Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
TYPOGRAPHY BASICS
• working knowledge of basic typography terms
• Identify parts of a letterform using official type vocabulary
• Learn the categories of type
• Gain a fundamental understanding of the major font software formats.
(definition) Typography ‐ the skillful arrangement of type on a page.
Type anatomy: each part of a letterform has a specific name
• ascender • lowercase
• descender • uppercase
• baseline • capital
• serif • crossbar
• sanserif • cap height
• counter • x‐height
Type Styles ‐ modifications of original typeface (italic, condensed, extended, etc)
are specifically created to extend the uses of the type while still retaining the
essential visual character of the original face. (more elaborate examples: outline,
shaded, decoration (fetish), etc.)
Type Families ‐ includes whole related group of type styles based on a single
typeface.
Type Size ‐ type is traditionally measured in points. The terms originates from the
days when type was cast using lead metal slugs. The baseline must line up when the
type was cast, therefore point size had to include space for ascenders, the body, and
descenders. There are 72 points to an inch. The larger the point size, the larger the
type.
• Body type is typically 6‐12 points
• Headline type is typically larger, 14, 18, 20
• Larger point sizes indicate headlines.
SPACING
leading ‐ vertical spacing between baselines of type
kerning ‐ spacing between letters (wordspacing) horizontal
VAGD101 week 2 Typography and Layout 2
CATEGORIES:
Old Style, Transitional, Modern, Square Serif, Sans Serif, Script, Decorative
SERIFS and SAN SERIFS,
Serif ‐ originated with the Romans (note that there are many typestyles called
Roman, like Times Roman), the extra "stroke" at the end of a letterform. (thought to
be the result of stonemasons technique of chiseling letterforms into stone to make a
neater end.) Serif typefaces mostly have thick and thin elements in letterform, serifs
can also be blocky or extremely pointed. Modern serif typefaces can be further
categorized into Old Style (based on original Roman typefaces), Traditional
(evolution of use of printing press,‐‐ baskerville ‐‐ , Modern, (block serifs, increased
contrast in thick and thin strokes, ‐‐ bodoni , tiffany,) produced from improvements
in technology, smoother paper, better printing technology, etc.
San Serif (without serifs) ‐ streamlined form implies a modern appearance., work
well for headline and display types, can work for text in more contemporary context.
VAGD101 week 2 Typography and Layout 3
EXERCISE and discussion(during class)
below are five of the seven type categories., identify what category they are in area on right.
State what visual element you observe that makes it fit into that category?
Egyptian pyramids
The future is now
Beautiful notions
Broadway light
VAGD101 week 2 Typography and Layout 4
Exercise 2. WORD EXPERIMENTS (due 9/10 beginning of class)
You can express the meaning of a word or an idea through the spacing, sizing, and
placement of letters on the page. Designers often think this way when creating
logotypes, posters, or editorial headlines. In this project, physical processes such as
disruption, expansion, and migration are expressed through the spacing and
arrangement of letters.
In addition to performing changes in scale or acts of cutting, cropping, shifting,
turning, repeating, or otherwise transforming the letterforms, you may also create
your own forms or manipulate the outlines of the letters (convert text to outlines).
• The round Os in Futura make it a fun typeface to use for this project. (you
may use any of the futura family of typefaces)
• final should be 6x6 inch design space, computer or drawn by hand
• black and white only (clean shapes, no other affects, etc)
suspicion certainty delight trust
longing hope guilt honor
faith grief worry anxiety
disbelief melancholy desire fear
doubt joy surprise paranoia
conviction dismay lust tension
Choose 3 of these words from this list, do at least 3 thumbnails showing unique
design ideas for each one. At least a total of 9 thumbnails ‐‐ well resolved
thumbnails, each showing different design approaches must be posted with your
final project. Use the verbal idea in the word you choose to help create a design that
unifies the design with the context of the meaning of the word.
Due next class:
3 final version word design, finished, 6 x 6 inch designs
3 thumbnails each (showing clear, unique design approaches)