMnO
4
solution while
no obvious observation for benzene.
1

(c) 1 Free radical substitution
1 Cl
2
2Cl
1 CH
3
CH
2
CH
3
+ Cl (CH
3
)
2
CH + HCl
1 (CH
3
)
2
CH + Cl
2
(CH
3
)
2
CHCl + Cl

10 (a) (i) 1 phenol
1 amide

(ii) 1 Alkaline hydrolysis

1 NaO NH
2

1 CH
3
COONa
(b)

NO
2
NO
2

50
o
C-60
o
C
CH
3

[1] + [1] [1] [1]

(c) H
2
N-*CH-COOH H
2
N*CHCOOH

CH
2
CH
2

OH COOH
[1] [1]

1 Has a carbon chiral
1 shown as * in the structure
1 Mirror images are non-superimposable
1 rotates plane-polarised light

COOH + H
2
O
CH
3
Cl / FeCl
3

Conc H
2
SO
4
/
Conc HNO
3

CH
3
+ 3(O)

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conjugate base and

conjugate base, thus, shifting the

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