2006/030041/07 PO Box 4864 Vanderbijlpark Republic of South Africa Tel +27(0)16 981 0237 Fax+27(0)16 981 0238 Cell+27(0)82

413 0555 info@onsiteservices.co.za

WEEKLY REPORT 09 SEPT - 13 SEPT

Name: Student Number: Email: Date: Mentor: Managing Director: Supervising Foreman: Gustav Oehley 211111309 gioehley@gmail.com 16/09/2013 Mr. S.E.F. Botha Mr. J. Greyling Anton van Vollenstee

Table of contents
Cover page Table of contents List of Figures List of Tables 1. Abstract and Introduction 2. Objective 3. Vertical Tank Design 3.1 Joints 3.1.1 Welding Symbols 3.1.2 Vertical Shell Joints 3.1.3 Horizontal Shell Joints 3.1.4 Lap Welded Bottom Joints 3.1.5 Butt-Welded Bottom Joints 3.1.6 Bottom Annular-plate Joints 3.1.7 Shells-to-Bottom Fillet Welds 3.1.8 Wind Girder Joints 3.2 Design Considerations 3.2.1 Design Factors 3.2.2 External Loads 3.2.3 Protective Measures 3.2.4 External Pressure 3.2.5 Tank Capacity 3.3 Design Considerations 3.3.1 Foundation 3.3.2 Corrosion Allowances

P 1 2 -3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 2

3.3.3 Service Conditions 3.3.4 Weld Hardness 3.4 Bottom Plates 3.5 Annular Bottom Plates 3.6 Shell design 3.6.1 Allowable Stress 3.6.2 Calculations of thickness for Shell 3.7 Shell openings 4. Conclusion 5. References and Resources

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List of Figures
Figure 1: Vertical Tank 4

List of Tables
Table 1: Shell Plate thickness with Sizes weld Table 2: Plate Thickness with Hydrostatic Stress Table 3: Tank diameter with Plate thickness Table 4: Plate material with Allowable Stresses 5 8 8 10

1. Abstract and Introduction

During this week at Onsite services, I looked into tanks and how to design them, also the calculation involving Tanks. During previous weeks at On-site services I assisted the boilermaker with the fabrication of a 6m diameter tank and was involved in Boiler making, fittings and all the various fabricating techniques used to erect this tank. The main engineer gave me the American Petroleum Institute standard and through standard I was guided on tank design.

2. Objective
The objective for this report is to give feedback on the topic and time that I spend during the week and also giving information about the content that I have researched.

3. Shear Pin Design

Figure 1: Shear Pin

A shear pin is a safety device designed to shear in the case of a mechanical overload, preventing other, more expensive parts from being damaged. As a mechanical sacrificial part, it is analogous to an electric fuse. The pin itself may be a plain metal rod inserted through a hub and axle; the diameter of the rod is carefully chosen to allow the shearing action when the desired breakaway force or shock is reached. A cotter pin may also be used as a low-tech shear pin. They are most commonly used in drive trains, such as a snow blower's auger or the propellers attached to marine engines. Another use is in pushback bars used for large aircraft. In this device, shear pins are frequently used to connect the "head" of the towbar the portion that attaches to the aircraft to the main shaft of the towbar. In this way, the failure of the shear pin will physically separate the aircraft and the tractor. The design may be such that the shear pin will have several different causes of failure towbar rotation about its long axis, sudden braking or acceleration, excessive steering force, etc. all of which could otherwise be extremely damaging to the aircraft. 4

There are various types of pins as seen in figure below. Pins are normally driven into place and have the advantage that they can transmit torque as well as axial load. The diameter of the pin is approximately one quarter of the shaft diameter. Pins should not project beyond the hub surface for safety reasons.

Figure 1: Types of Shear Pin

Shear pins are used as mechanical fuses. The pins are designed to transmit a certain mean torque, but if the torque exceeds a predetermined maximum value, the pin will fail, preventing further damage to the equipment.

3.1 Standards
The following gives a list of standards applicable to the various types of pins: 1. Round pins BS 1804 : part 2 1968 2. Taper pins with drilling specifications ANSI B18.8.2 1978 3. Grooved Pins ANSI B18.8.2 1978 4. Split tubular spring pins ANSI B18.8.2 1978

3.2 Information Gathered

3.3 Design Statement

Design a shear pin made out of two materials: 080M40 (EN 8) and Copper, the grade of copper must be a design decision. The hub of the coupling must be connected with a round pin. The shaft is driven by an electric motor and transmit 7,5 kW at 1500rpm before gearbox is engaged. The gear ratio is 100:1. The pin is allocated 141 mm for the center of the shaft.

3.4 Calculations

3.5 Programming
After I have done the calculations on the shear pin, I wrote a excel program where I could input different values of the design and the program would output the size of shear pin required for the application.

Excel Program

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3.5 CAD Model

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4. Conclusion
After finishing this report and getting information on Tank design, reading and studying the standards I can say that I have gained a large amount of knowledge in the design process of tanks. I received values of a tank to calculate the Shell thickness and base plate thicknesses. Using the API 650 standard as a guide, I correctly calculated the correct thicknesses.

5. References and Resources

http://www.vopak.com/business_segments/storage/142_tank_terminal.php http://www.piping-designer.com/API_650_Tank_Calculation http://www.eng-tips.com/viewthread Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR 280.31 Operation and maintenance of corrosion protection. Holm L. (2012). Long Term Experiences with Solar District Heating in Denmark. Presentation. European Sustainable Energy Week, Brussels. 18 - 22 June 2012. ASME RTP-1-2005 Part 1-110 (Scope of Standard) "Industrial Tank Cleaning Mixer". Waterline Tank Technologies LLC. "1910.110(e)(4)(i)". United States Department of Labor - OSHA.

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