Fundamentals about water structure

Physical properties of the structurized water (IE)

( IE - ice formed under electric field )

1.002

V [ cm3]
1.0015

1.001

1.0005

Krzysztof Michalak
temp. [C]
1

Biophysics Department University of Medical Sciences of Pozna (Poland) kmichalak@ump.edu.pl

10

15

20

The atypical relation Volume (Temp) The ice clusters must exist in the ordinary water, water, but what is the size and stability of these clusters? clusters?

What is the size of the cluster? cluster?

Students textbook:Harper Biochemistry, Biochemistry, 2001:
Lets analyze the simple cube of 27 molecules Lets remove every 3rd bond of the model. Every H20 possesses 4 instead of 6 bonds. bonds. n=3 - is the number of molecules in 1 dimension. dimension. Total number of molecules is n3 =27 The number of bonds B= 2n2(n(n-1) =36 The number of ends of bonds 2B = 4n2(n(n-1) =72 The mean number of bonds per molecule for n=3 = 72 / 27 = 2.67
Let solve the equation: equation: We get n=8

The mean number of hydrogen bonds in the ordinary water is

3.5
(for the ice it is 4) Only 12.5 % of the bonds is decaying during the melting process !!!

4n2(n(n-1) / n3 =

3.5

Thus, Thus, the mean size of the cluster is 83 =

512

What is the structure of the ice? ice? The angle between hydrogens in the water molecule is about 105 105. It does not fit to any one optimal cristalline structure. structure. Thus, Thus,

Dr. Dr. Wolfgang Ludwig The pioneer of water structure examination

the shapes of the clusters can be various.

The examples of emission spectra in the HzHz-kHz range of homepathic drugs and absorption spectra in UV range are presented in his book: book:

Wasser und Homeopathie Homeopathie

Like - every snowflake is unique.

(Water and homeopathy) homeopathy)

(CKH Verlag, Verlag, www.ckh.de) www.ckh.de)

If the rotational energies synchronize, synchronize, the strength of the hydrogen bond should increase x k
k = N = 500 22
k amplification factor, factor, N size of the cluster

Emission spectrum of Echinacea D5 The maximum is at: at: f=2.68125 kHz

Electromagnetic coupling Synchronuous (coherent) rotation

From: From: W. Ludwig Wasser und Homeopathie Homeopathie

The products of different firms differ only in the amplitude but not in the frequency
From: From: W. Ludwig Wasser und Homeopathie Homeopathie

Thus, Thus, the structure of clusters can be stable. stable.

If the water is affected by unfavourable factors it becomes more transparent for UV radiation. radiation.
Absorbance
Reference water Water standing on the container with the anthracene Water standing on the geopathic zone

Quantum Field Theory

applied to the water structure

Water standing on the radioactive source Water standing before the color monitor

240nm

280nm

320nm

prof. Emilio del Giudice Sommer School 2007

From: From: W. Ludwig Wasser und Homeopathie Homeopathie

In the Quantum Physics the particles and fields are fluctuating. Coherence domain (CD):
oscillate between the two levels in tune with the nonvanishing e.m. e.m. field so that the field is trapped within the region whose size is (coherence domain) domain).
Atoms

13% of electrons in the CD are quasiquasi-free and can be put in ratation within the CD. CD. Their excited states are: are: ~7, 21, 35, 49,.. kHz The lifetime of these excited levels is quite long since the motion of quasiquasi-free electrons in the CD is frictionless

The diameter of the coherence domain in the liquid water is d = 100nm

~107 molecules
From: From: E. d Giudice Quantum Field Theory applied to the water structure structure Sommer School 2007 From: From: E. d Giudice Quantum Field Theory applied to the water structure structure Sommer School 2007

Water surrounding the biomolecule

Take a chain of monomers having the electric dipole D. The water molecules can align with the chain. Following the alignment, the electron oscillation becomes onedimensional, so that CDs become thin tubes whose length is ~100 nm and diameter is ~1 nm The minimum energy is required that the monomers would enter the common oscillation with water CDs
From: From: E. d Giudice Quantum Field Theory applied to the water structure structure Sommer School 2007

Prof. Shui Yin Lo

Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Stable Water (IE ) Clusters

Free download on: http://www.qluni.org/images/book_wcluster/index.htm

The photos of the IE structures in the electron microscope. microscope.

(IE ice formed under electric field)

Preparing the IE solutions

by Prof. Shui Yin Lo

The size is of about 1010-100

nm

(~ the size of the coherence domain) domain)

but can be up to 5m !!
(~1010 molecules) molecules)

The IE solutions were obtained by the diluting and shaking of different dissolved substances. substances. The IE structures occured at the concentration 10-6 - 10-7 mole/L

and the concentration of IE structures can be up to about 3.8%.

The 3-D conformation and packing of IN Crystals were studied on mica surface with NanoScope@ Multimode AFM in TappingModeTM. AFM is a high resolution technique for studying surface. From: From: Shui Yin Lo Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Stable Water (IE ) Clusters

The IE clusters can then regenerate themselves in further dilutions.

transmittance

IE structures strongly absorb UV radiation Physical properties of IE water

described by

1%

10%

Shui Yin Lo :
100%

Absorbance for 190nm is very high

compared with the ordinary water
From: From: Shui Yin Lo Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Stable Water (IE ) Clusters

Electromotive force
It is well known that no electromotive force is generated between same electrodes in a solution. In the case of IE water it is not true, however. The first 2-3 minutes point the irregular reading, then a maximum of 38 mV approaches and then drops slowly over next hour.

Resistivity
* The abrupt large change of resistivity at 100Hz and 1V was observed in the first minute after the voltage was being applied.

If the IE structures are electric dipoles, any ion moving close to them will be attracted to them. When ions are attached to a much larger size IE structures, structures, the mobility of ion becomes the mobility of ion plus the IE structure, structure, which is larger.

Fluorescence spectra
For pure water - no fluorescence spectra was observed. observed. For IE water - there is a district fluorescence peak at 298nm using various excitation UV light at 200, 230, 276 or 285nm. The interpretation is proposed that electrons may be shared among different molecules in the same IE clusters, clusters, which can be excited by UV light to a new state.

Dielectric constant
There are significant differences in the

dielectric constant spectrum

between IE water and ordinary water

From: From: Shui Yin Lo Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Stable Water (IE ) Clusters

Dissipation factor D = Im / Re
There are significant differences in the Material: Material:

My experiment

Dissipation factor D spectrum

between IE water and ordinary water

the doubly distilled but not degassed and not deionised water Methods: Methods: Repeated measurement of the absorbance at 190nm after repeated shaking procedure performed under different constant magnetic fields (0.1mT, 1mT, 10mT, 100mT, 1T, 2T) perpendicular to the direction of shaking. shaking.

From: From: Shui Yin Lo Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Stable Water (IE ) Clusters

Shaking procedure
repeated up to 25 x
Sample is hit 50x the cotton cloth lying on the table in the Magnetic Field
(25 sec)

Wait 50 sec for stabilization

Cycle duration 2 minutes

Wait 15 sec

Observe the fluctuations of absorbance (30sec)

Set the sample into the UV-meter

Conclusions
1. 2.

Questions
(Hypotheses) Hypotheses)
Are the big IE clusters the coherent domains as well ? Can the big IE clusters occur in the deionized and degassed water as well ? Can the analysis of emission in HzHz-kHzkHz-MHz range distinguish between the clusters that were created on different seed molecules? molecules?

3.

4. 5.

The big IE clusters can occur and exist in the water. water. The subsequent dilution of the solution is not necessery to get the big IE clusters. clusters. We need the shaking and the small amount of molecules - 610 - 7as the seeds for I creation. 10 E creation. Constant magnetic field slows down the IE creation. creation. Measurement of UV at 190 nm is the easy tool to measure the concentration of the big IE clusters. clusters.

1.

2.

3.