SOUTHEAST ASIAN COLLEGE INC

DEPARTMENT OF NURSING

NCM 202 FIRST LONG EXAM

NAME____________________________________ SCORE:_________________
DATE_________________________ SECTION:_______________

Multiple Choice.
Directions: Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your choice on the last page. All answers should be
in capital letters
STRICTLY NO ERASURES.
c. Metaplasia
1. The process of inflammation, involves the d. Hyperplasia
following, except:
a. Attraction of leukocytes to the site of injury 7. In athletes, the increase in muscle mass is
b. Inhibition of chemical mediators largely due to_______________.
c. Exudation of fluid from vessels a. Hypertrophy ]
d. Restoration of injured tissue to its normal b. metaplasia
structure and function c. Atrophy
d. anaplasia
2. A nursing student sustained multiple
lacerations on her arm, knowing the phases 8. In most instances, metaplasia is the result
of cell migration to the site of injury, which of of _____________________
the following inflammatory cells is first to a. chronic irritation
appear after injury? b. developmental defect
a. Neutrophils c. somatic mutation
b. Eosinophils d. viral infection
c. Platelets
d. macrophages 9. The two primary afferent nociceptors
respond maximally to_______________
3. Stimuli which are not very severe may lead a. intense painful stimuli
to an altered steady state of the cell in the b. light touch
form of; c. moving stimuli
d. vibration
a. Chronic inflammation
b. Hypersensitivity
10. Which nociceptor is responsible for second
c. Acute inflammation pain?
d. Cellular adaptation a. A- beta fibers
b. A-delta fibers
4. Chronic inflammation may be brought about c. C- fibers
by the following conditions except one; d. All of the above
a. Autoimmune disease
b. Persistent infection 11. Patients having non-pharmacologic/
c. Prolonged exposure to toxic agents alternative pain interventions for pain (eg.
d. no exception Aromatherapy, reflexology) benefit from this
modality mainly because of its__________
5. Which of the following cells is considered to a. proven effectiveness
be the most important cell/s in chronic b. placebo effect
inflammation? c. both a and b
a. Lymphocytes d. neither of the above
b. eosinophils
c. Neutrophils 12. Having been recently hired as an
d. macrophages emergency room (ER) nurse you came
across a patient experiencing bouts of
abdominal pain, as a nurse what will be
6. An increase of tissue volume due to your role in this case?
addition of new cells is____________. a. Relieve pain by administering pain relieving
a. Anaplasia interventions
b. dysplasia
b. Monitor adverse effects of the a. Antigen
pharmacologic agent administered b. Interferon
c. Assess the effectiveness of the treatment c. Lysozyme
d. All of the above d. tears

13. A staff nurse was suddenly summoned by 20. Liver macrophages are also known
the attending physician of a patient having as_____________.
cancer-related pain, because the patient a. Kupffer cells
exhibited signs of difficulty of breathing. b. Osteoclasts
What could be the pharmacologic agent c. Langerhan’s cells
responsible for this effect? d. Microglial cells
a. NSAIDS
b. Opioids 21. Which is correct regarding pain transmission?
c. COX inhibitors
d. None of the above a. Prolonged stimuli + injury activation
of nociceptors and release of substance
14. Which of the following pharmacologic P signals enter the ventral root of
agents used in pain management, causes spinal cordsends fibers via the lateral
gastrointestinal distress? spinothalamic tract thalamus
a. Opioids b. Prolonged stimuli + injury inhibition of
b. NSAIDS nociceptor and neurotransmitter release
c. COX inhibitors
 signals enter the dorsal root of the
d. All of the above
spinal cord sends fibers via the lateral
15. A patient in the ER gave a history of spinothalamic tract hypothalamus
periumbilical pain migrating to the right c. Prolonged stimuli + injury activation
lower abdominal quadrant minutes before of nociceptors and release of substance
coming to the hospital. The pain P signals enter the dorsal root of the
experienced by the patient is classified spinal cord sends fibers via the lateral
as______________ spinothalamic tract thalamus
a. acute pain d. All is correct
b. chronic pain
c. referred pain 22.Which of the following cells are responsible
d. a and c for the production of immunoglobulins?
a. B-cells
b. T-cells
16. Which of the following is considered to be c. Natural killer cells
the neurotransmitter responsible for d. Monocytes
transmitting pain?
a. serotonin 23.A pregnant mother on her last trimester was
b. acetylcholine given Tetanus toxoid injection, which type of
c. substance P immunity is conferred to the baby?
d. GABA a. Active acquired immunity
b. Passive acquired immunity
17. The following are causes of cellular injury, c. Natural immunity
except: d. None of the above
a. hypoxia
b. nutritional imbalance 24.Which type of immunoglobulin is able to pass
c. infection through the placenta?
d. none of the above a. IgA c. IgG
b. IgM d. IgE
18. __________________ is a study of
disordered function of the human body. 25.A nurrse was ordered to do a Tuberculin test,
a. Pathophysiology what type of hypersensitivity does a positive
b. Pathology reaction to tuberculin fall?
c. Both is correct a. cell-mediated
d. Neither is correct b. anaphylactic
c. Ab mediated
19. A patient was diagnosed to have Hepatitis A d. Immune complex
infection, which of the following chemical
barrier/substance is produced by the body 26.The following are characteristics of pain
in response to this kind of infection? except one;
a. Intensity d. Immunity
b. Timing
c. Location 34.Which type of Immunoglobulin is
d. No exception predominantly found in body fluids, including
colostrums?
27.The following are accepted routes of a. IgA
administration for pharmacologic agents against b. IgM
pain; c. IgD
a. Parenteral d. IgE
b. Enteral
c. Transdermal 35. A staff nurse appointed at the out-patient
d. All of the above department encountered a patient on follow-up
check up for acute parotitis, this kind of infection
28.________________ are plasma proteins would lead to what type of immunity?
produced by the body in response to an invading a. Active passive immunity
foreign agent. b. Active acquired immunity
a. Immunoglobulin c. Antibody c. natural immunity
b. Antigen d. a and c d. hypersensitivity

29.As a staff nurse, before giving pharmacologic

agents against pain, what are the necessary 36. The following may cause atrophy, except;
premedication assessment: a. decrease in use
a. A thorough medical history, including history b. Malnutrition
of allergies c. decrease in blood supply
b. Reassessing the pain status of the patient d. no exception
c. Both is correct
d. Neither is correct 37. Which among the following is considered a
natural type of immunity;
30.The primary afferent nociceptors are found a. Vaccination with tetanus toxoid
in___________________ b. Acidic environment of vagina
a. skin c. Immunization with immunoglobulins
b. deep somatic and visceral organs d. Ab formation after mumps infection
c. both is correct
d. none is correct 38. Which of the following pain categories and
their example is correctly matched?
31.During inflammation DOLOR is due a. Location: post-herpetic neuralgia
to__________________ b. Pain as to onset or duration- osteoarthritis
a. vascular dilatation and release of chemical c. Etiology- chest pain
mediators d. none is correct
b. increased pressure exerted by the
accumulation of interstitial fluid and to 39. Which of the following is not a factor affecting
mediators such as bradykinin pain response?
c. increased blood flow to the site of a. age
inflammation b. Gender
d. all of the above c. Past pain experiences
d. all is correct

32. Lesser gastrointestinal tract irritation is an 40. Which of the following is a type of instrument
advantage of which pharmacologic agent against used for assessing pain status of a patient?
pain? a. Audio analogue scale
a. Cyclooxygenase pathway inhibitors b. both is correct
b. Opioids c. Faces pain scale
c. NSAIDS d. none is correct
d. all of the above
41. Cellular injury can be caused by the
33._________________ is a defensive reaction following, except;
intended to control, neutralize or even eliminate a. 10° C or less
invading foreign agents and prepare the site of b. Excess Vitamin A
injury for repair. c. Lye
a. Tissue injury d. No exception
b. inflammation
c. Hypersensitivity
42. Which among the following is correctly c. electrolyte imbalance
matched, except; d. both are correct
a. TB: caseous necrosis
b. SLE: fibrinoid necrosis 51. Which among the following is not a
c. Breast Cancer: Enzymatic fat necrosis granulocyte?
d. All is correct a. Monocyte
b. Eosinophils
43. Which among the following cells produce c. Neutrophils
histamine? d. Basophils
a. Macrophages
b. platelets 52. Which among the following WBC increases
c. lymphocytes during allergic and parasitic infections?
d. Mast cells a. Mast cells
b. lymphocytes
44. Which among the following chemical c. Eosinophils
mediators produce, vasoconstriction, and d. none is correct
bronchoconstriction?
a. Interleukin 1 53. Which among the following is not a pain
b. LT C4,D4,E4 mediator, except;
c. Prostaglandin a. Serotonin
d. LTB4 b. Bradykinin
c. Leukotriene
45. Which among the following is the cause of d. Histamine
emaciation/inanition in COPD and in patients with
cancer? 54. Which among the following is not a process
a. TNF in WBC emigration?
b. LTB4 a. Margination
c. PAF b. rolling
d. none is correct c. aggregation
d. pavementing
46. Which among the following is a vascular
response to injury? 55. Which among the following diseases causes
a. Illness granulomatous inflammation?
b. ischemia a. Miliary tuberculosis
c. Chronic inflammation b. Treponemal infection
d. Inflammation c. both are correct
d. neither is correct
47. Which among the following substances
causes liquefaction of proteins? 56. Payers patches are numerous in what portion
a. HCl of the GIT?
b. Lye a. stomach
c. Mercury b. colon
d. Lead c. duodenum
d. ileum
48. Which among the following are the major
immune cells attacked by HIV? 57. ________ is the body’s specific protection
a. plasma cells against an invading foreign agent.
d. CD8+ T-lymphocytes a. inflammation
c. natural killer cells b. antibody
d. CD4+ T-lymphocytes c. antigen
d. immunity
49. Which among the following is not a cause of
hypoxia, except; 58. The organ where T-cell lymphocytes
a. An increase in the blood supply in an organ differentiates/matures is _____.
b. An adequate tidal volume a. liver
c. Anemia b. bone marrow
d. none is correct c. spleen
d. Thymus
50. Which among the following is a major cause
of death in lightning strike? 59. Which among the following WBC is found in
a. Third degree burns delayed hypersensitivity reaction?
b. neither is correct a. Mast cells
b. basophils
c. macrophages 66. Which among the following conditions
d. none is correct produces inappropriate or exaggerated
responses to an antigen?
60. IgA can be found/produced in the following, a. Autoimmunity
except; b. Immunity
a. Breast milk c. Hypersensitivity
b. saliva d. All is correct.
c. placenta
d. all is correct

61. In a patient already in the ER with signs 67. A drug for pain that can be given thru the
of inflammation what should you do? transdermal route;
a. Go to your CI and inform him or her then a. morphine
eat b. ketorolac
b. Assist the patient and start getting the c. fentanyl
history d. none is correct
c. give epinephrine
d. none is correct 68. Which among the following is the
precursor of prostaglandins?
62. Which among the following is algogenic? a. linolenic acid
a. trauma b. alpha hydroxyacid
b. inflammation c. arachidonic acid
c. neither is correct d. none is correct
d. both are correct
69. What is the first manifestation of Aspirin
63. This is a behavioral pattern of substances toxicity?
use characterized by a compulsion to take a. tinnitus
the drug primarily to experience its effects; b. bone marrow depression
a. dependence c. gastritis
b. addiction d. fever
c. nociception
d. analgesia 70. Which among the following is correctly
matched (routes of administration)?
64. Pain is interpreted in which portion of the a. IM- Intramuscular
brain? b. PO: per ovary
a. cerebrum c. PR: pro renal
b. hypothalamus d. none is correct
c. thalamus
b. spinal cord

65. A patient was complaining of muscle pain

even after medication was given. Your senior
opened the T.V. and asked the patient to
watch. This is a non-pharmacologic
management, this is called_____.
a. hypnosis
b. therapeutic touch
c. aromatherapy
d. distraction
II. IDENTIFICATION: No erasures, incorrect spelling will be invalidated.
_______________1. Substance inhibited by Aspirin in platelets that lead to bleeding.
_______________2. OPOIDS are derived from this plant.
_______________3. A major cause of death in opioid overdose.
_______________4. A surgical intervention for pain where sensory nerves are destroyed where
they enter the spinal cord.
_______________5. } Give two examples of chemicals that produce pain.
_______________6.
_______________7. These drugs are also called narcotic analgesics.
_______________8. The most painful route of administration is____.
_______________9. The nerve tract where the signals from the nociceptors enter going to the
brain.
_______________10. These are morphine-like substances produced by the body that naturally
reduces pain.
_______________11.} 3 categories of pain
_______________12.
_______________13.
_______________14. Breakthrough pain is seen in patients given this type of medication.
_______________15. The antibody with no definite function.
_______________16. The immune system’s third line of defense is___
_______________17. Macrophages in the brain are called ____.
_______________18. Type of necrosis in acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis
_______________19.} 2 types of necrosis seen in wet gangrene
_______________20.
_______________21. Another name for cachectin is___.
_______________22. A process that enhances phagocytosis
_______________23. Calor in inflammation is primarily due to ___.
_______________24. 4 infectious agents that cause cellular injury
_______________25.}
_______________26.
_______________27.
_______________28. Primary function of Vitamin C
_______________29. A disorder in steady state regulation
_______________30. Tumor in inflammation is due to ___.

I. Answers: MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.____ 21.___ 41.___ 61.___
2.____ 22.___ 42.___ 62.___
3.____ 23.___ 43.___ 63.___
4.____ 24.___ 44.___ 64.___
5.____ 25.___ 45.___ 65.___
6.____ 26.___ 46.___ 66.___
7.____ 27.___ 47.___ 67.___
8.____ 28.___ 48.___ 68.___
9.____ 29.___ 49.___ 69.___
10.___ 30.___ 50.___ 70.___
11.___ 31.___ 51.___
12.___ 32.___ 52.___
13.___ 33.___ 53.___
14.___ 34.___ 54.___
15.___ 35.___ 55.___
16.___ 36.___ 56.___
17.___ 37.___ 57.___
18.___ 38.___ 58.___
19.___ 39.___ 59.___
20.___ 40.___ 60.___ arrjrrmtmd06