Science Study Sheet Chapter 13 Forces in Motion Pages 406 to 431

Name ____________________ Test Day _________________

1. Friction____ is the force that acts against moving objects. It occurs when two objects rub together. 2. Gravity___ is the force between the mass of the earth and the mass of other objects. It pulls objects toward the center of the earth. 3. The push or pull that acts on an object is force ___. 4. Work ___ is what happens when you use force to move an object.

5. The six simple machines are: lever, wheel & axle, inclined plane, pulley, * wedge, * screw _(*Special inclined planes)_____________________________________________ 6. An objects _speed _ is how fast its position is changing with time at any moment. 7. Mass is the measure __ of the amount of matter ____ in an object.

8. The Law of Motion were discovered by __Isaac Newton _____. 9. A load ___ is what is lifted with a lever. 10. The pivot point of a lever is the _fulcrum _____. 11. A _wedge___ makes it easier to cut or separate things. 12. A __lever _____ makes it easier to lift things. 13. __Velocity ____ is the speed and direction of a moving object. 14. The tendency of an object to resist a change is motion is _inertia __. 15. _Acceleration ____ is a change in velocity with respect to time. 16. What will happen if you drop a feather and a brick at the same time on the moon? _______ They would fall at the same rate. ____________________________________________

17. Pliers are a example of a __lever _____. 18. The front of a boat acts like a __wedge_______ as it moves through water. 19. A ramp is an _inclined_____ ____plane______. 20. The device on a flagpole that raises the flag is a _pulley ___________. 21. A chisel that is used to cut rock or split logs is a _wedge_________. 22. Using the scientific definition of work, give an example of work. ___________________ A book, brushing teeth, answers will vary.___________________________________________ 23. Newtons First ___ Law of Motion states that objects at rest tend to stay at rest until a force acts upon it. 24. Riding bumper cars is an example of Newtons third ______ Law of Motion. 25. If you have a car with a mass of 800 kg and it accelerates at 20 meters per second, how much force has been applied? (Hint: divide) __800kg 20 mps = 40(N) newtons_______________________ 26. _Inertia_______ is the reason you need to wear seatbelts in a moving vehicle. 27. A pulley and a wheel and axle are considered leavers because they both need a __fulcrum_______, _____load ________, and _____force___________ 28. A __simple________ __machine_______ has one or two parts and a complex/compound _machine_______ has two or more simple machines put together. 29. What 2 simple machines make up a pair of scissors? _lever & wedge________ 30. List 4 simple machines found on a bicycle. _wheel & axle, screw, pulley, levers _____

_____________________________________________________________________________ 31. Using a _lubricant/ oil / grease ____________ will cause the wheels on a skateboard to glide easier and farther.

32. A pendulum is an object with ___periodic _______ ___motion _____. 33. A train travels 150 miles west in 3 hours. What is the formula you use to determine the velocity of the train? What is the velocity of the train? _____150 3 hrs = 50 miles per hour_________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 34. Electricity and magnetism can either ___push ____ or ___pull_____ objects. 35. When driving a car, a driver is using a simple machine to steer the car. The driver is using a _wheel ___ and _axle_____ to reduce the amount of _force ____ needed to steer the car. 36. When you ride a roller coaster, __inertia ___ makes you rise out of your seat at the top of a hill. 37. The greater the net force acting on an object, the greater the ___acceleration_____ of the object. 38. When a truck hits an insect the insect hits the truck with _less___ force than the force with which the truck hits the insect. 39. __Gravity______ is the force that keeps a satellite in orbit around the earth. 40. Give an example of a complex machine that uses mainly human force to operate the simple machine that make it up. _bicycle Essay Questions A student says that if she throws a ball in space it will not slow down as quickly as it would on Earth. Is the student correct? Explain why or why not. Student is correct. There is less friction. Identify two simple machines and explain how they make work easier. Provide an example of each simple machine your identify. Lever(scissor or pliers) wheel & axle (car, truck or wheels) Inclined plane (Ramp ) (screw, wedges) Isaac Newton explained how things moved. Part A: Identify Newtons 3 Laws of Motion. Part B: Give an example of the first law at work. ___________________________________________________