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Code: 9A23703 B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING (Biotechnology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 2 Elaborate on the different process design criteria for various classes of bio products. With a neat diagram explain the principle of extraction in the case of bio-separation of a product. Derive the basic filtration equation for a constant pressure filtration, and derive the basic constants of it. What are the general methods of membrane manufacturing? Highlight on sol-gel preparation and preparation of ion exchange membranes. Explain in detail about a typical liquid-liquid extraction process with a neat process flow diagram. Write a detailed note on the: (a) Principle and theory behind electrophoresis. (b) Industrial application of electrophoresis. Detail on the following: (a) Chromatography. (b) Differentiate a mobile phase and a stationary phase. (c) Relation between retention time and retention volume. (d) Exclusion limit. With a neat process flow diagram explain the process of production of citric acid, highlight on the unit operations involved in the manufacture of the same. *****

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Code: 9A23703 B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING (Biotechnology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 2 Elaborate on the various process design criterion for different classes of bio products. (a) Elaborate on supercritical fluid extraction. (b) What is extraction coefficient? A 30 ml sample of broth from penicillin fermentation is filtered in the laboratory on a 3 cm2 filter at a pressure drop of 5 psi. The filtration time is 4.5 min. Previous studies have shown that filter cake of penicilium chrysogenum is significantly compressible with s = 0.45. If 500 liter broth from a pilot scale fermenter must be filtered in 1 hour, what is the size of filter required if the pressure drop is 10 psi? Resistance due to filter medium is negligible. What are the common membrane modules? With simple schematic diagram, explain the same, detailing the characterization of four of the modules. What separation process would you suggest to separate azeotropes and other mixtures that have key components with a relativity below about 1.1 over an appreciable range of concentration? Justify your answer. (a) Differentiate gel electrophoresis from 2D gel electrophoresis. (b) Equipments used for electrophoresis. Define the term chromatography column dynamics. Explain the plate model for a series of well mixed tanks at equilibrium. Explain the principle of crystallization, highlight on its types and its industrial application. *****

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Code: 9A23703 B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING (Biotechnology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 Explain in detail about the broad classification of bio-products with examples. 2 Explain in detail about the super critical fluid extraction process. Highlight the industrial application of the same. Data for a laboratory filtration of calcium carbonate slurry in water at 298.2 K are reported as follows at a constant pressure of 338 kN/m3. The filter area of the palte and frame filter press was A = 0.0439 m3 and the slurry concentration was cs = 23.47 kg/m3. Calculate the constants and Rm from the experimental data given, where t is time in seconds and V is volume in m3. Si.no t V 1 4.4 0.498 x 10-3 2 9.5 1.000 x 10-3 3 16.3 1.501 x 10-3 4 24.6 2.000 x 10-3 5 34.7 2.498 x 10-3 6 46.1 3.002 x 10-3 7 59.0 3.506 x 10-3 8 73.6 4.004 x 10-3 9 89.4 4.502 x 10-3 10 107.3 5.009 x 10-3 Classify membrane processes, what are the advantages and disadvantages of the same. List out the major applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, food and dairy industries. What are the various enrichment operations involved in chemical and biochemical industries? Explain the principle and working of a super critical extraction process. Write a detailed on: Gel electrophoresis. Preparative electrophoresis. Detail on the following: Planar chromatography. Write the relation existing between retention time and retention volume. Exclusion limit. What is foam separation? Detail on the principle. Differentiate foam separation, flocculation and coagulation. *****

6 (a) (b) 7 (a) (b) (c) 8

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Code: 9A23703 B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING (Biotechnology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 2 (a) (b) (c) 3 4 Describe the basic principles involved in engineering analysis of a bio-product. Detail on: Partition coefficient. Centrifugal elutriation. Aqueous two phase extraction. Explain the principle and working of a top suspended centrifuge with a schematic diagram. Detail on the general classification of synthetic membranes. Highlight on the characteristics and applications of ion exchange membranes. Describe on the general design considerations of a liquid-liquid extractor. Also, list out the basic requirement of an ideal solvent used in aqueous two phase extraction. Write a detailed note on: SDS page. Pulse field electrophoresis. A pilot scale gel chromatography column packed with sephacryl resin is used to separate two hormones A and B. The column is 5 cm in diameter and 0.03 m high. The void volume is 1.9 x 10-4 m3. The water regain value of the gel is 3 x 10-3 m3 kg-1 dry sephacryl. The density of wet gel is 1.25 x 103 kg/m3. The partition coefficient of the hormone A is 0.38 and for hormone B is 0.15. If the elutant flow rate is 0.71 hour-1 What is the retention time for each hormone? With a neat process flow diagram explain the unit operations involved in the manufacture of penicillin. *****

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