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Health Promotion
The path to health and well-being is
linked to the daily occupations (activities) in which we choose to
participate.
OT Focuses
Occupational therapy is a profession that focus on enabling clients to maximize their capacity to participate
Example 1
A person who enjoyed gardening but gave up this meaningful activity due to back pain may experience improved well being if he can continue through adaptations such as: Raised gardens (pots), or long handled tools to minimize strain on the back. Teaching someone to change positions frequently and to limit their time per day in the garden might be an alternate approach to improved ones health.
Example 2
An OT working with a client with diabetes
may teach techniques to monitor skin integrity and avoid skin breakdown, assist in establishing a daily meal intake schedule for proper nutrition, and assist him in locating an accessible community exercise program.
Occupational Therapists
Support and promote the development and engagement of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers, and their families, in everyday activities : ex: play, rest, sleep, study, and social participation(family, peers).
Why
So that together they can plan to prevent, promote, work on finding solutions or alternatives for the time being and future, concerning:
Playing, eating, sitting, bathing, showering, schooling, wheelchair choosing, brothers and sisters, family members ....
Learning disabilities,
Coordination & self care skills,
Occupational Therapists
DO NOT: Treat the diagnoses BUT Work with the child & his family to help the child to function at the highest possible level & actively participate in his occupations.
Occupational Therapist
Intervention is to facilitate development Close the Gap Through using
Developmental frame of reference to evaluate the child ? How do you as a PT evaluate the childs ability? (relate age and abilities)
The OT intervention
Mainly playful, it targets behavioural regulations, feeding techniques, motor skills development, & sensory integration..
Might require splinting, (sleeping, sitting, eating, bathing) positioning, toys adaption,...
Developmental needs
The primary occupations of young children are play and interacting with family. Occupational therapists evaluate childrens development and provide intervention to improve skills and/or modify environments when concerns arise about a childs functional performance.
Some examples
facilitating movement to help a child sit independently or crawl; helping a child learn to follow 2- or 3-step instructions; helping a child develop the ability to dress independently; helping a child learn to cope with disappointment or failure; reducing environmental noise for a child who is easily distracted; building skills for sharing, taking turns, and playing with peers; and helping a child develop the ability to use toys and materials in both traditional and creative manners.
Educational Needs
OT work with students in preschool, and elementary, middle, and high school to: Support: learning, appropriate behaviour, and participation in daily school activities.
At school
OT collaborate with teachers, and
parents, on ways to support student
OT Role
Fine motor and manipulation kills/handwriting Upper body strengthening to improve posture, reaching coordination Sensorimotor activities to improve balance, coordination, body awareness, attention and
focus ...
OT Role
Neurondevelopmental techniques to improve movement patterns, head control, & maneuver in movement (back to side..) Adaptations and activities for feeding, dressing & grooming skills Assistive technology (laptops,..) and adaptive equipment needed to help in being independent in ADL (as much as possible)
Intervention
Through group work New image and identity Building trust Emotional feelings and confusion Choice of activities Hobbies & skills activities Work related activities Finally a job !!!!
OT intervention
Compensate for lack of function Adapt and/ or modify activities (tools/place) Home safety tips Compensation technique (prioritize, resting.. ) Technical aids Home adaptations (technical aids, )
Summary
When conducting evaluation and intervention: we need to consider AGE !!!! We vary in age development but almost the same for all unless we have a turning point for different reasons We need to understand the developmental tasks over the life span, cz it provides insight into the occupations associated with the period in a persons life.