ChE 354 Fall 2013 HW Set #6 (Revised) Due 11/18/13

1) A dilute methanol stream at 3.78 kg/s is heated from 38 to 54 degC in a shell & tube
exchanger. On the shell side one pass is used with hot condensate (water) as the heating
fluid. 1.89 kg/s enters the shell at 93 degC. Uo = 1190 W/m2-degC. The average velocity
in the tubes must be maintained at 0.37 m/s in 1.905 cm ID tubes. Because of space
limitations, the tube length must be no longer than 2.4 m. Calculate the number of tube
passes, number of tubes, and length of the tubes.

2) A horizontal tube vaporizer boils NH3 inside 1 inch 12 BWG steel tubes and condenses
n-butane on the outside of the tubes. Uo = 198 Btu/hr-ft2-degF with a very clean
exchanger on both sides. Saturated NH3 vaporizes at 144 psia and 80 degF. In the
future, there are economic reasons to operate the vaporizer at the higher pressure of 170
psia and 90 degF if the heat duty can be maintained. Properties of NH 3 at 80 and 90 degF
are: liquid vis cp = 0.100 and 0.090; k Btu/ft-hr-degF = 0.29 and 0.28; liquid s.g. = 0.61 and
0.61; vapor lb/ft3 =0.434 and 0.507; Hvap Btu/lb = 475 and 468. The forced convection
boiling film coefficient over a narrow range in the nucleate boiling regime is h bi = G0.3/
Hvap k/ (Tw-Tsatn)2 where is constant for a particular exchanger pipe material, length,
and surface condition. The NH3 circulation rate can be increased 10%. Condensing outside
the tubes is n-butane at 60 psia and 108 degF. To offset the loss in T caused by raising
the NH3 system pressure, butane can be condensed at a higher pressure. However, there
is only room to go up to 66 psia or 116 degF saturation temperature. Roughly, what would
you expect the new Uo and q/A to be? What would you recommend doing in this case? Nbutane properties at 110 and 120 degF are: liquid vis cp = 0.015 and 0.014; k Btu/ft-hrdegF = 0.074 and 0.074; liquid s.g. = 0.59 and 0.59; vapor lb/ft 3 = 0.596 and 0.652; and
Hvap Btu/lb = 153 and 151.

3) 7100 lb/hr of a lube oil stream (s.g.=.90) must be cooled from 450 degF to 350 degF
(Avg cp =0.62 Btu/lb-degF; vis=2.5 cp at 400 degF and 6.0 cp at 300 degF). You can install
several sections of a concentric pipe exchanger (or double pipe or hairpin exchanger)
with 2 inch Sch 40 pipe within 3 inch Sch 40 pipe and lengths upto 20 feet. The lube oil
should flow within the annulus. To cool the lube oil there is available 69000 lb/hr of a light
oil stream (s.g.=0.86) at 290 degF (Avg cp =0.58 Btu/lb-degF; vis=0.83 cp at 300 degF)
that can flow inside the 2 inch pipe. Allowable pressure drops are 10 psi for each side.

You suspect that all the light oil cannot go through the 2 inch pipe and stay within 10 psi.
You do not want to bypass part of the flow and lose efficiency and you know that streams
can be easily split for parallel flow through concentric pipe exchangers. For example the
smaller stream can go through all the pipe sections in series, while the larger stream can
be split in half with each half going through separate pipe sections in parallel (All done to
maintain countercurrent flow as done with example problems). Using the methods shown in
MSH Example 12.2 you calculate the design (with fouling allowance) h for the lube oil to be
60 Btu/ft2-hr-degF at the hot end of the heat exchange and 40 at the cold end. This is
with the entire flow through the annulus. For the light oil stream you calculate h (with
fouling factor) to be 340 at the hot end and 300 at the cold end. This is for the entire
flow through the 2 inch pipe. What do you recommend doing and what is the required size
of the heat exchanger? Show calculations to support your recommendation.