Name ___________________________________ Date __________ Pd _____

Which Side Are You On?

The periodic table can be separated into three main groups of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are located on the left side of the table, have few valence electrons, are shiny, and are very malleable. Nonmetals are located on the right side of the table, have many valence electrons, have various colors in their elemental states, and are very brittle. Metalloids are located along the steps and have properties that are a mi ture of metals and nonmetals. !ince metals and nonmetals have opposite properties, it is easy to predict where an element is located by loo"ing at its properties. #n this lab, you will evaluate several properties of an element to decide whether it is a metal or a nonmetal.

Procedure:
$. Place a paper towel in the plastic container at your station. %abel the paper towel with the following elements: iron, sulfur, &inc, carbon, magnesium, aluminum. %eave space between the names to place your samples. '. (btain a sample of each element from your teacher. Place the sample ne t to its name in the container. Do not move samples around after you have placed them. ). *ill in Data Table $. The number of valence electrons depends on the group the element is located in + group $ has $ valence electron, group ' has ', group $) has ), group $, has ,, etc. The number of energy levels depends on the period the element is located in + period $ has $ energy level, period ' has ', etc. ,. !cratch each of your samples with the sandpaper. (bserve whether the sample gets shiny or stays dull. -ecord your results in Data Table '. .. /sing the forceps, try to bend each of your samples. (bserve whether the sample bends or crumbles. -ecord your results in Data Table '.

0. Measure )1 m% of hydrochloric acid into your graduated cylinder. Pour . m% into each of the test tubes at your station. Place one of the samples into each test tube 2use iron filings for this procedure rather than the nail.3 (bserve the reaction of the element with acid. -ecord your results in Data Table '. 4. Throw all solids into the trash. The sulfur test tube should be given to your teacher for proper disposal. The acid may be poured down the drain with lots of water. -inse out all test tubes and clean your area. 5. 6nswer the 7uestions that follow. Data Table 1. Element #ron 2*e3 !ulfur 2!3 8inc 28n3 9arbon 293 Magnesium 2Mg3 6luminum 26l3 Data Table $. &eaction 'ith acid (none) little) a lot* Number Valence Electrons Number Ener ! "e#els

Element #ron 2*e3 !ulfur 2!3 8inc 28n3 9arbon 293 Magnesium 2Mg3 6luminum 26l3

Shin! or dull

%end or crumble

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+uestions. $. -an" the elements in order of their reaction with acid. !tart with the

strongest reaction and end with the least. _________________________ _________________________________________________________ '. #dentify each element as a metal or nonmetal. a. #ron____________________ d. 9arbon_____________________ b. !ulfur___________________ e. 8inc_______________________ c. Magnesium________________f. 6luminum___________________ ). Predictions. :hich of the following elements would be shiny: chromium, bromine, or selenium; ________________________________________ ,. Predictions. :hich of the following elements would crumble: tungsten,

phosphorus, or palladium; _____________________________________

.. /se Data Table $ to answer the following sentences.

a. Metals have between ______________ and _______________ valence electrons. b. Nonmetals have between ______________ and _____________ valence electrons.

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