DIRECTIONS: Given below are some passages followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the

facts stated in the passages. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity. Mark answer (1) if the inference is definitely true, i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts given if the inference is probably true in the light of the facts given if the data is inadequate, i.e. from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false if the inference is probably false, though not definitely false in the light of the facts given if the inference is definitely false, i.e. it cannot possibly be drawn from the facts given or it contradicts the facts given. A radical new surgery procedure, laughed at not long ago, is holding out fresh hope for patients of cardiac myopathy, or enlargement of the heart. The technique, now in India, allows patients to go home two weeks after the operation, to lead a near-normal sedentary life. Cardiac myopathy is a condition that has a variety of causative factors. An attack from one of the 20 identified viruses, parasite infection, long-term alcohol abuse and blood pressure could bring it on, and in rare cases, it could follow childbirth and is even known to run in families. The condition is marked by an increase in the size of the hearts chambers and a decrease in the efficiency of pumping. Cardiac myopathy slows down the heartbeat. Cardiac myopathy is hereditary. Earlier the patients suffering from cardiac myopathy were required to travel abroad for such operations. The new technique was never tried in India in the past. The efficiency of the heart is inversely proportional to the size of the heart. The videomagazine has launched a cultural revolution in India that has delighted viewers and confirmed the fears of the politicians about the power of video. The earliest to start was Newstrack, followed by two others on similar lines. It is said that the largest selling videomagazine sells about 20,000 copies of its monthly 90 minute cassettes at about Rs.150/- a piece. The viewership of this itself is estimated to be 5 6 millions.

E.

The viewership of all the videomagazines together may be around 14 millions. The Government of India has announced an extremely attractive incentive to promote the small-scale industries in rural areas fro the year 1992-93. The support amount has been raised and fixed at Rs. 30 lakh in comparison

3.

(2) (3)

(4)

to Rs. 25 lakh in the year 1991-92 and Rs. 20 lakh in 1990-91. The decision is viewed by many as a very timely incentive in the right direction to motivate people for establishing many small-scale industries in rural areas. A. The government does not provide any financial assistance for setting up smallscale industries in the urban areas. The small-scale industries help in increasing the economic status of the poor in the urban areas. The government is keen to develop the rural areas. The governments step would generate more employment opportunities. People will set up more small-scale industries in the rural areas. Indian rice exporters might face tough competition in the international market, allege exporters. International demand for Indian rice surfaced either due to its low prices or due to the crop failure in other competitive countries. However, our competitors are having a good crop of rice this year which indeed sounds as a threat for India, they pointed out. The leading producing countries like Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, USA and Pakistan are bringing down their prices on par with Indian prices. Internationally, these countries have reduced their prices by $50 per tonne in lower grades, coming almost on par with Indian prices. Indian rice is currently quoting between $260 and $265 per tonne. However, in high grade the differential still remains high; therefore, India can expect to be competitive in high grades provided the quality and deliveries are ensured on time. Pakistan is our main competitor and it has reduced its price by 15 per cent, coming almost in line with the Indian prices. The very fact that international players have started reducing their prices is a signal for Indian exporters to gear up for 1996-97. India has no potential threat in the international market for export of rice. Quality and delivery of goods on time are the two main components for being in the forefront. To remain in the international market, India should reduce its price. India should increase production of rice by 15 per cent to gear up for 1996-97.

(5)

B. 1.

C. D. E.

4.

A. B. C.

D. E.

2.

A. A. B. C. D. All videomagazines in India are brought out once a month. All videomagazines in India are privately owned. The total sales revenue from none of the videomagazines exceeds Rs. 30 35 lakhs. Videomagazines will not be well accepted by TV viewers in India. B.

C. D.

E.

Indian crops were the most inferior in quality as compared to those of the leading rice producing countries. Of the roughly 4,40,000 children who currently languish in Americas foster care system, 20,000 are available for adoption, most of them are older children between the ages of 6 and 12. Among the adoptable children, 44% are white and 43% are black. But 67% of all families waiting to adopt are white, and many of them are eager to take a black child. The hurdles, however, are often formidable. Though only three US states Arkansas, California and Minnesota have laws promoting race matching in adoptions, 40 others favour the practice. Children beyond 12 years of age are less suitable for adoption. White children are being preferred for adoption by the majority of black families. Majority of the US states have laws that discourage the practice of adoption. Among the adoptable children, at least 10 % are neither black nor white. Two-thirds of the white families are waiting to adopt a black child. Years of international experience and debates on the question of the long term viability of large dam projects have by now yielded enough evidence for us to unhesitatingly conclude that all such projects are counter productive, antipeople, anti-environmental and especially anti-poor. As such, given the body of information available on the subject, the advocacy of such a project on the part of those who ought to know better must be seen as an irresponsible act. Most of the international organizations support the idea of large dam projects. In the international arena, the controversy on the long-term viability of large dam projects ended decades ago. People advocating large dam projects are not aware of its ill effects. The proposed project is a replica of a large dam in some other country. The construction of large dams is not a recent idea. Some people are in favour of construction of large dams. A recent survey shows that India has the lowest death rate for blood cancer. China, Thailand and Myanmar (countries that have taste for spices) also have low rates. Higher rates are fund in the USA where spices are not used. The typical American food remains chicken rolls, butter and beef. Americans are unorthodox in their food habits. Spices prevent blood cancer. Chicken rolls, butter and beef promote cancer.

D. E. 8.

Spices promote forms of cancer other than blood cancer. Americans dislike spices. The force of technological change will have an impact on the manufacturing industry. But the real effect will be on the information processing industry like software development, service industries like airlines, insurance and consulting both technical and managerial, designing and executing jobs. Another feature of technological change by the end of the century will be the resistance to change from within and outside the organizations. Satisfactory resolutions will require a high degree of mutual cooperation between government and industry, industry and its users, management and unions and within organizations across functions. The information processing industry has been less amenable to technological change than the manufacturing industry. The technological change will affect only specific functions in an organization leaving the others undisturbed. As compared to the service industry, the manufacturing industry will be less affected by the technological change. Technological change has already set in. People prefer status quo. In 1994 95, India consumed 65.3 million tonnes (mt) of petro products, out of which consumption of diesel was 28.3 mt. The annual increase in diesel consumption from 1990 91 has been 8.5 per cent as against 4.7 per cent for all petro products. As per 1993 94 data, 11 per cent of diesel consumption is by industry, plantation, etc., 8 per cent by road transport, 5.5 per cent by the railways and 75 per cent by unspecified users. The consumption by farmers for tractors and irrigation pumps has been roughly 5.7 mt valued at about Rs.5, 500 crore. The agricultural produce in 1994 5 valued at Rs.2, 23,076 crore. The consumption of diesel in 1995 6 is estimated at 32 mt, whereas consumption of petrol accounts for 12 per cent of diesel consumption. If the cost of diesel is increased along with a small matching increase in procurement price, the farmer may be marginally affected. The percentage increase in the consumption of diesel in India is equal to that of all petro products. A one-rupee increase in diesel price will generate as much revenue as roughly a seven-rupee increase in petrol price. The consumption of petrol by farmers for agricultural purposes is approximately 50 per cent less than the use of diesel. The consumption of petrol for 1995 6 can be estimated to be in the range of 14 mt.

5.

A. B. C. D. E.

A.

B.

C.

6.

D. E. 9.

A. B.

C. D. E. F.

A.

7.

B.

C.

D. A. B. C.

E.

10.

The importance of water as a valuable resource for agriculture can never be over-emphasized. Being so, it has rightly been engaging the serious attention of our planners and policy makers. With the result, we have today the worlds largest irrigated area in the world next only to China. From 23.2 million hectares of 1951 52, which marked the beginning of planned development, the gross irrigated area in our country has gone to over 70 million hectares, registering over 300 per cent increase during some three and a half decades of planned period. It now covers nearly one-third of cultivated area. In future, there is a possibility of further increase in the area under irrigation in India. India does not need to give more importance in management of water resources in future. Currently, the total cultivated area is approximately in the range of 200 million hectares or so. Currently, our planners and policy makers are No. 2 in the world. Our planners and policy makers have still not given attention to the uncultivated land. In the late 1980s, the Government of India set an ambitious target to produce at least 10,000 MW of electricity from nuclear reactors by the end of the century. The present installed capacity of four nuclear power centers is a mere 1,840 MW. The target of 10,000 MW is nowhere in sight at the present rate of development. A few years back, the target was pruned to around 5,000 MW. Now, there are six reactors under various stages of construction. There are two 220 MW units each at Rawatbhata in Rajasthan and Kaiga in Karnataka. Work is on to build two 500 MW each Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR) at Tarapur in Maharashtra. Once completed, these six units will add 1,880 MW to the existing installed capacity. The new units will fulfill the actual shortage of electricity. The pace of development in other Asian countries is very fast. India has the technical competence to run the nuclear reactors. India will shortly reach its revised goal by the turn of the century. All the nuclear reactors in India are located in 3 states only. It appears that the goal set for nuclear plants in terms of generation of electricity was highly improbable. India is not keen to go for nuclear energy. Urban lifestyles, fast foods, changing diet patterns, lack of exercise, obesity and smoking are responsible for increase in the

incidence of diabetes, heart attacks and cancer. Research has also shown that modern cooking oils have an unhealthy ratio of harmful fatty acids to essential fatty acids, which contribute to free radical attacks and increase insulin resistance. Ghee, coconut oil and mustard oil have a healthy ratio of fatty acids. Their use in rural India, coupled with a traditional high fiber diet and physical exercise, probably account for the lower incidence of diabetes and heart attacks in the rural population, the study reveals. A. B. Rural people should not migrate to urban cities if they value their health. Most of the rural population is healthy and free of diseases. Urban health conscious people can stop using modern cooking oils and reduce chances of occurrence of these diseases. Only cooking oil is responsible for rise in the incidence of diseases like heart attacks, cancer etc. The increase in diseases like diabetes, heart attacks, etc is controllable by taking proper measures. Rabies is a disease transmitted to man and animals through the bite of a rabiesinfected animal, most commonly by dogs. It is caused by a virus present in the saliva of the infected animal which gets deposited in the wound of the bite victim, multiplies and travels towards the brain and spinal cord. If not treated, about half of such cases develop rabies. Symptoms of the disease start out one to three months after the bite. Very few laboratory tests are available for the diagnosis of rabies in India. Precautionary measures include prompt washing of the dog bite wound with soap and water. The wound is also treated with cetavion tincture of iodine or spirit. A. The governments and local bodies should expedite measures to catch and kill stray dogs as a preventive measure. Rabies can be transmitted from any animal to the other through open cuts and wounds. The bite of a rabies-infected animal to a healthy animal definitely results in the spread of rabies. The saliva of housedogs should be periodically tested for the detection of rabies. Western countries have well equipped laboratory tests to detect rabies.

A.

C.

B.

D.

C.

E.

D. E.

13.

11.

B.

C. A. B. C. D. E. F.

D.

E.

G. 12.

14. Despite the vast untapped potential, the funding of sericulture development in the country has been found to be a major stumbling block. Therefore, it is necessary that a scheme for providing free flow of credit to all those who are engaged in sericulture including silk weaving may be drawn up. Further, taking into account the emerging effect on the Indian silk industry

from global players like Korea and China, and also the serious challenges posed by the ongoing changes in the multi-fibre agreement and complete integration with GATT, it is necessary to formulate a new national silk policy. Another working group has to be constituted to evolve a long-term import and export policy. A. The formulation and implementation of long term import and export policy will help the Indian silk industry. Extending free flow of credit may help the Indian silk industry in some way. The silk industry in Korea and China are totally supported by their respective governments. The Indian silk industry had been facing a very tough challenge from Korea and China. So far there has been no National Silk Policy in India.

B. C.

semi-exile with his newly married wife. Yet London saw him again, not as Raleigh the courtier but as Raleigh the scholar and scientist who became the center of an intellectual and scientific circle. Now he conceived his great plan for the penetration of Guiana, then a remote and mysterious region reported to be teeming with treasure of all kinds. In the early part of 1595, the fleet set sail and after much misery and suffering, with brighter intervals when they were hospitably entertained by native chiefs, the expedition reached a region which certain indications promised to be rich in gold. A. B. C. Queen Elizabeth, mentioned in the passage, is the present Queen of England. The Queen was not very happy with Raleigh. Guiana is in South America. When the region was explored, Raleigh found a lot of gold there. Raleigh was a man of multi-dimensional talents. The Queen was an autocrat and paid no heed to sensible suggestions. Time, as we know it, is a very recent invention. The modern time sense is hardly older than the United States. It is a byproduct of industrialism a sort of psychological analogue of synthetic perfumes and aniline dyes. Acutely aware of the smallest constituent particles of time as measured by clock-work and train arrivals and the revolutions of machines, industrialized man has, to a great extent, lost the old awareness of time, of natural cosmic time, as it is measured out by the sun and moon. One can live and work in a city or town without being aware of the daily march of the sun across the sky, without ever seeing the moon and the stars. The row of neon lights is our Milky Way and constellations. Even changes of season affect the townsman very little. He is the inhabitant of an artificial universe walled-off from the world of nature. He has a new consciousness, but it has been purchased at the expense of the old consciousness. Time can be accurately measured just by looking at the sun and the moon. Industrialization has driven the modern man away from nature. Trains always arrive and depart very punctually. Rural areas have no neon lights. People in towns have facilities to enable them to fight severe weather. Perfumes and colors cannot be made with chemicals. Fearing extinction, the Karnataka film world took to the streets of Bangalore with all and sundry, from top stars to clapper-boy, staging a demonstration for better treatment to the local movie industry. Pushed into a corner with falling revenues,

D. E.

15. In the context of computers, the hardware specialties like the tendency of research connected with human factors, the design of the workstations, keyboards, and visual display etc. are being concentrated upon, though the literature connected with interface and software problems has recently been on the increase. There are two reasons for it. The first reason in the light of the increasing power of computers is that the designers have got an opportunity to select and organize that technique which the user follows in communicating the message. The second is that the human factors research organizations have deviated from physical specialties of self-improving work-system and gone to the psychological dimensions of the man-machine interaction. A. In the field of computers, a change has taken place in the approach of the human factors research organizations. The human factors research organizations do not help in designing the software system. They help only in the evaluation of ultimate production. The physical specialties of work area are less important than their psychological dimensions. There has been systematic progress in the basic computer technique. How the user communicates messages through computer hardware is supposed to be the hardware area of human research. The tools and methods of human research organizations have also undergone a change. The human research organizations, in the field of computers, had been started two decades ago. Queen Elizabeth was forced to release him at last, for only he could control the sturdy men who were disputing the prize money. Raleigh rapidly settled the situation, and the queen gave him his freedom, but he could not regain her favor and retired to

D. E.

17.

B.

C.

D. E.

A. B. C. D. E. F.

F.

G.

16.

18.

non-availability of movie halls and domination of non-Kannada films in the State, the beleaguered celluloid industry suspended all its activities indefinitely until the intervention of the State Government. The procession was joined by thousands of fans and the busy central area of Bangalore was virtually jammed. The main demands are, making it mandatory for all cinema halls to screen the local language film for six months in a year and to exhibit only those non-Kannada films that have been screened elsewhere for twelve months at least. A. B. C. D. E. F. A clapper-boy is the lowest employee of the cinema industry. Karnataka film stars are very popular in Bangalore. Hindi movies are the main rivals of the Kannada movies. The demands of the Kannada film industry people are not reasonable. The base of film is celluloid. The cinema halls in Bangalore give first preference to the screening of Kannada films. Besides being vast, Brazil is a country of mysteries and of extremes. It is difficult to know its present as it is difficult to get to know its past. Car builders and army pioneers are constantly turning up archeological finds when building the new roads intended to open up the vast territories which are still inaccessible. No one can estimate how much unique material is lost forever in the mountains of debris excavated. And yet, archeology is a universal hobby in Brazil, though professional archeologists are rare. The size of the country and the multiplicity of archeological riches, most of them virtually inaccessible, mean that planned digging, classification, and excavation scarcely ever take place. Even if a forgotten prehistoric town is accurately located and is accessible with the right kind of vehicle, it takes years before the money to equip a modern expedition is available. Brazil has places where approach is not easy. Most of the archeologists are rich. All the places of archeological research were traced through an air survey. All the Brazilians are aware of the fact that a rich prehistoric civilization prevailed in their country. The government officials take fast decisions regarding expeditions interested in archeological finds. Road builders are not much concerned about the articles and places that might be of value from the archeological point of view.

19.

A. B. C. D.

E.

F.