EXERCISE Exercise 1: The data shown below are chemical process yield on successive

days. Construct a histogram for these data. 94.1 93. 9#.! 91.4 88. 8!.1 9".1 9#.# 9 .4 87.3 87.3 84.1 9#.1 9". 8!.1 94.3 93. 8!.7 83.# 9".3 94.1 9 .1 9!.4 88. 8!.4 8".# 84.9 87.3 89.! 9#.3 9 .4 9#.! 89.1 88.8 8!.4 8".1 84.# 93.7 87.7 9#.! 84.! 83.! 8".4 89.7 87.! 8".1 89.! 9#.# 9#.1 94.3 8".4 8!.! 91.7 87." 84. 8".1 9#." 9".! 88.3 84.1

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Chemical Yield)

Exercise 2: The time to failure in hours of an electronic component sub$ected

to an accelerated life test is given below. Construct histogram of these data 1 7 1 " 131 1 4 1 9 1 1 14 1"1 1!# 1 " 1 4 1 3 1 # 119 1 8 133 137 1 4 14 1 3 1 1 13! 14# 137 1 " 1 4 1 8 1 9 13# 1 118 131 1 " 133 141 1 " 14# 13 1 9 1 !

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Fail re !ime)

Exercise ": The tensile strength of a metal part is normally distributed with
mean 4# lb and standard deviation 8 lb. %f the lower specification limit is 34 lb and upper specification limit is 48 lb& 'ind out the ( of parts fail to meet specification)

Exercise #: The output voltage of a power supply is normally distributed with

mean 1 * and standard deviation #.#" *. %f the specification are at 1 #.1 *& calculate the total ( re$ection)

Exercise $: The life of an automotive battery is normally distributed with

mean 9## days and standard deviation 3" days. +hat ( of these batteries would be e,pected to survive beyond 1### days)

Exercise %: The following data shows the diameter -in inches. of a sample of
4# ball bearings manufactured by certain process #.738 #.73" #.7 8 #.74" #.733 #.73" #.73 #.737 #.73! #.73# #.7 9 #.731 #.737 #.73! #.74 #.73 #.73" #.731 #.73" #.74# #.743 #.7 ! #.7 4 #.7 8 #.739 #.734 #.73" #.733 #.738 #.734 #.74# #.737 #.73" #.74 #.7 " #.738 #.73! #.7 9 #.73! #.733

%f the specification is #.734 #.# & Calculate the process capability inde, Cp / Cp0)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: &eari'( )ia)

Exercise *: The data shown below are the deviations from the nominal
diameter for holes drilled in a carbon1fibre composite material used in aerospace manufacturing. The values reported are deviations in ten thousands of an inch. 13# # 1"# 11# # # # 7# # 1# "# "# 1# 11# 14# # # 13# # # 1 # 1!# # 3# "# 4# # 3# # 3# 1# 1 # 3# 1 # # 14# 1 # 11# 1 # 1# 3# 3# # "# 1# # 11# # 1# "#

%f specifications are at nominal 1##& what you say about the capability of the process) Calculate Cp and Cp0)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: )ia )e+iatio')

Exercise ,: The thic0ness of a printed circuit board is an important 2uality

parameter. 3ata on board thic0ness -in inches. are given below& for # samples of 3 boards each. 4ample 5o. 1 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1" 1! 17 18 19 # ,1 #.#! 9 #.#!3# #.#! 8 #.#!34 #.#!19 #.#!13 #.#!3# #.#! 8 #.#! 3 #.#!31 #.#!3" #.#! 3 #.#!3" #.#!4" #.#! #.#!31 #.#!1! #.#!3# #.#!3! #.#!4# , #.#!3! #.#!31 #.#!31 #.#!3# #.#! 8 #.#! 9 #.#!39 #.#! 7 #.#! ! #.#!31 #.#!3# #.#!3# #.#!31 #.#!4# #.#!44 #.#! 7 #.#! 3 #.#!3# #.#!31 #.#!3" ,3 #.#!4# #.#! #.#!33 #.#!31 #.#!3# #.#!34 #.#! " #.#! #.#!33 #.#!33 #.#!38 #.#!3# #.#!3# #.#!31 #.#!3 #.#!3# #.#!31 #.#! ! #.#! 9 #.#! 9

4et up 61bar 1 7 charts) %s the process in control)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: -C& !hick'ess)

Exercise .: 4amples of si8e " are ta0en every 4" minutes on cigar lighter
detent. The following results are obtained. 4et up 61bar 9 7 chart and e,amine the process for statistical control)

4ample 5o. 1

,1 1 18

, 3 4 9 1 #

,3 4 3 # # 11 #

,4 3 # 3

," 3 3

3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1"

# 1 13 17 13 #

1 # # # 13 13 11 11 14 # # 1 11 18 " 11 1 1 11 14

11 1 #

11 13 11 11

# 13 11# 1! 13 11 13 1" 11 1

11 # # " 11

(Refer Work Sheet Name: /i(hter )ete't)

Exercise 10: The data on loose pulp 3C ( is given below. Construct

%ndividual and :oving 7ange chart) S/ No1 1 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1" 1! 17 18 19 # 3ata 47." 47." 48.# 47." 47." 48." 48.# 49.# 49.# 49.# 49.# 48." 48." 49.# 49.# 48." 48." 47." 47." 48."

(Refer Work Sheet Name: - l2 )C)

Exercise 11: The number of nonconforming switches in samples of si8e 1"#

are shown below. Construct a number nonconforming chart for these data. 3oes the process appear to be in control) 4ample 5umber 1 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1" 1! 17 18 19 # 3 # 4 # 1 8 ! ! # 4 # 3 1 8 5umber of defective 4witches 8 1 3 #

(Refer Work Sheet Name: S3itches)

Exercise 12: ; control chart is used to control the number nonconforming for
a plastic part manufactured in an in$ection molding process. Ten subgroups of si8e 1## yield the following data. Construct a number nonconforming chart ) 4ample 5o. 1 5umber 5onconforming 1# 1" 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 1 " 1" 8 8 " 18 !

(Refer Work Sheet Name: -lastics)

Exercise 1": ; process produces titanium forging for automobile

turbocharger wheels is to be controlled through use of a p chart. %nitially samples are collected for # days and is given below. 3ay 1 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1" 1! 17 18 19 # Total %nspected 1"# 1!" 14# 1"" 1!# 14# 148 1"9 1! 148 1"! 1"4 1"# 1!# 1!# 1" 1"3 1"4 14! 148 3 4 1 3 ! # 1 # " 1 " 4 3efectives 3

(Refer Work Sheet Name: For(i'(s)

Exercise 1#: The data below represents the number of defects per 1###
meters of telephone cable. 'rom analysis of the data would you conclude that the process is in statistical control) 4ample 5o. 1 5umber of defects 1 1 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 3 7 8 1# " 13 # 19 4ample 5o. 11 1 13 14 1" 1! 17 18 19 # 5umber of defects 4 ! 9 1" 14 8 3 ! 7 4

(Refer Work Sheet Name: !C )efects)

Exercise 1$: ;n automobile manufacturer wishes to control the number of

defects in a subassembly area producing manual transmissions. The inspected unit is defined as 4 transmissions and data from 1! samples are given below. 4et up a control chart for defects)

4ample 5o 1

5o. of defects 1

3 3 4 " ! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1" 1! 3 1 1 1 # 1 " 1 #

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 4 tomo5ile )efects) Exercise 1%: ; company wants to use a control chart for the surface defects in
chromium plated parts. The data given below give the number of parts inspected and the number of defects found. Construct a control chart for defects per part) 4ample 5umber 1 5umber %nspected 1 # 3 4 " 1" 11 9 " 3 # 5umber of 3efects

! 7 8 9 1# 11 1 13 14 1"

14 1# 18 # 14 13 1" 17 13 1"

1 # 4 4

3 1

(Refer Work Sheet Name: -lati'( )efects)

Exercise 1*: ; company wants to use a control chart for the surface defects in
granite slabs. The data given below give the number of slabs inspected and the number of defects found. Construct a control chart for defects per slab and comment. 4ample 5umber 1 5umber %nspected 1 # 3 4 " ! 7 8 1" 11 9 14 1# 18 1 # 4 " 3 # 5umber of 3efects

9 1# 11 1 13 14 1"

# 14 13 1" 17 13 1"

3 1

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 6ra'ite )efects)

Exercise 1,: The diameters of bolts are 0nown to have a standard deviation of
#.###1 inch. ; random sample of 1# bolts yields an average diameter of #. "4! inch. Test the hypothesis that the true mean diameter of bolt is e2uals #. "" inch using = .#" .

Exercise 1.: Two machines are used for filling plastic bottles with a net
volume of 1! ounces. <uality =ngineer suspects that both machines fill to the same net volume& whether or not this volume is 1! ounces. ; random sample is ta0en from the output of each machine. 1!.#3 1!.#4 1!.#" 1!.#" 1!.# :achine 1 1!.#1 1".9! 1".98 1!.# 1".99 :achine 1!.# 1".97 1".9! 1!.#1 1".99 1!.#3 1!.#4 1!.# 1!.#1 1!.##

3o you thin0 that <uality =ngineer is correct) >se = 0.05

(Refer Work Sheet Name: &ottle Filli'() Exercise 20: Two types of plastic are suitable for use by an electronics
component manufacturer. The brea0ing strength of this plastic is important. 'rom a random sample si8e n1 ?1# and n ?1 we obtained x1 ?1! ."& x ?1"#& s1? 1& and s ? 1. The company will not adopt plastic 1 unless its bra0ing strength e,ceeds that of plastic by atleast 1# psi. @ased on the sample information& should they use plastic 1)

Exercise 21: The shelf life of a photographic film is of interest to the

manufacturer. The manufacturer observes the following shelf life for eight units -in days. chosen at random from the current production. 1#8& 1 8& 134& 1!3& 1 4& 1"9& 11!& 134 %s there any evidence that the mean shelf life is greater than or e2ual to 1 ")

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Film /ife) Exercise 22: The titanium content of an alloy is being studied in the hope of
ultimately increasing the tensile strength. ;n analysis of si, recent heats chosen at random produce the following titanium contents -(.. 8.#& 7.7& 9.9& 11.!& 9.9& 14.!

%s there any evidence that the mean titanium content is greater than 9." percent)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: !ita'i m Co'te't) Exercise 2": The time to repair an electronic instrument is a normally
distributed random variable measured in hours. The repair times -in Ars. for 1! such instruments& chosen at random& are as follows. 1"9 4 149 8# 379 3! !# 1#1 179 1!8 48" 1 !4 "# 17#

3oes it seem reasonable that the true mean repair time is greater than "# hours )

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Re2air !ime) Exercise 2#: The percentage of scrap produced in a metal finishing operation
is hypothesi8ed to be less than 7." (. 4everal days were chosen at random and the percentage of scrap were calculated. "."1& 7.3 & !.49& 8.81& !.4!& 8."!& ".37& 7.4! %n your opinion& is the true scrap rate less than 7." percent)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Scra2 7) Exercise 2$: The following are the burning times -in min. of flames of two
different types. Type 1 !3 8 81 !8 "7 "9 !! 7" 8 73 Type !4 "! 7 !3 83 74 "9 8 !" 8

Test the Aypothesis that two variances are e2ual .>se = .#" .

(Refer Work Sheet Name: & r'i'( !imes)

Exercise 2%: ; new filtering device is installed in a chemical unit. @efore and
after its installation& a random sample yielded the following information about the percentage of impurityB x1 ?1 ."& s1 = 1#1.17 & n1 ?8 x ?1#. & s = 94.73 & n ?9 1. Can you conclude that the two variances are e2ual) . Aas the filtering device reduced the percentage of impurity significantly)

Exercise 2*: The manufacturer of a power supply is interested in the

variability of output voltage. Ae has tested 1 units& chosen at random& with the following resultsB ".34 ".## ".#7 ". " ".!" "."" ".3" ".3" 4.7! "."4 ".44 4.!1

Test the hypothesis that ?#.#". >se = .05 .

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 8olta(e)

Exercise 2,: Consider the following two samples& draw from two normal
populations. 4ample 1 4ample 4.34 1.87 " 4.97 4. " 1.8" "."" .11 !."" .31 !.37 . 8 "."" .#7 3.7! 1.7! 1 1.91 1 %s there evidence to conclude that the variance of population 1 is greater than the variance of population )>se = .#1 .

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 8aria'ces) Exercise 2.: %n a hardness test& a steel ball is passed into the material being
tested at a standard load. The diameter of the indentation measured& which is related to the hardness. Two types of steel balls are available& and their performance is compared on 1# specimens. =ach specimen is tested twice& once with each ball. The results are given belowB @all 6 @all C 7" " 4! 41 "7 43 43 47 "8 3 3 49 !1 " "! 44 34 "7 !" !#

Test the hypothesis that the two steel balls give the same hardness measurement. >se = .#" .

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 9ard'ess)

Exercise "0: The thic0ness of a printed circuit board was measured by si,
individuals& using two different 0inds of calipers. The results -in mm. are shown belowB 4ub$ect 1 3 4 " ! Caliper 1 . !" . !" . !! . !7 . !7 . !" Caliper . !4 . !" . !4 . !! . !7 . !8

%s there is significant difference between the mean thic0nesses of measurements obtained of two calipers)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: -C& !hick) Exercise "1: The number of defective units found each day by an in1circuit
functional tester in a printed circuit board assembly process is shown belowB 5umber of defective per 3ay #11# 1111" 1!1 # 11 " !13# 3113" 3!14# 4114" Times Dbserved ! 11 1! 8 19 11 4

a. %t is reasonable to conclude that these data come from a normal distribution) >se Chi1s2uare goodness of fit test. b. Elot the data on normal probability paper. 3oes an assumption of normality seem $ustified)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: -C& 4ss:)

Exercise "2: ; pseudo random number generator is designed so that the

integers # through 9 have e2ual probability of occurrences. The first 1#&### numbers areB # 9!7 1 1##8 97" 3 1# 4 1##3 " 989 ! 1##1 7 981 8 1#43 9 1#11

3oes this generator seem to be wor0ing properly) FGoodness of fitH

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Ra'dom 6e') Exercise "": ; soft drin0 bottler is studying the internal pressure strength of
11litre glass non1returnable bottles. ; random sample 1! bottles is tested and the pressure strengths obtained. The data are shown below. Elot these data on normal probability paper. 3oes it seem reasonable to conclude that pressure strength is normally distributed) !.1! psi 11.14 psi # . #3.! 19."4 188.1 193.73 4.39 #8.1" 1.31 19".4" #4."" 193.71 # . 1 ##.81 #1.!3

(Refer Work Sheet Name: &ottle -r) Exercise "#: ; company operates four machines three shifts each day. 'rom
production records& the following data on the number of brea0downs are collectedB :achines 4hift ; @ C 3 1 41 # 1 1! 31 11 9 14 3 1" 17 1! 1# Test the hypothesis that brea0downs are independent of the shifts.

(Refer Work Sheet Name: &reakdo3's)

Exercise "$: Eatients in a hospital are classified as surgical or medical. ;

record is 0ept of the number of times patients re2uire nursing service during the night and whether these patients are on medicare or not. The data are presented hereB :edicare Ces 5o Eatient category 4urgical :edical 4! " 3! 43

Test the hypothesis that calls by surgical9medical patients are independent of whether the patients are receiving :edicare.

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 9os2ital) Exercise "%: Grades in a statistics course and an Dperation 7esearch course
ta0en simultaneously were as follows for a group of students. Dperation 7esearch Grade ; @ C Dthe r " ! 17 13 17 1! 1" ! 18 4 18 1# 1# 8 11 #

4tatistics Grade ; @ C Dther

;re the grade in 4tatistics and Dperation 7esearch related)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Co rse) Exercise "*: ;n e,periment with artillery shells yields the following data on
the characteristics of lateral deflections and ranges. +ould you conclude that deflection and range are independent) 7ange -yards. #11999 ###1"999 !###111999 Iateral deflection Ieft 5ormal 7ight ! 14 8 9 11 4 8 17 !

(Refer Work Sheet Name: )eflectio')

Exercise ",: ; study is being made of the failures of an electronic

component. There are four types of failures possible and two mounting position for the device .The following data have been ta0enB :ounting position 1 'ailure type ; @ C 3 4! 18 9 4 17 ! 1

+ould you conclude that the type of failure is independent of the mounting position)

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Fail re !:2e) Exercise ".: ; random sample of students are as0ed their opinions on a
proposed core curriculum change. The results are presented hereB Class 'reshman 4ophomore Junior 4enior Dpinion 'avoring Dpposing 1 # 8# 7# 13# !# 7# 4# !#

Test the hypothesis that the opinions are independent of the class groupings.

;Chi<S= are test> (Refer Work Sheet Name: C rric l m) Exercise #0: 'abric is graded into three classificationsB ;& @ and C. The
results below were obtained from five looms. %s the fabric classification independent of the loom) Ioom 1 3 4 " 5umber of pieces of 'abric in 'abric Classification ; @ C 18" 1! 1 19# 4 1 17# 3" 1! 1"8 7 18" 1"

(Refer Work Sheet Name: Fa5ric) Exercise #1: ;n article in the $ournal of :ar0eting 7esearch reports a study
of the relationship between facility conditions at gasoline stations and the aggressiveness of their gasoline mar0eting policy. ; sample of 441 gasoline stations were investigated with the results shown below obtained. %s there evidence that gasoline pricing strategy and facility conditions are independent) Eolicy ;ggressive 5eutral nonaggressive Condition 4ubstandard 4tandard 4 " 1" 73 17 8# :odern "8 8! 3!

(Refer Work Sheet Name: 6asole'e)