Conversion neutral impact on UPS power performance and countermeasures Time: 2012-10-30 Source: Power Online Author: 1 Introduction

In the UPS power supply system, UPS devices are located between the AC input power and critical load, which is upstream of the AC input power low-voltage distribution system that is downstream of various critical loads. Any UPS is normally in the input mains energy, UPS to the mains and transform appropriate adjustment, stable and reliable supply of the AC load.When utility power outage or technical indicators beyond a predetermined tolerance limit, UPS with internal storage devices (batteries) continue to run the load. Mains an extended power outage, you must start the backup power generators. In the telecommunications and data center and other important applications, low-voltage distribution systems typically use twoway and multi-city power transformers, and configure one or more backup generators. To ensure the UPS input power supply, the need for conversion between electricity and backup generators. Conversion circuit using a conventional three-pole automatic transfer switch (ATS). In the 3-pole ATS conversion circuit, when a ground fault occurs in the distribution circuit, ground fault current shunt phenomenon, leading to ground fault protection (GFP) refused to move. In addition, the neutral line current will cause the shunt malfunction ground fault protection device. In recent years, important applications require the use of circuit breakers with four segments, including GFP, in order to avoid ground fault protection device working properly, increasing 4-pole ATS converter circuit applications. 4-pole ATS converter circuit in addition to convert three-phase lines, but also increased the first 4-pole changeover neutral line, 4-pole ATS feature is to ensure mutual conversion of two completely isolated from the power supply, eliminating the ground fault current and neutral line current shunt, to ensure the normal operation of ground-fault protection device. However, the conversion process may be interrupted neutral, resulting in UPS neutral benchmark (ground) is disconnected, causing UPS system failure. It has been found due to the neutral line basis disconnected, causing the UPS device is not working, and even lead to serious failures UPS shutdown and load power outages. Neutral impact on UPS power converter upstream of GFP and UPS has become the most talked about and the problems to be solved. Is also an important part of the current UPS system design must be considered. This article discusses the types and principles of the upstream UPS power conversion circuits, disconnect the basis of analysis of neutral impact on UPS operation, proposed engineering design and practical solutions. 2 telecommunications and data center protection of low voltage distribution systems and grounding requirements According YD/T5040-2005 "communication power equipment installation engineering" requirement, low-voltage AC power supply systems telecommunications and data centers should adopt TN-S system. TN-S system has many advantages, for example, in the TN-S system, there are three-phase unbalanced load and non-linear loads, the neutral line N in a current flows through, but the protective earth PE in the absence of the normal current flow, and therefore there is no protection on the ground PE voltage protection for each device connected to chassis ground PE load equipment will not produce electromagnetic interference, it is suitable for applications where communications, data processing and sophisticated electronic equipment. TN-S system is disconnected when the protective earth PE, under normal circumstances would not take the load equipment cabinet enclosure protective earth PE devices charged, relatively safe. Note that, TN system comprising TN-S, TN-C and TN-CS three sub-systems, and telecommunications and data center generally used TN-S system. PEN line TN-C system, the role of PE lines and N lines can save a wire. However, TN-C system in three-phase unbalanced load and nonlinear load, its PEN line current flows, so the chassis connected to each load device PEN line will produce electromagnetic interference. TN-C system has the following problems: For single-phase load device, if PEN line is disconnected, the device enclosure will take 220V fault voltage; can not be directly installed GFP (or RCD) protection. TN-CS system in the front section has a characteristic distribution system TN-C system, the distribution system in the back section has a characteristic of TN-S. Past communication bureau station has been widely adopted TN-C, due to the presence of the defect, it is now not permitted. TN-CS system using only in exceptional cases, but special attention should be prohibited in TN-S back again using the TN-C system. Protection TN-S system, mainly overload long, short short delay, instantaneous short circuit, ground fault protection. Where the ground fault protection (GFP) is the short-circuit phase and electrical equipment exposed conductive parts (such as chassis, metal building components, etc.) between between between the phase and neutral line short circuit, phase The short circuit is different. Ground fault current is small, and often can not make the over-current protection of electrical action. Sometimes there will be a ground fault point arc, so it could easily cause a fire hazard. Therefore, GFP ground fault protection is very important.According to NEC requirements, TN system is greater than (equal) 1000A circuit breaker must be used GFP, GFP EU as some countries have mandatory requirements. In recent years, China's telecommunications and data centers in low voltage distribution systems engineering, GFP important switches are required to have ground fault protection. Therefore, as described below, during the mains and generator conversion circuit design, special attention should be compatible with GFP issues. 3 mains and standby generator set conversion circuit

Mains power supply and standby generator set conversion circuit, there is a 3-pole 4-pole ATS ATS and the use of two types of converter circuit. 3.1 using 3-pole switching circuit ATS The traditional mains and generator conversion circuit uses 3-pole ATS, carried only three phase conversion, without neutral conversion. Mains and generator sets are common neutral wire (both fixed neutral connected together). 3-pole ATS converter circuit neutral line during the conversion process without interruption phenomenon. According to different positions of the generator neutral to ground, using the three-pole switching circuit ATS following two. (1) generator neutral grounding through the neutral electricity conversion circuit Figure 1 shows a conventional 3-pole ATS using the conversion circuit of the generator is connected to the mains neutral line and the neutral line is grounded cabinet mains line.Neutral turbine generator is not grounded in place, stand by generators cabinet PE ground wire in the mains line. In this conversion circuit, because the power system neutral mains only a grounding line counters for detecting ground faults are safe and reliable. In the case of mains supply, if the ground fault occurs, the ground fault protection apparatus (GFP) will correctly detect ground fault currents, send a signal to switch off the mains line. It should be noted, Figure 1 is a three-pole circuit ATS correct when, in the past long-term use, under normal circumstances is ideal. However, with the demand for the power circuit ground-fault protection, three-pole switching circuit of Figure 1 ATS revealed some disadvantages, for example: because the generator is not grounded neutral of the generator, the generator side of the ground fault can not be achieved Detection (Note: Currently the generator output breaker is generally no ground fault protection, but when there is a ground fault alarm, so the need for ground fault detection). Of particular note is that if there are multiple power supply system switch, neutral current may cause a diversion, so that ground fault detection errors, resulting in the absence of ground-fault circuit breaker tripping ground fault exception. Shown in Figure 2, when the mains supply, the neutral current in the line between the generator and the mains power distribution line current flowing through the neutral electrode 3 are part of the ATS-2 back through the neutral mains mains, and the rest neutral line current will flow to the generator, and by another switch (3-pole ATS-1) returns the mains supply. Because it is not part of the current detection circuit after GFP-2, is considered a ground fault current, a ground fault may cause the circuit breaker K2 when no ground fault trip exception.

Figure 1 using 3-pole ATS Mains and generator conversion circuit (generator neutral line through the mains line counters ground)

Figure 2 has (split neutral current situation when the mains power supply) more than 3-pole transfer switch converter circuit (2) in the generator neutral is grounded generator switching circuit Figure 3 shows a 3-pole ATS, the generator neutral to ground separately at the generator converter circuit. Drawn by the generator neutral neutral neutral mains connection, base and neutral turbine generator connected and grounded in place. In this conversion circuit, the mains electricity system neutral line in cabinets and two ground generator can cause neutral current and earth fault current shunt, affecting the normal operation of ground-fault protection device.

Figure 3 uses 3-pole ATS mains and generator conversion circuit (generator neutral grounding the generator independent Office) Figure 4 shows a case in the case of mains power supply when a ground fault occurs, the fault current shunt IGF. IGF in part from the failure point by point to the generator neutral PE lines, generators and public neutral neutral neutral point N to return mains, which were not detected by GFP. This may cause a ground fault when a ground fault protection device tripping. Figure 5 illustrates another problem of this converter circuit: the neutral current IN is bypassed. As shown, IN part by the common neutral line, neutral and ground wire turbine generator return mains. This will likely GFP detector erroneous detection of the fault current, resulting in the absence of ground-fault protection device malfunction ground.

Figure 4 with 3-pole ATS (independent generator neutral grounding) ground fault current shunt case

Figure 5 uses case 3 pole ATS (independent generator neutral grounding) neutral current shunt 3.2 using 4-pole ATS converter circuit As mentioned earlier, the traditional mains / generator conversion circuit uses 3-pole ATS, is not neutral line converter circuit, neutral regardless of where the generator neutral grounding, electricity and generators are permanently attached. So we had a ground fault current and neutral current shunt phenomenon, leading to a ground fault current detection error. Obviously, in order to avoid the above problems, the conversion should be neutral, so that the mains and generator sets completely isolated. Conversion neutral mains and generator conversion circuit using 4-pole ATS. JGJ/T16-2008 "civil electrical design specifications," states: normal switch between power supply and standby generators should be used 4-pole switch; dual power switch with ground fault protection should be used 4pole switch. 4-pole transfer switch ATS has two neutral disconnect switch and neutral contacts overlapping conversion. (A) using 4-pole disconnection neutral switching circuit ATS ATS in a 4-pole circuit of Figure 6, in addition to the three phase converter, the converter also uses a fourth neutral pole. Achieve a complete isolation of mains and generator. Neutral and base of the independent generators in the generator grounding, not connected to the mains neutral. Thus, the generator is an "independent system." The ground fault detection circuit eliminates the errors and exceptions breaker tripping due more neutral grounding caused (Figure 4, Figure 5). In addition, the generator output can be the ground fault detection and alarms. Neutral disconnect 4-pole ATS a "make before break" approach to conversion, the conversion process, the middle two are not connected to power ground together, do not cause ground fault detection errors. Neutral pole and phase converter to convert the very same action to prevent the presence of inductive loads, if the neutral pole pole disconnect in the first phase, the neutral line and arc produce high voltage transients, touch head corrosion phenomenon. Some four-pole ATS neutral with respect to the design phase, and finally disconnected, the first closure; generate voltage transients compared with the so-called neutral line "after the first-points" to reduce the conversion neutral possibilities. This same structure as neutral pole switch with a phase electrode structure, i.e. the neutral line of contact and the contact with the same current capacity. However, this conversion circuit during the conversion process is still neutral instantaneous disconnection phenomenon.

Figure 6 using 4-pole ATS conversion circuit (neutral line break before make) (2) using the neutral pole contacts ATS overlapping switching circuit 4 Another way to isolate the mains and generator power, is the use of overlapping neutral contacts with a 4-pole ATS. This switch in the conversion process, the neutral mains and generator are connected in the circuit overlap, that "before-break" approach to neutral conversion. Or "neutral overlap conversion." Figure 7 shows that when switching from mains to the generator, first connect the neutral of the generator, and then convert three-phase line, then disconnect the mains neutral line, and finally, ATS 4-pole switch with generator power connection. Vice versa, the neutral line that loads the conversion process while connected to the mains and generator neutral, the only connection to the mains or generator power after a neutral conversion to achieve the mains and generator The neutral wire is completely isolated.This circuit, since the conversion process has not disconnect the neutral line, the conversion will not generate an exception and arc voltage transients, thus neutral arcing contacts will not corrode. This benefit when there is a large inductive load is particularly evident. This ATS neutral line contact opening distance is small, the contact pressure is not high, is not equipped with interrupters, contact materials and neutral phase contact materials are not the same. Overlapping neutral contacts capacity is generally little more than can be converted to phase line, so more economical. Thus, the switch is sometimes referred to as an overlap of three neutral pole contacts ATS. Disadvantages conversion circuit 7 is neutral during the conversion period of two power supplies are connected together during the conversion circuit is equivalent to the three-pole switching circuit ATS (FIG. 3), the neutral line current shunt phenomena may cause detection errors and a ground-fault current circuit breaker tripping abnormal (Figure 4, Figure 5). For this reason, the response time can be adjusted appropriately ground fault protection device, escaped two power conversion neutral overlap interval.

Time: 2012-10-30 Source: Power Online Author:

Figure 7 uses overlapping neutral contacts with four pole switch switching circuit 3.3 Performance analysis using a 3-pole and 4-pole ATS ATS conversion circuit In summary, the current telecommunications and data centers in low-voltage distribution circuits, the use of mains / generator set conversion circuits are mainly four kinds, these four performance converter circuit is shown in table 1. Table 1 Various properties of the converter circuit Sequence No impact on GFP conversion circuit converts the neutral line interrupted the performance evaluation process 13-pole ATS (generator neutral grounding via the mains neutral) in Figure 1. ATS in the case of two or more impact. No system in only one of the ATS is an ideal converter circuit. 23-pole ATS (independent generator neutral grounding the generator at) Figure 3. Seriously affected. No electricity at the mains neutral line counters and generators two grounded violation TN-S system requirements. 34-pole ATS (neutral line break before make the conversion) Figure 6. No effect. There are neutral interrupt the conversion process, the load on the downstream impact. 44-pole ATS (neutral-before-break conversion or overlapping neutral conversion) Figure 7.In the period of overlap between the neutral line impact, but can be resolved by adjusting the operating time of GFP. Without interruption for GFP and had no effect on the neutral line, is an ideal converter circuit. Figure 3 pole ATS 1 conversion circuit ATS in only one occasion, is an ideal converter circuit. Figure 3-pole ATS 3 conversion circuit, electricity transformers and generators in two grounding, would inevitably lead to a ground fault current and neutral current shunt, resulting in ground fault protection exception. This circuit is occasionally seen in the project, but are design or construction errors, low pressure in the mains switch into the line where the use of ground fault protection, should be avoided conversion circuit in Figure 3. Figure 4 and Figure 7 ATS 6 pole switching circuit to solve the three-pole changeover switch circuit of influence ground-fault protection apparatus, in recent years increasing applications. However, due to the different uses of neutral conversion program, the remaining neutral in the conversion process interruption issues deserve attention and research, be used with caution. Conversion circuit of Figure 6 has a neutral line interruptions, in particular downstream of the UPS has a serious impact on the circuit. Conversion circuit in Figure 7 is neutral on overlapping GFP device during impact, thus requiring neutral overlap time not too long, but the response time should be properly adjusted the GFP. The following discussion focuses UPS 4-pole ATS conversion process caused by input power interruption neutral impact on UPS and solutions. 4 Input power interruption neutral impact on the UPS 4.1 UPS and neutral grounding system benchmarks UPS load connected to its AC power supply is concerned, for the purposes of a mains load.In other words, UPS involves two low voltage power supply systems, namely upstream and downstream supply system power supply system. Upstream of the grounding system refers to a low-voltage mains input UPS grounding system, grounding system is the low pressure downstream of the grounding system UPS output to the critical load. UPS for telecom and data centers, computer systems, and its upstream and downstream of the grounding system shall be used for TN-S system. As mentioned above, TN-S system is the ideal low-ground telecommunications systems, communications bureau (station) are used in low voltage distribution systems TN-S system, that is installed upstream of the UPS communication bureau station grounding system must be TN-S system. Downstream of the UPS for critical loads ICT (information and communication technology equipment) power supply should also be using TN-S system. Figure 8 is currently widely used, there is an output transformer circuit diagram of double conversion UPS. As shown, UPS upstream grounding system for TN-S, UPS system is also grounded downstream TN-S. UPS's main input and bypass input by the secondary side of the Y-connection, neutral grounding transformer mains supply, UPS output neutral line and load neutral wire connected to mains fixed

Figure 8 UPS transformer grounding system Neutral neutral power supply, mains connection at low pressure into the line cabinet to the ground pole. Therefore, the output power of the neutral line UPS is not an independent ground, but through the power of the upstream neutral ground. UPS output neutral line that is generated by the output transformer, and the neutral line basis (ground) is obtained from the neutral line of the mains. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a transformerless UPS connected to the neutral mains input line and the neutral output of the inverter neutral point (i.e., the center of the battery) is connected, the other can be completely the same as in Figure 8. Thus, UPS also through neutral mains neutral grounded.

Figure 9 transformerless UPS Ground Systems UPS neutral reference input from the mains power supply is neutral to obtain a more economical method, but UPS neutral benchmark input-dependent neutral line on the basis of the power mains. When the UPS upstream power conversion using neutral before break 4-pole ATS, or low pressure line upstream of the UPS cabinet and UPS AC input distribution panel using 4-pole circuit breakers, it may cause the UPS system neutral benchmark disconnect leading UPS and load equipment is not working. 4.2 UPS input neutral disconnected Hazard Analysis (1) Disconnect the neutral line for a long time Disconnect the neutral line for a long time, is the normal power supply in case of disconnection of the neutral line for a long time, while the three-phase line is still properly connected and powered, commonly referred to as "off zero." "Off zero" will offset the load side of the neutral point and three-phase voltage imbalance, a lighter load phase voltage increases, a heavier load phase voltage drop, resulting in abnormal working load, and even lead to a single-phase load equipment burned. In addition, the "off zero" harm the UPS has the following aspects. resulting in the need to run a three-phase four-wire power supply rectifiers and other components of anomalies logic circuit causes the reference point is lost UPS In the UPS control circuit, neutral ground reference is used as a reference point UPS logic, if the system is running, disconnect the neutral ground reference will generate transient voltage, resulting in an error detection circuit UPS, For example, UPS mistakenly believe that the output voltage is too high or too low to bypass, or the UPS shutdown. cause EMC / RFI suppression circuit failure

UPS and load equipment in several EMC / RFI suppression circuit is valid only under a predetermined system TN-S, disconnect the reference neutral, the distribution system transients may exceed EMC / RFI suppression capability , thus affecting the normal operation of the UPS. cause UPS input and output of the power supply system from TN-S to IT systems Since the input is disconnected neutral UPS, the UPS output neutral ground will be lost, so the UPS input and output of the power supply system were changed from TN-S to IT systems.This does not comply YD/T5040 "communication power equipment installation engineering design" requirements. In this case, when the load short-circuit or ground fault phase, since the fault current is small, the circuit breaker does not open. Although the first short-circuit fault can continue to turn on the power, but because the original TN-S system is generally no insulation monitoring and alarm devices, so there is a greater potential for harm.

(2) Neutral instantaneous interruption When the UPS upstream mains and generator power conversion using 4-pole break before make ATS, UPS input neutral momentary interruption occurs. Neutral momentary interruption and "off zero" different "neutral and phase 4-pole ATS convert the very same action" phase and neutral line while simultaneously turned off and in the conversion process, so there is no load side neutral point offset and phase voltage imbalance, but will make the UPS input and output neutral ground reference disconnected. Similarly, the "neutral finally disconnected, the first closure of a 4-pole ATS" there are only input and output neutral ground reference UPS disconnect problem. UPS output neutral line is not broken, UPS inverter can still produce neutral, but neutral is not grounded. UPS input and output neutral ground reference disconnected hazards associated with "off zero" on the same UPS harm, refer to the section (1) of the analysis. (3) neutral benchmark disconnect the load equipment hazards Similar situation some important equipment in UPS output load benchmark disconnected neutral impact on the UPS. Basic requirements 4.3 pairs of neutral line UPS IEC/EN62040-1-2 and GB7260-4 clearly states: the UPS output neutral line is dependent on the input supply neutral occasions, should provide the appropriate installation instructions designed to prevent the isolation of the neutral line due to power / conversion caused Basis of interruptions. CEMEP European UPS Guide also clear: Many UPS system uses the input power supply UPS output neutral neutral line as a reference, when the upstream of the UPS power supply isolation or multi-conversion, should pay particular attention to ensure that the input supply neutral benchmark during UPS operation does not disconnect. UPS neutral on the specific requirements and measures are described below. (1) UPS are used upstream and downstream of the TN-S system Enter the fixed mains neutral ground, and only in the transformer (or low pressure line counters at) a ground, UPS power supply system inputs and outputs are TN-S system. (2) UPS input and output neutral neutral connection UPS output neutral and neutral mains input connection and the mains neutral ground. (3) UPS input neutral shall not long off UPS upstream of the low-voltage distribution shall be used for 3-pole branch circuit breakers, circuit breakers upstream of the UPS to ensure that in any state, from a neutral point to the UPS mains neutral line input circuits are not disconnected. (4) UPS input neutral shall not instantaneous disconnection In the case of the power converter upstream of the UPS, the UPS does not allow instantaneous input neutral disconnected. Some UPS output may be used at the output isolation transformer or by means of an output distribution unit (PDU) of the isolation transformer to obtain new and neutral mains isolated, independent grounding of the neutral line. Therefore, to ensure that the UPS output neutral ground reference (ie neutral ground reference input power load devices) will not be interrupted (Figure 10). However, to ensure the normal operation of the UPS itself, still does not allow the UPS input neutral disconnected.

Output isolation transformer 10 by means of independent power generation (SDS) of UPS (5) is prohibited in the UPS output neutral line and the ground (PE) is connected directly It should be noted, does not allow the UPS output of the UPS output neutral wire is connected directly to the grounding or PE line, so although the UPS output neutral line can guarantee a continuous basis, but due to the neutral line TN-S system is multi-point ground, it will lead to more serious fault power supply system. 5 upstream neutral conversion UPS power solutions 5.1 neutral lines overlap converted 4-pole ATS converter circuit With the distribution system for ground fault protection (GFP) have become increasingly demanding, in order to ensure the normal operation of the GFP, multi-power supply must be isolated neutral, using 4-pole ATS has become an inevitable trend. Which overlaps the neutral line conversion circuit converting 4-pole ATS (Figure 7) not only solve the problem on the impact of GFP, without causing neutral interruption. The neutral line break before make the 4-pole ATS (Figure 6) on the UPS and the load equipment operation are still severely affected, has been confirmed by field failures. Thus, in UPS applications, neutral pole overlap convert ATS conversion circuit 4 is the only choice (Figure 11). In addition, the use of ground protection Write distribution systems or GFP, GFP-protection system, but only one occasion ATS, ATS can use three-pole switching circuit of Figure 1.

11 upstream of the neutral line of ATS overlap conversion UPS 5.2 neutral line break before make a 4-pole ATS solution If the UPS has adopted a neutral upstream before break 4-pole ATS conversion circuit (Figure 6), consider the following program. (1) increase the bypass isolation transformer Shown in Figure 12, UPS's main input directly from the secondary side of the Y-connection, the neutral ground of the mains power transformer introduced; bypass input power by another of the same sub-path bypass isolation transformer introduced. Secondary Y-connection is also bypass isolation transformer neutral grounding. Neutral bypass isolation transformer is connected to the UPS output neutral. In fact, UPS output neutral line through the bypass isolation transformer neutral ground. Characteristics of this circuit is below ground. neutral line UPS output neutral line and bypass the transformer connection. Neutral bypass side of the transformer is generated and independent ground through the bypass transformer secondary, this neutral basis is not neutral because the upstream conversion disconnected, and avoid low-voltage distribution systems with other load utility neutral case lines. Which is conducive to control the UPS output neutral to ground voltage (zero voltage) of.

 UPS output neutral and neutral mains input circuit through the bypass line isolation transformer. If the location of UPS devices and bypass the transformer load relatively close distance, can effectively suppress common mode noise, ensure that the UPS output "zero voltage" smaller.

Figure 12 generates the input neutral grounding system the bypass UPS isolation transformer The circuit of Figure 12 applies to a conventional transformer UPS, isolation transformer connected to the bypass circuit is fixed, since only the rectifier 3 phase 3-wire power supply (non-neutral), still powered by the mains transformer, under normal working conditions rectifier - inverter double conversion mode, mains powered directly, there is no reason to increase the bypass transformer increased losses. (2) increase the UPS input transformer Because transformerless UPS rectifier also require 3-phase 4-wire (including neutral) power supply, said isolation transformer must also provide 3-phase 4-wire power to the rectifier and bypass. In fact, for transformerless UPS, need to add an input isolation transformer, the main input and bypass input by the input isolation transformer power supply (see Figure 13).

Time: 2012-10-30 Source: Power Online Author:

Figure 13 generates input with an input isolation transformer neutral grounding system of UPS Explore the possibility of (3) UPS direct access to neutral power interruption In the case of the neutral line before break at 4-pole ATS case, assume that a UPS device input power interruption 100ms ~ 200ms neutral situation does not cause UPS is not working; mains and low voltage distribution systems and generator sets conversion circuit 4-pole ATS products during the conversion time of less than neutral interruption 50ms ~ 60ms. In theory, this situation can be considered direct access to the neutral line of low-voltage distribution system power interruption, subject to verification by the manufacturers and test commitments carefully designed.

It is worth noting that, in the above case, although UPS can operate normally, but the neutral line disruptions phenomenon still exists downstream of the UPS load, which can be output through the use of an isolation transformer (Figure 10) or the use of sophisticated distribution UPS output cabinet isolation transformer to be addressed. That produces a separate grounding isolation transformer neutral by the Deputy edges to form a new TN-S system. 6 Conclusion (1) To ensure that the mains voltage distribution system ground fault protection (GFP) in normal operation, the converter circuit between the mains and standby generators should use 4-pole ATS. (2) In order to ensure the normal operation of ATS downstream UPS devices should be used to convert overlapping neutral (or neutral-before-break conversion) 4-pole ATS. (3) mains input voltage distribution cabinet distribution cabinet and UPS 3-pole circuit breaker should be used (in the case of total equipotential situation, TN-S systems generally do not need to set up a 4-pole switch) to ensure that the UPS input neutral wire is not disconnected. (4) If the UPS inverter circuit between the upstream mains and generator sets, has adopted a neutral line break before make the 4-pole ATS, UPS can be bypassed or input isolation transformer isolation transformer solutions. References [1] IEC / EN 62040-1-2 Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) - Part 1-2: General and safety requirements for UPS used in restricted access locations, 4.9.22 [2] CEMEP European UPS Guide 9-6 isolation of neutral [3] IEC / EN 60950-1 Safety of information technology equipment, Annex V [4] General requirements and safety requirements GB7620-4 uninterruptible power supplies, Part 1-2 for UPS used in restricted access areas of [5] YD/T5040-2005 communication power equipment installation design specifications [6] JGJ/T16-2008 civil electrical design specifications About the Author Liu Xiyu, China Information Technology Designing & Consulting Institute Ltd. Engineering professor, engaged in research and design communication power. Won the National Science and Technology Award, and a number of provincial and ministerial level scientific and technological progress awards and published two volumes of monographs, published more than 70 papers, has participated in the International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC) and published papers. Enjoy government allowances.