1

A student carried out an experiment to investigate the combustion of candle in containers of different sizes as shown in Figure 3.1. !ontainer "

#eginning !ontainer %

$nd

#eginning !ontainer &

$nd

#eginning (a) State the variables involved in this experiment. Manipulated variable: esponding variable: !ontrolled variable:

$nd

(b) #ased on Figure 3.1' record the time taken (or the candle to burn in di((erent containers. Container " % & Time taken for candle to burn (s)

(c) #ased on the table in (b)' draw a bar chart to show the time ta)en (or the candle to burn in di((erent containers.

Time taken for candle to burn (s)

40

30 2

20

(d) #ased on the bar chart in (c)' what can be said about the time ta)en (or the candles to burn* 10 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (e) State one inference (rom the experiment. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Container +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (() State the relationship between the si,e o( the container and the time ta)en (or the candle to burn.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (g) A student drilled some holes on a container as shown in Figure 3.-. In which burn the longest* Circle the correct answer. P Q container will the candle

A student carried out an experiment to stud. the relationship between resistance and current. /he below (igure shows the arrangement o( apparatus (or the experiment.

FIGURE 8.1

/he procedure o( the experiment are as (ollows:

0tep 1: /he circuit is set up using a 1 1 resistor. 0tep -: /he switch is closed and the brightness o( the bulb is observed. /he ammeter reading is recorded. 0tep 3: 0tep - is repeated with a - 1' 2 1 and 13 1 resistor respectivel.. (a) State the variables in the experiment. Manipulated variable: esponding variable: Fixed variable: . . .

(b) Figure 4.- shows the reading o( the ammeter when di((erent resistors are connected to the circuit.

5 FIGURE 8.2

10

Complete Table !" b. recording the readings o( the ammeter as shown in Figure 4.-. esistor (1) eading o( ammeter (A) (c) State the relationship between resistance and the current (lowing through the circuit. 1 2 13

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (d) 5sing /able 4.3' draw a line #raph o( current against resistance. 1. 0 0.9 0. 8 0. 7 0. 6 0.5 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0.1 0

Current (A)

7 6 5 Resistance () (e) $hat can be said about current and resistance*

10

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (() #ased on the graph in (e)' predict the ammeter readin# when the resistance is 4 1. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (g) State the relationship between resistance and the brightness o( the bulb. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

6. A student carried out an experiment to stud. the e((ect o( surface area on the evaporation of water. /hree e7uall. damp (ilter paper' 8' 9 and are le(t to dr. under the same condition as shown in Figure 6.1. 8 is le(t un(olded' 9 is (olded into halves and is (olded into 7uarters. /he time ta)en (or the (ilter paper to dr. is shown in the table below P R Q

%ilter Paper 8 9

Time taken for filter paper to dr& (s) -33 3-3 623

a! State the variables in this experiment. Manipulated variable: esponding variable: !ontrolled variable: .. .. ..

b! State the h&pothesis (or the experiment. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

c. 5sing the table draw a bar chart to show the time ta)en (or (ilter paper 8' 9 and Time taken for filter paper to dry (s)

to dr..

50 0

40 0

30 02

20 0 Filter paper (d) #ased on the bar chart in (c)' what can be said about the time ta)en (or the (ilter papers to dr.* 10 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 0 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (e) State one inference (rom the experiment. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (f) State the relationship between the sur(ace area o( the (ilter paper and the time ta)en (or the (ilter paper to dr.. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

(g) 23 m: o( water is poured into each o( the three di((erent containers' " % and & as shown in Figure 6.3. /he three containers are le(t under the sun.

X (h) (i) In which container will the water evaporate the (astest*

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ (ii) '(plain .our answer in (g)(i). ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2. A student carried out an experiment to stud. the e((ect o( volume o( li7uid on the amount o( heat as shown in the (igure F ; < "#er$o$et "#er$o$et "#er$o$et

/he thermometer reading on the twentieth minutes in : !onical (las) F

!onical (las) ;

(a) 0tate the variables in the experiment. Manipulated variable esponding variable !ontrolled variable (b) 0tate one in(erence (rom the experiment ..' (b) #ased on the (igure record the reading o( each thermometer on the -3th minutes in conical (las) F and ; in the table below = Conical Time (min) flask /emperature ( !)
o

) >4 >4 >4

*) 44 4@4

+)

") ?4 2? 63 o( li7uid on the

F ; <

?3

(d) #ased on the /able 4.- plot a temperature versus time graph to show the e((ect o( volume amount o( heat o( the li7uid. (or conical (las) F and ;.

100 9 8

"e$%erat&re 'oC(

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Corni)a* +*a,-

"i$e '$in( (e) #ased on the line graph chart in (c) ' what can be said about the e((ect o( volume o( li7uid on the amount o( heat o( the li7uid.

(()

#ased on the graph predict the temperature o( li7uid in conical ; on the -2th minutes. !onical (las) ; : ......................

(g)

0tate the relationship between the o( volume o( li7uid on the amount o( heat o( the li7uid. ..

(h)

.'. #ased on /able 4.- and the graph in (c)' what is considered as the operational de(inition (or A the amount o( heat B* ..

?. /he diagram below shows two cars with di((erent colour are driven on hot da..

i) #ased on .our observation in the diagram' state the di((erence o( hotness in car A and #. . ii) Chat in(erence can be made based on !ar A and !ar # . ... iii) 0tate one h.pothesis based on .our observations in Diagram 4.1. .'.'.'. . b) A student carried out an experiment to investigate the situation in Diagram 4.1.Diagram 4.shows an experiment to determine the colour o( sur(ace which a((ect the absorption o( heat. A(ter 12 minutes'the reading o( thermometers are observed and recorded.

Diagram 4.-

/hermometer A (i) 0ur(ace #lac) paint Aluminium paint ecord the thermometer readings in the table below /emperature o!

/hermometer #

c)

#ased on the readings in the table draw a bar chart to show the reading o( thermometer with the di((erent colour o( sur(ace. temperatureEo!

suhu

#lac) d) 0tate the variable involved in this experiment.

Aluminium

!olour o( sur(ace

Manipulated variable esponding variable !onstant variable

e)

Ch. is it advisable to wear a white colour clothes on a hot da.*

()

#ased on Diagram 4.-' state the operational de(inition o( absorption o( heat. ..