Paint and Coatings Industry May 2010

www.pcimag.
com
May 2010
VOLUME 26, NUMBER 5
Paint Coatings Industry
Globally Serving Liquid and Powder Manufacturers and Formulators
Paint Coatings Industry
Globally Serving Liquid and Powder Manufacturers and Formulators
Color Technology
Sustainable Coatings
UV SOLUTIONS
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For solutions to all your specialty construction
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l5U 9001:2000 CR1lFlb FAClLl1l5
Newark, N1 enderson, K 1ianjin, China 1ongeren, Belgium
3hamrook Reoyoles' www.shamrecktechnelegles.cem
1he information oontained in the table is for referenoe, is to the best of our knowledge true and aoourate, but no warranty is expressed or implied as to the aoouraoy.
Premlum P1F fer
bemandlng Allcatlens
0utstanding
Performanoe
Lxoeptional
uality
Rad1ech
Beeth #929
nanoFLON microFLON
Properties Test Method Unit 101T 114T 118C 119N 150N 160N 124T4 131T1 132T1 132T2 141T2 141T3
Average
particle size
ASTM D4464 microns 6 - 9 4 - 8 4 - 6 4 - 8 4 - 6 5 - 8 16 - 30 4 - 6 4 - 6 10 - 13 10 - 13 14 - 22
Primary
particle size
Scanning electron
microscope (SEM)
microns 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.15 0.15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
90% ASTM D4464 microns 13 12 10 12 9 13 40 10 10 20 20 35
Melting point ASTM D4591 C / F 323/614 321/610 320/608 320/608 321/610 321/610 325/617 328/622 328/622 327/621 328/622 327/621
Specifc
gravity
ASTM D5675 g/cc 2.15 2.15 2.15-2.2 2.1-2.2 2.2 2.2 2.15-2.2 2.1 - 2.2 2.15-2.2 2.15-2.2 2.1-2.2 2.1-2.2
Bulk Density ASTM D4895 g/l 200 - 500 200-350 250 - 400 250-450 250-450 250-450 300-550 300 - 550 300-550 300 -500 250-400 300 - 500
Surface area ASTM D5675 m^2/g 6.0 - 8.0 6.0 - 8.0 6.0 - 8.0 7.0 - 9.0 11.0-13.0 11.0-13.0 1.0-3.0 3 3 1.0-3.0 1.0-3.0 1.0 -3.0
FDA Status 21CFR 177.1550 175.300 175.300 175.300 177.1550 177.1550 175.300 177.1550 175.300 175.300 177.1550 175.300
The Innovation Principle.
Innovation is the most important formula for success. At BYK we know that innovation
demands forward thinking about new products and processes, effective services and strong
partnerships. It takes imaginative applications of state-of-the-art technologies. Ultimately,
innovation requires knowledge, experience and the drive to discover new solutions. Thats
BYKs Innovation Principle
. Put it to work for you. Together, we can help you achieve a

decisive competitive advantage.
Visit us at the Asia Pacic Coatings Show 2010, June, 23 24, Balai Sidang Jakarta
Convention Center, Jakarta, Indonesia, Booth # E1.
www.byk.com/innovation
6 Viewpoint
8 Industry News
11 Calendar of Events
12 Company News
16 Names in the News
48 Products
49 Classifieds
50 Advertiser Index
DEPARTMENTS
PCI - PAINT & COATINGS INDUSTRY (ISSN 0884-3848) is published 12 times annually, monthly, by BNP Media, 2401 W. Big Beaver Rd., Suite
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May 2010
VOLUME 2 6 , NUMBE R 5
C O N T E N T S
ON THE COVER: Cover photo courtesy of AkzoNobel.
FEATURES
20 Green UV Coatings Technology Comes to Total Door,
Allied PhotoChemical Inc.
22 UV-Curable Systems for Sensitive Applications, BASF SE
28 Decorative Finishing Solutions for Automotive Interiors,
AkzoNobel
30 The Missing Link: Real-Time UV Monitoring and
Measurement, UV Robotics
34 Intelligent Concrete Coating Solutions for Sustainable
Construction, Bayer MaterialScience
40 Ultramarine the Eternal Pigment, Holliday Pigments, Ltd.
42 Bio-Based Materials for UV-Cured Coatings,
Ecology Coatings
44 What Carbon Footprint? Anguil Environmental Systems
ONLINE FEATURES
w w w. p c i ma g . c o m
New Waterborne Dispersion for Wood and Furniture
Coatings, Bayer MaterialScience
Microbes in Compost: The Little Heroes Battle Climate
Change, Bio Reaction Industries
Furnishing the Home Parquet Treated With
Waterborne Coatings, ICA Group
Specialty Silanes Protect the Roof of the Swiss Gotthard
Tunnel, WACKER
BUSINESS TOOLS
18 RadTech Exhibitor Showcases
19 Supplier Showcases
28
22
20
MAY 2010
|
W W W . P C I M A G . C O M 6

V I E W P O I N T
The 2010 American Coatings Show & Confer-
ence wrapped up on April 15, and the general
consensus of the organizers as well as all whom
PCI staff spoke with was that the event was a
success. Numbers were up from 2008, with 328
exhibitors and about 6,700 overall participants
(2008: 331/5,600).
At the trade show, exhibitors from 17 countries
(2008: 14) displayed a comprehensive range of prod-
ucts on all aspects of coating formulation. Compa-
nies from abroad accounted for 23 percent of the exhibitors, and,
in addition to the United States, leading countries represented at
the show included China, Germany, Canada and India.
Featuring almost 100 presentations as well as 958 par-
ticipants from 40 countries (2008: 750/25), the Conference
had significantly more visitors than the premiere two years ago.
At the Conference, the best presentation was honored with the
American Coating Award. Consisting of a $2,500 cash prize
and a small sculpture, the award was given to Oihana Elizalde,
Stephan Amthor and Collin G. Moore (BASF) for their presenta-
tion on Improving Waterborne Anticorrosion via New Binder
Concepts. In addition, the paper entitled Role of Nanoparticle/
Polymer Interface on Hybrid Coatings Performance, by Xiao-
hung Gu (NIST) and her co-workers received the Roon Award for
Best Technical Paper at the Plenary Session on Monday.
The first keynote address of the Conference was titled Sus-
tainable Coatings Chemistry: New Product Development
through Partnership and Technical Innovation. The paper
was presented by Dennis Ryer, Product Manager for Liq-
uid and Powder Resins, Cook Composites & Polymers, and
Robert Enouen, Associate Director for Customer Business
Development, Procter & Gamble. The second keynote address,
titled Sustaining Innovation and the Environment in Difficult
Times, was presented by Kenneth Perry, Technical Director,
North American Automotive Coatings, BASF Corp. He talked
about sustainability and the improvement of environmental
footprints, as well as innovation of products and processes.
The most important technologies for current and future
coatings formulations were hot topics at both the Exhibi-
tion and Conference. These included, but werent limited to,
waterborne technology, low-VOC systems, smart coatings,
reducing the environmental footprint, manag-
ing left-over paint, bio-based products, sustain-
ability, nanotechnology, energy savings, inte-
grated process and renewable resources. It is
clear that Green technology has taken on even
more of an emphasis in recent years.
An ACC survey revealed the top five most impor-
tant future technologies according to delegates at
the conference. In order from most important to
least important, the results were: 1) waterborne,
2) functional/smart materials, 3) high solids, 4) nanomaterials
and 5) UV/EB curing.
The Product Presentation booth on the Show floor featured
back-to-back presentations hosted by nearly 60 companies
throughout the three-day event. A wide variety of coatings
topics were covered in-depth, with opportunities for questions
following the speaker presentations. Attendees filled the seats
in the booth, and there were often many more people stand-
ing in the back. A schedule of presentations was posted at the
booth, making it very easy to plan your day.
Perhaps the most encouraging news at the show was that
all of the exhibitors we spoke to see clear signs of the economy
improving. Companies are seeing an increase in sales and
projects for 2010. Everyone seemed very optimistic with the
direction the industry is moving.
Please visit PCIs American Coatings Show website at
www.pcimag.com/ac_show to read about many of the
products and technologies that were exhibited at the show.
Our Associate Editor, Karen Parker, blogged live from the
show f loor, and her reporting provides both informative and
entertaining reading! We were truly impressed by both the
creativity and the technology displayed at the booths. It was
exciting to see the fruits of so much labor, both from the R&D
perspective and the marketing side.
The American Coatings Show & Conference is organized
by the American Coatings Association, Washington DC, and
Vincentz Network, Hannover, Germany, and run by Nrn-
bergMesse North America, based in Atlanta, GA. The next
American Coatings Show & Conference will take place May
7-10, 2012 at the Indiana Convention Center in Indianapolis,
IN. Were already looking forward to it!
2010 American Coatings Show &
Conference a Great Success!
By Kristin Johansson, Managing Editor | PCI
Brenntag understands
change is normal for the
Coatings Industry.
As the Coatings Industry
has evolved through the
years, Brenntags Paint and
Coatings Team continues to
provide our customers with
the products and services
to stay competitive in the
marketplace.
Whether you face different
markets, technologies, or
substrate applications,
Brenntags Paint and
Coatings Team can help you
to adapt and make change
work to your advantage.
Brenntag offers a complete
specialty and industrial product
portfolio, technical assistance
with product development,
formulations and applications
know-how, superior logistics
with versatile blending and
re-packaging capabilities, and
last, but not least, commitment
to quality and safety.
Change demands innovation
and creativity.
Brenntag Understands.
Brenntag North America, Inc.
() - Ext:
brenntag@brenntag.com
brenntagnorthamerica.com
The Glocal Chemical Distributor.
Vinyl Metal Brick Wood
Concrete Stucco Plastic
Automotive
Aerospace
Industrial
Coatings
Container
Architectural
Coatings
Civil
Engineering
Marine &
Maintenance
Coatings Technologies:
Surface/Substrate:
Markets:
Solvent-
Borne
Coatings
Water-
Borne
Coatings
High
Solids
Coatings
Powder
Coatings
UV
Coatings
MAY 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M 8

I N D U S T R Y N E W S
LONDON IAL Consultants has released
a new publication for the radiation-cur-
ables sector, entitled Global Overview of
the Radiation Curing Market. The study
provides an overview of the 2009 market
sizes for radiation-curable raw materials
and formulations, together with trends
that are driving these two segments.
The radiation-curable raw materi-
als market reached 378,000 tonnes in
2009, led by the acrylated oligomers and
diluents segment, which accounts for 43
percent of all the raw materials in use.
Functional monomers comprise one-third
of the market, and the near-quarter of the
remaining market is occupied by non-
acrylated compounds and photoinitiators.
The use of most types of radiation-curable
raw materials is growing at between three
percent and five percent per year.
The global market for formulated radi-
ation-curable products amounted to just
over 464,000 tonnes in 2009, with sub-
stantial variation in the importance of the
different product segments between the
main regions of the world. In the Europe,
Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region,
industrial coatings represent the largest
segment at 85,740 tonnes, while in the
Americas, the graphic arts segment is
the largest at 55,900 tonnes. The Asia-
Pacific market is led by opto-electronics
applications (91,850 tonnes). The fourth
key application segment, radiation-curable
adhesives, is the smallest in every region,
amounting to a global market of just
over 16,900 tonnes. Little change is to be
expected in any of these rankings over the
next five years; the Asia-Pacific market is
expected to outpace the other two regional
markets in terms of growth, coming in at
between five and six percent per year.
Sustainability is increasingly impor-
tant in the European market, and for
that reason de-inking is becoming ever
more important. In addition, suppliers
are looking to include renewable raw
materials in their product portfolio.
Good growth in UV-curable inks is
expected from many emerging Eastern
European markets such as Russia. Some
of the smaller countries like Uzbekistan
and Kazakhstan continue to demon-
strate good growth that is also expected
to continue in the future.
In North America, the fastest-growing
technology is digital, where good growth
opportunities exist in 100-percent-UV
and low-viscosity, water-based UV chem-
istries. Conductive inks are also receiving
an increasing amount of attention.
Japanese companies have looked to
China for investment opportunities, and
many have presence and manufacturing
there. However, production costs have
started to grow in China; therefore, the
many Japanese suppliers are turning
their interest to other Asian countries
such as Thailand, Vietnam and India.
India is another key area of opportu-
nity for ink manufacturers. UV-curing
inks were introduced to the Indian
market a few years ago but have not
gained a significant market share.
Not many printers are using UV inks
for screen-graphics application; the
majority of them are predominantly
using solvent-based inks. Unless there
is pressure from print buyers to adopt
environment-friendly practices, the
market will continue to be dominated
by solvent-based inks.
There is a clear geographic split in the
EMEA region when it comes to the use of
UV-curable PUDs. It has been estimated
that up to 75 percent of these products
are consumed within the northern part
of Europe, mainly Nordic countries and
Germany. These countries have long tra-
ditions with wood-based products and
also have a much more strict approach to
environmental, health and safety issues
than the more conservative southern
European countries, such as Italy and
Spain. There is no reported demand for
UV PUDs in the Middle East.
In the Russian wood coatings market,
old-fashioned technologies are in plen-
tiful supply and new technologies are
implemented as a result of importation.
As with most countries, the trend will be
towards the greater use of water-based
and UV-curable coatings.
Study Projects Growth in Radiation-Curing Market
Global UV/EB Technology
Event Set for May
BETHESDA, MD RadTechs UV & EB Technology Expo & Confer-
ence 2010 will be held May 24-26, 2010, in Baltimore, MD. The
event features many new offerings including new short courses,
new lunch-time-learning lectures and new hot-topic roundtables.
The centerpiece of the event is RadTechs technical conference,
once again offering over 100 posters and presentations covering
the spectrum of UV/EB technology. Topics will include equipment,
renewable and traditional materials, photovoltaics, nanotechnol-
ogies, and much more. Over 100 exhibitors will also be on hand to
display the latest in UV/EB technologies. Visit www.radtech2010.
com for details.
Demand for Carbon Black to Reach 11.6 Million Tons
CLEVELAND World demand for carbon black is forecast to
rise 4.3 percent per year through 2013 to 11.6 million metric
tons, bolstered by a healthy global rubber market. Gains will
be exaggerated to some extent because growth will be rising
off a relatively weak base in 2008, when a significant part of
the world experienced the beginnings of recession. The vast
majority of carbon black finds use as reinforcement material
in vulcanized rubber goods, with over 60 percent devoted to
motor-vehicle tires alone. Carbon black demand from the tire
sector is projected to increase 3.7 percent per year through
2013. The non-tire rubber carbon-black market will expand
4.8 percent per year. These and other trends are presented in
MAY 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M 10

I N D U S T R Y N E W S
World Carbon Black, a new study from
The Freedonia Group Inc., a Cleveland-
based industry research firm.
The market for special blacks will
advance a strong 5.9 percent per year
to 1.2 million metric tons. While spe-
cial blacks comprise less than 10 percent
of the overall global carbon-black mar-
ket on a tonnage basis, they command
considerably higher per-kilogram prices
than commodity furnace blacks. Carbon-
black manufacturers will continue to
spend a disproportionate amount of their
research and development budgets on the
special-blacks sector.
The Asia-Pacific region will post the
strongest gains in carbon-black demand
through 2013. The large markets of
China and India will post particular-
ly impressive gains due to a continu-
ing rapid expansion in their respective
motor vehicle and tire industries. China
and India saw the largest increases in
new carbon-black capacity among all
countries of the world over the 2003 to
2008 period, a trend that will continue
through 2013. Demand for carbon black
in the developed parts of the world will
continue to post below-average gains
through 2013. Carbon-black demand in
the United States and Western Europe
will recover from declines experienced in
2008, but growth in both markets will
continue to significantly lag the global
average through 2013. The Japanese mar-
ket holds particularly weak prospects,
although growth in the country will be
coming off a relatively strong 2008.
Gerard E. Maratta Honored
With Sammy Award
MEDIA, PA Gerard E. Maratta was hon-
ored by the Philadelphia Society for Coat-
ings Technology as this years recipient of
the Sammy Award. Maratta was recog-
nized on March 11, 2010, in Media, PA.
Don McBride, General Manager of the
Heucotech Fairless Hills plant, introduced
Maratta to the Philadelphia Society mem-
bers. Maratta is Heucotechs Senior Vice-
President. He is responsible for many
areas within the company including
research and development, tech service,
and regulatory affairs. Recently, he led
Heucotechs design and construction of
its Universal Colorant plant.
Maratta started his career with Inmont
Corp., located in Bound Brook, NJ. He joined
Heubach in 1986 as Technical Manager for
Graphic Arts & Plastics, working at its
Newark, NJ, plant. Heucotech was formed
in 1988, and Maratta was one of the found-
ing fathers with Rainer Heubach in setting
up the current plant in Fairless Hill, PA.
The Sammy Award is given every year
to an individual who has shown expertise
in management and technology and is
dedicated to the advancement of science
in the coatings field.
Task Group to Study Black Glass
WASHINGTON, D.C. ASTM is looking
for participants to help study the proper-
ties of black glass. ASTM Subcommittee
D1.26 on Optical Properties of Coatings
maintains a standard (D2805) that speci-
fies black glass panels in the test method
and refers to black Carrara glass in the
footnote. Current practice is to use black
glass, but not necessarily Carrara.
Subcommittee members want to remove
the Carrara specification, but need to
study the optical properties of glasses that
are acceptable to use, because they know
that some black glass panels work well and
some are unsatisfactory for the test proce-
dure. Therefore the subcommittee wants
to form a task group to study the proper-
ties of black glass. The subcommittee is
looking for people who currently use black
glass in their testing or have an interest in
this topic to join the task group.
If you are interested in helping, contact
D1.26 Chair Nick Barnes at nbarnes@
tintometer.com.
Directory of Industrial
Mineral Producers Published
VICTORIA, Canada Blendon Informa-
tion Services, Victoria, Canada, has pub-
lished the fourth edition of Industrial
Mineral Producers of North America. The
200-page directory contains informa-
tion on over 500 companies in Canada,
Mexico and the United States.
Listings include contact names, address-
es, telephone and fax numbers, Web sites,
e-mail addresses, plant locations, plant
capacities, products supplied, corporate
affiliations, annual sales, major markets
served, and distributors.
The information is also cross-referenced
by products manufactured and mine and
plant locations. Visit www.blendon.com
for additional information.
Pittcon 2010 Featured
Innovations and Education
PITTSBURGH Pittcon 2010 reported
that 16,876 attendees from 87 countries
participated in the annual conference and
exposition, which was held in Orlando, FL,
Feb. 28 to March 5, 2010. The event was
marked by a two-percent increase in con-
ferees over Pittcon 2006, which was the
last time Pittcon was held in Orlando. A
detailed summary of attendance is avail-
able at www.pittcon.org.
Coating Process Fundamentals
Short Course Offered
MINNEAPOLIS The University of Min-
nesota is offering a Coating Process Fun-
damentals short course. The course will
take place June 8-10, 2010, at the Uni-
versity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
The course provides coating engineers
and their colleagues an understanding
of the principles of the many process-
es by which liquid coatings are applied
and solidified. The course is designed for
engineers who are engaged in coatings
and who seek a deeper understanding of
processes and processing problems. For
more information, visit www.cce.umn.
edu/coatingprocess.
Vincentz Network Hosts
Fire-Retardant Conference
HANNOVER, Germany The European
Coatings Conference, Fire Retardant Coat-
ings IV, will be held June 3-4, 2010, in
Berlin, Germany. Hosted by the Vincentz
Network, the conference will focus on cur-
rent developments in raw materials as well
as mechanisms and standards. A number
of high-level technical papers will be given
by invited international experts. Topics
include: halogen-free retardants for tex-
tiles, intumescent coatings for protection
of steel structures, clay-polymer thin films
for imparting flame-retardant behavior to
foam and textiles, and toxic and environ-
mental hazards of fire-retardant coatings.
The conference will host a pre-conference
tutorial, Flame Retardant Fundamentals.
Visit www.european-coatings.com for
additional information.
MAY 12-14
NW Coatings Fest 2010
www.pnwsct.whomedia.com/symposium-ncf
17-21
Introduction to Paint Formulation
http://coatings.mst.edu/index.html
18-19
Sink or Swim 2010
www.clevelandcoatingssociety.org
18-20
Appalachian Underground Corrosion Short
Course
www.aucsc.com
18-20
Advanced Topics in Polymers and Coatings
www.emich.edu/cri
19-21
Spray Finishing Technology Workshop
www.owens.edu/workforce_cs/spray2010.pdf
23-26
RadTech UV& EB Technology Expo &
Conference 2010
www.radtech2010.com
JUNE 2-4
Principles and Practices of Coating
Formulations
www.emich.edu/cri
3-4
Fire Retardant Coatings IV
www.european-coatings.com
8-10
Improving Durability and
Performance of Coatings
www.emich.edu/cri
8-10
Coating Process Fundamentals
www.cce.umn.edu/Coating-
Process-Fundamentals-Course
8-10
NanoMaterials 2010
www.nanomaterials2010.com
22
Ci4000/Ci5000 Weather-Ometer Workshop
www.atlas-mts.com
22-25
A&WMA Annual Conference & Exhibition
www.awma.org
23
Fundamentals of Weathering Level I
www.atlas-mts.com
23-24
Asia Pacific Coatings Show
www.coatings-group.com
24
Fundamentals of Weathering Level II
www.atlas-mts.com
JULY 4-10
18th International Conference on
Composites/Nano Engineering
http://myweb.polyu.edu.hk/~mmktlau/ICCE/
ICCE_Main.htm
19-21
Coatings for People in the General Industry,
Sales & Marketing
http://coatings.mst.edu/index.html
C A L E N D A R
PAI NT & COATI NGS I NDUS TRY
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Meetings, Shows and Educational Programs
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MAY 2010
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C O M P A N Y N E W S
Evonik to Invest Millions in HTE Technology
ESSEN, Germany Evoniks Colorants Product Line is responding to
customer demands for a shorter time to market with a million-euro
investment in high-throughput experimentation (HTE) technol-
ogy. This highly automated experimentation setup, located at the
companys Maastricht, The Netherlands, facility, will serve the com-
panys global colorant business; it will increase the quality of results
as well as reduce the development time for colorant design.
HTE reduces our time to market to a minimum, enabling max-
imum flexibility and rapid handling of lab work, said Matthias
Creutz, Head of Evoniks Colorants business. Research has shown
that a critical success factor for colorants customers is the time
interval between the screening of a new colorant and its market
launch. By investing in HTE, we will set a new global standard in
the colorant development process, thus providing our customers a
clear advantage over their competitors. Apart from greater flex-
ibility and quicker results, HTE technology offers the additional
advantage of further improvements in product quality.
Evoniks Colorants Product Line uses the same standardized
procedures throughout its R&D facilities, which are located in
the United States, The Netherlands, Australia, China and Brazil.
Managed by a team of technical experts, the Colorants Product
Line is able to deliver high-quality, consistent results directly to
customers at local levels.
Momentive Expands Distribution
Agreement With Archway Sales
ST. LOUIS, MO Momentive Performance Materials, Albany, NY,
has announced the expansion of Archway Sales, St. Louis, MO,
as an authorized distributor of its specialty silanes and coatings
portfolio into Texas, Oklahoma and Louisiana.
Archway Sales is authorized to promote and distribute
Momentives specialty silanes portfolio in Arkansas, Florida,
Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Mis-
sissippi, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee,
Virginia, western New York, western Pennsylvania, West Vir-
ginia, Texas, Oklahoma and Louisiana.
In addition, Archway Sales is an authorized distributor of
Momentives specialty silicones for industrial, consumer care
and select personal-care materials in Indiana, Kentucky, Michi-
gan, Ohio, western New York, western Pennsylvania and West
Virginia, and industrial materials in western New York, western
Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Archway is also the exclusive
distributor of SPUR*+ technology materials in the United States.
Dow Coating Materials Focuses on
Sustainability at OCCA Seminar
HORGEN, Switzerland Dow Coating Materials scientists pre-
sented Coatings Industry Sustainability Trends, Challenges
and Opportunities at the Ninth Annual Oil & Colour Chemists
Association (OCCA) Seminar in Manchester, UK. The presentation,
by Houshang Kheradmand, European Technology Awareness and
Innovation Manager for DCM, and co-authored by Andrew Trapani,
European Technical Director for DCM, focused on identifying sus-
tainability trends and opportunities in the global coatings industry,
as well as methodologies for integrating sustainable-development
criteria across the lifecycle of a product.
The paper illustrated how a cross-disciplinary approach to sus-
tainable development involves functions across an entire organi-
zation. Kheradmand used examples from Dow Coating Materials
to demonstrate how enabling technologies allow paint formula-
tors to create innovative products that combine high performance
with increasingly optimized eco-designs.
Last years presentation was a more broad-based overview of how
globalization, economics, population and ecological conditions affect
all facets of the international coatings industry, said Kheradmand.
SHANGHAI AkzoNobels Internation-
al Paint is the sole supplier of protec-
tive coatings for the overhaul of the
San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge.
The work involves the complete
replacement of the existing east
span on the Oakland side, with
coating of the new steelwork being
carried out in China.
Following the 1989 Loma Prieta
earthquake, which damaged a sec-
tion of the east span, extensive stud-
ies were undertaken to determine
whether Californias largest bridges
were seismically safe. As a result, it
was determined that the entire Bay
Bridge required major seismic safety
improvements. The west span has under-
gone a major seismic retrofit, while the
east span is being completely replaced at
a cost of more than $5 billion.
The steel structures are being built by
Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industry Co.
Ltd.; the company chose to use protec-
tive coatings from International Paint.
A total of 400,000 liters of Inter-
zinc
22 inorganic, zinc-rich silicate

and Interfine
979 acrylic polysilox-

ane, supplied by AkzoNobel Inter-
national Paint (Suzhou) Co. Ltd.,
will be used in this project. These
products have the advantages of
anti-corrosion, abrasion and impact
resistance, gloss, and color reten-
tion that meet the rigorous require-
ments for the bridge. International
Paint is offering a 20-year warranty
for this project.
AkzoNobel Coatings to Protect Oakland Bay Bridge
for complete paint
and coatings
microbial control.
Ask your local expert.
1-800-447-4369
www.dowmicrobialcontrol.com
ask m
e
Celso Magri
Ask Us Expert
Dow Microbial Control
Our preservation experts can help you get the most
out of our best-in-class portfolio of products:
Dry-Film Protection:
BIOBAN
IPBC 40 Antimicrobial
BIOBAN IPBC 40 LE Preservative
BIOBAN OIT 45 LE Antimicrobial
BIOBAN IPBC 20 Antimicrobial
ROCIMA
63 Industrial Microbicide
ROCIMA 200 Industrial Microbicide
ROCIMA 4000 Biocide
ROCIMA 404D Biocide
ROZONE
2000 Liquid Fungicide and Algicide

SKANE
M-8 Mildewcide
In-Can Preservation:
BIOBAN ULTRA BIT 20 LE Antimicrobial
DOWICIL
75 Preservative
DOWICIL 96 Antimicrobial
KATHON
LX 1.5% Microbicide
ROCIMA 586 Industrial Microbicide
ROCIMA 607 Biocide
ROCIMA BT 2S Industrial Microbicide
ROCIMA BT NV2 Industrial Microbicide
Plant Hygiene Support:
DOWICIL QK 20 Antimicrobial
Ask more of us.
When it comes to the best preservation for your
paint and coatings formulations, Dow Microbial
Control takes you beyond biocides. We solve your
microbial problems with unmatched experience and
expertise in the regulatory and preservation needs
of North America. Ask for the most comprehensive
microbial product portfolio backed by the most
secure supply chain in the industry. Ask more of us.
MAY 2010
|

C O M P A N Y N E W S
This year, we will share practical examples
of how we use key metrics to quantify the
overall eco-impact, carbon footprint and
volatile organic compound emissions of a
product, as well as reductions in energy and
raw-material consumption.
3V Inc. Announces New
Distribution Agreements
DAYTON, OH 3V Inc., N.A., Dayton, OH,
has announced new distribution agree-
ments with Dunleary Inc., TCR Industries,
EMCO Chemical, LV Lomas, D&F Distrib-
uting and DB Becker.
The contact for Dunleary Inc. is John
Behan, 800/828.1959. Jim Pasternak is
the contact for TCR Industries. Paster-
nak can be reached at 714/521.5222. The
contact for EMCO Chemical is Michael
Wolfe, 847/689.2200. George Robson will
be the contact for LV Lomas. Robson can
be reached at 800/575.3382. The contact
for D&F Distributing is Julia Williams,
214/520.1334. The contact for DB Becker
Co. is Dan Canavan III, 908/730.6010.
3V Inc., N.A. manufactures a wide
range of additives for the plastics, coating,
adhesive and ink industries.
Underwriters Labs and
Atlas Form Alliance
NORTHBROOK, IL Underwriters Labo-
ratories (UL), a third-party safety test-
ing and certification provider, has entered
into an alliance with Atlas Material Test-
ing Technology, a leader in accelerated
weathering instruments and weathering
testing services. This alliance benefits
both companies with increased global
testing capacity and expertise in acceler-
ated aging performance. It enables them
to provide faster testing and certification
turnaround time for manufacturers spe-
cializing in solar energy products.
Perstorp Expands in India
PERSTORP, Sweden Perstorp has estab-
lished a new application laboratory in
India. The laboratory will meet the grow-
ing demand for high-quality and tech-
nologically advanced specialty chemical
solutions in the country. The company is
also expanding its sales team in India to
support the expansion.
India continues to be a major growth
market, with a GDP growth of seven to eight
percent per year and rapidly rising stan-
dards of living. As the automotive, construc-
tion and textile industries continue to boom
in the country, demand continues to grow.
Perstorp has also expanded its sales and
marketing organization in India to better
support its customers and has plans for
continued recruitment.
BASF Plans Technical Center for
Eco-Friendly Car Coatings
SEOUL, South Korea BASF is establishing
a technical center in Korea that will develop
advanced, eco-friendly coatings technolo-
gies for the automotive industry. BASF and
the Gyeonggi Provincial Government of the
Republic of Korea (GGPG) signed a memo-
randum of understanding to confirm the
collaboration in constructing this center.
The Coatings Technical Center will be
located at the Gyeonggi Techno Park in
Ansan City, Gyeonggi Province, South
Korea. In the center, BASF plans to con-
duct research and development of eco-
friendly waterborne coatings for use by
automotive OEMs as well as the technol-
ogy for integrated coating process, which
yields more cost-efficient results. The
GGPG pledges to provide all the necessary
support required to facilitate a seamless
establishment and operation. The center
will be in operation by mid-2010.
CCP Celebrates Anniversary
KANSAS CITY, MO Cook Composites
and Polymers (CCP) celebrated its 20-year
anniversary as a company on Feb. 9,
2010. CCP was formed out of a joint-ven-
ture partnership between Total Chimie
of Paris, France, and the Cook Paint and
Varnish Co. of North Kansas City, MO.
CCP is an industry leader in the coatings
and composites markets. It has participated
in the purchase or joint-venture partner-
ships of approximately 12 manufacturing
and distribution companies over its history.
Ferguson/ICC to Distribute
for EPS-Materials
MARENGO, IL/BRAMPTON, Ontario
EPS-Materials, a supplier of resins and colo-
rants for the paint and coatings market, has
appointed Ferguson/ICC as the exclusive
distributor for northern Alberta and eastern
Canada. Ferguson/ICC has a strong market
presence in coatings, graphic arts, rubber,
plastics, adhesives and specialty care.
TH Hilson to Distribute for Soltex
WHEATON, IL Soltex has announced
that TH Hilson Co. will become its Mid-
west distributor. Soltex product lines span
a broad range of specialty chemical prod-
ucts. Industries served by Soltex include
coatings, adhesives, sealants, rubber, met-
alworking, lubricants and consumer care.
The new contact for Soltex products can
be reached at custserv@thhilson.com.
JNS Smithchem to
Distribute for ITP
PATERSON, NJ JNS Smithchem LLC has
been appointed the distributor in New Eng-
land for International Trading Partners
(ITP) line of Orisil
and Konasil fumed

silicas. JNS Smithchem currently distrib-
utes these products in New York and New
Jersey, and the territory will be expanded to
include the New England states.
Sherwin-Williams
Acquires Sayerlack
CLEVELAND The Sherwin-Williams
Co. has signed a definitive agreement to
acquire the Industrial Wood Coatings busi-
ness of Arch Chemicals Inc., Norwalk, CT.
Headquartered in Pianoro, Italy, Arch
Industrial Wood Coatings trades under
the Sayerlack brand name and is a leading
coatings innovator in the joinery, furni-
ture and cabinets markets. Net sales in
2009 were $147 million.
Founded in 1954, Sayerlack is one of the
largest manufacturers of industrial wood
coatings in Europe and a technology leader
in polyurethane, water and UV coatings.
Sayerlack operates several manufactur-
ing sites across Western Europe along with
a comprehensive network of sales, techni-
cal and distributor representatives serving
clients in Asia and the United States.
For more information, please contact

your local Evonik Degussa Account
Manager or the Colorants Customer
Service department.
Evonik Degussa Corporation
379 Interpace Parkway
P. O. Box 677
Parsippany, NJ 07054-0677
+1 800 367-4857 . 8958
www.evonik.com/colortrend
In a world of innite colors, we are realizing endless possibilities to design our
own environment in safer and more creative ways. Evonik is proud to introduce
COLORTREND 808 High Performance colorants, the latest addition to our
portfolio of No-VOC colorants.
Now you can experience broader color space potential for brighter colors,
plus high performance solutions for better durability, superior fade resistance,
and improved opacity.
With increased exibility in customization, paint companies upgrading or investing
in this latest No-VOC colorant technology can meet growing market demands,
exceed environmental regulations and even reduce tinting costs.
As the largest independent colorant manufacturer and a global leader in specialty
chemicals, Evonik continues to deliver eco-friendly, innovative, color system solutions.
Just one more step to making our world safer, brighter, better inside and out!
The Future of ColorToday!
Safer, brighter, better

inside and out!
COLORTREND 808 No-VOC
High Performance Colorants
N A M E S I N T H E N E W S
MAY 2010
|

Matt Bestvina has joined Fitz Chem Corp.s
Customer Service Department as a Customer
Service Representative. Additionally, Jason
Gitt has been named Technical Industry Man-
ager; he will help manage Fitz Chems expan-
sion into the Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Loui-
siana and Mississippi markets.
Dallam (Ted) Blandy has been named Cray
Valleys new Director of Sales. He is responsible
for management of sales and customer service for the Americas.
Gaco Western has hired Kynny Carlson and Greg Stewart.
Carlson has been appointed Area Sales Manager for the Arizona
territory. Stewart will serve as the new Southeast Regional Sales
Manager for the companys residential WallFoam division.
Lintech International LLC has promoted Charles Churn III to
Product Manager Additives. Kathy Briggs has recently joined the
Lintech team as Product Manager Resins.
Infratrol Manufacturing Corp. has appointed Mike Grande
as Engineering Manager. Grande is responsible for overseeing
Infratrols Engineering Department and will be the liaison between
engineering and manufacturing.
Shamrock Technologies Inc. has named
Steven M. Parker as its President and Chief
Operating Officer. William B. Neuberg will
remain Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
Parker served in an advisory role to the Sham-
rock leadership team during much of 2009.
Additionally, Craig Baudendistel has been
named Director of Sales for Shamrock.
BYK-Gardner has promoted Richard Scott
to Director of Key Accounts for North America. The company has
also hired Carol Traister as Regional Sales Manager for the Ohio
Valley area and Blake Burich as Regional Sales Manager for the
Eastern Great Lakes area.
Frank J. Sutman, of Ashland Hercules Water Technolo-
gies, has been designated one of nine TAPPI Fellows for 2010.
Fellow is an honorary title given to individuals who have made
extraordinary technical or service contributions to the industry
and the association.
Draiswerke Inc. has appointed Leon Von Fintel to the posi-
tion of Service Manager. Von Fintel has more than 30 years of
industry experience and expertise in mixing, dispersing and
milling applications.
Email: custinfo@cytec.com l Worldwide Contact information: www.cytec.com l US Toll Free: 800-652-6013 l Tel: 973-357-3193
2010 Cytec Industries Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Cytec Coating Resins delivers innovative products beyond our customers imagination.
We are pioneers in the development and production of high performance coating solutions.
Our line of low-VOC coatings, radiation curing and powder coating resins and additives
allow our customers to create sustainable change for the industries they serve.

For more information, visit us at the American Coatings Show in booth #2625.

Pioneering Sustainable Change
Carlson Stewart
George Lu,
General Manager,
China Operations
(
Duplicating your U.S.

process in China? Now youre
speaking my language!)
Ross can help make your business
more competitive in East Asia,
Europe and the Middle East. With
two plants in China, Ross can
provide the mixing equipment
you need to duplicate your
U.S. process overseas.
With genuine Ross engineering and
quality standards, we can help
eliminate end-product inconsistency.
With worldwide manufacturing
and distribution, we can also
deliver fast at a price thats
impressive in any language.
Call 1-800-243-ROSS today.
Or visit www.mixers.com.
?
!
MANUFACTURED BY H&S AUTOSHOT
FOR SITE-APPLIED COATINGS
UV CURING EQUIPMENT
Georgetown, ON Niagara Falls, NY
1-888-677-3798 www.hsautoshot.com
VISIT US AT RAD TECH BOOTH NO.908
In-house design
& engineering!
FUNCTIONAL FILLERS AND EXTENDERS
Superior in Clear Coats
For more information and our complete product portfolio visit:
www.BrilliantAdditions.com
RadTech Booth #1014
MAY 2010
|

Going green? Go here rst.
www.BYK.com/greenability
RadTech Booth #427
RadTech Booth #725
Cycloaliphatic Epoxy Resins
Synasia is a manufacturer of cycloaliphatic epoxy resins used with UV
cationic or conventional curing techniques. Our products are a direct
replacement for certain resins.
UVR-6110/ERL-4221/Syna-Epoxy 21, production capacity:
~2000 ton scale.
UVR-6105/ERL-4221D /Syna-Epoxy 06
UVR-6128/ERL-4299 /Syna-Epoxy 28
UVR-6107-Syna-Epoxy 07
Synasia supplies Photoinitiators and resin curatives.
Synasia also specializes in custom synthesis and contract and toll
manufacturing from our three well-equipped fully integrated
manufacturing production sites in China.
631-859-3988
www.synasia.com
RadTech Booth #906
R A DT E C H U V & E B 2 0 1 0 E X H I B I T O R S
Visit these companies at RadTech UV&EB 2010
May 23-26, 2010
Baltimore, MD
Spot light sources for UV curing
Hamamatsu offers spot light sources for UV curing, includ-
ing LED- and lamp-based systems. These products offer
high output intensity, low heat emission, high stability, and
long lifetimes. Our UV-LED light sources (LC-L1, LC-L2, and
LC-L3 series) provide monochromatic UV light at 365 or
385 nm. We also offer UV spot light sources equipped with
xenon or mercury-xenon lamps (LC8 series).
http://sales.hamamatsu.com
usa@hamamatsu.com
RadTech Booth #918
19
S
U
P
P
L
I
E
R

S
H
O
W
C
A
S
E
S
Email: custinfo@cytec.com l Worldwide Contact information: www.cytec.com
l US Toll Free: 800-652-6013 l Tel: 973-357-3193
2010 Cytec Industries Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Cytec Coating Resins is a pioneer in the development of low-VOC coatings,
radiation curing and powder coating resins and additives that allow our
customers to create sustainable change for the industries they serve. For
more information, visit us at the RadTech UV&EB 2010 show in booth #707.
Pioneering Sustainable Change
watch the video at www.hunterlab.com/Industry/PaintCoating
The MiniScan EZ is a
portable color measurement
instrument that can be used on
the plant floor, the production
line, or outdoors to measure the
reflected color of your product.
Its ergonomic design features a
rubberized handle that provides
sure-handed carrying and virtually
eliminates user fatigue when measuring a large number of
samples. The measurements can be stored in memory for
later printout or download to a PC.
703-471-6870 or info@hunterlab.com
quallty Censlstency
Rellablllty Green
RadTech Booth #929
Flexibility and Affordability
Now You Get Both In A Single
Pulsed UV/VIS Curing System
X-LITE offers low surface heat, rapid curing
solutions for a number of demanding
UV-curable materials. Features include a
high-intensity light source with instant on/off
operation for batch processing applications,
spot or flood illumination settings and high
peak-power UV/Visible pulses. And for OEMs,
theres a flexible X-LITE unit perfectly matched
to demanding, low-energy requirements.
XENON CORPORATION
Wilmington, MA+1-978-661-9033
www.xenoncorp.com
EMD Chemicals Inc.
480 South Democrat Road
Gibbstown, NJ 08027
www.emdchemicals.com
For more information call:
800.222.0342
effects@emdpigments.com
www.emdpigments.com
Innovative Effect Pigments
Designed for Caotings
Iriodin
Colorstream
Biflair
Minatec
Miraval
Pyrisma
Xirallic
RadTech Booth # 507
MAY 2010
|

I
n a time of unprecedented economic uncer-
tainty, we have been able to strategically
position ourselves to meet the current and
future needs of our customers. Those were
the words stated by Patricia Yulkowski,
Total Door
Chief Executive Officer, marking the grand

opening of Total Doors new environmentally con-
scious, Feng Shui-inspired, innovative manufacturing
and training facility.
What may not have been touted as loudly as the signifi-
cant historical event of the grand opening are the impres-
sive green innovative processes, materials and tools that
Total Door has designed into its manufacturing system.
Patricia Yulkowski notes that 80% of our material is
recycled, and we have significantly reduced the use of
volatile organic compounds. Our door systems are also
made in the United States, whereas 80% of builders hard-
ware product is manufactured overseas.
An exceptional example of one of Total Doors innova-
tive process changes was moving from solvent-based coat-
ing to UV coating technology. The move was a major part
of the companys green strategy, and teaming with Allied
PhotoChemical, Inc., a Michigan-based UV technology
company, delivered the right solution streamlining the
manufacturing process, for Total Doors needs.
Total Doors decision to move from solvent-based
coating to UV coating technology was based on sus-
tainability of the technology. UV coating provides a
platform for Total Doors

manufacturing based on the
following key attributes:
faster production speed;
reduced work in process;
reduced manufacturing footprint;
reduced energy costs;
reduced quality costs;
cleaner no VOCs or HAPs; and
cleaner and safer work environment.
Sustainable UV coating technology offers a process that
has many benefits that deliver to the bottom line for Total
Door. This technology enables the company to run its door
manufacturing process at a higher line speed, which offers
them more production capacity and flexibility. In addi-
tion, the UV coating process offers a cure time of less than
two seconds, which offers many benefits, from immediate
handling to reduction in quality costs. Also, UV coatings
are typically 100% solids, meaning no solvent or water
content to deal with a much greener process.
From a production standpoint, UV coating technology
offers Total Door

the ability to implement a process that
consumes a great deal less floor space, mainly by reducing
or eliminating conventional ovens and conveyors. Work
in Process is virtually eliminated due to the instant cure
properties of the UV coating process. With these reduc-
By Michael Kelly and Dan Sweetwood | Allied PhotoChemical Inc., Kimball, MI; and Kevin Joesel, Fusion UV, Gaithersburg, MD
Green
UV Coatings Technology
Comes to Total Door
FIGURE 1 | Overview of Total Door UV manufacturing systems.
Fusion UV Lights
on Reciprocators
Fusion UV Lights
Bell System
Spraying
Bell System Static
21
tions, energy costs are also reduced. One main area of focus for
Total Door

is overall quality and the costs associated with quality.
The ability to immediately inspect UV-coated cured parts is criti-
cal to Total Doors goal to continually reduce quality defects. The
UV paint process delivers this capability.
The sustainability of UV coating technology offers Total Door

a
means to greatly reduce its VOC emissions, as most UV coatings
contain no VOCs or HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants). Typically,
UV coatings offer the manufacturer reduced reporting as well as
cleaner and safer work environments.
Total Door Manufacturing Flow
Figure 1 outlines the details of the UV coating process at Total
Door. The system has two bell atomizers that are reciprocated.
The coating is applied electrostatically, ensuring excellent
coating coverage.
After the coating is applied, two Fusion microwave UV lights
are reciprocated on each side of the product. This ensures that
adequate curing of the coating takes place. Figure 1 is a pictorial
representation of the UV coating and cure of the UV coating pro-
cess at Total Door.
Total Door Color Match Capabilities
Another important feature of the Total Door UV system design
and implementation is that the UV coating technology provides
on-site color matching capabilities.
Conclusion
From the companys modest beginning, Total Doors mission has
been, as Leon Yulkowski so humbly put it, to fill a hole in a wall.
However, on closer examination it is much more than a simple
statement. What it stands for is the focus on its customers ulti-
mate success by providing a highly differentiated custom product
to meet specifically determined, valued customer needs, as well as
excellent service that makes the installed product look superior
and exceed performance expectations. Implementing UV coatings
technology to replace a solvent-based system serves as an example
of Total Doors commitment to quality, higher production capa-
bilities and a safer work environment for employees.
Color UV matching system.

Buhler nc. (PARTEC)
Oxylink@buhlergroup.com
USA / Canada: 512- 466 8005
Europe / Asia: +49 (0) 681 - 394 6550
www.buhlergroup.com
Call us for a free sample!
Be Green and Better!

The performance additive for:

Stronger waterborne coatings
Faster drying
Better blocking resistance
Higher humidity resistance
Increased productivity
Oxylink
TM

For better
waterborne
coatings
New Total Door manufacturing facility, located in Waterford, MI.
Company web shot.
MAY 2010
|

U
V curing consists of a polymerization
reaction that transforms a liquid resin
into a solid film within a fraction of a sec-
ond under the action of light. This tech-
nology is an effective alternative to con-
ventional printing processes, which commonly involve the
use of solvents, and it simultaneously addresses economic
and environmental concerns. However, some well-known
UV-curing issues still remain to be tackled, e.g., migration
of unreacted materials, a potential health hazard, particu-
larly in indirect food contact applications, where compo-
nents could migrate from the packaging into food. It is of
primary importance to find solutions to prevent migration,
especially since there is a clear trend today toward reducing
multi-layer packaging for environmental reasons and,
therefore, care must be taken to ensure suitable material
selection, curing conditions and printing processes. This
paper reports on the influence of curing conditions and
photoinitiator migration, with a special focus on photoini-
tiator structure, UV dose and curing atmosphere.
Introduction
UV curing has become a well-accepted technology, mainly
due to unique environmental and economic benefits
compared to conventional drying processes. Solvent-free
systems, low-energy consumption and high production
rates explain the fast growth of this technology in various
industrial sectors such as printing inks, protective coat-
ings, adhesives and composites.
In a UV-curing process, a liquid resin is transformed
within a fraction of a second into a solid polymer with
outstanding mechanical properties. The cure reaction is
initiated by means of a photoinitiator that decomposes
when absorbing light (Figure 1).
1,2
UV Curing in the Packaging Industry
High productivity and the superior quality of UV-printed
over conventionally printed materials have made this
technology especially successful in the graphic arts indus-
try. However, to gain full acceptance by the packaging
industry, a well-known UV-curing issue still has to be
tackled: the migration of additives, e.g., photoinitiators,
from the packaging into food. Indeed, after exposure
to UV light, the photoinitiator has not been completely
photolyzed. Significant amounts remain trapped in the
printed ink and can be further extracted from the layer
and transferred to the contents of the package.
Type I photoinitiators, shown in Figure 2, directly
initiate the UV-curing process by -cleavage.
3,4
Here,
concomitantly with the photolysis of the photoinitiator,
photodecomposition products are generated, as shown
for -hydroxyketone HK-1.
5
Volatile molecules release the
film during or just after exposure to UV light and in some
cases give off a strong odor, while components with a
By Katia Studer, Sbastien Villeneuve, Emmanuelle Brendl and Emanuela Chiappini | BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
UV-Curable Systems for
Sensitive
Applications
R CH2
C
CH2
O
O
R
O
C O
CH CH
2
C O
CH
2
CH
C O
CH
2
CH
C
CH
2
CH
C O
CH
C O
CH2 CH
C O
O
R
O
O
CH
CH CH C
O
O R O C
O
CH CH
2
.
Acrylate oligomer Polyacrylate
Radical photoinitiator
2
O O
UV-light
Radicals R
.
FIGURE 1 | Free radical UV-curing with acrylates.
23
higher molecular weight remain trapped in the cured ink
and, like the photoinitiator, can be extracted when enter-
ing into contact with an organic or aqueous phase.
A second type of initiating process, shown in Figure 3,
involves Type II photoinitiators, which do not undergo
-cleavage when exposed to light but go through a bi-
molecular initiating reaction in the presence of hydrogen
donors. Type II photoinitiators are essentially based on
aromatic ketones (e.g., benzophenone, thioxanthones
or camphorquinones). Polymerization is initiated by
the amino alkyl radical, whereas the ketyl radical does
not initiate polymerization of acrylate double bonds.
6,7
Since they do not generate secondary breakdown prod-
ucts, they were, until recently, regarded as low-emission
photoinitiators but were unfortunately found to migrate
significantly. This can be explained by the fact that they
are not grafted or attached in the final network.
UV-printed packages are essentially used in indirect food
contact applications. Some migrating species are occasion-
ally supposed to diffuse from the printed exterior of the
packaging to the inside, but the most probable explanation
for migration lies in the production process and storage
method of packages. Once printed and rolled, the inside of
the packaging comes into direct contact with the printed
outer surface. This is probably the crucial stage at which
small molecules are transferred to the inside, where they
will later come into direct contact with the foodstuffs.
8
The objective of the following discussion is to dem-
onstrate that a combination of the right initiator pack-
age and the right processing conditions can actually
address this issue and provide a safe solution to the
UV-curing industry, which is seeking low-emission and
low-migration systems.
Experimental
Products
The structures of photoinitiators mentioned in this paper
are shown in Figure 4.
Formulation
Table 1 shows an overprint varnish (OPV-1) formulation
used for reactivity assessments. This formulation was
further modified to provide a special overprint varnish
(OPV-2) with reduced odor. The UV-curable formulation
was applied using a 6 m-thick wire-wound bar coater.
For migration tests, radical photoinitiators were incor-
porated in a radically curable blue flexo UV ink at con-
centrations ranging from 2 wt% to 6 wt%. The flexo
UV-curable ink was applied on aluminum foil using a
Prf bau printing machine.
UV Irradiation
UV exposure was performed on an IST UV belt line
equipped with a medium-pressure mercury lamp (from
80 to 200 W/cm) at different belt speeds and under
different atmospheres (air or nitrogen with 500 ppm
residual oxygen).
Migration
Test samples were immersed in ethanol 95%, placed in
a pre-heated oven and left there for 2 hours at 70 C.
These conditions correspond to the extraction of the
photoinitiator from the printed ink placed in direct
contact with the food simulant, which does not give
the real levels of migration but provides a worst-case
scenario, allowing differentiation between several pho-
toinitiators. Extracted photoinitiators were quantified
by using reversed phase HPLC methods with UV detec-
tion. All experiments were performed in triplicate.
O
HO
O
OH
O
HO
O
OH
O
HO
O
OH
O
HO
O
H O
OH O
O
HO
O
O
O
OH
HO
OH
+
Cage reaction Separation
Recombination
+
DH
Polymerization
Combinations, rearrangements, DH
+
+ + +
+
+
+
HK-1
FIGURE 2 | Photolysis reaction scheme of a substituted hydroxyalkyl phenylketone.
TABLE 1 | Overprint varnish formulation.
Binder Weight [%]
Bisphenol A epoxyacrylate 30.0
Amine-modified acrylate 10.0
Reactive diluent tetrafunctional 5.0
Reactive diluent trifunctional 30.0
Reactive diluent difunctional 25.0
O
N
H
N
H
N
C
+
+
H
+
+
Curing
OH
+
+
Exciplex
+
+
O
FIGURE 3 | Initiation of UV-curing process by a Type II photoinitiator.
UV-Curable Systems for Sensitive Applications
MAY 2010
|

Curing Efficiency
Cure speeds were measured by determining dry rub resis-
tance (DRR), by transfer testing and by performing the
KMnO
4
test (optical density measured after 1 min contact).
Chemical modifications resulting from acrylate crosslink-
ing were monitored by IR spectroscopy with an ATR unit
for surface measurements (Digital FTIR Excalibur Spec-
trometer FTS 3000 MX). The reaction of the acrylate double
bonds was determined quantitatively by monitoring the
disappearance of the IR band at 1410 cm
-1
and 810 cm
-1

bands characteristic of the acrylate double bond.
9
Results and Discussion
Current Offer
The ability of a photoinitiator to migrate depends on its
type, as reported in Table 2. The results of extraction
tests performed on fully cured printed ink containing dif-
ferent photoinitiators show that, at a comparable molec-
ular weight, the amount of extracted photoinitiator can
vary by a factor of more than five, depending on type.
A second factor controlling migration levels is clearly
molecular weight. With their enhanced mobility, it is
mainly small molecules that are involved in contami-
nated beverages. Thus, increasing the molecular weight
of the photoinitiator is one alternative way of reducing
its mobility and consequently its ability to migrate.
However, this is achieved at the expense of reactivity
(Figure 6), as shown with high-molecular- weight ben-
zophenone photoinitiators whose structure is shown in
Figure 5. Those results associated with the molecular
weights reported in Table 3 show that there is a direct
link between cure speed and molecular weight (HMW-1
and HMW-3), and that one way to address the loss of
reactivity is to incorporate lower-molecular-weight spe-
cies (HMW-1 and HMW-2). However, this alternative
carries with it the risk of losing the benefit of using high-
molecular-weight components, as again these small spe-
cies are able to migrate even at low concentrations.
In all cases, however, reactivity is significantly lower than
that of HK-3 and HK-4, which themselves are ranked as
low-emission photoinitiators. Reducing their concentration
could allow migration levels to be reduced while achieving a
similar cure speed to that of HMW photoinitiators.
These results clearly show that thus far no suitable
product, i.e., a photoinitiator with good reactivity and
low/no emission, is available on the market.
Development Work
The structure of HK-3 was modified as shown in Figure
7 to give a high-molecular-weight photoinitiator called
MacroPICS so that, once exposed to light, it generates
heavy and/or crosslinkable breakdown products with
very low migration potential and highly volatile break-
down products that simultaneously minimize the migra-
tion potential of the photoinitiator and of its by-products
and ensure that there is no persistent odor. The molecular
weight of MacroPICS lies between 900 and 1200 g/mol.
In the first step, reactivity of MicroPICS was assessed
and compared to that of HK-2 (worst case in terms of
emission but used as a reference for reactivity), HK-3 and a
combination of benzophenone and HK-4. The reactivity of
TABLE 2 | Amount of photoinitiator extracted from a UV-printed film by ethanol 95%
at 70 C (2 hours); 2% PI in blue flexo ink; 500 ppm; lamp output=200 W/cm; belt
speed=20 m/min under nitrogen direct extraction.
Photoinitiator Type
Molecular
Weight (g/mol)
Extracted
Photoinitiator
(g/dm
2
)
AAK-1 -amino-ketone ~ 370 9.8
BAPO-1 acyl-phosphine oxide ~ 420 37
HK-3 -hydroxyketone ~ 340 59.1
O
O O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
n
m
o
p
O
O
O
+
HMW-1
O
O
O
O
O
O
HMW-1
O
O O
n
O
*
*
O
n
HMW-3 HMW-2
O O
O
O
HMW-2
[OCH
2
CH
2
]
a
-[OCH(CH
3
)CH
2
]
b
-[OCH
2
CH
2
]
c
FIGURE 5 | Generic chemical structures of HMW photoinitiators.
0
0.1
0.2
Optical Density
KMnO
4
Cure Speed(m/min)
Cure Speed
>>200 >>200
Optical Density
0
40
80
120
160
200
HMW-3 HMW-1 HMW-2 HK-3 HK-4
FIGURE 6 | Cure speed and efficiency in OPV-1 containing 10 wt% PI + 2% ethyl-4-
dimethylamino benzoate; Hg lamp at 200 W/cm, under air, 6 m thickness.
P
O O O
O
N
N O
O
OH
O
OH
CH
n
BAPO AAK
HK-2
HK-4
O O
OH
OH
HK-3
CH
2
R
n
FIGURE 4 | Chemical structures of photoinitiators used in this study.
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UV-Curable Systems for Sensitive Applications
MAY 2010
|

MacroPICS under these conditions is basically very similar
to that of standard photoinitiators (Table 4), confirming
that it is practically possible to combine high molecular
weight, low polydispersity index and adequate reactivity.
Such a product could allow a reasonable photoinitiator
concentration, whereas concentrations of up to 15% of the
HMW photoinitiators mentioned above are usual.
Extraction experiments were conducted in parallel on
UV-printed samples containing MacroPICS and compared
to HK-3: the results reported in Table 5 confirm that the
increase in molecular weight significantly reduces the
ability of the photoinitiator to be extracted from the film
under drastic extraction conditions.
Odor developing from films containing MacroPICS and
other photoinitiators was also assessed. Two curing condi-
tions were defined: in one case, all films were thoroughly
cured; in the other, films were cured at the maximum speed
that still gave tack-free surfaces (borderline conditions).
Again MacroPICS shows by far the best behavior (Table 6).
Oxygen Inhibition
Developing highly reactive HMW photoinitiators is the
key to minimizing migration, but it is also essential to
select the right curing conditions. We examined the influ-
ence of the curing atmosphere, which directly affects
the efficiency of the curing process. Indeed, atmospheric
oxygen interferes with free-radical UV-curing processes:
the free radicals formed by the photolysis of the initiator
are rapidly scavenged by O
2
molecules to yield peroxyl
radicals,
10,11
which do not polymerize the acrylate double
bonds and can therefore not initiate or participate in
any polymerization reaction. To surmount this issue,
which directly impacts cure speed, additional amounts
of photoinitiator are traditionally introduced into the
formulation, allowing the photoinitiator to compete more
efficiently against oxygen scavenging.
Another well-known practice to overcome this prob-
lem, which is unfortunately not sufficiently used on an
industrial scale, is the utilization of an inert atmosphere,
usually nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
12
Working under inert
atmosphere has many advantages:
it allows a significant reduction in the amount of photoini-
tiator required, while maintaining stable cure speed;
free radicals are more likely to participate in the curing
process and to be grafted to the network;
a limited number of by-products is generated; and
last but not least, crosslinking density is much higher.
All these elements help to reduce photoinitiator
migration levels.
The behavior of MacroPICS was thus investigated under
inert conditions. In particular, the concentration required
under nitrogen to match the cure speed reached when
exposed under air was determined.
Figure 8 shows that working under nitrogen allows the
photoinitiator concentration to be reduced by a factor of
more than 10, as acrylate conversion is close to 90% for
the same UV dose, with both 5% MacroPICS cured under
air and 0.2% MacroPICS exposed under oxygen-reduced
conditions. This very low concentration combined with
a low-emission photoinitiator leads to extremely low
amounts of extractables.
Conclusion
Until now, the only solutions suggested were not satisfying
in terms of emission or reactivity, and the poor purity of
commercial high-molecular-weight photoinitiators entailed
risks that converters were not aware of. Along with a high
molecular weight, which makes it unlikely to migrate exten-
sively, the newly developed MacroPICS photoinitiator allows
a significant reduction in concentration while still maintain-
ing good reactivity, especially under inert conditions.
These results provide a real understanding of the value
that can be extracted from UV-curing technology by the
printing industry when combining the right photoinitia-
TABLE 4 | Cure speed and efficiency of MacroPICS compared to other photoinitiators
in OPV-2; Hg lamp at 200 W/cm, under air, 6 m thickness.
Photoinitiator
5%
MacroPICS
5% HK-2 5% HK-3
2% BP + 3%
HK-4
Cure speed
(m/min) and
efficiency
Speed OD Speed OD Speed OD Speed OD
50 m/
min
0.15
60 m/
min
0.15
70 m/
min
0.15
70 m/
min
0.14
TABLE 3 | Molecular weight of the different photoinitiators.
Photoinitiator Molecular Weight (g/mol)
HMW-1 ~ 1000
HMW-2 From 500 to 3200
HMW-3 From 500 to 800
HK-3 ~ 340
TABLE 6 | Odor of UV-printed films containing different photoinitiators and cured
under different conditions; 5% PI in OPV-2; lamp output = 200 W/cm under air. Odor
ranking: from 0 (no odor) to 5 (very strong odor).
Samples Odor After 24 Hours
MacroPICS
Borderline (50 m/min) 2
Well cured (30 m/min) 0-1
HK-2
Well cured (30 m/min) 4-5
HK-4
Well cured (30 m/min) 3
TABLE 5 | Migration of different types of photoinitiator in ethanol 95% at 70 C;
2% PI in blue flexo ink; 500 ppm; lamp output=200 W/cm; belt speed = 20 m/min
under nitrogen direct extraction.
Photoinitiator Extracted Photoinitiator (g/dm
2
)
HK-3 59.1
MacroPICS 34.6
A
O O
OH OH
G
Anchoring Group
Highly volatile
leaving products
OH
A
OH
FIGURE 7 | Structure of MacroPICS.
tor with the right processing conditions. The packaging indus-
try gains a new vision, as it becomes possible to achieve very
low emission levels using this technology. This thorough work
should open up new application fields to UV-curing and allow
significant growth for food applications in the flexible packag-
ing, folding carton and label markets.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Dr. G. Weidenbrck and A. Metzger for checking the
article, as well as B. Spony and G. Haller for the experimental work.
References
1
Decker, C. Pigment & Resin Technology 2001, 30 278.
2
Decker, C. Macromol. Rapid. Commun. 2002, 23 1067/
3
Decker, C. Materials Science and Technology, Processing of Polymers, ed. by
H.E.H. Meijer, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim, 18 (13), 1997.
4
Crivello, J.V.; Dietliker, K. Chemistry and Technology of UV&EB Formulation for
Coatings, Inks & Paints, G. Bradley Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, Sita
Technology Ltd, London, Vol. 3, 1998
5
Masson, F.; Decker, C.; Andre, S.; Andrieu, X. Progress in Organic Coatings
2004, 49 1.
6
Cook, W.D. Polymer 1992, 33, 600.
7
Segurola, J.; Allen, N.; Edge, M.; Parrondo, A.; Roberts, I. J . Photochem. Photo-
biol. 1999, A, 122, 115.
8
Simian, H.; Veyrand, J.; Klump, S.; Spack, L.; de la Cruz Garca, C.; Papilloud, S.
4th International Symposium on Food Packaging, November 2008, Prague.
9
Decker, C.; Moussa, K. Makromol. Chem. 1988, 189, 2381.
10
Claveyrolles, L.; Villeneuve, S. Radtech News 2000, 3, 4.
11
Decker, C. Handbook of Polymer Science and Technology, 3 (1989), 541.
12
Studer, K.; Decker, C.; Beck, E.; Schwalm, R. Progress in Organic Coatings 2003,
48, 92.
This article is based on the presentation UV-Curing Systems for Sensitive Applica-
tions given at the European Coatings Congress, 2009, in Nuremberg, Germany, by
Katia Studer, BASF SE.
For more information, contact katia.studer@basf.com, or call +41 61 63 64083.
27
50
60
70
80
90
100
5%
Air
0.2%
Acrylate Conversion (%)
IR band at 1410 cm
-1
IR band at 810 cm
-1
500 ppm remaining oxygen
[MacroPICS]
Atmosphere
FIGURE 8 | Acrylate conversion of OPV-2 containing different concentra-
tions of MacroPICS exposed under air and nitrogen atmospheres; Hg lamp
at 200 W/cm; 50 m/min; 6 m thickness.
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O
nce upon a time in a land far, far
away, gas stations were called service
stations and they had a team of atten-
dants to pump your gas, clean your
windshield and lift the hood to check
your oil every time you filled upand gas cost less than 30
cents per gallon. To many of todays kids, this is as much of
a fairy tale as Cinderella or Snow White.
Is it any wonder why automobile designers install both
oil dip-sticks and dashboard oil warning lights? Wouldnt
just one of these suffice?
Obviously, while these measurement devices are related,
they measure different oil properties and have markedly
different functions. The risk of driving your car without
enough oil is important enough to merit constant vigil
and you obviously cant check the dip stick while driving.
On the other hand, the need for absolute oil level measure-
ments during maintenance (like oil changes and tune ups)
or to provide mechanics with a quantitative measure when
diagnosing engine problems requires the dip-stick.
Despite the risks, most UV systems operate without a
warning light or a dip-stick. (Dip-stick in this case refers
to a test or measurement device and not a person running
the line.) Even the best-managed lines too often rely only
on periodic checks with a belt radiometer as the means of
measuring UV cure. But, like driving without a warning
light, the potential damage that can occur by operating a
UV line without a warning light should stop operators in
their track and cause them to consider the value of adding
real-time UV measurement.
Having worked on literally hundreds of production lines,
its ironic that while almost no system designer would sup-
ply a thermal convection oven without a process thermo-
couple, we rarely see a system with a real-time UV sensor
installed. This is ironic considering that UV curing is often
associated with high-speed production for things like print-
ing, optical fiber, packaging, CD/DVD manufacturing, or
high-speed wood finishing lines. These are applications
where an undetected problem could mean hundreds, even
thousands of bad parts in just hours. By the time these guys
break out their belt radiometer its far too late. It is locking
the barn door after the horse has gone.
The Big Three automakers tackled this problem during
the 1990s when they drafted the QS-9000 standard that
required process monitoring rather than allowing suppli-
ers to rely on finished parts inspection alone. They real-
ized that preventing defects and not just fixing them was
the key to cutting costs.
Fortunately, the technology to continuously monitor
UV curing not only exists, but is easy to implement, and
cost-effective. This paper describes what you need to mea-
sure to safeguard your line and how to do it.
Changes to UV Output in the Real World
In day-to-day operation, UV lamps, particularly arc
lamp systems, show a pronounced drop in irradiance
over time. Like a spark plug, continuous and repeated
use cuts the lamps life from the first time its fired. Its
not unusual to see a 50% change in output after less
than 1,000 hours of use.
Cleanliness of the reflector, changes in cooling, and power
supply problems can all impact irradiance. So can any
changes in distance of the lamp to the part or angle of the
bulb that might occur from handling during maintenance.
What to Measure?
There are two parameters of UV curing that most users
should measure regularly: peak irradiance and energy
density. Lets take a quick look at what each of these
terms means.
By Paul Mills | UV Robotics, Cleveland, OH; and Jim Raymont | EIT Instrument Markets, Sterling, VA
The Missing Link:
Real-Time UV
Monitoring and
Measurement
31
Irradiance: In lay terms, this measures how bright
the UV lamp is. Irradiance can be affected in a number of
ways: by increasing the wattage just as you might by
switching from a 25W to a 60W light bulb, or, by turning
up or down the intensity through a variable power sup-
ply. The common measure of irradiance is Watts/cm
2
.
Energy Density: Time is the second factor critical to
proper curing, and this is referred to as energy density.
You may also hear it called dose even though this term
does not accurately fit. As sun-tanners can attest, its not
just the intensity of the UV source that produces their
glow, but exposure time. A few seconds in even the bright-
est sunlight wont produce a bronzed body.
To produce properly cured products, both irradiance
and time must be within the prescribed material specifica-
tion. Like most cooking recipes that require a certain time
and temperature, UV recipes usually require minimum
irradiance and exposure time (energy density). The com-
mon measure of energy density is Joules/cm
2
. (This is a
simplification and assumes that you have the right type
of UV source for your formulation and that other process
parameters are controlled and maintained.)
Belt Radiometers versus On-Line Sensors
The conventional approach to checking UV system
performance (in those refreshing instances where its
being done) usually relies on running a logging radiom-
eter through the system. The belt radiometer is the ideal
tool for this purpose.
The latest generation of belt radiometers records peak
irradiance and energy density over a number of important
UV bands simultaneously. Since the belt radiometer mim-
ics a production part, it provides very useful information
about the UV exposure of production parts.
The belt radiometer, like the car dip-stick, provides an
absolute, quantitative evaluation of cure. Its values can
be compared to the material specification as an indicator
of how the process is running, and provides enormous
insight when troubleshooting is needed.
But since it is a data logging device, it cannot pro-
vide the continuous, real-time monitoring needed to
detect problems that might occur between data col-
lection runs. For these continuous measurements, a
simple sensor integrated either into the process cham-
ber, or installed into the UV source itself, provides a
simple but effective solution.
These sensors provide continuous irradiance data,
which when combined with line speed monitoring and
control, provide an added layer of process security. So
the prudent operator will utilize both tools: a logging
belt radiometer for quantitative, absolute data required
for establishing, optimizing, maintaining and trouble-
shooting the process; and a compact, on-line sensor to
continuously watch for changes in UV output. Again,
these devices arent any more redundant than a dip-
stick is to a warning light.
Selecting and Installing Real-Time UV Monitoring
Having determined that a warning light on your UV
line can save you time, money and perhaps some gray
hair how should this device best be designed and inte-
grated into the system?
The best solution embodies a few topics: sensor selec-
tion, sensor placement and data handling.
Sensor Design and Selection
The ideal UV sensor must embody a number of features.
First it must be compact enough to be located in the sys-
tem, often in close quarters, without interfering with the
production process. Todays sensors measure as small as
0.57 x 0.60 x 0.75 (1.45 x 1.52 x 1.91 cm), making
them a truly compact device. These sensors are even avail-
able with a purge design which allows a whisper of low-
pressure air or nitrogen to keep the sensor window clean
even in dirty environments where airborne contaminants
might interfere with measurements.
The sensors are available in a variety of fixed spectral
bandwidth responses (UVA, UVB, UVC, UVV) that cover
short, mid and long wave UV. Each sensor incorporates
a single bandwidth in the optics of the sensor. The actual
bandwidth that you decide to use for the sensor is based
upon a combination of things including formulation,
lamp system, bulb type (mercury or mercury-additive),
process window and application. An application with a
relatively steady UV source can go out of spec because
reflectors and/or quartz plates/tubes get dirty and less UV
is transmitted to the cure surface. In other cases, it is more
important to monitor changing output conditions from
the actual source. Some customers may decide to moni-
When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express
it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot
measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge
is of a meager and unsatisfactory kind. -Lord Kelvin
The Missing Link: Real-Time UV Monitoring and Measurement
MAY 2010
|

tor the source with a long wave sensor (UVA or UVV) and
reflectors with a short wave (UVC) sensor.
One of the daunting challenges to sensor design is mak-
ing a unit tough and stable enough for the extreme expo-
sure in high-intensity UV applications where extreme
UV irradiance and heat are common. The compact sen-
sor has been designed to withstand thousands of hours
of direct exposure to UV without noticeable degradation.
For example, solarization, which is the deterioration of
optical components common with exposure to intense
UV light has been virtually eliminated
in the latest generation of sensors.
These sensors supply an analog output
signal, proportional to the UV light
exposure to an electronic interface.
Sensor Location
While the compact and rugged design of
the sensor provides a great deal of flexibil-
ity in where the sensor can be mounted,
some locations make more sense than
others. Locating the sensor near or in the
lamp itself has several advantages, since
it provides the most direct measurement
of the light source. The sensors have a
narrow field of view and on multi-lamp
systems, individual sensors can supply
data for each lamp without the confusing
effects of exposure to several lamps at a
time. But great care should be taken with
mounting a sensor in the lamp housing,
and the lamp manufacturer needs to be
consulted. The sensor should not inter-
fere with the proper or safe operation of
the lamp.
Fortunately, a few lamp manufac-
turers are now warming to the idea
of installing these sensors in the lamp
during construction. The relatively
small incremental cost of this valuable
feature makes sense and we expect to
see more lamps with built-in monitor-
ing in the future.
Sensors can be installed viewing the
lamp in many locations provided that the temperature is
below 100 C. Typically a sensor just a few inches from the
lamp will provide suitable conditions. Adjusting the sen-
sor so that it looks at the reflected light and not directly
at the bulb provides useful data, since the condition and
efficiency of the reflector can account for a significant
proportion of the UV available for curing, (and is directly
proportional to the direct output of the bulb anyway).
Alternatively, the compact sensor can be installed in the
process chamber where it observes the lamp or reflected light.
Recall that with online monitoring we are more concerned
with relative, minute-to-minute changes in measured UV
rather than in the value of the absolute reading itself. This
premise allows greater latitude in locating sensors.
Data Handling and Integration
Assuming you have chosen the right sensor and properly
positioned it to monitor your lamps, the only remaining
question is what to do with the sensor output. The sensor
provides an analog signal, which varies proportionally
with the incident UV light. Sensors can be connected
directly to a self-contained, pre-engineered interface
which provides a real-time read out, alarms and other
features, or connected to a standard DIN rail signal pro-
cessing module that converts the signals into a standard
0-10 volt signal that can be utilized by
industrial PC or PLC control systems.
The simplest UV intensity display mod-
ule provides a straightforward display of
a single lamps status. The module pro-
vides the capability of setting a reference
point, typically the 100% output level of
a new lamp. The digital readout shown
on the panel mounted unit can then pro-
vide a continuous percent-of-power
reading that compares the current con-
ditions to the UV conditions when the
bulb was new and reflectors clean. A
user-settable low-threshold limit can
also be programmed into the module,
which will provide both a visual warn-
ing light (your dashboard oil light!) and
activate a relay closure so that additional
actions can be triggered when the lamp
is not operating within the process win-
dow. These simple pre-assembled panel
mount modules are easily integrated
into any existing system and engineered
to be easily installed in the system elec-
trical enclosure.
A more sophisticated, 4-lamp ver-
sion of the panel mount display, dubbed
Multibrite
, allows simultaneous moni-

toring of four sensors. A user select-
able dial on the interface allows the
percentage of full power of any of the
four sensors to be displayed as well as
quick visual monitoring of the status
of all four lamps with audible and LED
alarms and relay closures. The Multibrite is fully assem-
bled and self contained, and is supplied in a standard 19
rack mount enclosure for easy installation.
For those plants that desire a more customized solu-
tion, the compact sensor and DIN rail transceiver are the
building blocks for a completely flexible architecture. The
module processes the compact sensor signal and provides
a corresponding 0-10 volt analog signal that can be fed
to an appropriate PLC or PC control system. Customized
screens including password protection, alarm thresholds,
data graphing, data export for statistical process control
and other features can be designed.
For more information see www.eit.com or www.uvrobotics.com.

In God we trust, all others bring data. -Dr. W. Edwards Deming
MAY 2010
|
MAY MAY MAY MAY AY MAY MAY A 20 20 20 20 20 220 010 10 10 10 10 10 0
|||||| W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W . P C . P C . P C . P C . P C . P C P I M A II M A I M A I M A I M A I M A G . C G . C G . C G . C G . C . C CC G . C C O M O M O M O M O M MM O 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 44

A
s sustainable requirements become more
prevalent in most construction projects,
coatings technologies have been forced
to evolve or go extinct. Because of their
widely adjustable attributes, polyure-
thane coatings can be formulated to provide the durabil-
ity, renewable content, and VOC requirements now speci-
fied by many of the Green Building guidelines. Regarding
durability, few coating solutions exist for protecting con-
crete in the built environment that have the long-term,
proven performance of those based on polyurethane tech-
nology. In addition, as VOC and indoor air pollutant limits
have shrunk, polyurethane coatings have continued to
excel by meeting new regulations through increased
durability and faster return-to-service times.
Introduction
Many solutions have been discussed regarding macro
components of the built environment such as concrete,
metal, wood and lighting. However, there are many intel-
ligent ways that minor components such as coatings can
greatly impact the overall sustainability of a structure
by improving the indoor air quality, lighting efficiency,
renewable content, graffiti resistance or long-term dura-
bility of major design components.
Waterborne coatings products and plant-derived reac-
tive polymer resins have gained in popularity due to
increased environmental awareness and the polymer
industrys efforts to quantify the carbon footprint of
many ubiquitous industrial, building and construction
products. Early waterborne-based polyurethane coatings
required the end user to compromise on physical proper-
ties as compared to solventborne technologies. In the past,
many natural oil-based resins or additives often referred
to as Natural Oil Polyols, (NOPs), were used to supplant
their petroleum counterparts but often compromised at
least some of the desirable traits needed for the final end-
use application. With a focus on Sustainability and Green
Building practices, many U.S.-based coatings formulators,
end users and building owners are requesting products
with low VOC or 100% solids, as well as a significant
renewable content.
Natural Oil Polyol Coatings
Currently, NOPs are commercially available in the United
States from several sources and in several different forms.
These polyols have been formulated into products requir-
ing minimal structural or tensile properties but can
help the bulk finished polymer satisfy other require-
ments such as rigidity, flexibility or insulative needs. For
example, soy-based polyols can be used for polyurethane
foam production and have suitable properties for foamed
applications.
1-3
However, their properties havent proven
to provide the necessary physical properties needed for
high-performance coatings. Castor oil has been looked at
both in its unmodified state and as a chemically modified
derivative in the coatings and adhesives markets. Many of
these products are derived from castor beans grown in the
top producing countries such as India, China and Brazil
due to the current limited United States demand for locally
grown and sourced resins (Table 1).
4
With consistent and
By Steven Reinstadtler, Market Development and Green Building Manager | Bayer MaterialScience LLC, Pittsburgh, PA
Intelligent Concrete Coating Solutions for
Sustainable
Construction
TABLE 1 | Top 10 castor oil seed producers June 2008.
Country Production (in Tons) Footnote
India 830,000 *
China 210,000 *
Brazil 91,510
Ethiopia 15,000 F
Paraguay 12,000 F
Thailand 11,052
Vietnam 5000 *
South Africa 4900 F
Philippines 4500 F
Angola 3500 F
World 1,209,756 A
No symbol = official figure, F = FAO estimate, * = Unofficial/Semi-official/
mirror data, A = Aggregate (may include official, semi-official, or estimates)
35 PAI PAI PAI PAI PAI PAI PAI PAI A PAI A NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT & C & C & C & C & C & C & C & C & C CCOAT OAT OAT OAT OAT OAT OAT OAT OAT OO I NG NNG I NG I NG I NG I NG I NG I NG I NGGGS I S I S I S I S I S I S I S I NDU NDU NDU NDU NDU NDU NDU NDU D NDU NDU NN S TR S TR S TR S TR S TR S TR TR S TRR TR T S TRYYYYYYYYYY
35 35 35 35 35 355 35555
repeatable supply, modified castor oil-based coatings have
been successfully developed into formulas that address
both on-site and end-use challenges while providing the
market with highly-renewable content products.
Two-Component Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings
For decades, solventborne polyurethane coatings have
been considered the mainstay for high-performance coat-
ings used in architectural, industrial maintenance, corro-
sion and construction applications due to their excellent
mechanical and weathering properties. But increased
governmental, regulatory and sustainability pressures
have created a need for coatings technology that would
reduce or eliminate VOC, HAPS, heavy metals and/or
other environmentally detrimental compounds. In the
past decade, the first generation of waterborne polyure-
thane coatings was formulated and introduced to the
market. While offering the chance to replace some of the
VOC and solvents with water, many of these coatings still
had in excess of 250 g/L of co-solvent. In addition, these
coatings often fell significantly short of the solventborne
polyurethane standard in chemical, abrasion and UV
resistance. This limited their use in many applications.
As with most emerging technologies, the learning curve
was steep and the second generation of waterborne poly-
urethane coatings was developed with the goal of meeting
or exceeding the desired traits of the solventborne poly-
urethane coatings but with significant reductions in VOC
and solvent levels. These second-generation waterborne
polyurethane coatings have achieved the property goals
and are truly waterborne having 0-20 g/L VOC levels.
Natural Oil Polyol Coatings
Experimental
To obtain desirable coatings properties, several castor oil-
based resins were formulated. All three of these NOP prod-
ucts are created by hydroxyl modification of castor oil.
Castor oil has linolic, oleic and linoleic functional groups
that can be further modified to form functionally active
reactive sites. Functionality is adjusted to a desired point
above 2.0 for optimized polymerization with minimal
chain termination when reacted with a polyisocyanate.
The long (16+) carbon chains of the modified castor oil
give the polymer its unique strong hydrophobic nature.
This hydrophobic trait helps the product to resist atmo-
spheric moisture during the on-site application process
as well as after the polymer has fully cured into the final
end-use protective coating.
A range of NOP polyol resins were created to aid in the
formulation of several different types of coatings used
in the built environment. One was created to maximize
renewable content while several others gave the formula-
tor the ability to obtain a range of durometers and vis-
cosities. Table 2 summarizes the bulk properties of three
modified castor oil resins that can be used to formulate
high-performance coatings described later in this paper.
These resins were then formulated into guide formulas
for flooring and architectural coatings technology with
the target of acquiring the following attributes:
100% solids formulas with near zero VOC, HAPS or
exempt solvents;
no added phthalates, heavy metals or formaldehyde;
finished coating to contain >35% by weight of renew-
able content as formulated; and
durability comparable to competitive petroleum-based
resin systems.
To formulate the coatings, additional components such
as flow aids, deaerators, fillers and pigments are typically
employed to maximize the desired traits for application and
end use. Therefore, guide formulas are typically developed
that include both the resins as well as these other needed
components (Table 3). The end-use application considered
within the scope of this research was self-leveling floor
coatings so guide formulas were developed to target those
properties. The resin or polyol blends were prepared in step-
wise fashion to effectively disperse the needed additives and
TABLE 2 | Natural oil polyol attributes.
Properties Units
Desmophen
1145
Desmophen
1150
Desmophen
1155
Type
Branched
polyalcohol
with ether
and ester
groups
Polyalcohol
with ether
and ester
groups
Branched
polyalcohol
with ether
and ester
groups
Renewable
content
% 55 70 55
Equivalent weight 239 340 340
Hydroxyl number mg KOH/g 165
Viscosity at 23 C cps 2950 250 3500 500 425 75
Density at 20 C g/ml 1.01 1.01 0.99
Water content % 0.2 0.2 0.2
Use and attributes
Harder
resin,
slightly
hydrophilic,
used as
modifier
Workhorse,
general
purpose
resin,
hydrophobic
nature
Softer resin,
slightly
hydrophilic,
used as
modifier
TABLE 3 | NOP guide formulas.
Component 1 Percent by Weight
Bayer NOP
Formula 1
Bayer NOP
Formula 2
Bayer NOP
Formula 3
Desmophen 1150 38.1 26.4 26.4
Desmophen 1145 - 8.9 8.9
Molecular sieves 7.6 7.2 7.2
Barytes 32.0 - -
TiO
2
3.7 1.7 1.7
Pigment composition 1.2 - -
Deaeration agent 0.4 0.45 0.45
Dispersing agent - 0.45 0.45
Defoaming agent - 0.45 0.45
Quartz filler - 31.8 31.8
Talc - 4.0 4.0
Fumed silica - 0.30 0.30
Component 2
Desmodur VL 17.0 18.01 -
Desmodur VL 50 - - 18.01
Intelligent Concrete Coating Solutions for Sustainable Construction
MAY 2010
|

pigments into the blend. Vacuum dissolvers have proved
ideal as they prevent the incorporation of air.
Sample coating draw downs were prepared using com-
binations of the Desmophen
NOP polyols, additional

additives and a hardener. In this case, the hardeners
chosen were Desmodur
VL or VL 50 reactivity-modified
MDI isocyanates. The crosslinking NCO/OH ratio was set
at 1.10 for all films and the mixing ratio of the resin blend
with the isocyanate was approximately 10:2.1 (resin
blend:hardener). The working time or potlife for all of the
blends was approximately 30 minutes at 23 C.
The films were made at a thickness of 1.5 mm and
allowed to cure for a minimum of 7 days before test-
ing. It was noted that the films did not exhibit the
customary reaction with ambient humidity often seen
when curing MDI isocyanate-based coatings in humid
environments that can cause defects such as bubbles,
blisters or fish eyes. The isocyanate groups can react
with dissolved or absorbed water to form urea. This pro-
cess liberates CO
2
gas bubbles, which can be caught in
the film and cause diminished physical properties and
aesthetics. After ambient curing, the test samples were
subjected to physical property testing.
Discussion
The testing results on several guide coating formulas
yielded acceptable results for a self leveling floor coat-
ing type product (Table 4). These results suggest the
applicability of these coatings in a wide variety of floor
refurbishment uses including the reuse of badly spalled
or worn concrete. Current Green Building practices
prefer the reuse of former industrial and heavy use built
environments into new commercial or retail uses. By
eliminating the need to remove and replace damaged
concrete due to the aesthetically unappealing surface,
energy and materials can be saved. A self-leveling floor
coating, especially one based on a high renewable con-
tent, offers designers and specifiers an alternative to
concrete replacement when evaluating a building for
floor remediation and eventual renovation.
An additional trait noted when working with these
types of NOP resins is the reduced effects of atmospheric
moisture in the form of humidity on the application,
speed and cure characteristics of the technology in the
field. Contractors and coatings applicators often apply
f loor coatings when relative humidity levels are fairly
high, resulting in bubbles or blisters in the film. These
defects are caused in part by the reaction of the water in
the air with components of the liquid coating. Since the
NOP resins are very hydrophobic, they limit the effects
of atmospheric moisture on the quality of the final coat-
ing. This makes the products easier to use in a variety of
field application conditions.
All three formulas that were tested satisfied the tar-
get requirements: near zero VOC, a renewable content
over 35% and the lack of added heavy metal catalysts
or phthalates.
Two-Component Waterborne
Polyurethane Coatings
Experimental
Several waterborne resins were considered within the
scope of this paper for use in the construction environ-
ment due to their desirable physical traits (Table 5). These
traits include:
near zero VOC formulas with excellent abrasion, chemi-
cal, and weathering resistance;
no odor when applied in the field with other trades or
building occupants present;
adjustable gloss levels from high gloss to matte; and
ability to be used as an acceptable topcoat for self-
leveling high renewable content floor coatings.
Similar to the development and testing for the self-lev-
eling NOP-based coating, these criteria will be the targets
for the research.
Guide formulas were prepared using two Bayer water-
borne resins along with the necessary additives (Table 6).
The gloss levels were varied via the resins employed in
the formula rather than the use of flattening aids. Bayhy-
dur
XP 2547, a hydrophilic HDI trimer, was used as the

hardener with a NCO:OH ratio of 3:1. This over-indexing
can be accomplished with aliphatic isocyanates without
detrimental bubble formation.
5
The guide formula coat-
ings were applied at approximately 4-6 wet mils with a
dry mil thickness of approximately 2-3 mils per coat. Dry
TABLE 5 | Waterborne resin attributes.
Properties Units Bayhydrol A 2542 Bayhydrol A 2546
Hydroxy functional
polyacrylic dispersion
Hydroxy functional
polyacrylic dispersion
Solids content % 50 41
Equivalent weight 630 1000
pH 7.5 7.5
Viscosity at 23 C cps 2000 120
Weight/gal @ 25 C lbs 9.5 9.2
Use and attributes High gloss resin Matte resin
TABLE 4 | NOP guide formula physical properties.
Test Units
Bayer NOP
Formula 1
Bayer NOP
Formula 2
Bayer NOP
Formula 3
Tensile Strength
DIN EN ISO 527
MPa 13 15 11
Elongation at Break
DIN EN ISO 527
% 70 40 83
Tear Propagation Resistance
DIN EN ISO 34-1
N/mm 50 41 63
Shore Hardness D D 65 70 51
TABLE 6 | 2K waterborne guide formulas.
Component 1 Percent by Weight
Bayer Gloss Formula Bayer Matte Formula
Bayhydrol A 2542 45.75 15.26
Bayhydrol A 2546 - 35.60
Deaerating additive 0.31 0.32
Defoaming agent 0.12 0.14
Flow and leveling additive 0.49 -
Rheology additive - 2.28
Water 14.2 9.61
Component 2
Bayhydur XP 2547 39.1 36.79
For more information,
please contact your local
Evonik Degussa Account Manager.
Evonik Degussa Corporation
Interpace Parkway
P. O. Box
Parsippany, NJ -
+1 973 541-8923
www.evonik.com/chroma-chem
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MAY 2010
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times for the coatings ranged from 2 hours for the matte
formulas to approximately 6 hours for the gloss formula.
The trend was noted that as the formulas were made to
be less glossy, i.e., as more Bayhydrol A 2546 was used in
the formula, the dry time was reduced. The Bayhydrol A
2546 resin is a faster curing resin when compared to the
Bayhydrol A 2542 resin.
Discussion
Based on the excellent abrasion, chemical and weather-
ing resistance data that was observed, several areas of
coatings use in the built environment were targeted for
further testing. These include aliphatic light and weather
stable topcoats for industrial, commercial and decorative
flooring as well as graffiti-resistant wall coatings.
Over the past few years, an increasing trend has been
to promote greener technologies in the interior construc-
tion of buildings. The primary focus has been on the
release of toxic substances that may build up in the air
due to the enclosed space. Indoor environmental air qual-
ity guidelines have been written into many third-party
certifications such as Green Seal, GreenGuard and others.
For example, Green Seal GS-11 cites limits and exclusions
of certain compounds such as formaldehyde and VOCs for
use on the interior surfaces of building being considered
for LEED certification.
6
Proof of these trends comes in
three major areas stricter Federal VOC regulations via
the National AIM Rule, increased communication and
awareness of environmental issues impacting consum-
ers, and increased sensitivity to solvent odor by building
occupants and tradesmen. Changes made by California
to its VOC regulations are expected to be adopted by
other states. Parts of California instituted a 50 g/L limit
for residential flooring applications and 100 g/L limit
for commercial applications in 2006. These limitations
severely restrict the coating systems that can be used in
the flooring market.
For floor coatings used as a topcoat, there are several
desirable physical properties that are required in order to
have an aesthetically pleasing and durable finish. Abra-
sion resistance is a key parameter when considering the
durability. Chemical resistance also plays into the durabil-
ity equation since many industrial flooring applications
can be exposed to common chemicals such as gasoline,
brake fluid, solvents, acids and bases, and staining agents.
Another desired property for topcoats is the ability to
apply the flooring system without offensive odors that
can disrupt production or other activities in the adjacent
areas. The testing results demonstrated that the 2K water-
borne coating guide formulas fulfilled the desired physical
properties and traits while greatly reducing the VOC,
HAPS and solvent levels (Table 7). In particular, both the
gloss and matte guide formulas had very low abrasion and
odor while exhibiting excellent resistance to many ubiqui-
tous industrial and commercial chemicals.
Another application area for these types of 2K water-
borne coatings is graffiti-resistant coatings. This class
of coatings is under the same scrutiny and tight regula-
tions for VOC as floor coatings. In addition to the drivers
outlined previously for flooring topcoats, there is often an
additional requirement for graffiti-resistant coatings the
ability to adjust the gloss level while retaining the excel-
lent chemical resistance that is needed for the coating. The
external concrete and steel on a building is looked at as
an integral design element by the architect. The architect
envisions a certain look to the building and does not want
to change that look by the addition of a protective coating.
Therefore, there has been resistance to the use of other
graffiti resistant coatings on the exterior of buildings that
change the look or gloss level of the coated area. Typically,
the undesirable trait is the noticeably higher gloss on the
exposed architectural concrete. In the case of the Bayer
Matte Formula defined in Table 6, a very low-gloss, matte
finish was achieved by utilizing a Bayhydrol A 2546 resin
instead of solvents and flattening additives.
7
This allows
the coating to retain the excellent graffiti resistance with
minimal to no effect on the aesthetics of the concrete. This
is achieved while working with a coating with less than
15 g/L of VOC.
The ability to dial in the gloss level was further investi-
gated and it was found that by varying the ratio of the two
Bayhydrol waterborne resins, many gloss levels could be
achieved (Figure 1). The trend line shows that 60 gloss
levels from approximately 90 down to nearly 5 are achiev-
able and predictable at all levels in between. This ability
to vary gloss levels has utility in the flooring industry as
well, since a slightly lower gloss topcoat can favorably hide
imperfections in the underlying flooring substrate.
TABLE 7 | 2K waterborne guide formula physical properties.
Test Units
Bayer Gloss
Formula
Bayer Matte
Formula
60 Gloss 90 < 10
VOC g/L 8 15
Taber Abrasion CS-17 wheel
1000 cycles
mg loss 33 35
Odor level Very low Very low
Chemical resistance* Very good Very good
Hardness, Pendulum sec. 184 162
*Chemicals tested by a spot test included 10% acetic acid, 10% sulfuric acid,
10% hydrochloric acid, 14% ammonium hydroxide, 50% sodium hydroxide,
isopropanol, methyl ethyl ketone, DI water, Betadine, 10% bleach and gasoline.
Skydrol and brake fluid were tested by immersion.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Percent Bayhydrol XP 2546
Replacing Bahydrol XP 2542 in Guide Formulation
G
l
o
s
s
Gloss 60
FIGURE 1 | Effect of Bayhydrol A 2546 on gloss level.
Conclusions
Polyurethane coating solutions have
demonstrated long-term performance in
a variety of building needs. The uses for
these types of products have grown as sus-
tainable guidelines tighten and exclude
technologies that cannot adapt. As VOC
and durability becomes a larger part of
the Green Building initiative, high-perfor-
mance coating solutions are being speci-
fied as an integral intelligent component
of overall sustainable building designs.
Acknowledgements
The author extends his appreciation to various indi-
viduals who were involved in the testing, data cre-
ation, and general consultation during the research
and summary of these unique technologies: Terry
Wayt, Kathy Allen, Pete Schmitt, Karl Heinz-Wuehrer.
References
1
Hager, S.; Reese, J.; McVey, S.; Moore, M.;
Skorpenske, R. Production and Evalua-
tion of New Natural Oil Derived Polyols for
Flexible Slabstock Foam, presented at CPI
Polyurethanes 2008.
2
Schilling, S.; Wardius, D.; Lorenz, K. Novel
Natural-Oil Polyols and Their Use in Rigid
Polyurethane Foams, presented at the CPI
Polyurethanes 2007.
3
Sounik, D. Novel Natural-Oil Based Rigid
Foams For Demanding Applications: A
Class I Polyisocyanurate Foam For Insu-
lated Metal Building Panels, presented at
CPI Polyurethanes 2008.
4
Top Ten Castor Oil Seed Producers June
11, 2008, Food and Agricultural Organi-
zation of United Nations: Economic and
Social Department: Statistical Division.
5
Wuehrer, K. H.; Allen, K. Chemical Resis-
tant Waterborne Polyurethane Topcoats
for Flooring. Journal of Protective Coatings &
Linings 2007 24(2), 58-66.
6
Green Seal GS-11 Environmental Standard
for Paints and Coatings.
7
Allen, K.; Schmitt, P. Greener Gambits in
the Antigraffiti Game. Journal of Architec-
tural Coatings 2009, 5, 38-47.
This paper was presented at Polyurethanes 2009 Tech-
nical Conference in Fort Washington, MD, on behalf of
the Center for the Polyurethanes Industry (CPI).
39
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|

W
hen the ancient Egyptians came
to decorate the works of art that
they buried with their Pharaohs,
they used a blue pigment of such
brilliance that it would enhance
the quality and value of any object. The pigment was
derived from the semi-precious mineral, Lapis Lazuli, and
it continued to be used for many centuries.
The quality of the blue produced by this method was
never in question. But the scarce availability and difficulty
of extracting the pigment meant that the cost was high
and that the pigment could only be used in the most pres-
tigious applications. It was clear that a rich prize awaited
anyone who could devise a synthetic route to manufacture
this pigment, which is now known as Ultramarine Blue.
Discovery of the Synthetic Process
The process for the synthetic manufacture of Ultramarine
was discovered in 1828 by a French scientist, Guimet.
Soon there were factories springing up all over Europe, as
the more affordable synthetic pigment stimulated the use
of Ultramarine in many applications. Of particular note
was the discovery that a small amount of Ultramarine
would, if added to the rinse water during the laundering
process, absorb the unwanted yellow undertone, which
became apparent as white clothing aged. This unwanted
yellow caste was replaced by a blue undertone that sug-
gested extra brightness and cleanliness. In fact it was for
this purpose in 1884 that James Reckitt built an Ultra-
marine factory in Hull to extend his range of existing
laundry products. This factory was still producing Ultra-
marine under the name of Holliday Pigments Limited up
until 2007, and today from its Comines factory in North
France remains one of the worlds leading manufactur-
ers and distributors of Ultramarine Blue.
Modern Applications
While Ultramarine continued to be used both in artists
colours and laundry products, it was the birth of the plas-
tics industry, which stimulated the development of the
Ultramarine pigment that we know today. Ultramarine
had been perfect for use in artists colours due to its unique
shade with unrivalled brightness and its excellent light-
fastness. It was non-toxic and non-irritant, perfect for an
application like laundry with its inevitable skin contact.
But add to these virtues its excellent heat stability, an
obvious advantage in a high-temperature applica-
tion such as plastics, and it is no wonder that
Ultramarine soon became regarded
as an indispensable plastics
colourant.
But how does
Ultramari ne
come to pos-
sess such a
combi nat i on
of admirable
properties? The
answer is in its produc-
tion process which is itself a fascinating story.
The chromophore responsible for the blue colour in
Ultramarine is based on sulphur and has the formula S
3
-
. It
is strange to think of a yellow element like sulphur giving
a blue colour, but in this particular form it does. However
the discovery of the chromophore was only one step in the
development of a synthetic process to manufacture Ultra-
marine. The problem is that the chromophore is unstable
and is readily oxidized to non-pigmentary sulphate. It
needs to be protected from these chemical reactions, and
this is achieved by stabilizing the chromophore within the
protective cage structure of a clay (kaolin) lattice.
The production process involves heating a mixture of
sulphur, clay and sodium carbonate to a temperature
of almost 800
o
C in a kiln, excluding air to prevent
premature oxidation of the sulphur before the reac-
tion temperature is reached. After sufficient residence
time at this peak temperature to form the initial chro-
mophore, the mixture is allowed to cool before air is
slowly allowed into the kiln to complete the reaction
with an oxidation stage. This high-temperature process
takes more than two weeks to complete.
By Dave Masterman, Technical Support Manager | Holliday Pigments, SA France
Ultramarine the
0
50
100
150
200
0 2 4 6
Particle Size (Microns)
Stronger
Brighter
Greener
Technical
Applications
Non-technical
Applications
FIGURE 1 | Ultramarine pigment typical particle sizes.
41
With this knowledge of the production process we can
already see the reason for some of the desirable qualities of
Ultramarine. The chromophore is very unusual, leading
to a unique shade that cannot be matched by other pig-
ments. Being transparent, Ultramarine adds an attractive
blue undertone to transparent polymers as well as neu-
tralizing unwanted yellowness in opaque white plastics.
The high-temperature manufacturing process provides
the Ultramarine pigment with an inbuilt stability to heat.
In fact, Ultramarine blue pigments are stable to more than
350
o
C, high enough for use in all common plastics. Finally
the raw materials are all quite benign no heavy metals
are used in the production of Ultramarine and organic
compounds would not survive the high manufactur-
ing temperature. Ultramarine is one of the
safest known pigments by virtue of
its raw materials and pro-
duction process.
This high-temperature process produces the raw
Ultramarine, but the process is far from complete. After
this dry process it is necessary to refine the raw Ultra-
marine, a process that starts by slurrying the raw
Ultramarine with water. This second stage is commonly
called the wet process. In this stage the impurities
present within the raw Ultramarine are removed. The
most important of these is unreacted sulphur, which
would otherwise give rise to an odour when used in high
temperature applications like plastics. Soluble material,
primarily sodium sulphate, is also removed.
Finally the pure Ultramarine pigment is ground to its
final particle size then separated from the water. The
grinding process leaves a broad spread of particle sizes
with a range from less than 1 up to 3 microns. By a pro-
cess known as classification, these particles are sepa-
rated into a number of discrete fractions. Each fraction
is dried to produce a fine powder. Why is a fine particle
size so important? The properties of an Ultramarine
pigment depend primarily on its particle size. Finer par-
ticles are stronger in tinting power, they are brighter
and also greener in undertone than the coarser par-
ticles produced at the same time. Ultramarines intended
for technical applications range from less than 1 to 3
microns, Ultramarines coarser than this are normally
confined to low-quality applications such as laundry
powders (Figure 1). The correct product can be selected
from the particle size range available based on tint
strength, undertone and brightness.
Once again knowledge of the Ultramarine manufac-
turing process provides another indication of the final
property of the Ultramarine. Pigment particles of 1 to
3 microns are relatively large and as one might expect,
Ultramarine disperses very easily.
Benefits of Ultramarine
Ultramarine has the following advantages:
a unique shade of unrivalled brilliance;
excellent lightfastness and heat stability;
is safe in use and is approved worldwide for use in food-
contact plastics and toys; and
improves the undertone of off-white articles.
In addition, Ultramarine has no adverse effect on the
dimensional stability of polyolefins, which is important
in large or complex polyolefin mouldings. This is because
Ultramarine is an inorganic pigment. Organic pigments
often have an adverse affect on the dimensional stability
of polyolefin mouldings.
Ultramarine has many positive attributes that make
it ideal for most plastics applications, but there are some
potential problems to be aware of. In its standard form,
Ultramarine is sensitive to acids. Even mild acids will
attack the chromophore and destroy the colour. How-
ever, Holliday Pigments has developed acid-resisting
grades for such applications. In these grades the pigment
particles are protected by a coating. By selection of the
correct grade, Ultramarine can still be used in polymers
that may have acidic degradation products, such as PVC,
or in containers for acidic products like fruit juice. Acid-
resisting grades are also recommended for outdoor appli-
cations that may be exposed to the effects of acid rain.
Ultramarine has been the blue pigment of choice for
thousands of years. Despite more choice in the blue area of
the spectrum the properties that made Ultramarine popu-
lar so long ago are still valued just as much today. And
probably thousands of years in the future our descendants
will still be marvelling at the brilliant colour of Ultrama-
rine, the eternal pigment.
For more information, visit www.holliday-pigments.com.

Eternal Pigment
MAY 2010
|

M
ost of us grab the sunscreen before
heading out to the pool or work-
ing in the yard. Weve all heard of
it. UV radiation creates free radi-
cals, which cause damage in living
systems. If you are a living system, this is generally not
regarded as a good thing. In the world of UV-curable
coatings, however, the generation of free radicals and the
subsequent breaking and remaking of bonds is not only
desirable, but necessary. Historically that task has been
accomplished by the use of synthetic materials, most of
them originating from fossil fuels. The most commonly
used materials are acrylates and methacrylates.
Some acrylates and methacrylates may be derived
in some part from bio-based materials. Such materials
derived from soy have been around for over 20 years. Ecol-
ogy incorporates such materials wherever possible. These
materials, however, have not been the major thrust of our
bio-based research.
In the 1990s, a great deal of attention was paid to the
possible irradiation of foodstuffs for safety. As a result,
a flurry of papers was released describing the effects
of radiation, mostly gamma, on various foodstuffs. We
began to wonder if some foodstuffs, especially those show-
ing polymerization
wi t h i oni z i ng
radiation or even
thermal energy,
might be coaxed
to polymerize with
the application of
UV radiation as
wel l. It i s i ndeed
the case that such
pol y me r i z at i on
takes place.
Discovery
We have identified
mixtures of pro-
teins, (which have
been designated
EQ-6000), available as foodstuffs, that may be incorpo-
rated into coatings in several ways. One use for EQ-6000
is as a self-photoinitiating film former. Natural proteins
tend to be tightly curled. In order to make them more
active groups available for crosslinking, it is necessary to
relax or denature the protein structure. This can be done
with the use of a mild acid. Such acids can also be derived
from foodstuffs. The denatured EQ-6000 may be dispersed
in a water carrier. A bio-derived emulsifier may be added
as well. Such a coating has been demonstrated to cure at
400 feet per minute with 600-Watt UV lamps. The coating
has shown barrier properties to air and solvents.
Other Applications
Similar coatings may be further modified with other
foodstuff-type materials to resist water or grease. These
coatings are potentially edible. Flavorings have been
added as well and cured into the resulting coating. These
GRAS coatings may be and have been made of compo-
nents considered as food rather than additives and thus
have potential for food contact without the monitoring
of extractables. This could be a great boon for label and
package converters who dont have the resources to
determine extractables.
A second use
for EQ-6000 is as
a photoinitiator
with conventional
UV-curable mate-
rials. This is par-
ticularly notable
for materials cov-
ered under FCN
772, which can
be used for food
c o nt a c t u nd e r
prescribed condi-
tions. Two mono-
me r s c o v e r e d
under FCN 772
are TMPTA and
TMPEOTA. Both
By Sally Ramsey, Vice President, New Product Development | Ecology Coatings, Akron, OH
Bio-Based Materials
Matted and unmatted coating on wood.s
43
of these monomers may be cured by using EQ-6000
as a photoinitiator or co-initiator. In this case, curing
proceeds better without a denaturing agent. An amino
acid found to be an active element in this mix may be
used to boost curing as well.
A third use for EQ-6000 is the extension of cover-
age by conventional pigments. Pigmentation of UV-
curable coatings presents difficulties. Some pigments
absorb the very frequencies of light, which are needed
to cure the coating. There are established ways of han-
dling this problem. One is by the use of doped lamps,
which deliver frequencies that are not absorbed by
the pigments. Another is to use photoinitiators that
absorb in different frequency ranges. These methods
may also be combined. EQ-6000 adds another weapon
to this arsenal. Suspended in powder form it can
increase coverage. Since it also is self-curing and acts
as a photoinitiator, rather than interfering with the
curing process it actually promotes it.
The final use highlighted in this discussion is that of
EQ-6000 as a matting agent. When used in powdered
form, there are multiple advantages to be seen. The first
is that, as in the use with pigments, it enhances rather
than interferes with UV cure. Since it does actually cure
into the finished film, it does not migrate. In many sys-
tems, it does not appear to substantially raise viscosity.
It may also be combined with other bio-based additives
to provide a rough surface that produces a release sur-
face. This is unusual, as most release surfaces, such as
silicones or f luorinated hydrocarbons, are smooth. By
the manipulation of the additives the roughened sur-
face may also resist water or grease.
Value
The big question in the case of a new technology such
as this always is: What is the value proposition? The
material in EQ-6000 is available as a commodity in
bulk quantities from both China and South America.
Raw materials for analogs are available in bulk as
commodities as well. Since none of these materials are
petroleum based, the prices do not f luctuate with oil. In
addition, since acrylates are not involved, the current
supply problem and price squeeze for acrylic acid has no
impact. As a film former, coatings are substantially less
expensive than those from conventional UV-curable
materials; EQ-6000 is less expensive than many pig-
ments and some matting agents. The familiar cry of, Id
love to go green but I just cant afford it, could not be
justified for EQ-6000.
Ecology Coatings does not consider EQ-6000 the end-
point of our research in this area. Rather it is an encour-
aging start to a whole new family of safer and more sus-
tainable products. We look forward to both the products
and new applications in a greener world.
For more information, visit www.ecologycoatings.com.

for UV-Cured Coatings
Bio-based film with marker.
Bio-based film with marker backside.
MAY 2010
|

By Kevin Summ | Anguil Environmental Systems, Milwaukee, WI; and Steve Newell | Spooner Industries Ltd., West Yorkshire, UK
What Carbon
One of Europes Largest Steel
I
n case you havent heard, our planet is getting
warmer. At what rate it is occurring or how
much human activity has to do with the increas-
ing temperatures is a heated debate, pardon the
pun. One thing we do know for surecarbon
dioxide (CO
2
) is a contributing factor in global warming,
and humans are responsible for a large portion of these
emissions. If you had asked someone five years ago what
their carbon footprint was, most people would have likely
responded by looking towards their feet, thinking they
stepped in something. That same person would probably
laugh uncontrollably if you had told them that Al Gore,
former Vice President of the United States and once Presi-
dential hopeful, would star in a 2006 movie that brought
climate change to the forefront by drawing millions of
viewers from all over the world.
Carbon Footprints
Indeed, things are much different today than they were
five years ago; individuals and businesses alike are trying
to reduce their environmental impact and GHG (Green
House Gas) emissions. What the average person does not
realize is that they have two types of footprints, a primary
and secondary. The primary footprint is a measure of our
direct CO
2
emissions from the burning of fossil fuels includ-
ing domestic energy consumption and transportation, e.g.,
car and plane. The secondary footprint is a measure of
indirect CO
2
emissions from the whole lifecycle of products
we use, those associated with their manufacturing and
eventual breakdown. To put it simply the more we buy,
the more emissions will be caused on our behalf.
Reducing the Secondary Footprint
Thankfully companies like Corus, a subsidiary of Tata
Steel, are doing their part to reduce the worlds secondary
footprint by improving the energy efficiency of their man-
ufacturing processes. Corus is Europes second largest
steel producer and comprises three operating divisions:
Strip Products, Long Products, and Distribution & Build-
ing Systems. Corus Colors, as part of the Strip Products
Division, is an international business manufacturing pre-
finished steel for the building envelope, domestic appli-
ances and manufactured goods markets.
Corus Colors Shotton Works, located at Deeside, North
Wales, produces organic paint-coated prefinished steel
principally for cladding, composite walling and roofing
applications within the building and construction sector
both in the UK and overseas.
There are two manufacturing processes at Shotton
Works for coating steel strip with paint. They use a series
of driven roller coaters and industrial curing ovens,
controlled within a continuous process line, that are
capable of applying protective and decorative high-quality
finishes to the galvanized flat steel strip substrate. The
number-one Colorcoat Line process is capable of coating
strip widths up to 1400 mm with a thickness up to 1.6
mm, giving a weekly throughput capability of up to 4000
tonnes subject to product type and dimensions.
Manufacturing Process
This manufacturing process requires large amounts of
natural gas to ensure proper application and fast curing
time in the ovens, which, in turn generates a substantial
amount of CO
2
and NO
X
(Nitrous Oxides). In addition
to these emissions, the solvent-based coatings release
HAPs and VOCs during the drying process that need to be
treated by an air pollution control device such as an oxi-
dizer. New oxidizer systems are capable of destroying over
99% of the HAPs and VOCs through the process of high
temperature destruction with very little fuel consump-
tion. However older technologies can be a source of CO
2

and NO
X
as well as the requirement for high maintenance
and large operating expenditures.
Pollution Control
Pollution control initiatives are nothing new to Corus.
The company has been monitoring and controlling
its oven emissions at the Shotton Works, North Wales
facility, since the 1970s. Their first oxidizer/incinerator
was installed on the paint coating processes for abating
45
exhaust gases and solvents. Even then, the company
was thinking green by utilizing waste heat from these
older oxidizers/incinerators to pre-heat the ovens and
to supply their manufacturing facility with additional
process steam. However, as environmental regulations
tightened, energy prices increased and new technolo-
gies emerged, the company decided to re-evaluate their
entire system as part of their manufacturing efficiency
improvements as well as the wider Corporate Responsi-
bility Program for energy usage reduction. The objective
was to reduce the gas consumption by at least 45% and
increase processing speeds on certain products. They
quickly realized another benefit to their sustainable
energy plansa much smaller carbon footprint.
Sustainable Energy Solution
Looking for a sustainable energy solution, they turned
to Spooner Industries in the United Kingdom, who has
worked closely with Corus on a number of projects over
the past 30 years. Oven technology and safety regula-
tions had changed dramatically since the line was first
installed, but Spooner was able to successfully complete
several upgrades that brought the system up to current
standards and increase its flexibility.
Each zone was retrofitted with a special low-NO
X
burner
to reduce emissions.
Variable-frequency drives or inverters on every oven
fan were incorporated into the control system to make
each section more efficient and reduce electrical con-
sumption.
The ductwork was changed to bring hot air into the
system quickly, reducing maintenance issues.
New thermocouples (temperature measurement), pres-
sure transmitters, pressure switches and flow measure-
ment systems were installed in the ovens to bring the
equipment up to todays technology standards, allow-
ing for remote monitoring and fine-tuning.
A new computer-controlled system was integrated with
the SCADA (System Control and Data Acquisition) pro-
gram. The proper PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)
allows the central Corus system to communicate with
the ovens so they can be setup for different production
runs, eliminating errors and decreasing setup time.
The oven alterations brought this production line from
the least efficient in the Corus group to the most, meeting
one of the two objectives for the company. While some
of these improvements reduced the companys environ-
mental footprint and gas consumption, the increased
throughput would further complicate their environmen-
tal responsibilities.
Two existing, inefficient oxidizers for the prime and fin-
ish ovens were being used to control VOC and HAP emis-
sions at the North Wales facility. To achieve proper destruc-
tion the systems required large amounts of natural gas,
which affected operating expenses and contributed to CO
2

and NO
X
emissions. Furthermore, breakdowns and mainte-
nance problems were not only costing the company money
to repair but also revenue in lost production. Because the
oven and oxidizer are so vital to each other, Corus wanted a
solution provider with experience and knowledge on both.
In addition, they were looking for a system with low operat-
ing costs and heat recovery capabilities that could achieve
99.5% DRE (Destruction Removal Efficiency), which was
well above their permit requirements.
Spooner-Anguil Partnership Offers Solutions
Spooner, having recently partnered with Anguil Envi-
ronmental Systems in the United States to fabricate and
install its oxidizer designs on applications throughout
Europe, was confident that it could be done. After consult-
ing with the engineers at both Spooner Industries and
Anguil Environmental Systems, Corus made the decision
to replace their multiple air pollution control systems with
one, RTO (Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer) from Spooner
Anguil. It would give them the desired efficiency and
single-source solution they were looking for. The system
has the following features and benefits.
The oxidizer is a three-chamber design that processes
83,000 NM
3
/hr (55,000 SCFM) of air, achieving
99%+ DRE without visible emissions and 85%+ heat
recovery for energy-efficient operation.
The RTO self-sustains at low solvent-loading condi-
tions, meaning that once the oxidizer is at operating
temperature and receiving process airflow it requires
no additional fuel for emission destruction, releasing
very little CO
2
and NO
X
.
Footprint?
Producers Asks
What Carbon Footprint? One of
Europes Largest Steel Producers Asks
MAY 2010
|

A secondary heat exchanger sends
waste heat directly back to the ovens,
reducing the amount of natural gas
required for product curing.
Stainless-steel components throughout
the system prevent corrosion and allow
for high-temperature process streams.
A hot-gas bypass on the RTO is used
during high loading situations to avoid
over heating the oxidizer.
An intelligent bake-out feature cleans
the RTO of condensable organics with-
out internal fires or safety concerns.
The control panel has a large opera-
tor screen with a built-in maintenance
manual and trouble-shooting guide,
which makes for ease of use.
Corus has made a significant invest-
ment for the new equipment, upgrades
and implementation of this energy
reduction project. It has dropped their
cost, per ton of steel produced, consider-
ably and they estimate the payback will
be less than one year.
The reduction in carbon emissions
and energy consumption from this facil-
ity is dramatic. Gas usage has dropped
by more than 60%, an average reduc-
tion of 522 m/hr (or 5742 kW) per
hour saving over 1million a year. At
181 grams of CO
2
produced per KWH
used, Corus is preventing 1 tonne of car-
bon from reaching our atmosphere each
hour, nearly 8,000 tonnes per year.
With innovation and continuous
improvement at the heart of its business,
the company is already planning for simi-
lar modifications at other Corus plants.
A spokesperson from Corus com-
mented, We are committed to minimiz-
ing the environmental impact of our
operations and our products through
the adoption of sustainable practices and
continuous improvement in environ-
mental performance.
For more information, contact Steve Newell of Spooner

Industries Ltd. at www.spooner.co.uk, +44 (0) 1943
609505; or Kevin Summ of Anguil Environmental Sys-
tems, Inc. and www.anguil.com, 800/488.0230.
Call us at:
USA: 704 588 9808
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Coating Thickness Gages for Non-Metal
Substrates
Non-destructively
measure single
or multiple layer
coatings on Wood,
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coatings on Wood,
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The Measure of Quality The Measure of Quality
Ogdensburg, New York USA Tel: 315-393-4450 Fax: 315-393-8471 Email: techsale@defelsko.com Ogdensburg, New York USA Tel: 315-393-4450 Fax: 315-393-8471 Email: techsale@defelsko.com
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This event is designed to be the place where you can come to hear the leading and
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3. Build relationships with well-informed colleagues;
4. Visit with Exhibitor representatives who can offer
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5. Stay up to date with latest trends & technology.
P R O D U C T S
MAY 2010
|

Catalog
BYK-GARDNER: The BYK-Gardner 2010-11
catalog includes: micro-gloss gloss meters;
cloud-runners for an objective evaluation
of mottling on
effect finishes;
BYK-mac instru-
ments for mea-
suring the total
col or i mpr es-
si on of ef f ect
f i ni s hes ; t he
temp-gard oven
recorder to ana-
lyze the baking
profile of industrial ovens; and byko-
drive, a newly designed automatic film
applicator to guarantee repeatable draw
downs. The catalog includes application
stories that show how instruments have
worked for customers, a handy standards
index, pricing, technical specifications,
and service and contact information.
Visit www.byk.com/instruments.
Resin
COGNIS: Versamid
116 is the first in a

series of TETA-free polyamide curatives
introduced into the market. It is based on
a novel amine feedstock, which will reduce
the potential for interrupted supply due to
shortages in key amine building blocks.
This product will yield performance prop-
erties consistent with existing backbones,
minimizing reformulation requirements.
Visit www.cognis.com.
Weathering Device
ATLAS MATERIAL TESTING TECHNOL-
OGY: The LS-200 full-spectrum monitoring
device has been specifically designed for
use in Ci Series Weather-Ometers
to pre-
cisely measure the SPD output of the xenon
lamp. This device has excellent correlation
to the spectro-radiometers used in the
Atlas Calibration Laboratory. The device is
easily mounted on the specimen rack, and
the output is measured over a short amount
of time (30 minutes is sufficient). The data
can be downloaded and exported into a
common spreadsheet program and ana-
lyzed to determine compliance to perfor-
mance-based standards. The LS-200 works
with any generation of Weather-Ometer.
E-mail slevine@atlas-mts.com.
Matting Agent
EVONIK INDUSTRIES: EXP 3600 is a sil-
ica-based matting agent perfectly suited
for use in UV-cured coatings. It has high
transparency, low residual gloss, excel-
lent surface quality and scratch resistance.
It is easy to incorporate and does not
negatively impact the coating systems
other application properties in any way.
E-mail michael.hoffmann@evonik.com.
Additives
RHODIA: Rhodoline
OTE, APE-free and

zero-VOC additives extend waterborne
coating open time two- to four-fold and
enable the formulation of high-per-
forming low- to zero-VOC coatings. This
low-odor, eco-friendly solution has been
developed for sustainable coatings, being
compliant with Green Seal (GS-11) or EU
eco-label requirements. It also enhances
gloss, boosts stain and scrub resistance,
and delivers freeze-thaw stability. An easy-
to-use solution for formulators, it is suit-
able for a wide range of polymer binders.
Visit www.rhodia.com.
Software
ELCOMETER INC.: Elcometer 320 is a
powerful system that can simultaneously
monitor climate parameters in up to 254
distinct locations. It is launched along with
the ElcoMonitor
software, allowing for fail-

safe, real-time climate observation. Audible
and visual indicators provided by a signal
tower give an instant warning that climatic
conditions have surpassed parameters. The
system provides an accurate indication of
relative humidity, air and surface tempera-
ture, specific humidity, and the difference
between relative humidity and dewpoint.
E-mail jeff@elcometerusa.com.
Adhesives and Curing Equipment
DYMAX CORP.: The Selector Guide for
Industrial Assembly Adhesives is a refer-
ence tool that provides detailed guidance
for selecting the best DYMAX adhesives and
curing equipment.
Selector tables list
glass, metal and
plastic bonding
adhesives, their
properties and the
unique applica-
tions for each prod-
uct. Tables detail
typical substrates
and the bonding
capabilities of products. Also described are
the types of light-curable products available
and their chemistries, as well as compat-
ible light-curing and dispensing systems.
Visit www.dymax.com.
49
C L A S S I F I E D S
EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT POSITIONS AVAILABLE
Stainless IT Stainless ITT
The CONN Blades
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w w w . c o n n b l a d e . c o m
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Horizontal Peeler Centrifuges
Vertical Basket Centrifuges
Inverting Filter Centrifuges
Toll Converting & Packaging
ISO 9001:2008
2 plants in N. Texas
Epoxy, urethane, solvent, water-based
High speed dispersion, vacuum processing
Adductions, advancements, prepolymer
Small, medium and large batch
Packaging: tankwagon, totes, drums, pails,
gallons, quarts, pints and smaller

www.quadrantchemical.com
jjamieson@quadrantchemical.com
200 Industrial Blvd., McKinney, TX 75069
972-864-0865 x 25 / 972-542-0072
HOCKMEYER
EQUIPMENT CORPORATION
A leader in the grinding and
dispersion industries
New & Used Equipment
Dispersers Mills Mixers
Tank & Tote Washers
Particle Size Analysis Vessels
Visit us at
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or call us at 252-338-4705
Wanted to purchase:
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& Mixers
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8efore
After
TECHNICAL SALESPERSON
Waterbased pigment dispersion mfr. seeking
salesperson located in eastern PA, with 50%
US travel. Must have technical sales or lab
experience in color applications.
Reitech Corporation
Send resume to: kirkd@reitechcorporation.com
EQUIPMENT
CUSTOM MANUFACTURING
COATINGS R&D CHEMIST
We are seeking a coatings research and
development chemist with experience in
formulation of liquid coatings for indus-
trial product finishing.
Northern Coatings and Chemical
Company is a manufacturer and supplier
of innovative product finishes, including
waterborne and high solids air dry and
baking enamels, urethane and NISO sys-
tems, acrylics, epoxies, coil coatings, and
UV-cure systems for wood, plastic and
metal, as well as many specialized custom
formulated coatings. Our customer base
includes many international Fortune 500
corporations, as well as regional manu-
facturers. We are located in the Upper
Peninsula of Michigan, 50 miles north of
Green Bay, Wisconsin.
The primary responsibility of this position
will be hands-on product research and
development, including interaction with
customers and materials suppliers. This
position could lead to outside sales. This
is an excellent opportunity for the detail-
oriented and self-motivated chemist who is
seeking to have a significant impact on cus-
tomer satisfaction and company success.
Candidates meeting the requirements for
this position should
have a bachelors
degree and at least
three years bench-
top experience with
formulating liquid
coatings for industri-
al product finishing.
Send resum/inquiries
to Mark LaValley
mlavalley@northern-coatings.com
All inquiries will be held in strict confidence.
MAY 2010
|

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Editor Darlene R. Brezinski, Ph.D.
Tel: 906/779.9498
E-mail: darpaint@aol.com
Managing Editor Kristin Johansson
Tel: 248/641.0592 Fax: 248/502.2094
E-mail: johanssonk@bnpmedia.com
Associate Editor Karen Parker
Tel: 248/229.2681
E-mail: parkerpcimag@gmail.com
Art Director Clare L. Johnson
OPERATI ONS S TAF F
Single Copy Sales Ann Kalb
E-mail: kalba@bnpmedia.com
Reprint Manager Jill L. DeVries
248/244.1726
E-mail: devriesj@bnpmedia.com
For subscription information or service,
please contact Customer Service at:
Tel: 847/763.9534 or Fax: 847/763.9538 or
e-mail PCI@halldata.com
Toll Manufacturing,
Converting, Packaging,
Fill Off and Private Labeling
Urethanes, Solvent & Water-Based Systems,
Acrylics, Epoxy, Ink, etc.
Packaging from quarts to totes
High speed dispersion, blending, milling
Best color matching in the industry
QC and testing equipment
Enviro, UV, abrasion, adhesion testing
California permitted to meet enviro regs
Sony Green Partner
Jeff Laird (866) 894-5252 ext. 220
Huntington Beach, CA
www.paintmfg.com
Custom/Contract Manufacturing
Polymers-Coatings-Adhesives
Polymerization: Acrylic Emulsion,
Solution Acrylic, Waterbased
& Solventbased Urethanes
Pigment Dispersion & Pigmentation
Resin Cuts, Blending
R&D, Q.C., Custom Color Matching
Drums, Totes, Bulk
ISO 9001: 2001 Registered
Contact Mike Lombard
Ph: 978-988-0880, ext. 304
FAX: 978-658-3366
info@allcoattech.com www.allcoattech.com www.pcimag.com/classifieds
Novafow Systems, Inc.,
a leader in computer automated
gravimetric dispensing systems, is
currently seeking sale agents
outside of North America.
Interested parties should apply by email to
sales@novafow.com
13th Annual Coatings
Trends & Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . 47
www.coatingsconference.com
BASF Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 33
www.basf.com/naftaresins
Brenntag North America. . . . . . . . . . 7
www.brenntagnorthamerica.com
Buhler Inc. (PARTEC). . . . . . . . . . . . 21
www.buhlergroup.com
BYK USA Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 18
www.byk.com/innovation
CINIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
www.cinic.com
Conn and Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
www.connblade.com
Cytec Industries Inc. . . . . . . . . . . 16, 19
www.cytec.com
DeFelsko Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
www.defelsko.com
Dow Microbial Control . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Elcometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
www.elcometer.com
Evonik Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
www.evonik.com/colortrend
Evonik Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Evonik Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 37
H&S Autoshot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.hasutoshot.com
Hamamatsu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
sales.hamamatsu.com
Heubach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
www.heubachcolor.com
Hoover Color Corporation . . . . . . . . 52
www.hoovercolor.com
HunterLab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
www.hunterlab.com
Huntsman Advanced Materials. . . 48
www.huntsman.com/
advanced_materials
Jyoti Ceramic Industries. . . . . . . . . . . 4
www.jyoticeramic.com
Mason Color Works, Inc. . . . . . . . . . 51
www.masoncolorpigments.com
Mitsubishi Gas Chemical
America, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
www.aromaticchemicals.com
Ross, Charles & Son. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
www.mixers.com
Russell Finex Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
www.russellfinex.com
Sartomer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 39
www.sartomer.com
Shamrock Technologies, Inc. . . . 2, 19
www.shamrocktechnologies.com
Spectra Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.sglinc.com
Synasia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.synasia.com
TRICOR Systems Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
www.tricor-systems.com
Unimin Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.BrilliantAdditions.com
Xenon Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
www. xenoncorp.com
Mason Colors high performance pigment technology for coatings provides the ultimate in heat resistance, UV
durability, and chemical resistance. Our mixed metal oxide pigments meet the most exacting color and durability
requirements of the defense, architectural, stove and heating products, and roofing industries. These pigments add
vibrant color to building facades, stove equipment, exhaust parts and outdoor furnishings and equipment. These
advanced technology pigments can be incorporated into any coating platform including powder coatings, electrocoat,
high solids and waterborne paints.
Mason Color Works, Inc. A History of Pigment Technology Excellence
Mason Color Works has been manufacturing high temperature, inorganic pigments since 1842.
For more than 40 years Mason Color has been a global supplier of high performance pigments to all sectors
of the ceramic industry including pottery, artware, bricks, sanitaryware and roofing materials.
In the last 45 years, Mason Color has expanded into the high technology Investment Casting Industry. Our
ISO Compliant Cobalt Aluminate products are integral in the manufacturing jet turbine blades and medical
devices.
In the 1990s heralded the emergence of the fireplace gas log industry and Mason Color's participation as a
supplier of high quality, high temperature pigments for this use.
Soon thereafter, the Swimming Pool and Spa colorant industry
embraced Mason's pigment technology. Our high quality pigment
exceed the demands for resistance to punishing UV energy and the
aggressive chemicals used in swimming pools.
Our fully outfitted Powder Coating Laboratory and skilled
technicians will help you choose the perfect color for your most
demanding requirements.
See you at the American Coatings Show,
April 2010 in Charlotte, NC.

Paint and Coatings Industry May 2010

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