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January 2007 Part A 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Differentiate between (a) Uniform and Non-uniform flow (b) Steady and Unsteady flow. Derive an expression for the discharge through a channel by Chezys formula. Explain the terms (a) Slope of the bed; (b) Hydraulic mean depth. Find an expression for loss of energy head for a hydraulic jump. Explain the terms (a) Rapidly varied flow and (b) Gradually variedflow. Derive the condition for the best side slope of the most economical trapezoidal channel. State the following formulae for the value of "C": (a) Bazin's formula. (b) Kutter's formula, (c) Manning's formula. 8. Derive an expression for the depth of hydraulic jump in terms of upstream froude number. 9. Give the classification of the reciprocating pumps. 10. What is meant by a positive displacement pump? Give examples. Part B 1. A trapezoidal channel with side slopes of 1 to 1 has to be designed to convey 10m3/sec at a velocity of 2m/sec so that the amount of concrete lining for the bed and sides is the minimum. Calculate the area of lining required for one metre length of canal. 2. A trapezoidal channel to carry 142m3/minute of water is designed to have a minimum cross section. Find the bottom width and depth if the bed slope is 1 in 1200, the side slopes at 45 and Chezys coefficient = 55. 3. Derive the expression for depth of hydraulic jump andwrite the assumptions made for deriving the expression. 4. Find the slope of the free water surface in a rectangular channel of width 20m having depth of flow 5m. The discharge through the channel is 50m3/sec. The bed of the channel is having a slope of 1 in 4000. Take the value of Chezy's constant C = 60. 5. Define the terms (i)Affux and (ii) Backwater curve.Prove that the length of the backwater curve is given byL=(E2-E1)/(ib-ie) 6. Show that in a rectangular channel: (i) Critical depth is two-third of specific energy; and (ii) Froude number at critical depth is unity. 7. A jet water from a fixed nozzle has a diameter of 25mm, and strikes a flat plate at an angle to 30 to the normal to the plate. The velocity of the jet is 5 m/s and the surface of the plate can be assumed to be frictionless. Calculate the force exerted normal to the plate (i) if the plate is stationary; (ii) if the plate is moving with a velocity of 2 m/s in the same direction of the jet.

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8. A jet of water of 7.5 cm in diameter and having a velocity of 15 m/sec strikes the fixed plate in such a way that the angle between the jet and the plate is 40. Find (i) Maximum force of the jet on the plate. (ii) Force in the direction of the jet. (iii) Force normal to the jet direction. 9. (i) What are the usual performance curves drawn for centrifugal pumps? (ii)Explain the indicator diagram of reciprocatingpump. (iii)With the help of neat sketch, explain the constructional features of the Kaplan turbine. 10. Differentiate between: (i)A single acting and double acting reciprocating pump. (ii)Volute casing and Vortex casing for the centrifugal pump. (iii)Reaction turbine and impulse turbine.

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