JAVA BALI SYSTEM GENERATION AND

TRANSMISSION PLANNING
Singal Sihombing Indra Tjahja
PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur Beban Jawa Bali
Krukut Limo Cinere, PO BOX 159 CNR
Jakarta, 16514

E-mail: s.sihombing@pln-jawa-bali.co.id ; indra@pln-jawa-bali.co.id

R E G IO N
ABSTRACT
Re g 1
Re g 2
Energy growth in Java-Bali for the next 10 years Re g 3

must be supplied by adequate generation and • O p e r a s i d a n P e m e li h a r a a n T r a n sm is i

Reg 4

transmission, in the aim of serving quality to consumer • O p e r a s i Ja r i ng a n ( 1 5 0 kV & 7 0 k V ) B a li

U S EM d a n U B O S
in riliable manner and can be controlled at the level
S L AY A
which has already decide for voltage ± 5 % and B K AS I
C LG ON GN D U L
JJ AW
AW A
A

frequency 50 Hz±0,1 Hz. C IB N G

C B A TU
C R AT A
M A DURA
G R S IK
BD SLN U N G AR
SG L N G

The objective of the generation and transmission P E D AN

S B R AT
G R AT I
UB OS
planning is to minimize oil (Fuel) and transmission • M a n a je m e n E n e r g i
P I TO N
BA L I

• O p e ra s i Ja r i n g a n ( 5 0 0 k V )
investment.This objective is taken due to global fuel price US EM
• S e te lm e n T r a n s a ks i E n e r g i
bring up increasing of production cost and facing of
difficulties to get the right of way.
In this paper introduced how the Java-Bali system Figure-2: Hierarchy control working area
generation and transmission planning in common
practice .
2. INSTALLED CAPACITY GROWTH YEAR
1. INTRODUCTION
2001-2005
Java-Bali power system divided by 4 region from
Java-Bali installed capacity and peak load growth as
the system operation point of view that are : 1.Region
seen at table-1, that peak load growth is 6,6 % in the year
Jakarta and Banten for western part of West
2001 relative to year 2000, and 6,3 % for the year 2002
Java,2.Region Jawa Barat for eastern part of West
relative to year 2001. We noticed that this growth is only
Java,3.Region Jawa Tengah dan DIY for central
3 % at the year 2003, because there are no new power
Java,4.Region Jawa Timur and Bali for east Java and
plant addition at the moment, in other word new
Bali island, as shown in figure-1 and figure-2.
additional power plant still under construction. For this
condition there is a limitation for load growth in order to
SLAYA

CLGON
BLRJA
KMBNG
BKASI
MRTWR
match the power plant capability up to year 2004.
CWANG
CBATU JAWA Normally yearly peak load growth of Java-Bali system is
GNDUL
U
DEPOK
CIBNG

CSKAN
CRATA

SGLNG BDSLN
CRBON TJATI

BABAT
MADURA
5 % to 7 % or we can say base peak load groth is 6 % .
GRSIK
UNGAR PWRDI
SBBRT
SBLTN
Table-1
TSMYA

PITON
Keterangan : KLTEN GRATI
BALI
KDIRI
GITET (Eksisting)
GITET (Rencana) Description 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
SUTET (Eksisting)
SUTET (Rencana)
Installed 18.096 18.096 18.608 19.466 19.466
capacity(MW)
Peak
load(MW) 13.041 13.868 14.282 14.920 15.113
Figure-1: System Jawa Bali
Growth (%) 6,6 6,3 3,0 4,5 -

1/4
More clearly installed capacity for 2005 for each region 9,4 % per year this in accordance with demand from the
is given below : household, industry ,comercial with the constraint first
priority reliable system operation. Reliable operation can
Table-2.Installed capacity in region 2005 be fulfile with the generation reserve margin 30 % from
Description Region - 1 Region - 2 Region - 3 Region - 4 the installed capacity every year.
Installed Capacity (MW) 7,811.0 2,865.0 1,754.0 6,656.0
Generation expansion is based on existing
Peak Load ( MW ) 6,850.0 2,666.9 2,336.0 3,262.0 installed capacity, ongoing project and committed
Distribution Transformer (MVA)
150/20 kV 14,589.0 4,475.0 4,413.0 6,190.0
project.Generation expansion policy is based on the
70/20 kV 1,306.0 1,060.0 - 1,067.0 generation mix scenario between coal and natural gas.
500/150 kV 7,500.0 4,666.0 2,166.0 4,000.0
150/70 kV 1,212.0 1,320.0 - 1,382.0 The objective for the Generation expansion to meet the
T/L 500 kV (Kms)
T/L 150 kV (Kms)
1,172.7
2,119.3
1,206.1
1,930.5
973.0
3,606.0
1,649.0
3,944.5
demand at every condition throughout the year with
T/L 70 kV (Kms) 838.5 1,562.8 - 1,706.0 Reserved Margin policy 30 % consist of :
- Generation Maintenance
From this data we planed generation and transmission - Seasonal Variation
according to the energy demand and subject to policy and – Derating because many of our power plant has already
assumption given by PLN Pusat. in operation for 20 to 30 years.
- FOR
3. PLANNING ASSUMPTION Anad spinning reserved for daily operation at least 1
biggest unit (600 MW) during peak load The Expansion
of new Fuel Oil power plant only for small scale system
Starting from the National economic growth and or for serving rural electricity.
announced by government and elasticity ratio decided by If expansion is really needed and can only
PLN we do the energy consumption forecast and new fulfilled by Fuel Oil power plant it is implemented by
additional power plant, transmission and substation rent (We do not invested) this means that PLN will not
according to the policy of PLN and energy growth built new fuel oil power plant anymore.
depend on each region condition. We can say that the
policy come from government and PLN (Top Down) and
energy consumption forecast, new power plant, 3.3.TRANSMISSION
transmission and substation indicated by each region
(Bottom Up).
Transmission growth is based on the existing
installed capacity , ongoing project and committed
3.1.ENERGY project. Policy for transmission expansion is to make a
balance between generation and energy and load growth
in each region , and also to solve bottleneck and
Distribution energy planning with assumption peak increased system reliability.
load growth average for Distribution DKI Jaya & Policy to built new substation (500 kV, 150 kV
Tangerang 7,8 % per year, Distribution Jawa Barat 10,6 and 70 kV) is with the concept of unman substation . The
% per year , Distribution Jawa Tengah and DI objective of Transmission and substation expansion to
Yogyakarta 8,6 % per year, Distribution Jawa Timur 8,4 meet transfer power from source to demand side
% per year and Distribution Bali 11,9 % per year. Also good quality and security of electric power must be
obtained
And also the investment should be minimum.
3.2.GENERATION Transmission expansion for Java-Bali system is
based on the assumption average peak load growth 9,4 %
Generation expansion is based on the scenario high per year with the criteria maximum transformer and
growth with the priority to solve supply electricity crisis , substation loading which is permited 70 % from th
increased reserve capacity and fulfill reserve margin. capacity. For Java-Bali system , maximum transformer
Generation expansion can be done with built own capacity for one substation is 180 MVA (3x60 MVA) for
generator, Independent Power Producer (IPP) or buy 150 kV and 90 MVA (3x30MVA) for 70 kV. For
excess power from captive generator but it will not transmission lines capacity is according to the system
caused reduce Capacity Factor and increased generation need and fulfilled criteria single contingency N-1.
cost.
Generation expansion is decided from average 4. PLANNING APPROACH
energy sales growth 9,7 % per year and peak load growth

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 Planning process is started with collecting existing 12 TWh, Dist Jawa Timur 19 TWh , Bali 2 TWh .Total
network data and ongoing project, after that demand energy consumption for system Jawa Bali 2005 is 91
forecast is calculated as a result capacity balance of TWh in 2006 energy consumption is 98 TWh . Growth
substation. And from this result it can be produced between year 2005 to 2006 is below 9% this is because
generation expansion plan based on reliability security delay in the operation of new power plant and associated
criteria N-1 dan voltage regulation : 0,95 – 1,05 and transmission.
network analysis load flow, short circuit, transient Beginning on 2006 up to 2015 energy growth meet the
stability. elasticity and economic growth.
Network analysis will give a result on subtation
and transmission expansion and form this expansion list 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

we maka an investment program. DISTRIBUTION (TWh) 1000

In the investment programs it contained list of Jaya & Tangerang (TWh) 28.92 27.99 30.02 32.44 35.28 38.36 41.73 45.39 49.37 53.71 58.43

Jawa-Barat (TWh) 31.63 33.82 37.04 40.90 45.55 50.71 56.45 62.84 69.96 77.87 86.67
project proposal and it must be follow up with decision
Jawa-Tengah (TWh) 12.83 13.31 14.34 15.56 17.01 18.59 20.33 22.22 24.28 26.54 28.95
funding scheme for implementation of the project . Jawa-Timur (TWh) 19.35 20.08 21.64 23.49 25.71 28.12 30.84 33.74 36.99 40.56 44.45
Planning procedure in Java-Bali system is done by Bali (TWh) 2.32 2.49 2.79 3.14 3.56 4.04 4.59 5.21 5.91 6.71 7.61
preparing planning forum with BAPEDA (Regional Total (TWh) 95.05 97.69 105.83 115.52 127.10 139.83 153.93 169.40 186.51 205.38 226.12

Planning Authority), Industry ,PLN Distribution, PLN Growht % 5.10 2.8 8.3 9.2 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.1

Regional , as a result from this forum it produced Load Factor % 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73

Peak Load System MW 15,319 16,448 17,799 19,410 21,334 23,447 25,784 28,346 31,177 34,296 37,720
Longterm load forecast .
Growht % 2.7 7.4 8.2 9.1 9.9 9.9 10.0 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.0
Dengan mempertimbangkan economy dan
reliability maka hasil dari longterm load forecast
menghasilkan capacity balance juga pengembangan
sistem tranmisi dan pembangkit.
Hasil dari pengembangan sistem adalah expansion
generation , transmission dan distribution transformer. Power Balance System Jawa Bali
Kemudian pengembangan dari sistem investasi dilakukan Year 2005 - 2014
dengan pencarian dana yaitu dari IBRD, ADB,
JBIC,KE,APLN. As the results of this policy we get the need of power
plant as shown this table
PLANNINGNAPPROACH
Power Transmission Expantion Process
We see in here is about 3000 MW every year
From table generation energy production give the result
Network Data
- Existing
- Ongoing
of generation expansion for Jawa Bali system from
generation installed capacity 2005 is 18.096 MW the
GENERATION CRITERIA : capacity will be increased on 2015 with 44.911 MW.
EXPANSION PLAN - Reliability Security N-1
- Voltage Regulation : 0.95 – 1.05 pu As we see here to meet this demand we have to built in
- Load Flow Analysis
average 3.000 MW new power plant every year in Jawa
DEMAND
NETWORK ANALYSIS - Short Circuit Analysis
- Transient Stability Analysis Bali system and as the consequence of generation
FORECAST expansion , we need also expand transmission and
New S/S
substation.
CAPACITY INVESTMEN
BALANCE of S/S PROGRAM
New S/S
&
- Max Loading : 70 % Extention
The peak load in 2006 is 16,4 GW and will be increased
on 2015 is about 38 GW that will need generation
PROJECT
PROPOSAL
FUNDING expansion per year with reserve margin 30% and
spinning reserve policy 1 biggest unit.
The generation also will transfer in 2005 is 100,8 TWh
up to 236,8 TWh on 2015.
5. JAVA-BALI SYSTEM FOR THE NEXT 2006-
2015

Energy Consumption 2005-2015

DESC. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

GENRATION 1000

Gross (TWh) 97.04 104.30 112.98 123.33 135.69 149.29 164.34 180.85 199.12 219.27 241.41
According to that assumption we know the energy up to Growht (% ) 1.09 7.48 8.33 9.16 10.02 10.02 10.08 10.05 10.10 10.12 10.10
2015 as shown in this table Distribusi Jaya 26 TWh,
Aux. S/S (TWh) 3.88 4.17 4.52 4.93 5.43 5.97 6.57 7.23 7.96 8.77 9.66
Distribusi Jawa Barat 31 TWh ,Distribusi Jawa Tengah
TRANSMISSION

Nett. (TWh) 93.16 100.12 108.46 118.40 130.27 143.32 157.77 173.62 191.15 210.50 231.75

Trans. Losses (TWh) 2.19 2.35 2.55 2.78 3.06 3.37 3.71 4.08 4.49 3/4
4.95 5.45
 We can summaries Generation and Transmission
planning , first we study the installed capacity condition
according to the energy consumption forecast , the check
MW the system generation to meet the demand load with
50000
spinning reserve 1 biggest unit , check all the system to
45000
44911
supply energy consumption of Jawa Bali system. We
40911 minimise the investment cost to make regional balance.
40000
37411
36900
Installed Capacity
35000 34311
33435
35432 Reference:
31111 32131
30515
30000 28651

Load Supply Capability

26181
28027 29142
[1] PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur
25456
25000
22236
23481 23404 23986
26443
Beban Jawa Bali, Rencana Umum Penyediaan
20000 19466 19966 19090
21343
21770 Tenaga Listrik Tahun 2006 - 2015 Sistem Tenaga
18608 19757
18096

15741 16158
18052

16652
18072
Peak Listrik Jawa Bali, Jakarta 2005.
15025
15000 14198 15463
14920
14178
13859
13041

10000
[2] PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur
Beban Jawa Bali, Projected Assessment of System
5000
Adequacy, Jakarta, 2004.
0
### 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
[3] PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur
Beban Jawa Bali, Tinjauan Sistem Tenaga Listrik
Jawa Bali tahun 2005 - 2009, Jakarta, 2004.
TRANSMISSION EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015
[4] PT PLN (Persero) Pusat, Rencana Usaha Penyediaan
We have to built T/L and S/S in Jawa Bali system , 500 Tenaga Listrik 2006-2015 Sistem Kelistrikan Jawa
kV need 1.041 km in 2006 , we have many new T/L Bali tahun , Jakarta, 2005.
route to built which must be in operation on 2004, 2005
but until now not yet in operation because many social
problem.
Transformer expansion we expect in 2006, 500/150 kV Biography:
Interbus Transformer 4.000 MVA and 150/70 kV 420 Ir.Singal Sihombing born in Tapanuli Graduated from Sekolah Tinggi
MVA will be in operation. No 70 kV transformer it Teknik Nasional, Cikini Raya, Jakarta. Currently working in PT PLN
means we did not expand 70 kV system. (Persero) P3B Jawa Bali as Manager of System Planning.
In the distribution site the transformer expansion for the Ir. Indra Tjahja, M.Sc. born in Salatiga. Graduated S1 from Jurusan
next 10 year average 5.893 MVA per year. Teknik Elektro Institut Teknologi Bandung and S2 di University
Manchester Institute of Technology, Inggris. Currently working in PT
PLN (Persero) P3B Jawa Bali Kantor Induk in Planning Department as
All the new generation built connect to 500 kV Deputi Manager for System Planning.
subsystem.
Substation expansion in 2006 is dominated for 150 kV
s/s , in 70 kV system will not be expand.
TRANSMISSION EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015
(kms)
2005
TRANSMISSION 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Exist.
500 kV 851 861 178 280 250 110 920 356 - - 444
150 kV 13,273 2,020 1,280 207 995 222 355 438 210 316 141
70 kV 397 702 58 - 218 64 - 26 22 172 30

TRANSFORMER EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015

(MVA)
2005
TRANSFORMER 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Exist.
500/150 kV 15,500 3,498 3,000 - 1,000 500 2,500 2,000 2,000 1,500 3,000
150/70 kV 3,417 351 120 - - - - - - - -
150/20 kV 22,662 7,570 2,190 2,160 3,030 2,490 3,180 3,150 2,850 2,910 1,650
70/20 kV 2,941 960 80 60 90 160 190 150 150 30 200

SUBSTATION EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015

(Unit)
2005
SUBSTATION 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Exist.
500 kV 18 6 0 2 3 3 2 5 3 5 3
150 kV 272 15 18 6 12 8 6 10 4 5 2
TOTAL 88 21 18 8 15 11 8 15 7 10 5

6. SUMMARY

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