Kimber Brown, a program director for Teach for America, says the incentive to read is different for every

child. "For anyone to be motivated to do anything, they have to believe two things: (1) They have to believe they can do it, and (2) they have to want to do it," Kimber says. Some kids may be motivated by a sticker on the chart, while others may need the promise of a more tangible prize, like a trip to the community pool or zoo, to catch their attention. However, Thom Barthelmess, president of the Association of Library Service to Children, cautions parents against promising TV time in exchange for reading. "Kids are smart and they're paying attention, and the message we want to give them is that reading is its own reward. When we [offer TV as a reward for reading], we show them that reading is what you do to get something really valuable, like watch TV," Thom says. Read more: http://www.oprah.com/oprahsbookclub/_74#ixzz2pPk3tUWZ http://www.oprah.com/oprahsbookclub/_74

5 Steps for Reading Visuals 1.Identify the type of visual 2.Determine the topic of the visual 3.Examine the given information from the visual (including all introductory text) 4.Develop predictions, deductions, inferences or conclusions about the visual 5.Analyze the questions and determine the information needed from the visual

There is an old saying that a picture is worth a thousand words. When it comes to comprehension, this saying might be paraphrased, a visual display helps readers understand, organize, and remember some of those thousand words.. ~Duke & Pearson, 2002 www.slideshare.net/beemw/reading-comprehension-using-visual-strategies#

Visualizing: A Tool to Enhance

Understanding

Visualizing is a comprehension strategy that enables readers to make the words on a page real and concrete.

Keene and Zimmerman

http://www.slideshare.net/nielrich013/read-26019212#

http://readingrecovery.org/images/pdfs/Conferences/NC09/Handouts/Carry_Visual_Literacy.pdf http://www.curriculumsupport.education.nsw.gov.au/literacy/assets/pdf/packages/combook.pdf

References
Birsh, J. R. (Ed.) (2005) Multisensory Teaching of Basic Language Skills (2nd ed.), Baltimore MD: Paul Brookes Publishing. Beck, I.L., McKeown, M.G. Hamilton, R. I. & Kucan, L. (Eds.) (1997) Questioning the Author: An Approach for Enhancing Student Engagement with Text. Newark DE: International Reading Association. Beck, I.L., (2002) Bringing Words to Life. NY: Guilford. Carlisle, J.F. & Rice, M.S. (2002) Improving Reading Comprehension. Timonium, MD.: York Press. Curtis, M.E. (Ed.) Improving Comprehension and Comprehension Instruction, Perspectives, 27 (2), 1-51. Deschler, D.D., Ellis, E.S., & Lenz, B.K (1996). Teaching Adolescents with Learning Disabilities: Strategies and Methods (2nd ed.). Denver, CO: Love Publishing. Gough P.B. & Tunmer, W.E. (1986) Decoding, Reading and Reading Disability. Remedial and Special Education , 7, 6-10. Harvey, S., & Goudvis, A. (2000). Strategies that work: Teaching Comprehension To Enhance Understanding . York, Maine: Stenhouse Publications. Maria, K. (1990). Reading Comprehension Instruction: Issues and Strategies . Timonium, MD: York Press. Marzano. R. (2004). Building Background Knowledge for Academic Achievement. Alexandria, VA:ASCD. McCardle, P. & Chhabra, V. (Eds.) (2004) The Voice of Evidence in Reading Research. Baltimore, MD: Paul Brookes Publishing. Moats, L.C. (2005) Digging for Meaning: Teaching Text Comprehension . Longmont. CO: Sopris West. National Reading Panel (2000). Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching Children To Read: An EvidenceBased Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and its Implications for Reading Instruction . Washington, DC: National Institute of Child and Health Development. RAND Reading Study Group (2002). Reading for Understanding: Toward an R & D Program in Reading Comprehension. Vaughn, S. & Klingner, J.K. (1999). Teaching Reading Comprehension Through Collaborative Strategic Reading. Intervention in School & Clinic, 34, 284-292.

Instructional Resources
Carreker, S. (2004) Developing Metacognitive Skills: Vocabulary and Comprehension . Houston, TX: Neuhaus. Greene, J.F. (2005). LANGUAGE! (3rd ed.) Longmont, CO: Sopris West. Greene, V., & Enfield, M.L. (1999). Project Read: Story Form Comprehension Guide, Bloomington, MN: Language Circle Enterprises. Klingner, J.K., Vaughn, S., Dimino, J., Schumm, J.S., & Bryant, D. (2001). From Clunk To Click: Collaborative Strategic Reading. Longmont, CO: Sopris West.

Websites

Big Ideas in Beginning Reading Children of the Code Florida Center for Reading Research Inspiration and Kidspiration Software LDOnline Reading Rockets University of Texas at Austin: Vaughn Gross Center for Reading and Language Arts