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Essential Question:
What are the main differences between long term healthcare facilities and short term healthcare
facilities?
Word Wall/Vocabulary
1. Patient focused care
2. DRG
3. JCAHO
4. acute illness
5. chronic illness
6. Medicaid
7. Medicare
8. Hospice
9. Quality Assurance
10. Skilled Care Facility
Lecture Outline
5 Basic Functions of healthcare facilities
o Provide services for the ill and injured
o Preventing disease
o Promoting individual and community health
o Educating health care workers
o Promoting research in medicine and nursing
(What are some examples of facilities that specialize in these functions?)
Health care is an ever-changing entity. What do you think are some of the reasons that
healthcare must change?
o People are living longer. The longer that people live, their need for health care
increases; therefore more services are needed. As the population gets older, more
services are needed for patients with illness and disability.
o Advanced technology allows more lives to be saved. However, these individuals
need continuing health care
o The cost of health care has increased because of the demand for services and
advances in technology.
o Science has created many ethical (moral) questions that must be answered by
healthcare providers and health care consumers.
What are some ways that we can decrease healthcare cost?
o Discharge patients earlier from the hospital—Is this safe?
o Home health care and outpatient facilities
o Surgicenters and urgent care facilities vs. ER visits and hospital OR’s
o If you thought you had strep throat would it be more cost effective to go to the
hospital ER or to the urgent care facility?
Managed Care—these are methods used by insurance companies to reduce health care
costs
o Some of the methods used include:
Approving procedures and diagnostic tests prior to the procedures or tests
Negotiate with physicians, hospitals, and pharmacies to provide services at
a lower cost to the company’s members
Approve only a certain number of days of hospitalization for a specific
diagnosis Ex) 48 hours after a vaginal birth and 72 hours after a C/S
Require that specific procedures be done on an outpatient basis rather than
having the patient admitted to the hospital
A community is people who live in a common area and share common health needs.
The class is a community. What are some of this communities health care need?
o Provisions for disposal of wastes
o Safe drinking water
o Availability of healthful foods
o Protection from disease
o General health care
o Public health laws regulate these services and are enforced by government
agencies.
Different types of healthcare are needed at various stages of life
o Preventative care- wellness needs
Infants and children—well baby checkups and immunizations
Prenatal care—care of the mother during her pregnancy
Physical exams all throughout life
Health education to help prevent disease and injury
o Emergency care
Short term care for a sudden injury or illness
o Surgery
Repair an injured body part or remove a diseased organ
o Rehab
Help patients regain abilities after illness or injury
o Long term care facilities
For patients who have chronic or incurable conditions
o Hospice care
For patients who are dying and their families
The people who receive health care are called the health care consumers. There are
more specific names for the health care consumer based on the services they need.
o Patient is a term for a person in an acute care facility
o Client is a term for a person receiving care in their own home
o Resident is usually a term for those people who are in long term skilled care
facilities
COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE SERVICES
REGULATORY AGENCIES
External agencies regulate healthcare facilities (some state and federal, many private
organizations)
Hospitals must meet quality standards to operate. (Health and safety regulations)
Surveys are conducted to ensure that hospitals are maintaining acceptable standards of
practice.
Must have a state license to operate, must hold certification to be eligible to collect
Medicaid and Medicare
JCAHO (Joint Commission for Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations)
o Inspects and accredits hospitals, nursing homes, home care providers, medical
suppliers, ambulance services and other health care agencies
o Must be JCAHO accredited to collect Medicare. (Hospitals could not survive with
out Medicare revenue.
o Sets high standards and stops by periodically to evaluate facility
o JCAHO requirements
Employees must be assigned to care for patients based on patient needs,
caregiver qualifications, training, and experience
Employees must be competent to carry out their responsibilies.
• Must maintain a list of staff education and annual competencies
• Staff must participate in ongoing education
• Must document how their competencies are evaluated
• When surveyors show up they may ask an employee to perform an
appropriate task or demonstrate the use of a certain piece of
equipment.
Once the survey is complete if there are any areas that are lacking or not
up to standards then the facility has a chance to correct and improve these
issues before accreditation is granted or denied.
OSHA Surveys
o Monitors and protects the health and safety of the employee.
o Review infection control policies, isolation practices, PPD, material safety data
sheets (MSDS).
o Interview employees and tour facilities
o Will make recommendations to improve employee safety.
o OSHA can give a citation if they note dangerous or unsafe conditions
Citations are for violations of OSHA rules
Must be posted in the area where the violation occurred for three days or
until the unsafe condition is corrected.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Purpose is to conduct internal reviews to identify problems and find solutions for
improvement
Evaluated care provided and practices in the facility
Committee members review practices and report back on ways to improve care
Identify problems and correct them
Improves the quality of care given to the patients.